Relationship of occupational stress and psychosocial stress to health promotion behavior in female office workers and emotional labor workers for sales

한원선,이강숙,구혜진,이빈나,이예지,조현영,박용준 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2015 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.32 No.5

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of occupational stress and psychosocial stress to health promotion behaviors depending on characteristics of female office workers and emotional labor workers for sales. Methods: A survey of 207 female service workers engaging in sales of cosmetics in major department stores and 149 females working in the offices of cosmetics companies was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: It showed a significant difference in job demand and insufficient job control which are sub-domains of stress. The percentage of emotional laborers exposed to a high risk of psychosocial stress was higher than office workers. In office workers, occupational stress stemmed from insufficient job control and low reward of work was significantly related to psychosocial stress. But in emotional labor workers, stress from job insecurity, and organizational system were added. The relevant factors that affect health promotion behaviors were type of occupational stress, psychosocial stress, marital status, educational level and working career. Conclusions: Occupational stress and psychosocial stress were closely associated with health promotion behaviors. It was suggested that the development of health promotion programs which reduce the stress in female office and emotional labor workers. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of occupational stress and psychosocial stress to health promotion behaviors depending on characteristics of female office workers and emotional labor workers for sales. Methods: A survey of 207 female service workers engaging in sales of cosmetics in major department stores and 149 females working in the offices of cosmetics companies was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: It showed a significant difference in job demand and insufficient job control which are sub-domains of stress. The percentage of emotional laborers exposed to a high risk of psychosocial stress was higher than office workers. In office workers, occupational stress stemmed from insufficient job control and low reward of work was significantly related to psychosocial stress. But in emotional labor workers, stress from job insecurity, and organizational system were added. The relevant factors that affect health promotion behaviors were type of occupational stress, psychosocial stress, marital status, educational level and working career. Conclusions: Occupational stress and psychosocial stress were closely associated with health promotion behaviors. It was suggested that the development of health promotion programs which reduce the stress in female office and emotional labor workers

일본의 여성노동자의 동원과 보호에 관한 연구: “보호직공”으로 동원된 여성노동자를 중심으로

김경옥 일본사학회 2019 일본역사연구 Vol.50 No.-

Japanese female workers apparently had a vest economic impact on modern Japanese government. The role of the female workers who played the industrial revolution and the rich country forces as an industrial warrior in modern Japan cannot be overemphasized. However, female workers, who accounted for a majority of factory workers, were forced to suffer from sickness, low wages, and long working hours in a severe working environment. The aim of this research is to analyze how Japanese female workers were mobilized as a low-wage labor called factory girls. In addition, this research focuses on how female workers who were prescribed as “Protected Workers” under “The Factory Law” called “The Workers Protection Act” were treated. The Japanese government needed much labor and treated female workers as an object of labor mobilization for the Industrial Revolution and Japan's Modernization. However, “The Factory Law” did not guarantee rational working conditions as workers' rights, and was enacted with emphasis on industrial development. Female workers who were “Protected Workers” were defined under the name of protection as being passive, weak-minded and able to do simple tasks. “The Factory Law” was abolished by the enforcement of “The Labor Standards Act” in 1947, however the social awareness of female workers designated as “Protected Workers” has not changed. I think this research is important because female workers still work as non-regular and low-wage workers. This research will provide a clue to show the correlation between Japanese government and the social awareness of today’s female workers.

시간제 여성 임금근로자의 일과 삶의 균형 유형에 따른 시간 사용과 심리적 특성

박정열,손영미,오세숙 여가문화학회 2014 여가학연구 Vol.12 No.1

This study grasped current conditions of the balance of work and life of part-time female paid workers and tried the typology by using the 2009 Korean Time Survey. It was found that part-time female paid workers used an average of 334.1 minutes for work, 206.0 minutes for family, 134.4 minutes for leisure, and 20.0 minutes for growth per day. On the basis of times used in each area of work and life, it was classified into growth-oriented type, leisure-family parallel type, work-oriented type, family-oriented type. Psychological characteristics were compared by type. The work-oriented type women experienced feelings of lack of time and fatigue the most. The characteristics of part-time female paid workers were compared with those of full-time female paid workers. The results showed part-time female paid workers spent more time with their family and leisure activities than full-time female paid workers whereas full-time female paid workers spent more time in working. Futhermore full-time female paid workers felt more fatigue and a shortage of time than part-time female paid workers. 본 연구는 2009년 생활시간조사 자료를 사용하여 시간제 여성 임금근로자의 일과 삶의 균형 현황을 파악하고 이를 통해 유형화를 시도하였다. 시간제 여성 임금근로자들은 일, 가족, 여가, 성장과 관련한 활동에 각각 하루 평균 334.1분, 206.0분, 134.4분, 20.0분을 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 일과 삶의 각 영역에서 사용한 시간 사용량을 바탕으로 유형화를 실시한 결과, 성장중심형, 여가-가족병행형, 일중심형, 가족중심형 등 4개의 유형으로 분류되었다. 유형화를 바탕으로 각 유형에 속하는 사람들의 인구통계학적 특성과 심리적 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 유형별 심리적 특성을 살펴보면, 일중심형이 타 유형에 비해 시간부족감과 피로감을 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 시간제 여성 임금근로자들의 특성을 보다 명확하게 이해하기 위하여 전일제 여성 임금근로자들과의 비교를 실시하였다. 시간제 여성 임금근로자들은 전일제 여성 임금근로자들보다 가족 및 여가와 관련한 활동시간의 비율이 더 높았다. 반면 전일제 여성 임금근로자들은 일과 관련한 활동 시간의 비율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전일제 여성 임금근로자들은 시간제 여성 임금근로자들보다 시간부족감과 피로감을 더 많이 느끼는 것으로 나타났다.

A New Attempt at Organizing Irregular Workers in Korea: Examining the Activities of the Korean Women’s Trade Union

Nobuko Yokota 한국사회학회 2014 韓國社會學 Vol.48 No.6

In Korea, irregular workers have increased rapidly since the 1990s due to globalization and the economic crisis of 1998. Most, especially female irregular workers are informal workers, whose employment and means of livelihood are precarious. This problem has become a serious issue of public concern. Therefore, this study clarifies the characteristics of female irregular workers in Korea, and how they have created their own “labor societies” and built unions based on them, in particular taking the case of the Korean Women’s Trade Union (KWTU). Moreover, we examine how the KWTU has developed various movements, and what problem it came to have in organizing these workers. Specific approaches to solving the problem of organizing female irregular workers were taken up by the KWTU in cooperation with the Korean Women Workers Association. These approaches are highlighted as new and unique patterns of organizing the movements of irregular workers.

우리나라 일부 사무직과 생산직 여성근로자에서 근골격계 자각증상과 관련요인

이경재 ( Kyung Jae Lee ),한성현 ( Sung Hyun Han ),안연순 ( Yeon Soon Ahn ),황정호 ( Jung Ho Hwang ),김주자 ( Joo Ja Kim ) 한국산업위생학회 2007 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.17 No.4

이 연구는 우리나라 40세 이하 여성근로자들을 대상으로 직종에 따른 직업적 특성과 근골격계 자각증상을 조사하여 사무직과 생산직 여성근로자에서 근골격계 자각증상의 호소율을 파악하고, 근골격계 증상과 관련요인을 알아보고자 하였으며 우리나라 여성근로자의 근골격계 질환 예방 및 건강관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 사무직 여성이 1,002명(53.4%)이고 생산직 여성이 873명(46.6%)를 차자하고 있으며, 흡연과 음주 경험에서도 생산직 여성에서 사무직 여성에 비해 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 사무직 여성들은 생산직 여성에 비해서 하루 4시간 이상의 컴퓨터 작업에 많이 종사하고 있는 반면, 생산직 여성들은 지나친 반복 업무와 부자연스러운 자세를 유지하는 업무 및 무거운 물건을 다루는 작업, 진동공구 등을 이용하는 작업에 상대적으로 더 많이 종사하는 것으로 나타났다. 유해물질에 대한 인식을 살펴본 결과도 사무직 여성들은 전자파에 대한 노출이 있다고 응답한 반면, 분진, 소음 등 기타 유해물질에 대한 노출이 있다고 응답한 경우는 생산직 여성에서 보다 많은 것으로 나타났다. 두 군 모두에서 어깨와 허리가 주요 통증 부위로 나타났다. 근골격계 자각증상 호소율을 비교해 보면, 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 보여 생산직 여성에서 사무직 여성에 비해서 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 이 연구를 통하여 생산직 여성에서 근골격계 자각증상의 호소율이 사무직 여성에 비해 유의하게 높게 나타났으며, 사무직 여성에서도 컴퓨터 작업과 부자연스러운 손목 자세를 유지해야 하는 업무 등을 하고 있는 것으로 나타나 근골격계자각증상 예방을 위한 관리대상에서 제외될 수는 없는 직종으로 생각된다. 따라서 근골격계 증상과 관련될 수 있는 관련작업 형태에 대한 예방대책과 보건교육이 필요하다고 생각되며, 더 나아가 우리나라 여성근로자의 건강보호를 위해서는 사업장 내에서 근무형태와 근무환경에 따른 건강영향을 줄일 수 있는 예방대책이 필요할 것으로 생각되어 향후 이에 대한 보다 많은 연구가 이루어질 필요가 있다고 생각된다. Objectives: To investigate the related factors on musculoskeletal symptoms among Korean female workers. Methods: A total of 1,875 female workers (1,002 office workers and 873 blue-collar workers) was analyzed. They were randomly selected among female workers by cluster sampling and interviewed by well trained interviewer, who filled out a structured questionnaire on the musculoskeletal symptoms. Other factors such as general and occupational characteristics including workplace location, employment condition, work duration, and working condition were also investigated. Results: Current smokers and drinkers were significantly more common in blue-collar workers than in office workers. Those working full time were significantly more common in blue-collar workers than in office workers. Those working over 8 hours per day were also popular in office workers than in bluecollar workers. Subjective musculoskeletal symptoms were significantly higher in the type of work including excessive repetitive work, work using awkward stretching hand upwards, work using repetitive wrist movements, static work using awkward hand posture, and heavy manual lifting and handling works. The mean score of the symptoms were significantly higher in blue-collar than in office workers. The significantly different working factors between two groups were work duration, employment condition and daily work hours. Conclusion: We suggest that the type of work including awkward and repetitive works as well as job type may be one of the most important factors related to musculoskeletal symptoms of female workers in the workplace. Preventive strategy will be needed to prevent the negative impact on health status of working women in the workplace.

여성근로자의 노동시장 및 작업환경 특성 연구

이관형 ( Kwan Hyung Yl ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2013 한국안전학회지 Vol.28 No.5

The purpose of this study is to review the labor force partitpation rate and work environment characteristics of female workers to provide basic information for establishment and implementation of effective policies related to accident prevention and workers health protection for female workers. It was analyzed employment status, work environment and injuries and illnesses based on economic activity female labor force participation rate has been steadily increased, whereas male labor force participation rate has been decreased since 1970. Industrial accident rate has been declined in male workers but that in female workers has been steadily increased even though male workers were higher accident rate than female workers. It was evaluated that female workers are vulnerable to industrial injuries and illnesses in the aspect of their working environment and employment status. Also, Substantial differences between female and male workers in occupational exposure patterns, occupational disease and occupational environments were observed. Therefore it was recommended that special care programs for female workers such as a specialized monitoring and management program should be introduce in the near future.

1970년대 여성노동자의 여가시간을 둘러싼 투쟁

류제철 ( Jecheol Ryu ) 한국사회사학회 2010 사회와 역사 Vol.0 No.85

1970년대 한국 여성 노동자들의 장시간 노동과 저임금 등의 노동조건은 여가의 질과 시간을 제약하였다. 이런 조건하에서 여성 노동자들은 노동시간뿐만 아니라 여가시간도 자유롭게 활용할 수 없었기 때문에, 공장의 지배체제와 여성 노동자들은 여가시간을 둘러싼 투쟁을 벌였다. 이 논문에서는 이런 여성 노동자들의 여가시간을 둘러싼 투쟁을 공장 내외부로 나누어 살펴보았다. 공장 안에서 여성 노동자들의 휴식시간은 점심시간 단축을 통한 생산을 위한 시간이 되기도 하였지만, 기술 습득을 위한 시간으로 이용되기도 하였고, 노조의 태업에 이용되기도 하였다. 기숙사에서 여가시간은 사감의 통제하에 있었다. 사감은 여성 노동자들의 기숙사 입출입을 통제하고, 지정된 시간에 불을 꺼서 강제적으로 잠을 자도록 유도하였다. 이런 기숙사생활을 하면서 여성 노동자들은 서로 일상생활을 공유하면서 뜨개질, 편지 쓰기, 독서 등으로 여가시간을 활용했다. 민주노조 활동이 활발한 공장 기숙사에서는 ‘탈춤반’ 등을 조직하여 노동자들의 대안적 문화를 생산, 향유하였다. 이처럼 기숙사의 여가시간동안 노동자의 여가시간조차 통제하려는 자본과 기숙사 공간이 제공하는 여성 노동자들간의 교류와 집단적인 대안적인 여가문화 창출을 통한 노동자 의식 형성이 중첩되고 경쟁하였다. 공장 외부에서 여성 노동자들은 여가시간에 대중음악, 영화 관람 등 도시 소비문화를 향유하였다. 여성 노동자들의 도시 소비문화 향유는 자본에 의해서만이 아니라 산선, 노조에 의해 부정적인 평가를 받았다. 산업화시기 여성 노동자들의 여가 시간은 개별화된 여가시간 활용뿐만 아니라 노조, 산선, 공장에 의해 조직화된 여가 시간이 존재하였다. 조직화된 여가시간은 조직 주체에 따라 특정한 목적을 실현하기 위해 개별 여성 노동자들을 조직하여 집단적으로 향유하는 여가시간이라고 할수 있다. Most of female workers in the industrialization of Korea were minors coming from rural areas. They were poorly educated. Their work and everyday life was filled with long working hours, low wages, poor working conditions and deprivation of human rights. This paper attempts to analyze female workers`` struggle on leisure time. Their consciousness and culture was not only formed by labor unionism, but also formed by everyday life practices includung leisure time activities. This paper used oral materials and documents for understanding female workers struggle on leisure time. Female workers’ struggle on leisure time can be divided into two parts. Struggle on leisure time in Factory consists of leisure time of recess and dormitory. Recess was used by female workers for many purposes including skill training, short sleep and free time. Factory discipline shortened lunch time and allowed little recess. In this situation, female workers’ endeavored to use recess by their own will. In the dormitory, female workers`` leisure time mostly used for reading books and talk with their companions. Dormitory inspector restricted female workers’ going out and sleep out for preserving active labor power. In substance, female workers’ leisure time could not used by their own will, but secured by struggle against intervention on leisure time by management. Female workers’ outdoor activities during leisure time can be divided into two spheres. Individual workers enjoyed korean pop song, movies and urban consumer culture. This leisure time was criticized by management, union and Urban Industrial Mission(UIM). For management, the workers should not waste money and energy for such entertainment. For union and UIM, the workers must participate in union and UIM oriented leisure activities including small group activities. As a result, female workers’ leisure time was in the condition of struggle. Also, picnic party hosted by management, union and UIM was leisure activities for female workers. Union and UIM used picnic party to encourage laborer identity.

여성 근로자 비중이 경영성과 및 기업가치에 미치는 영향 : 기업 문화에 따른 차별적 영향

박성욱,김성태,나형종 한국회계학회 2019 회계학연구 Vol.44 No.5

As women become more active in society, companies are increasing their female worker proportion. But, due to the stereotypes about female workers and social recognition that they have responsibility for their families, the proportion of female workers in domestic companies is still low. However, when female workers are more likely to have a positive impact on the company because they have discriminative human resources from men, and can improve diversity and present new perspectives. Further, the positive effect of the female workers could be different depending on the culture of the corporation. This study empirically analyzed whether the proportion of females workers has an effects on business performance and firm value of KOSPI-KOSDAQ-listed companies in 2011, 2013 and 2015. The results show that the proportion of female workers has no significant effect on business performance but has a significantly positive effect on firm value. This can be interpreted that the human resources elements of female workers are not immediately reflected in their business, but they enhance the diversity within the organization and improve the firm value. As a result of interactive analysis with corporate culture variables, progressive and organized corporate culture enhances the positive effect of the proportion of female worker on firm value, but vertical corporate culture weakens. This result implies that female worker’s capability is differentiated depending on corporate culture. This study not only demonstrates the importance of female worker, but also suggests that corporate culture should be improved for female worker to maximize contribution to their firm. 여성의 사회진출이 활발해짐에 따라, 기업 역시 근로자 중 여성의 비중을 높이고 있는 추세이다. 하지만 여성은 남성과 차별화된 인적자원 요소가 존재함과 동시에, 조직 내다양성을 제고하며 새로운 시각과 문제해결 방안을 제시할 수 있다는 점에서 기업에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 가능성이 있으며 여성 근로자가 속한 기업의 문화에 따라 기업에 미치는긍정적인 효과가 상이할 수 있다. 본 연구는 기업의 여성 근로자 비중이 경영성과 및 기업가치에 미치는 영향과, 이 관계가 기업문화에 따라 차이가 있는지를 실증분석 하였다. 이를위해 인적자본기업패널 데이터를 사용하여, 2011·2013·2015년 3개연도의 유가증권 및코스닥 상장기업을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 여성 근로자 비중은 경영성과(총자산이익률)에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 기업가치(Tobin's Q)에는 유의한 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 여성 근로자의 인적자원적 요소가 기업에 즉각적으로 반영되지 않으나, 조직 내 다양성을 제고하여 장기적으로 기업의 가치를 향상시킨다고 해석할 수 있다. 기업문화 변수와의 상호작용 분석 결과, 진취적 기업문화와 조직적기업문화에서는 여성 근로자 비중이 기업가치에 미치는 영향이 더 강한 것으로, 위계적 기업문화에서는 더 약화되는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 여성 근로자의 역량이 조직 문화에 따라차별적으로 발현됨을 보여주고 있는 결과이다. 본 연구는 기업 내 여성 근로자의 중요성을증명함과 동시에, 여성 근로자의 역량을 극대화하기 위해서 조직 문화를 개선해야 한다는시사점을 제공한다.

Association between shift work and serum homocysteine level in female electronic manufacturing services workers

Lim Jae-Won,Kim Chan Woo,Park Hyoung Ouk,Chung Eui Yup,Chae Chang Ho,Son Jun Seok,Shin Young Hoo,Park Seung Hyun,Choi Sang Moon 대한직업환경의학회 2023 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Background: Shift work has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) based on several evidences. The classic risk factors of CVD include age, hypertension, smoking, obesity and diabetes. Recently, the serum homocysteine level has been reported to be a valuable indicator of CVD risk. This study aimed to determine the variation in serum homocysteine level as a cardiovascular risk indicator among female workers according to shift work. Methods: The data of regular health examination of workers at an electronic manufacturing services company in Yeongnam region, South Korea in 2019 were examined in this study. The investigation was based on a cross-sectional study conducted on 697 female workers (199 day workers and 498 shift workers). The sociodemographic and biochemical characteristics were compared between day workers and shift workers. Through a logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of the increased serum homocysteine level in relation to shift work was determined. Results: Compared to female day workers, female shift workers showed significantly higher level of serum homocysteine (8.85 ± 2.16 vs. 9.42 ± 2.04 μmol/mL; p = 0.001). The OR of day workers against shift workers was 1.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25–2.63). With the adjustment of variables that may influence the level of serum homocysteine, the adjusted OR was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.09–2.60). Conclusions: The serum homocysteine level was significantly higher in shift workers than in day workers. It is thus likely to be a useful predictor of CVD in shift workers.

신자유주의시대 한국영화에 나타난 여성노동자 재현의 지형

박유희 한국여성문학학회 2016 여성문학연구 Vol.38 No.-

This study set out to examine the representation patterns of female workers in South Korean movies in the 2000s, shed light on their contemporary meanings in the context of Korean film history, and set a coordinate for movies about female workers. It was in process of economic modernization in the 1960s and 1970s that the number of female workers made rapid growth in the South Korean society. The representation patterns of female workers in the Korean film history are in line with the reality. The urban occupation groups became diverse in the process of industrialization in the 1960s and 1970s including housekeepers, bus conductors, taxi drivers, and hostesses, and they became new materials for movies and eventually led to the representation of female workers. In the wake of democratization in 1987, movies were made to depict labor-management conflicts from the perspective of working class including Guro Arirang and The Eve of a Strike. Even though the unique characteristics of female workers were not highlighted in those movies, they marked the appearance of female workers as members of working class. It was after the emergence of irregular female worker issues, which were caused by the increasingly complex layers and patterns of labor issues in the neo-liberalist flexibility of employment after the IMF foreign currency crisis, that movies started to address the issues of female workers in full scale. In addition, the production of documentaries became much easier thanks to the changing media paradigm of digital informatization and daily production of film, which led to the unprecedented increase of documentaries about female workers. The number of fiction film is, however, still small to address the issues of female workers from their own perspective. In spite of the small number, one cannot neglect the fact that the movies made in the 2000s showed clearly different patterns from their predecessors. Starting by asking why fiction film had limitations with the representation of female workers, this study examined the spectrum of innovation of conventions developed in movies about female workers in the 2000s and mapped the topography of representation of female workers in the South Korean movies in the decade. In analysis, the study focused on Another Family, which tracks the industrial accident suit filed by a former worker of Samsung Semiconductors after contracting leukemia, The Cart, which pictures the struggle of irregular workers at HomeEver, and Alice In Earnestland. which is a low-budget movie with a female worker as a single lead character. In that process, the study paid attention to the relations between documentaries, which made a mainstream in the film of female workers in the 2000s, and those movies and investigated their synchronic and diachronic meanings. 이 글은 2000년대 한국영화에 나타나는 여성노동자의 재현 양상을 고찰하여 한국영화사의 맥락에서 그 현재적 의미를 밝히고 신자유주의시대 여성노동자 영화의 좌표를 세워보려는 것이다. 한국사회에서 여성노동자가 급증한 것은 1960~70년대 경제 근대화 과정 속에서였다. 한국영화사에서 여성노동자를 재현하는 양상은 이러한 과정과 맥을 함께 한다. 1960~70년대에는 식모, 버스차장, 택시운전사, 호스티스 등 산업화 과정에서 다양해진 도시의 직업군이 영화의 새로운 소재가 되며 여성노동자의 재현이 이루어졌다. 그리고 1987년 민주화 이후에는 「구로아리랑」(박종원, 1989), 「파업전야」(장산곶매, 1990) 등 노동계급의 시각에서 노사갈등을 다루는 영화들이 나오게 된다. 이 영화들에서 여성노동자의 특수성이 부각되지는 않았지만 노동자 계급의 일원으로 여성노동자가 등장하게 된다. 여성노동자의 문제가 본격적으로 다루어지기 시작한 것은 IMF금융위기 이후 신자유주의적 고용유연화 속에서 노동문제의 층위와 양상이 복잡해지는 가운데 비정규직 여성노동자의 문제가 대두하면서부터였다. 게다가 디지털 정보화라는 매체 패러다임의 변화와 함께 영상 제작이 일상화되면서, 여성노동자를 다룬 다큐멘터리도 많이 나오게 된다. 그러나 여성노동자의 입장에서 여성노동자의 문제를 다루는 극영화 제작은 미미하다. 이제 노사문제를 다루는 것에 대한 정치적 검열은 약화되었다 해도 대중이 영화를 통해 어두운 현실의 문제를 새삼 목도하고 싶어 하지 않을 뿐만 아니라, 대중의 소구에 기민하게 반응하는 자본의 검열이 그러한 제재(題材)를 원치 않기 때문일 것이다. 따라서 2000년대 노동자, 더구나 여성노동자를 다룬 영화가 많지는 않지만, 이전의 영화와 다른 양상과 지형을 드러내고 있다는 것은 분명하다. 이에 이 글에서는 2000년대에 여성노동자를 다룬 영화들에서 전개되는 관습의 수용과 혁신의 스펙트럼을 통해 신자유주의시대 한국영화에 나타난 여성노동자 재현의 지형을 그려보려고 했다. 이를 위해 이 글에서는 삼성반도체 백혈병 노동자 산재 소송을 다룬 「또 하나의 약속」(김태윤, 2014), 홈에버 비정규직 노동자 투쟁을 다룬 「카트」(부지영, 2014), 여성노동자를 원톱 주인공으로 내세운 저예산영화 「성실한 나라의 앨리스」(안국진, 2014)를 중점적으로 분석하였다. 이 과정에서 2000년대 여성노동자 영화의 주류를 이루고 있는 다큐멘터리와 이 영화들에 나타나는 재현의 차이를 고려하고 제작자본의 성격과 영화 문법의 관계를 참조하였다. 그리고 이를 통해 이 영화들의 위상과 의미를 가늠하고, 그것을 좌표 삼아 향후 여성노동자 영화의 과제를 고민해보고자 했다.