무선 센서 네트워크 시스템을 이용한 실시간 저수지 댐의 상태평가 시스템

유찬호(Chanho Yoo),김승욱(Seungwook Kim),황정순(Jungsoon Hwang),나기혁(Gihyuk Na),유광호(Kwangho You) 한국지반환경공학회 2018 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.19 No.12

무선 센서 네트워크 시스템은 종래의 계측기술이 가지는 한계인 집중계측방법이 가지는 단점을 보완하여 시설물 전체의 거동을 확인할 수 있다는 장점으로 구조물의 안전진단 및 계측, 물 관리 시스템 그리고 댐 구조물에 대한 관리시스템에 까지 폭넓게 제안되고 있다. 그러나 계측과 동시에 시설물의 상태평가가 가능한 연구는 미진한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 기존의 기술적 단점을 개선하기 위하여 시설물의 거동을 파악함과 동시에 안전 등에 대한 상태평가가 가능하도록 무선 센서 네트워크 시스템을 제안하였다. 저수지 댐 시설에 대한 지반공학적 위험인자를 사전에 평가하고, 시설물의 파괴를 유발하는 인자에 대한 한계값을 설정함으로써 위험인자를 측정함과 동시에 인자별로 한계상태를 즉시 평가할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 저수지댐에 대한 표준단면을 이용하여 침투 및 비탈면 활동에 대한 수치해석을 수행하였고, 응력-간극수압 연동 유한차분 수치해석을 수행하여 저수지 댐 구조물에 대한 한계변위를 설정함으로써 즉시 상태평가가 가능하고 측정값을 이용해 회귀분석 함으로써 한계값에 도달하는 시간을 예측할 수 있음으로써 재난, 재해를 사전에 인지할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. The wireless sensor network system has the advantage of confirming the behavior of the entire facility by improving the disadvantages of conventional monitoring system. As a result, it is widely proposed as safety diagnosis and measurement of structures, water management systems, and management systems for dam structures. However, there is a lack of research that can evaluate the condition of facilities such as safety at the same time as monitoring. In this study, it is proposed a wireless sensor network system which can evaluate the behavior characteristics of facilities and evaluate the safety status for improving the technical disadvantages on conventional monitoring system. The geotechnical risk factors for the reservoir dam facility were evaluated and the limit values for the risk factors causing the failure of the facility were set. In other words, the system was set up so that the risk factors can be measured and the limit status can be evaluated immediately for each factor. In this study, numerical analysis is carried out for seepage and slope stability analysis using the typical cross section for reservoir dams. The stress-porewater coupling finite difference numerical analysis is performed for establishing the limit displacement for reservoir dam structures. It is developed a system that can estimate the time to reach the critical value by regression analysis using the measured datas.

Seismic analysis of dam-foundation-reservoir coupled system using direct coupling method

Mandal, Angshuman,Maity, Damodar Techno-Press 2019 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.8 No.5

This paper presents seismic analysis of concrete gravity dams considering soil-structure-fluid interaction. Displacement based plane strain finite element formulation is considered for the dam and foundation domain whereas pressure based finite element formulation is considered for the reservoir domain. A direct coupling method has been adopted to obtain the interaction effects among the dam, foundation and reservoir domain to obtain the dynamic responses of the dam. An efficient absorbing boundary condition has been implemented at the truncation surfaces of the foundation and reservoir domains. A parametric study has been carried out considering each domain separately and collectively based on natural frequencies, crest displacement and stress at the neck level of the dam body. The combined frequency of the entire coupled system is very less than that of the each individual sub-system. The crest displacement and neck level stresses of the dam shows prominent enhancement when coupling effect is taken into consideration. These outcomes suggest that a complete coupled analysis is necessary to obtain the actual responses of the concrete gravity dam. The developed methodology can easily be implemented in finite element code for analyzing the coupled problem to obtain the desired responses of the individual subdomains.

Water Length and Height Effects on the Earthquake Behavior of Arch Dam-Reservoir-Foundation Systems

Baris¸ Sevim,Ahmet Can Altuns¸ik,Alemdar Bayraktar,Mehmet Akköse,Yusuf Calayir 대한토목학회 2011 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.15 No.2

In this study, water length and height effects on the earthquake behavior of arch dam-reservoir-foundation systems are purposed. The study can be classified into two parts. In the first part, in order to obtain a realistic 3D arch dam-reservoir-foundation model,water length effects on the behavior of the arch dam systems are investigated. For this purpose a double curvature arch dam is modeled by forming four different water lengths related to dam Height (H) as H, 2H, 3H and 4H. Each model is analyzed in time domain and the realistic model is obtained according to the analyses results. In the second part, water height effects on the behavior of the arch dam system are investigated. The arch dam obtained from first part of the study is modeled by forming four different water heights related to dam Height (H) as 0H, 0.33H, 0.66H and H. The behavior of the dam, reservoir and foundation are expressed in terms of displacements using Lagrangian approach. The foundation is taken into account as massless; behavior of reservoir is assumed to be linearly elastic, inviscid and irrotational. In this study, all systems are modeled by ANSYS finite element program and analyses are performed using IMPVALL/I-ELC180 component of Imperial Valley (1940) earthquake. Dynamic equations of motions are solved by using Newmark integration algorithm. It is seen that both water length and height affect the earthquake behavior of the arch dams considerably.

발전용댐 이수능력 평가 연구(I): 북한강수계 개별 댐 및 댐군 용수공급능력 분석

정기문,최정욱,강두선,안정환,김태순 한국수자원학회 2022 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.55 No.7

Recently, uncertainty in predicting available water resources is gradually increasing due to climate change and extreme weather conditions. Social interest in water management such as flood and drought prevention is also increasing, and after the unification of water management implemented in 2018, domestic water management is facing a major turning point. As part of such strengthening of water management capabilities, various studies are being conducted to utilize a hydropower dam for flood control and water supply purposes, which was mainly operated for hydroelectric power generation. However, since the dam evaluation methods developed based on a multi-purpose dam are being applied to hydropower dams, an additional evaluation approach that can consider the characteristics of hydropower dams is required. In this study, a new water supply capacity evaluation method is presented in consideration of the operational characteristics of hydropower dams in terms of water supply, and a connected reservoir simulation method is proposed to evaluate the comprehensive water supply capacity of a dam group operating in a river basin. The presented method was applied to the hydropower dams located in the Bukhan River basin, and the results of the water supply yield of individual dams and multi-reservoir systems were compared and analyzed. In the future, the role of hydropower dams for water supply during drought is expected to become more important, and this study can be used for sustainable domestic water management research using hydropower dams. 최근 기후변화 및 기상이변 등으로 인해 가용 수자원 예측의 불확실성이 점차 커져가고 있다. 홍수 및 가뭄 예방 등 물관리에 대한 사회적 관심 또한 증가하고 있으며, 2018년 시행된 물관리일원화와 더불어 국내 물관리는 큰 전환점을 맞이하고 있다. 이러한 물관리 역량 강화의 일환으로, 과거 수력발전을 중심으로 운영되었던 발전용댐을 이·치수 목적으로 활용하기 위한 다양한 검토가 이루어지고 있다. 그러나, 주로 다목적댐을 대상으로 개발된 댐 평가 기법들이 발전용댐에 그대로 적용되고 있어, 발전용댐의 특성을 고려할 수 있는 추가적인 평가기법이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 저수지 운영모의 방법을 활용하여 이수 측면에서 발전용댐의 운영 특성을 고려한 댐별 용수공급능력 산정 방법을 새롭게 제시하였으며, 여러댐이 상하류에 걸쳐 운영되고 있는 조건에서 연계 댐군의 종합적인 용수공급능력을 평가할 수 있는 저수지 연결모의 방법을 제시하였다. 제시된 방법은 북한강수계 발전용댐을 대상으로 적용되었으며, 개별 댐의 용수공급능력 산정 결과와 댐군 연결모의를 통한 용수공급능력을 비교 분석하였다. 향후 발전용댐의 가뭄시 물 공급 역할은 더욱 중요해질 것으로 예상되며, 본 연구 결과는 발전용댐을 활용한 지속가능한 국내 물 관리 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

대청댐과 역조정지의 수질특성 비교

임봉수,김형진,권충진 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2007 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.11 No.-

This survey was accomplished to compare the characteristics of water quality and algae at the Daechung Dam with those at its regulating reservoir from the year 2003 to 2005. In the case of Daechung Dam, three sites, such as the area near dam body, the Mooneui intake station, and Chudong intake station, were selected averaged data were used for the comparison. The water quality of the Daechung Dam are an follows; temperature is from 4 to 25℃(average 15), pH is from 7.3 to 8.6(average 7.9), DO is from 5.7 to 13.0mg/L(average 9.9), BOD is from 0.7 to 1.7mg/L(average 1.1), COD is from 2.5 to 4.4mg/L (average 3.1), SS is from 1.1 to 9.8mg/L(average 3.2), total coliform is from 0 to 37MPN/100mL(average 11), total phosphorus is from 0.008 to 0.074mg/L(average 0.022) and total nitrogen is from 1.087 to 2.175mg/L(average 1.492). The water quality of regulating reservoir are an follows; temperature is from 1.0 to 24.0℃(average 13), pH is from 6.7 to 8.2(average 7.6), DO is from 5.9 to 13.2mg/L(average 9.2), BOD is from 0.3 to 1.8mg/L(average 0.8), COD is from 2.4 to 5.3mg/L(average 3.8), SS is from 1.2 to 50mg/L(average 9.0), total coliform is from 0 to 260MPN/100mL(average 56), total phosphorus is from 0.005 to 0.224mg/L(average 0.04) and total nitrogen is from 1.123 to 5.227mg/L (average 2.3). The water quality of regulating reservoir had been the Class Ⅱ raw water criteria ein years ago, but it has been improved to Class I recently. Whereas the water quality of the Daechung Dam has been maintained as Ⅱ except COD.

USN 기반 저수지(필댐) 붕괴 예보 기준 연구

최병한(Choi Byoung han),류지협(Ryu Ji hyeob),이백(Lee Baeg) 한국방재학회 2017 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.17 No.2

최근까지 저수지 등 국가 인프라 시설에 관한 재해예방을 위한 계측사업의 경우, 아직도 단순 DB구축에 그치고 있어 선제적인 재해예방을 위한 효율적 대안수립이 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구는 재해예방계측사업의 성과를 활용하고, 최신의 ICT 기술 기반인 Ubiquitous Sensing Network 개념의 재해예방사업 기술의 도약을 꾀하고자, 국내 저수지(Fill Dam) 붕괴예방에 최적화된 계측센서 표준과 이를 통한 조기 예보시스템 구축을 위한 관리기준 정립 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 통해 국내 저수지(Fill Dam)의 재해 예보 관리기준을 정립함으로써 선제적 저수지 재해예방 서비스 구축을 위한 관리기반 기술 표준안을 수립하였다. It is very difficult to plan the effective measure for disaster prevention in advance, because the present monitoring work using sensors for infrastructures in Korea are confined to just accumulating data only. The technical specifications of monitoring system on reservoirs(Fill Dam) are described which are specialized in Korea reservoir(Fill Dam) failure mode, and also, monitoring criteria for early warning system against to reservoir(Fill Dam) failure are studied in order to expend the application of accumulated data and introduce the Ubiquitous Sensing Network to the present monitoring work.

대청댐과 역조정지의 수질특성 비교

임봉수,김형진,권충진 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2007 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.11 No.-

This survey was accomplished to compare the characteristics of water quality and algae at the Daechung Dam with those at its regulating reservoir from the year 2003 to 2005. In the case of Daechung Dam, three sites, such as the area near dam body, the Mooneui intake station, and Chudong intake station, were selected averaged data were used for the comparison. The water quality of the Daechung Dam are an follows; temperature is from 4 to 25℃(average 15), pH is from 7.3 to 8.6(average 7.9), DO is from 5.7 to 13.0mg/L(average 9.9), BOD is from 0.7 to 1.7mg/L(average 1.1), COD is from 2.5 to 4.4mg/L (average 3.1), SS is from 1.1 to 9.8mg/L(average 3.2), total coliform is from 0 to 37MPN/100mL(average 11), total phosphorus is from 0.008 to 0.074mg/L(average 0.022) and total nitrogen is from 1.087 to 2.175mg/L(average 1.492). The water quality of regulating reservoir are an follows; temperature is from 1.0 to 24.0℃(average 13), pH is from 6.7 to 8.2(average 7.6), DO is from 5.9 to 13.2mg/L(average 9.2), BOD is from 0.3 to 1.8mg/L(average 0.8), COD is from 2.4 to 5.3mg/L(average 3.8), SS is from 1.2 to 50mg/L(average 9.0), total coliform is from 0 to 260MPN/100mL(average 56), total phosphorus is from 0.005 to 0.224mg/L(average 0.04) and total nitrogen is from 1.123 to 5.227mg/L (average 2.3). The water quality of regulating reservoir had been the Class Ⅱ raw water criteria ein years ago, but it has been improved to Class I recently. Whereas the water quality of the Daechung Dam has been maintained as Ⅱ except COD.

눌제의 역사지리

박승자(Seoung-Ja Park),이강원(Kang-Won Lee) 한국문화역사지리학회 2011 문화 역사 지리 Vol.23 No.1

눌제는 정읍시 고부면 관청리와 신흥리의 구릉지 사이를 연결한 옛 수리시설로 지금은 둑의 흔적만 남아있다. 이 논문은 옛 문헌과 지도 등에 대한 분석과 현지답사를 통하여 눌제의 변화과정을 살펴보고자 하였다. 눌제는 조선시대에 벽골제, 요교제(황등제)와 더불어‘三湖’또는‘湖南三大堤’의 하나로 알려져 있었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 눌제가 언제 처음 축조되었는지, 그리고 본래의 구조와 기능이 무엇이었는지는 분명치 않다. 현재로서 확인할 수 있는 것은 조선시대 이전에 처음 축조되었으며, 세종 1년 중수되었다가 세종 2년 궤결되었다는 점, 이후 궤결 상태에서 방치되어 있었고 둑 내부는 개답되었다는 점, 19세기 중반에는 고부천 하도에 소규모 보가 설치되어 있었다는 점 등이다. 20세기 초 고부수리조합에 의해 근대적 수리시설이 들어서고 경지정리가 이루어졌으며, 지금은 옛 둑의 흔적만 남아 있다. 조선 초 이전에 축조된 눌제나 세종 시기에 중수된 눌제는 저수 및 관개 기능을 수행하였으며, 위치나 해발고도에 비추어 백중사리 정도의 고조위 시기에 고부천 하도를 따라 올라오는 조수를 차단하는 정도의 방조기능을 겸했던 것으로 추정된다. 만들어진 둑은 교통로의 역할도 수행하였다. Nulje is an old dam located in Gobu-myeon, Jeongeup-city, Jeonlabuk-do. It had been known as a famous reservoir in Joseon dynasty. However, when it was built is not clear. Today on the basis of documents we assume that it was built in some period before Joseon dynasty. In the earlier period of King Sejong in Joseon dynasty, Nulje was rebuilt and was destroyed soon by flooding. After that time Nulje had been fallen to ruin, and the inner reservoir of Nulje had been developed as a reclamation paddy field. In the earlier Japanese colonial period, there were built the modern water conservancy facilities and irrigation systems by Gobu-surijohap(water utilization association) in Nulje area. This article tries to capture the historical change of Nulje through the documents, the maps and field trip.

Fluid-structure interaction system predicting both internal pore pressure and outside hydrodynamic pressure

Hadzalic, Emina,Ibrahimbegovic, Adnan,Dolarevic, Samir Techno-Press 2018 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.7 No.6

In this paper, we present a numerical model for fluid-structure interaction between structure built of porous media and acoustic fluid, which provides both pore pressure inside porous media and hydrodynamic pressures and hydrodynamic forces exerted on the upstream face of the structure in an unified manner and simplifies fluid-structure interaction problems. The first original feature of the proposed model concerns the structure built of saturated porous medium whose response is obtained with coupled discrete beam lattice model, which is based on Voronoi cell representation with cohesive links as linear elastic Timoshenko beam finite elements. The motion of the pore fluid is governed by Darcy's law, and the coupling between the solid phase and the pore fluid is introduced in the model through Biot's porous media theory. The pore pressure field is discretized with CST (Constant Strain Triangle) finite elements, which coincide with Delaunay triangles. By exploiting Hammer quadrature rule for numerical integration on CST elements, and duality property between Voronoi diagram and Delaunay triangulation, the numerical implementation of the coupling results with an additional pore pressure degree of freedom placed at each node of a Timoshenko beam finite element. The second original point of the model concerns the motion of the outside fluid which is modeled with mixed displacement/pressure based formulation. The chosen finite element representations of the structure response and the outside fluid motion ensures for the structure and fluid finite elements to be connected directly at the common nodes at the fluid-structure interface, because they share both the displacement and the pressure degrees of freedom. Numerical simulations presented in this paper show an excellent agreement between the numerically obtained results and the analytical solutions.

대청호와 하류하천 연속시스템의 2차원 수리,수질 모의

정용락 ( Yong Rak Jung ),정세웅 ( Se Woong Chung ),류인구 ( In Gu Ryu ),최정규 ( Jung Kyu Choi ) 한국물환경학회 2008 한국물환경학회지 Vol.24 No.5