금융소비자 권익을 위한 DSR 규제 개선 방향 - 자동차금융에 초점을 맞춰 -

이성복 ( Lee Sungbok ),태희 ( Tae Hee ) 한국금융소비자학회 2024 금융소비자연구 Vol.14 No.1

DSR 규제는 금융소비자의 합리적인 소비 평활화를 어렵게 할 뿐 아니라 금융소비자의 신규 대출을 직접적으로 제한하고 신규대출을 제때 받지 못하게 만든다. 더구나 DSR이 높을수록 더 좋은 조건의 신규대출을 받기 어렵게 만드는 등 금융소비자의 대출기회 차별을 심화한다. 따라서 DSR 규제는 금융소비자 권익을 저해하지 않도록 당초 목적에 맞게 재설계해야 한다. DSR 규제의 개선 방향을 제시하자면 다음과 같다. 첫째, DSR 규제를 현행대로 유지해야 한다면 동일행위-동일규제 원칙에 입각하여 규제 차이를 해소해야 한다. 둘째, 금융소비자의 권익이 DSR 규제로 저하되거나 금융소비자가 대출 기회를 차별받지 않도록 DSR 규제의 적용 범위를 조정해야 한다. 마지막으로, 해외에서처럼 DSR 규제를 거시건전성 감독수단의 하나로 주택담보대출에 초점을 맞춰 재설계해야 한다. Debt Service Ratio (DSR) regulations not only make it difficult for financial consumers to smooth out their rational consumption, but can also directly limit any types of new loan of financial consumers and make it impossible for them to take out new loans on time. Moreover, the higher DSR, the more difficult it is to borrow money from financial companies with better conditions, deepening discrimination in loan opportunities for financial consumers. Therefore, DSR regulations must be redesigned to suit their original purpose so as not to impede the rights and interests of financial consumers. The directions for correcting DSR regulations is as follows. First of all, if DSR regulations must be maintained as they are, the regulatory differences must be resolved based on the principle of same conduct, same regulation. Second, the scope of DSR regulations must be adjusted to ensure that the rights and interests of financial consumers are not diminished by DSR regulations or that financial consumers are not discriminated against in fair lending opportunities. Lastly, like overseas, DSR regulations should be redesigned to focus on retail mortgage loans as one of the macro-prudential supervisory measures.

자동차금융상품에 대한 소비자인지에 관한 연구

김나래(Na Rae Kim),정순희(Soon Hee Joung) 한국FP학회 2015 Financial Planning Review Vol.8 No.2

가계부채에 악영향을 미치는 금융상품들에 대한 관심이 높아지고, 금융시장에 대한 실태 조사와 금융소비자들의 피해를 줄이기 위한 다양한 개선방안이 제시되고 있음에도 불구하고, 유독 자동차금융에 대한 관심은 매우 낮은 상황이다. 학계에서도 자동차금융에 대한 연구가 미비한 상황이고, 소비자입장에서도 다른 대출금융상품에 비해 자동차금융에 대한 관심과 경계심이 적은 것이 사실이다. 그러나 자동차금융시장의 규모가 커지고 국내 금융시장에서 그 중요도가 나날이 높아지고 있는 만큼, 이에 따른 소비자의 피해사례도 증가하고 있다. 따라서 소비자들이 자동차금융상품을 어떻게 인지하고 어떤 경로로 정보탐색을 하는지, 자동차금융상품을 선택할 때 어떤 조건을 고려하는지에 대한 연구가 필요하여 본 연구에서는 소비자들의 자동차금융상품에 대한 인지상태를 세부적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 총체적으로 자동차금융상품에 대해 2명 중 1명은 알고 1명은 모르는 반반형태가 나타났으며 세부적인 인지에 있어서는 실제와는 다른 부정확성 등 취약성이 드러났다. 무엇보다도 자동차구매 시 가장 핵심정보라 할 수 있는 금리에 대해서 정확한 인지를 하고 있지 못했는데, 신차 자동차금융상품에 대한 예상금리를 실제금리와 유사하게 답변한 사람이 2명 중 1명에 불과하였고 예측금리를 실제금리보다 높게 응답하였다. 반면 실 금리가 높은 중고차의 경우는 신차와 유사한 금리를 예측하고 있어 금리에 대해 부정확한 인지상태를 나타냈다. 둘째, 이자율에 초점을 맞춤 인지의 경우, 소비자의 인구통계학적 특성 중 결혼여부, 연령, 대출경험유무, 자동차구매경험에 따라 중고차 예상금리와 예상연체이자율에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 마지막으로, 이자율을 제외한 제반 자동차금융상품에 대한 인지의 경우, 소비자의 인구사회적 특성에 따라 소비자의 인지에 유의한 차이가 있음이 발견되었다. There have been less attentions on the automobile financing package, compared to the other financing products among the variety of household debts. It is required to understand the way how consumers recognize the automobile financing package, such as which information channel they should search, and which criterion they should consider, when they choose the automobile financing package. The purpose of this study is to analyze the consumer’s cognition status regarding the automobile financing package. Data were collected from people over 20 years old and the final sample contained 307 samples. The major research results are as follows: First, in case of interest rate, there were significant differences in consumer’s cognition about expected future interest rate and default interest of the used car according to marital status and age, whether they had loan experience or not and whether they had car purchase experience or not. Second, there were significant differences in consumer’s cognition about various automobile financing packages according to socio-demographic characteristics.

대차원금 10만원 미만 소액대출 피해 대응을 위한 민법적 접근과 입법동향

김혜진 성균관대학교 법학연구원 2024 성균관법학 Vol.36 No.1

In Korea, The INTEREST LIMITATION ACT Article 2(5) dose not apply to small money loan of less than 100,000won, so There will be no interest limit on less than 100,000won principal money. Those who abused it may lend a small amout of less than 100,000won and take more than 1,000% of the annual loan. It should be punished by Interst limatation act, but it dose not applied, so they abuse Atricle2(5) it to steal high interest rates and enforces illegal debt collection. If the Act dose not change soon, we have use Civil Act article 103(Juristic Acts Contrary to Social Order) or article 750(Definition of Torts). For this, legislative discussions are being dealt with to remove Article2(5) and make lower the interest rate set at 25% per annual. And if someone made exceeds limit of interest rate, the entire contract must become null and void. In this paper, I would like to introduce the problems of Korea's INTEREST LIMITATION ACT and evaluate these legislation proposals.

서민금융정책의 목표와 과제

심지홍 ( Ji Hong Shim ) 한독경상학회 2010 경상논총 Vol.28 No.1

The Small-Loan Finance Market became improved by enforcement of the Consumer Loan Finance Law of 2002 and pushing ahead of the Small-Loan Finance Policy. However, the target of the Small-Loan Finance Policy is not clear. The government decreased the ceiling rate of the Consumer Loan Finance to reduce the ordinary people`s burden of interest. In result, the ordinary people, excluded from the Consumer Loan Finance Market, continues to grow, and the risk will increase for them to go to illegal business. It means the increase of the credit rationing and the expansion of the black market. It is impossible to eliminate the black market by the regulation of interest rates. Therefore, it might be better to focus on rooting out of the illegal business and care of the low-income bracket. The best way to root out the black market is an alternative finance institution like Micro-credit bank. However, it might cause a problem of moral hazard by increasing of applicants. That is the phenomenon of increasing credit delinquents, and it goes against the building of the trustworthy society. Thus, it needs the alternative finance institution that prohibits the moral hazard. The Small-Loan Finance Market is a place where the credit is transacted, and it is not easy to resolve the problem of the credit delinquents. Therefore, the Small-Loan Finance Policy should approach the long-term projects including the credit education, the credit information, and the credit-rating system than the short-term vision.

신용정보의 체계와 정책 이슈

황인덕 ( In Deok Hwang ) 한국금융정보학회 2013 금융정보연구 Vol.2 No.2

Systems on use and protection of credit information in Korea were introduced into legislation in January 5, 1995 in parallel with enactment of an act on use and protection of credit information. The systems have contributed to nurturing of credit information business, efficient use and systemic control of credit information, protection of the information owner, and enforcement of credit-related rules and regulations. However, issues have been raised to reform the systems as they apply very strict restrictions over use and provision of credit information. In addition, in spite of the regulation on concentration of public information, public agencies are passively providing public information. Moreover, even though it is plausible to share information about consumer loan finance companies as financial information from a perspective of an efficient financial market, it is not shared as of current. In order to enhance accuracy of credit rating model and improve access of those who are financially excluded to financial market, public information and information about consumer loan finance business shall be shared in practice. Additional legal supplementation is necessary in order to address the conflict of regulations as credit rating business is now regulated under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act instead of Use and Protection of Credit Information Act. For example, the assessment of credit exposure which is currently classified as core activity will be categorized as supplementary activity. In addition, change of credit rating business model or abolition of multiple rating system require thorough research and review for production of accurate credit rating information and protection of investors. Infrastructure regarding credit information of companies is relatively in its elementary stages since it lacks both quality and quantity of financial information. Against this backdrop, service must be advanced by facilitating distribution of information about companies, and aggressive investment is also necessary to this end.

자동차할부판매보증보험계약에서 주계약과 피보험자에 관한 연구 -서울고등법원 2011.7.12, 2010나67656 판결에 대한 비판-

박세민 한국경영법률학회 2012 經營法律 Vol.23 No.1

As regarding interpretation of the contents in the insurance policy, the motivation and background of the agreement, the final purpose of the agreement and the contract parties' true intention should be considered together. The main contract in a guarantee insurance is a legal relation- ship in which the policyholder of the guarantee insurance is liable to the insured for debts. A creditor in the main contract becomes the insured of the guarantee insurance and a debtor becomes the policyholder of the guarantee insurance contract. In this case, the main contract of the guarantee insurance is the contract for loan(consumer cash loan) between purchaser of the car and installment financing company(00 Life Insurance Company). At the same time, the insured of the guarantee insurance contract is the installment financing company who is in the position to shall suffer damage when a debtor fails to pay his debt. The conclusion of the Court in this case is wrong, considering the principles of general insurance and guarantee insurance contract.

중국 소비자금융 현황 및 미래발전에 대한 연구 (p.77-98)

제정조 한중경상학회 2011 한중경상연구 Vol.10 No.1