조직특성과 구성원 개인특성 변수가 지식집중도에 미치는 영향에 관한 다층분석

이동진(Dong-Jin Lee) 한국인사조직학회 2010 인사조직연구 Vol.18 No.3

산업사회에서 지식중심사회로의 전환은 지식의 중요성에 대한 사회구성원들의 개별적인 인식의 확대를 초래하였으며, 그와 동시에 조직과 조직 내 작업수행과정에서 지식의 중요성이 증가함에 따라서 지식기반조직에 대한 관심이 본격화되었다. 본 연구는 지식기반조직의 경영체계를 보다 명확히 하기 위해서 조직 내 작업의 지식집중성 척도인 지식집중도를 토대로 조직구조, 문화 등의 유형을 실증분석하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 표본조직들 사이에서 작업의 지식집중도 구성요인인 고객연계성, 협력성, 결과모호성 그리고 지식모호성 수준의 평균 모두가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 중 고객연계성과 협력성은 표본조직들의 구성원 개인특성 중 성별 또는 교육수준과의 회귀관계의 기울기에 체계적인 변동이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 지식집중도 구성요인 중 작업의 고객연계성과 협력성 수준은 변화·유연성을 강조하는 조직문화 유형을 갖는 조직이 그렇지 않은 조직에 비해서 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났으며, 조직구조와는 통계적인 유의성을 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는, 첫째, 지식집중도가 높은 작업수행은 조직형태보다는 변화·유연성을 강조하는 조직문화에 의해 뒷받침될 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. 둘째, 지식기반조직에서 문화를 강조하고 있는 많은 선행연구들에서의 주장들을 준거로 할 때 본 연구는 이동진(2008, 2009a)의 지식집중도의 법칙론적 타당화(nomological validation)의 일환으로 볼 수 있으며, 따라서 지식집중도가 보다 간명한 척도가 되기 위해서는 작업의 고객연계성과 협력성에 보다 초점을 둘 필요가 있다는 점을 시사한다. 따라서 향후연구에서는 본 연구의 실증결과와 연계하여 보다 간명하며 타당한 지식집중도 개발을 위한 노력이 지속적으로 전개되어야 할 것이며, 이와 동시에 척도의 타당화의 일환으로 지식집중도를 이용하여 변화·유연성을 강조하는 조직문화와 적합을 이루는 태도를 가지는 구성원들의 선발, 유기적 상호작용과 협력에 기초하며 집단학습을 강조하는 개발 및 보상체계 등과 같은 HR체계특성을 가설화하고 검정하는 등의 지식기반조직의 경영체계에 관한 실증연구가 포괄적이며 다층적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다. As the industrial society has moved to the post industrial society, and then to the knowledge society, intangible assets such as knowledge began to receive greater attention. Consequently, researches on knowledge management between and within organizations have flourished. This paper aims to explicate a management system of knowledge-based organization. Organizations as diverse as law and accounting firms, management consultancy companies, engineering consultancy companies, advertising agencies, research and development units, pharmaceuticals, and high tech companies are considered as typical knowledge intensive organizations. These knowledge-intensive organizations produce products and/or services, and often generate new and unique knowledge. Lee(2008, 2009a)’s empirically developed knowledge intensiveness of work in organizations is used to measure knowledge intensity in this paper. Knowledge intensiveness is a scale for knowledge intensity of work in organizations. We regard knowledge-based organizations as units performing knowledge intensive work. Three main characteristics of the knowledge intensive work are described in this paper. First, tasks in knowledge-based organization require expertise. Second, the core part of works are performed by experts with adequate skills. Last, as expertises include both formalized and informal knowledge, knowledge intensive works necessitate dialogues, consensuses, persuasions and negotiations which emphasize the importance of human and social relationship. Thus, knowledge intensive works also involve manipulating and orchestrating individuals’ thoughts and languages. We also classify components of knowledge ambiguity. Ambiguity of knowledge, ambiguity of its role in what is constructed as knowledge work and the ambiguity of the result of work outcome are classified based on ‘input→throughput→output’ order of knowledge intensive work. This classification of concepts in knowledge intensive work are focused on level of work units. Thus, in order to fit between level of theory, level of measurement, and level of analysis, we measure knowledge intensiveness of works based on performers, and perform statistical analysis at work level. Empirical results are discussed. The HLM procedure is a two stage strategy: First, the analysis shows that there was statistically significant variation in the mean of knowledge intensiveness, and in the slopes of client connectivity and collaboration at work across 48 organizations when regressed on gender and education in each organization. Second, the following step in the HLM analysis shows that the impact of culture on the levels of client connectivity and collaboration at work was stronger in organizations with flexible culture. Besides culture, industry impact on the levels of client connectivity and knowledge ambiguity at work, was weaker when organizations reported to traditional manufacture industry. These results have a few implication. First, client connectivity and collaboration of throughput in knowledge intensive work need to be scrutinized. Furthermore, acquiring both internal and statistical validity in other empirical settings is necessary for more parsimonious research and valid scale of knowledge intensity. Second, strong organizational culture must be supported by HRM systems such as employee selection system, development and compensation system which in turn drives an elevated knowledge intensiveness in organization. Multi-level analysis of relationship among knowledge intensiveness, employee attitudes toward uncertainty(ambiguity) at individual(work)level, and HR systems such as employee selection system, development and compensation system at organizational level could be one of the next research agenda.

의미연결망 분석을 통한 혁신행동 연구동향

김승곤,설현도 한국기업경영학회 2020 기업경영연구 Vol.27 No.6

본 연구는 의미연결망 분석을 통해 혁신행동 연구동향을 제시하였다. 국내에서 혁신행동은 지난 21년 동안 학술적으로 실무적으로 많은 관심을 받아 온 연구 주제이다. 그런데 아직 그 연구 내용과 결과가 종합적으로 정리된 바 없다. 혁신행동은 다의적이며, 다양한 학문 분야에서 접근하고 있다. 따라서 혁신행동이 어떠한 연구 개념들과 함께 연구되고 있는지 그 의미적 연관성을 이해할 때 혁신행동의 연구결과는 더 명확해질 수 있다. 1999년 1월부터 2019년 12월까지 한국학술지인용색인(KCI)에서 혁신행동을 주제로 연구된 논문을 596편 수집 하였으며, 이중 연구목적에 부적합한 40편을 제외한 556편을 연구대상으로 선정했다. 키워드 정제를 하여 743 개의 키워드를 추출하였으며, 혁신행동을 제외한, 3회 이상 출현빈도를 보인 124개의 키워드를 최종 분석대상 으로 선정했다. 의미연결망 분석은 특정 연구 분야에서 사용된 세부 개념 간의 상호관계에 기초하여 전체 연구 성과를 네트워크 형태로 요약 제시해줄 뿐 아니라 키워드 간의 상호연관성에 기초한 세부 연구영역을 도출해준 다. 의미연결망 분석의 세부 기법인 키워드 빈도분석, 연결중심성 분석 및 구조적 등위성에 의한 응집집단분석 을 시행하였다. 먼저 빈도분석 결과 조직몰입, 변혁적 리더십, 자기효능감, 직무열의, 셀프리더십의 순으로 빈도 가 높게 나타났다. 연결중심성 분석을 시행한 결과 조직몰입, 자기효능감, 조직지원인식, 셀프리더십의 순서로 연결중심성 지수가 높게 나타났다. 혁신행동 연구에서 중점 연구 개념은 조직몰입, 변혁적 리더십, 자기효능감 이라는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 콘커분석을 통해 8개 세부 연구영역을 도출하였으며 영역별 네트워크 분석을 실시하여 영역별 키워드 간 미시적 연결 관계를 바탕으로 세부적인 지식구조를 형성하고 있음을 발견하였다. 이상의 분석결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 혁신행동 연구동향 및 방법론에 대한 시사점을 제시하였으며, 향후 연구에서 해결해야 할 연구 과제와 방향을 제언하였다. This study presented research trends in innovative work behavior through semantic network analysis. Innovation work behavior is a research topic that has received a lot of academic and practical attention over the past 21 years in Korea. However, the research contents and results have not been comprehensively organized yet. Innovative work behavior is multidisciplinary, and studied in various academic fields, so the results of the study on innovative behavior may become clearer when identifying its semantic association with which research concepts are being studied. The semantic network analysis not only summarizes the overall research performance in the form of a network but also derives subordinate research fields based on the interrelationships between keywords used in specific research areas. Keyword frequency analysis, centrality degree analysis, and CONCOR analysis, which are the detailed technique of semantic network analysis were performed. As a result of frequency analysis and centrality degree analysis, key research concepts of innovative work behavior research were derived as organizational commitment, transformational leadership, self- efficacy and so on. From CONCOR analysis were eight subordinate research fields drived. By conducting network analysis on keywords by subordinate research field, detailed knowledge structure was identified. innovative work behavior is not conceptual or abstract, unlike creativity. It is expressed through visible actions, and the success or failure is clear. Specific examples of innovative behavior, studies of how they are applied to tasks, or field-oriented research trends were presented to enhance innovative work behavior at organizational sites.

워라밸 이슈 비교 분석: 한국과 미국

이소현,김민수,김희웅 한국정보시스템학회 2019 情報시스템硏究 Vol.28 No.2

Purpose This study collects the issues about work-life balance in Korea and United States and suggests the specific plans for work-life balance by the comparison and analysis. The objective of this study is to contribute to the improvement of people's life quality by understanding the concept of work-life balance that has become the issue recently and offering the detailed plans to be considered in respect of individual, corporate and governmental level for society of work-life balance. Design/methodology/approach This study collects work-life balance related issues through recruit sites in Korea and United States, compares and analyzes the collected data from the results of three text mining techniques such as LDA topic modeling, term frequency analysis and keyword extraction analysis. Findings According to the text mining results, this study shows that it is important to build corporate culture that support work-life balance in free organizational atmosphere especially in Korea. It also appears that there are the differences against whether work-life balance can be achieved and recognition and satisfaction about work-life balance along type of company or sort of working. In case of United States, it shows that it is important for them to work more efficiently by raising teamwork level among team members who work together as well as the role of the leaders who lead the teams in the organization. It is also significant for the company to provide their employees with the opportunity of education and training that enables them to improve their individual capability or skill. Furthermore, it suggests the roles of individuals, company and government and specific plans based on the analysis of text mining results in both countries.

초등학생 자녀를 둔 취업모의 일-가정 균형의 잠재전이분석: 일-가정 균형의 유형 및 유형 간 전이의 예측요인 검증을 중심으로

홍예지,Hong, Yea-Ji 대한가정학회 2021 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.59 No.2

The purpose of the study was to apply latent transition analysis to the work-family balance of working mothers with a child in elementary school by focusing on the effect of antecedents on both work-family balance typology and the transition between typologies. Data from 400 working mothers who participated in the eighth and eleventh waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children were used. The results can be summarized as follows. First, the latent profile analysis of working mothers whose children were in the first grade classified the work-family balance types as 'contradictory' or 'beneficial' and of working mothers whose children were in the fourth grade as 'conflictual', 'contradictory', 'high beneficial', 'low beneficial' or 'beneficial'. Second, working mothers whose work-family balance was 'contradictory' or 'beneficial' when their children were in the first grade mostly had, respectively, a 'low beneficial' or a 'high beneficial' balance when their children were in the fourth grade. Third, the probability of being classified into each type differed according to subjective happiness and marital conflict in the first grade, and marital conflict and social support in the fourth grade. Moreover, marital conflict and social support were significant in the transition between the types of work-family balance. The study showed that the types of work-family balance differed for each time point for individual working mothers. The study also highlighted the importance of parenting-related personal, family and social factors in determining the work-family balance type and transition between types.

일-가정 갈등 및 일-가정 향상 관련 변인 메타분석: 사회적 지지를 중심으로

윤민지,공현정,윤수란 한국문화및사회문제심리학회 2021 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 일-가정 갈등 및 일-가정 향상과 사회적 지지와의 관계를 파악하기 위해 2000년부터 2020년까지 국내에서 이루어진 연구 총 34편(학술지 논문 14편, 학위논문 20편)에 대해 메타분석을 실시하였다(N=17,530). 일-가정 갈등과 향상은 방향에 따라 일→가정, 가정→일, 구분하지 않음으로, 사회적 지지의 지지자원은 가정, 배우자, 조직, 상사, 동료, 구분하지 않음으로, 지지유형은 정서적, 도구적, 정보적, 평가적 지지로 나누어 하위집단분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 지지자원과 지지유형 모두 일-가정 갈등 및 향상과 유의한 관계를 보였으며, 지지자원에 따라 일→가정에서는 갈등과 향상 모두 상사가, 가정→일에서는 갈등에는 가정이, 향상에는 배우자가 가장 유의하였고, 지지유형은 일-가정 갈등에서 일→가정은 평가적, 정서적 순으로, 가정→일은 평가적 정보적 순으로 유의하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 시사점과 한계를 제시하고 추후 연구를 위한 방향을 제언하였다. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted on a total of 34 studies (14 academic papers, 20 dissertations in academic journals) conducted in Korea from 2000 to 2020 in order to understand the relationship between work-family conflict, work-family enhancement and social support. (N=17,530). Work-family conflict and work-family enhancement were used for analysis by dividing the direction into the case where the direction was not distinguished, the direction from work to home, and from home to work. The social support was divided into family, spouse, organization, supervisor, coworker, and not classified according to support resource, and a subgroup analysis was conducted. Depending on the type of support, a subgroup analysis was conducted by dividing into emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal support. As a result of the analysis, both support resources and types showed a significant relationship with work-family conflict and work-family enhancement. It was confirmed that the most significant relationship was changed according to each sub-factor and the direction of conflict and enhancement. Based on the above research results, the implications and limitations of this study were presented and directions for future research were suggested.

택배 배송 작업의 공정분석을 통한 인간공학적 접근 방안

이세정,진상은,장성록 한국안전학회 2024 한국안전학회지 Vol.39 No.1

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the logistics industry in Korea has rapidly been expanding, with offline demand concentrating on online platforms owing to the development of digital infrastructure. This has increased the workload of courier drivers considerably, along with labor intensity. A delivery driver died recently from overwork due to the continuous increase in delivery volume, which raises social concerns. Delivery drivers work long hours, (over 12 hours) and are greatly affected by weather conditions, such as snow, rain, heat waves, and cold waves. In addition, they lack a fixed workplace; perform atypical work handling workpieces of various sizes, weights, and shapes; and spend a large amount of time driving as part of their work. This work involves a high level of tension and requires attention and concentration. Despite the frequency of industrial accidents in the courier industry, studies on safety and health to quantitatively analyze and systematize the work of courier workers are very scarce. Therefore, to define the work process necessary for investigating the harmful factors in delivery service and the work analysis, this study conducted interviews and on-site surveys to analyze the unit work of the delivery service by targeting delivery workers. In other words, a framework of unit work for work analysis was presented to enable research and analysis by considering the aforementioned characteristics of the courier industry. The process was broadly divided into work, transport, storage, delay, and inspection. Work was divided into loading, sorting, unloading, and door subcategories, and transportation was divided into vehicle, cart, and walking subcategories as well as 10 small processes. Moreover, 22 unit works were again drawn by conducting field surveys and interviews. The risk of unit work derived from this study was ergonomically evaluated, and the ergonomic analysis revealed that uploading and transportation were the most dangerous. The results of this study could be used as basic data for preventing industrial accidents among courier workers, whose work has increased with the logistics volume and the development of the logistics industry.

워라밸(WLB) 및 일과 삶의 균형 키워드 분석연구: 유튜브(You Tube)를 통해서

강승우,김영재 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2019 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.43 No.2

In this study, we intend to analyze keyword networks centered on work-life balance with WLB through the record of videos and comments posted on YouTube, thus establishing a systematic research foundation between work and life. Using keywords "WLB" and "Work and Life Balance " for data collection, 8,681 keywords were used in 497 WLB video clips (December 2012) as of April 2019, and 9,982 keywords were used as work-life themes in 500 images. Using Net Miner 4.3, frequency analysis, centrality analysis, and keyword community analysis were performed. The main interest keywords and research topics of WLB's analysis and work-life videos first created keywords of happiness, society, exercise, individual, work, travel, hobby, company, culture, need, time and work. Second, the keywords shown through the analysis of "work and life" showed high importance by keywords such as work, time, balance, work, happiness, charging, life, health and effectiveness. Thus, in order to solve systemic problems and pursue happiness through proper tasks and financial rewards, further research is needed on practical measures to find out what Koreans think the WLB keyword has. Subsequent studies will require in-depth and advanced studies in platform configuration through prior studies through WLB keywords and paper draft analysis.

근거이론분석을 통한 일과 삶의 균형에 관한 연구 : 관광산업 종사원을 대상으로

김하얀 ( Hayan Kim ) 관광경영학회 2021 관광경영연구 Vol.101 No.-

This study aims a analyze the process on the work-life balance was studied through grounded theory analysis for employees engaged in the tourism industry. For this, it interviewed a total of 20 hotel workers, casino workers, and restaurant workers and through open coding, the major concepts of work-life balance were ultimately drawn out into 163 concepts, 42 subcategories, and 16 categories. Also, a paradigm model that is the analytical frame of axial coding was applied and each category that was drawn from the data was structuralized using central phenomena, causal factors, contextual factors, moderating factors, interaction strategies, and results and their connecting relationships were analyzed. As a result, a paradigm model of work-life balance was presented and based on the paradigm model, attributes and dimensions of each category were classified. Finally, through the derivation and elaboration of the core categories, the core category for work-life balance in this study was summarized as 'Efforts to realize each goal based on the balance of family life'. An understanding of work-life balance and efforts to balance work-life through work-family balance, work-leisure balance, and work-growth balance were studied. Through this study, the purpose of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the practical support system of employees, and through this, the purpose of presenting data so that the tourism industry can guide the work-life balance support system in a desirable direction.

초등학생 자녀를 둔 취업모의 일-가정 균형의 잠재전이분석: 일-가정 균형의 유형 및 유형 간 전이의 예측요인 검증을 중심으로

홍예지 ( Yea-ji Hong ) 대한가정학회 2021 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.59 No.2

The purpose of the study was to apply latent transition analysis to the work-family balance of working mothers with a child in elementary school by focusing on the effect of antecedents on both work-family balance typology and the transition between typologies. Data from 400 working mothers who participated in the eighth and eleventh waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children were used. The results can be summarized as follows. First, the latent profile analysis of working mothers whose children were in the first grade classified the work-family balance types as ‘contradictory’ or ‘beneficial’ and of working mothers whose children were in the fourth grade as ‘conflictual’, ‘contradictory’, ‘high beneficial’, ‘low beneficial’ or ‘beneficial’. Second, working mothers whose work-family balance was ‘contradictory’ or ‘beneficial’ when their children were in the first grade mostly had, respectively, a ‘low beneficial’ or a ‘high beneficial’ balance when their children were in the fourth grade. Third, the probability of being classified into each type differed according to subjective happiness and marital conflict in the first grade, and marital conflict and social support in the fourth grade. Moreover, marital conflict and social support were significant in the transition between the types of work-family balance. The study showed that the types of work-family balance differed for each time point for individual working mothers. The study also highlighted the importance of parenting-related personal, family and social factors in determining the work-family balance type and transition between types.

미취학 자녀를 둔 여성근로자의 직장-가정 적합성: 잠재프로파일분석을 통한 유형분류

이정은 한국가족학회 2012 가족과 문화 Vol.24 No.1

This study aims to explore how working mother's cognitive assessments of work and family resources cluster together in patterned ways. Latent Profile Analysis(LPA) was used to determine the underlying types of work-family fit, based on 7 dimensions, including job security, income adequacy, work control, family-friendly workplace culture, childcare control,emotional family support, and instrumental family support, Questionnaires were administered to 12 preschools in Seoul and Kyunggi areas, and the data was collected from 376 working mothers of preschoolers. The comprehensive socio-economic rage of working mothers were included in the sample. Using LPA, five distinct multivariate profiles of work-family fit were identified: poor fit(7.2%), low fit(45.2%), moderate fit(13.8%), good fit(16.0%), and optimal fit(17.8%). Based on the research findings, this study suggests practical implications for working mothers, including flexible work programs, family-supportive culture, childcare service in the community, husbands’ participation in childrearing and domestic duties. Also,political implications that might provide help to working mothers with poor resources, by work-family fit subgroups were discussed. 본 연구의 목적은 미취학 자녀를 둔 여성근로자의 일가정양립을 위해 필요한 직장 및 가정 영역에서의 자원의 결합 형태에 따라 직장-가정 적합성의 차이를 살펴보는 데 있다. 기존연구에서 소홀히 다뤄졌던 저소득층을 포함하여 국공립어린이집에 다니는 미취학자녀를 둔여성근로자 376명을 대상으로 한다. 직장-가정 적합성을 구성하는 총 7개의 변수-직무안정성, 소득적절성, 직무통제, 가족친화적 조직문화, 양육통제, 가족의 정서적 지지, 가족의도구적 지지-를 투입하여 관찰대상 중심적 접근방법인 잠재프로파일분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 직장-가정 적합성이 가장 낮은 수준부터 최적의 수준까지 직장-가정 적합성을 보이는5개의 잠재유형이 확인되었고, 각 유형 집단별 구성원의 속성을 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로여성근로자의 일가정양립을 증진시키기 위한 일반적 방안과 집단별 차별적 접근 등 정책적제언을 제시하였다.