Comparison Between Performance of a Sound-Triggered Measurement and an Amplitude-Triggered Measurement in Shaking Table Tests

마푼과나 시부시시웨,이종호,윤성원,Mapungwana, S.T.,Lee, Jong-Ho,Yoon, Sung-Won Korean Association for Spatial Structures 2019 한국공간구조논문집 Vol.19 No.1

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensors have been widely used in Structural Health Monitoring due to their convenience and lower costs in comparison to conventional sensors. Triggered measurements are relevant in events such as earthquakes because unlike continuous measurements, they only record the structural response once an event happens. This is more cost effective and it makes the data more manageable because only the required measurements from the event are recorded. The most common method of triggering is amplitude triggering. However, lower input amplitudes (less than 0.1g) cannot be triggered by using this method. In this paper, sound triggering was introduced to allow triggered measurements for lower input amplitude values. The performance of the sound triggering and amplitude triggering were compared by a series of shaking-table tests. It was seen that sound-triggering method has a wider frequency (0.5~10Hz) and amplitude (0.01~1.0g) range of measurements. In addition, the sound triggering method performs better than the amplitude triggering method at lower amplitudes. The performance of the amplitude triggering, in terms of the triggering being simultaneous improves at higher input amplitudes.

Comparison Between Performance of a Sound-Triggered Measurement and an Amplitude-Triggered Measurement in Shaking Table Tests

마푼과나 시부시시웨,이종호,윤성원 한국공간구조학회 2019 한국공간구조학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensors have been widely used in Structural Health Monitoring due to their convenience and lower costs in comparison to conventional sensors. Triggered measurements are relevant in events such as earthquakes because unlike continuous measurements, they only record the structural response once an event happens. This is more cost effective and it makes the data more manageable because only the required measurements from the event are recorded. The most common method of triggering is amplitude triggering. However, lower input amplitudes (less than 0.1g) cannot be triggered by using this method. In this paper, sound triggering was introduced to allow triggered measurements for lower input amplitude values. The performance of the sound triggering and amplitude triggering were compared by a series of shaking- table tests. It was seen that sound- triggering method has a wider frequency (0.5~10Hz) and amplitude (0.01~1.0g) range of measurements. In addition, the sound triggering method performs better than the amplitude triggering method at lower amplitudes. The performance of the amplitude triggering, in terms of the triggering being simultaneous improves at higher input amplitudes.

Dual trigger with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin improves the outcome of intrauterine insemination

Binarwan Halim,Hilma Putri Lubis 대한산부인과학회 2022 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.65 No.2

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dual trigger, which is a combination of gonadotropinreleasingagonist (GnRH-a) and recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the final oocyte maturation, inthe outcome of intrauterine insemination (IUI). MethodsThis retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2016 to October 2018 and involved 639 IUI cyclesat the Halim Fertility Center, Indonesia. Controlled ovarian stimulation was performed during IUI cycles. The ovulationtriggers were divided into two groups: group I received a combination of GnRH-a and recombinant hCG as a dualtrigger, and group II received only recombinant hCG as a single trigger. The baseline characteristics, cycle parameters,and IUI outcomes of both groups were compared. ResultsOur study included a total of 639 IUI cycles, 334 were in the dual trigger group and 305 in the single trigger group. The clinical pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the dual trigger group than in the single trigger group(P<0.001). Based on the multivariate analysis, the dual trigger increased the clinical pregnancy rate by 2.524 timesthan that by the single trigger. ConclusionOur data showed that the dual trigger combination of GnRH-a and recombinant hCG significantly improves theoutcome of intrauterine insemination.

TROI 실험에서 외부기폭에 의한 증기폭발

김종환(Jong-Hwan KIM),박익규(Ik-Kyu PARK),홍성완(Seong-Wan HONG),민병태(Beong-Tae MIN),김환열(Hwan-Yeol KIM),송진호(Jin-Ho SONG),김희동(Hee-Dong KIM) 대한기계학회 2005 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2005 No.5

A steam explosion resulting from an interaction between molten material and coolant generates destructive pressure waves to threaten the integrity of the surrounding structures. It could occur not only spontaneously, but also externally by external triggering factors. In order to study this phenomenon in the core melt accident in nuclear reactors, an external trigger was applied to the TROI steam explosion experiment. The external trigger led to triggered steam explosions, as it was applied before a possible triggering of a spontaneous steam explosion. In this paper, both a spontaneous steam explosion test and triggered steam explosion tests using an external trigger are described. An explosive (PETN 1g) was used as the external trigger. From these triggered steam explosion tests, molten reactor material (corium) of various compositions led to triggered steam explosions even with the corium of spontaneously non-explosive corium. So, the triggered steam explosion should be considered in the design of the nuclear reactors.

텍스트 마이닝을 이용한 감정 유발 요인‘Emotion Trigger’에 관한 연구

안주영,배정환,한남기,송민 한국지능정보시스템학회 2015 지능정보연구 Vol.21 No.2

The explosion of social media data has led to apply text–mining techniques to analyze big social media data in a more rigorous manner. Even if social media text analysis algorithms were improved, previous approaches to social media text analysis have some limitations. In the field of sentiment analysis of social media written in Korean, there are two typical approaches. One is the linguistic approach using machine learning, which is the most common approach. Some studies have been conducted by adding grammatical factors to feature sets for training classification model. The other approach adopts the semantic analysis method to sentiment analysis, but this approach is mainly applied to English texts. To overcome these limitations, this study applies the Word2Vec algorithm which is an extension of the neural network algorithms to deal with more extensive semantic features that were underestimated in existing sentiment analysis. The result from adopting the Word2Vec algorithm is compared to the result from co-occurrence analysis to identify the difference between two approaches. The results show that the distribution related word extracted by Word2Vec algorithm in that the words represent some emotion about the keyword used are three times more than extracted by co-occurrence analysis. The reason of the difference between two results comes from Word2Vec’s semantic features vectorization. Therefore, it is possible to say that Word2Vec algorithm is able to catch the hidden related words which have not been found in traditional analysis. In addition, Part Of Speech (POS) tagging for Korean is used to detect adjective as "emotional word" in Korean. In addition, the emotion words extracted from the text are converted into word vector by the Word2Vec algorithm to find related words. Among these related words, noun words are selected because each word of them would have causal relationship with “emotional word” in the sentence. The process of extracting these trigger factor of emotional word is named “Emotion Trigger” in this study. As a case study, the datasets used in the study are collected by searching using three keywords: professor, prosecutor, and doctor in that these keywords contain rich public emotion and opinion. Advanced data collecting was conducted to select secondary keywords for data gathering. The secondary keywords for each keyword used to gather the data to be used in actual analysis are followed: Professor (sexual assault, misappropriation of research money, recruitment irregularities, polifessor), Doctor (Shin hae-chul sky hospital, drinking and plastic surgery, rebate) Prosecutor (lewd behavior, sponsor). The size of the text data is about to 100,000(Professor: 25720, Doctor: 35110, Prosecutor: 43225) and the data are gathered from news, blog, and twitter to reflect various level of public emotion into text data analysis. As a visualization method, Gephi (http://gephi.github.io) was used and every program used in text processing and analysis are java coding. The contributions of this study are as follows: First, different approaches for sentiment analysis are integrated to overcome the limitations of existing approaches. Secondly, finding Emotion Trigger can detect the hidden connections to public emotion which existing method cannot detect. Finally, the approach used in this study could be generalized regardless of types of text data. The limitation of this study is that it is hard to say the word extracted by Emotion Trigger processing has significantly causal relationship with emotional word in a sentence. The future study will be conducted to clarify the causal relationship between emotional words and the words extracted by Emotion Trigger by comparing with the relationships manually tagged. Furthermore, the text data used in Emotion Trigger are twitter, so the data have a number of distinct features which we did not deal with in this study. These features will be considered in further study. 최근 소셜 미디어의 사용이 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라 이용자가 직접 생성하는 방대한 데이터를 분석하기 위한 다양한 텍스트 마이닝(text mining) 기법들에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 이에 따라 텍스트 분석을 위한 알고리듬(algorithm)의 정확도와 수준 역시 높아지고 있으나, 특히 감성 분석(sentimental analysis)의 영역에서 언어의 문법적 요소만을 적용하는데 그쳐 화용론적·의미론적 요소를 고려하지 못한다는 한계를 지닌다. 본 연구는 이러한 한계를 보완하기 위해 기존의 알고리듬 보다 의미 자질을 폭 넓게 고려할 수 있는 Word2Vec 기법을 적용하였다. 또한 한국어 품사 중 형용사를 감정을 표현하는 ‘감정어휘’로 분류하고, Word2Vec 모델을 통해 추출된 감정어휘의 연관어 중 명사를 해당 감정을 유발하는 요인이라고 정의하여 이 전체 과정을 ‘Emotion Trigger'라 명명하였다. 본 연구는 사례 연구(case study)로 사회적 이슈가 된 세 직업군(교수, 검사, 의사)의 특정 사건들을 연구 대상으로 선정하고, 이 사건들에 대한 대중들의 인식에 대해 분석하고자 한다. 특정 사건들에 대한 일반 여론과 직접적으로 표출된 개인 의견 모두를 고려하기 위하여 뉴스(news), 블로그(blog), 트위터(twitter)를 데이터 수집 대상으로 선정하였고, 수집된 데이터는 유의미한 연구 결과를 보여줄 수 있을 정도로 그 규모가 크며, 추후 다양한 연구가 가능한 시계열(time series) 데이터이다. 본 연구의 의의는 키워드(keyword)간의 관계를 밝힘에 있어, 기존 감성 분석의 한계를 극복하기 위해 Word2Vec 기법을 적용하여 의미론적 요소를 결합했다는 점이다. 그 과정에서 감정을 유발하는 Emotion Trigger를 찾아낼 수 있었으며, 이는 사회적 이슈에 대한 일반 대중의 반응을 파악하고, 그 원인을 찾아 사회적 문제를 해결하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

Combined Electrocardiography- and RespiratoryTriggered CT of the Lung to Reduce Respiratory Misregistration Artifacts between Imaging Slabs in Free-Breathing Children: Initial Experience

구현우,Thomas Allmendinger 대한영상의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.18 No.5

Objective: Cardiac and respiratory motion artifacts degrade the image quality of lung CT in free-breathing children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined electrocardiography (ECG) and respiratory triggering on respiratory misregistration artifacts on lung CT in free-breathing children. Materials and Methods: In total, 15 children (median age 19 months, range 6 months–8 years; 7 boys), who underwent freebreathing ECG-triggered lung CT with and without respiratory-triggering were included. A pressure-sensing belt of a respiratory gating system was used to obtain the respiratory signal. The degree of respiratory misregistration artifacts between imaging slabs was graded on a 4-point scale (1, excellent image quality) on coronal and sagittal images and compared between ECGtriggered lung CT studies with and without respiratory triggering. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Lung CT with combined ECG and respiratory triggering showed significantly less respiratory misregistration artifacts than lung CT with ECG triggering only (1.1 ± 0.4 vs. 2.2 ± 1.0, p = 0.003). Conclusion: Additional respiratory-triggering reduces respiratory misregistration artifacts on ECG-triggered lung CT in freebreathing children.

방아쇠 무지에서 부가적 활차의 치험 2례

위서영,김철한,Wee, Seo-Young,Kim, Chul-Han 대한성형외과학회 2010 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.37 No.2

Purpose: Pediatric trigger thumb is a condition of flexion deformity of the interphalangeal (IP) joint. The known surgical treatment is the release of the flexor pollicis longus by transection of the A1 pulley. We report two cases of pediatric trigger thumb that were resolved by releasing of additional pulley as well as A1 pulley. Methods: From March 2006 to April 2008, a total of 10 children with trigger thumb were operated. In two cases, transection of only the A1 pulley was insufficient to relieve the triggering. When more distally dissection, we found an additional pulley. After release of the additional pulley, the full extension of IP joint is obtained. Results: There were no significant complications. In 8 cases, the trigger thumbs were resolved by transecting only the A1 pulley, does not extend beyond the base of the proximal phalanx. In one case, the additional pulley was found to be more distal to the A1 pulley. It was necessary to extend the release up to the half in the proximal phalangeal shaft. In other case, the additional pulley was immediately adjacent to the A1 pulley. Conclusion: In most cases of trigger thumb, division of just A1 pulley is sufficient to relieve the triggering. However, dividing the A1 pulley in two patients proved to be insufficient to relieve the flexed deformity. In these cases, we found that the additional pulley, different from previous known A1 pulley, had existed, which must be transected to allow full excursion of flexor pollicis longus.

Study on Protective Relay Operation in a Power Distribution System with a Trigger-Type SFCL Using Twice Triggering Operations

임성훈,김진석 한국전기전자재료학회 2018 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.19 No.2

This paper proposes a trigger type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL), which consists of a switch, two superconductingmodules, and two series connected current limiting resistances (CLRs), using twice triggering operations. Thesuggested trigger type SFCL has twice the triggering operations according to the amplitude of the fault current. However,these operations are thought to aff ect the operation of the protective relay in a power distribution system. According to thefault conditions that aff ect the operation of the protective relay in a power distribution system, the fault location was selected. With two representative fault locations, the fault current limiting and the bus-voltage sag suppressing characteristics in apower distribution system with the suggested SFCL were analyzed. For comparative studies, the operation of the protectiverelay due to the conventional trigger type SFCL using one CLR was additionally described.

복합한방치료로 호전된 방아쇠 무지증 환자 증례보고

이지인,송호섭 대한침구의학회 2015 대한침구의학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report a case of patient with trigger thumb which improved by Meridian Tendino-musculature Acupuncture therapy, Moxubustion and Bee-Venom pharmacoacupuncture. Methods : In this study, we have conducted Meridian Tendi-musculature Acupuncture therapy, Bee-Venom Pharmacopuncture and Moxibustion treatment, on the basis of anatomical structure on the patient who was diagnosed of trigger thumb with pain, edema and motional restriction of the thumb. Furthermore, Electroacupuncture had been implemented with acupuncture therapy, and also passive exercise therapy had been conducted before and after the treatment to enhance the effect. The patient was assessed for trigger thumb-related symptoms by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and Quinnell's Classification of triggering. Results : Quinnell’s triggering grade & VAS score had decreased considerably after 18 sessions of treatment. Conclusions : It can be deducted that symptoms of Trigger thumb could be improved by Meridian Tendino-musculature Acupuncture therapy, Moxibustion and Bee Venom Pharmacopuncture treatment.

트리거(trigger)를 통한 ASMR 콘텐츠 양상

박세은(Se-Eun Park) 경희대학교 K-컬처·스토리콘텐츠연구소 2023 스토리콘텐츠 Vol.- No.3

SNS가 대중화되고 1인 미디어 시장이 커지면서, 과거에 존재하지 않았던 새로운 내용과 형식의 콘텐츠가 생겨났다. ‘ASMR’이 그 대표적인 사례다. ASMR은 자극 기제인 ‘트리거(trigger)’에 의해 특정 신체 부위에 짜릿함을 느끼거나 심리적으로 쾌감은 느끼는 ‘팅글(tingle)’을 느끼게 하는 것으로, 설명하기 어렵지만 기분 좋은 느낌으로 이해되기도 한다. 약 10년 전만 해도 국내에 생소했던 ASMR은 현재 해외는 물론 국내에서도 대중적인 콘텐츠로 자리잡았다. 그러나 국내에서 ASMR을 제재로 하는 선행 연구의 대다수는 수용자의 효과나 반응, 시청 동기 그리고 광고계에서의 활용을 분석하는 연구에 한정해 있다. 본 고는 ASMR 영상물을 기초 자료로 삼고 접근하여, 제작 방식을 유형화하고자 한다. 트리거의 종류를 세분화하여 살펴보고, 영상 내 서사 유무(有無), 수용자의 시점(視點), 녹음의 시점(時點) 등을 토대로 ASMR 영상을 분석할 수 있는 틀을 마련할 것이다. 또한 이 제작 유형 틀을 이용하여 국내에서 인기를 끈 ASMR 영상을 분석한 후 시사하는 바를 도출하였다. 국내 ASMR 인기 콘텐츠는 사물 소리와 토킹 사운드를 주된 트리거로 사용하는 경향을 많이 보였고, 한 가지 트리거를 사용하지 않고 복합적인 트리거를 이용하였다. 또한 서사가 없는 현실적인 유형의 콘텐츠보다, 현실 모방 상황극이나 판타지 상황극의 수가 비율상 우세하였다. 본 연구가 ASMR을 이용할 다양한 분야는 물론, 관련 후속 연구에 다양한 관심을 촉발할 수 있기를 기대한다. As SNS became popular and the single-person media market grew, new contents and forms of content that did not exist in the past were created. ASMR is a case in point. ASMR is a “tingle” that feels thrilling or psychologically pleasant in a specific body part by the stimulation mechanism “trigger,” which is difficult to explain, but it is also understood as a pleasant feeling. ASMR, which was unfamiliar to Korea about 10 years ago, has now become a popular content not only abroad but also in Korea. However, the majority of previous studies that sanction ASMR in Korea are limited to studies that analyze the effects or reactions of audiences, viewing motivation, and use in the advertising industry. This paper aims to categorize the production method by using ASMR videos as basic data. The types of triggers will be subdivided and examined, and a framework will be established to analyze ASMR images based on the presence or absence of narratives in the video, the audience's point of view, and the time of recording. In addition, after analyzing ASMR videos that became popular in Korea using this production type framework, implications were derived. Popular ASMR content in Korea tended to use object sounds and talking sounds as the main triggers, and complex triggers were used without using one trigger. In addition, the number of reality imitation situations or fantasy situations was dominant in proportion over realistic types of content without narratives. It is expected that this study will spark various interests in related follow-up studies as well as various fields that will use ASMR.