아민기 개질 탄소를 이용한 이산화탄소 분리 특성

차왕석(Wang Seog Cha),임병준(Byeong Jun Lim),김준수(Jun Su Kim),이성연(Sung Youn Lee),박태준(Tae Jun Park),장현태(Hyun Tae Jang) 한국산학기술학회 2021 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.22 No.4

새로운 이산화탄소 분리용 흡착제 개발은 흡착속도, 소수성, 상용 흡착제보다 낮은 재생온도 등을 고려하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 CO2를 분리하기 위하여 아미노실란이 그라프팅된 활성탄을 합성하였다. 아민 작용기 전구체로 methyltrimethoxysilane(MTMS) and 3-Aminopropyl-triethoxysilane(APTES)을 사용하여 그라프팅하였다. APTES를 그라프팅 활성탄이 MTMS을 사용한 것보다 우수한 흡착 특성을 나타내었다. 온도 및 이산화탄소 분압에 따른 흡착 특성으로 이산화탄소 분리 메커니즘을 규명하였다. 이산화탄소의 흡수/흡착능은 25 ℃에서 아민 그라프팅 활성탄과 활성탄과 비슷하지만 아민 그라프팅 활성탄이 75 ℃에서 더 높게 나타났다. 아민 작용기 그라프팅 활성탄은 이산화탄소 분압이 1 % 인 조건에서 활성탄보다 더 우수한 흡수능을 나타내었다. 아미노실란 그라프팅 활성탄은 물리적 흡착 특성을 지닌 화학적 흡수 메카니즘을 나타내었다. 아민 작용기가 부여되어 개질된 고체상 흡수/흡착제는 이산화탄소 흡착/흡수 공정만 아닌 재료 관련 산업에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있는 고성능 복합 재료이며, 개발된 흡착제는 흡수/흡착 및 분리 관련 산업 공정에 적용될 수 있다. The development of a new sorbent for carbon dioxide depends on several factors, such as fast adsorption/absorption velocity, hydrophobicity, and lower regeneration temperature than commercial sorbent. In this study, aminosilane grafted activated carbon was synthesized to capture CO2. Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES) were used as the grafting precursor of the amine functional group. The APTES grafting activated carbon showed higher sorption property than MTMS used one. The characteristics of the separation mechanism of carbon dioxide were examined by measuring the adsorption capacity according to temperature and carbon dioxide partial pressure. The absorption capacity of carbon dioxide was similar to amine grafting activated carbon and activated carbon at 25℃, but amine-grafted activated carbon was higher at 75℃. The amine functional group-grafted activated carbon showed higher absorption capacity than activated carbon with a 1% carbon dioxide partial pressure. Aminosilane grafting of activated carbon was chemically absorbed but also showed the characteristics of physical adsorption. The reforming activated carbon with an amine functional group grafted solid absorption/adsorption sorbent would significantly impact the material engineering industry and carbon dioxide adsorption process. The functionalized sorbent is a high-performance composite material. The developed sorbent may have applications in other industrial processes of absorption/adsorption and separation.

Novel nano-Fe3O4-encapsulated-dioctylphthalate and linked-triethylenetetramine sorbents for magnetic solid phase removal of heavy metals

Mohamed E. Mahmoud,Amr A. Yakout,Kholoud H. Hamza,Maher M. Osman 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.25 No.-

A simple and solvent-free method is proposed for synthesis of novel magnetic nano-sorbents. Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) was used to encapsulate nano-Fe3O4 and produce a nano-Fe3O4-DOP sorbent. This was treated with triethylenetetramine (TETA) in another solvent-free procedure for the formation of a novel nano-Fe3O4-DOP-TETA. The synthesized nano-sorbents were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, SEM and HRTEM (3.0–12.0 nm). The magnetic solid phase sorption characteristics were studied and optimized. The potential applications of these magnetic solid phase extractors for removal of Ni(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from drinking tap water, industrial wastewater and sea water samples were accomplished using a multi-stage micro-column technique

Evaluation of various clean-up sorbents in kale followed by LC-MS/MS analysis of pesticides

정영성,송노을,최지연,황선혜,구민선,남태규 한국식품과학회 2022 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.31 No.7

Chlorophyll-rich samples, such as kale, interfere with the analysis of residual pesticides and adversely affect the integrity of tandem mass spectrometers. Dispersed solid-phase (d-SPE) extraction using graphitized carbon black effectively removes pigments from kale extracts; however, it also reduces the recoveries of 30 pesticides. To overcome this, alternative sorbents, including ENVI-Carb, ChloroFiltr, and Z-Sep+, were evaluated in this study. A sorbent combination based on 50 mg of Z-Sep+ was most advantageous (21/30), good precision (< 15%), excellent pigment removal capacity, and low matrix effect. The limit of quantification (0.0001–0.0040 mg/kg) was lower than the Korean maximum residue limits levels. The proposed method was validated according to international guidelines and applied to real kale samples. The results demonstrated that d-SPE using Z-Sep+ provides an effective strategy for ensuring mass spectrometry system integrity and improving the analytical accuracy in chlorophyll-rich samples. This is a previ

연속공정에서 고체흡수제의 입자분석을 통한 재생반응기 주입 수분량에 따른 CO2 회수효율 영향 분석

이도영 ( Do Young Lee ),김기찬 ( Ki Chan Kim ),박영철 ( Young Cheol Park ),한문희 ( Moon Hee Han ),이창근 ( Chang Keun Yi ) 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.50 No.4

In this study, CO2 capture efficiency in relation to the inlet moisture content of the regenerator was investigated using potassium-based sorbents in the continuous process composed of two bubbling fluidized-bed reactors, where solid outlet configuration in the regenerator was converted from underflow to overflow. XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and TGA were performed to find out the effect of water pre-treatment according to inlet moisture content in the regenerator. The K2CO3·1.5H2O structure of solid sorbents has been increased as inlet moisture content of the regenerator increased. As a result, the CO2 capture efficiency increased as the K2CO3·1.5H2O structure of solid sorbents increased since the reactivity of the sorbents has been improved by that structure generated by the water pre-treatment. And CO2 capture efficiency increased about 3~8% after sorbent outlet configuration of the regenerator was changed underflow to overflow.

The effect of CO_2 or steam partial pressure in the regeneration of solid sorbents on the CO_2 capture efficiency in the two-interconnected bubbling fluidized-beds system

Ki-Chan Kim,이창근,Young Cheol Park,Sung-Ho Jo 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.10

The effect of CO_2 or steam partial pressure in the regeneration of CO_2 solid sorbents was studied in the two-interconnected bubbling fluidized-beds system. Potassium-based dry solid sorbents, which consisted of 35 wt%K_2CO_3 for CO_2 sorption and 65 wt% supporters for mechanical strength, were used. To investigate the CO_2 capture efficiency of the regenerated sorbent after the saturated sorbent was regenerated according to the CO_2 or steam partial pressure in the regeneration, the mole percentage of CO_2 in the regeneration gas was varied from 0 to 50 vol% with N2 balance and that of steam was varied from 0 to 100 vol% with N_2 balance, respectively. The CO_2 capture efficiency for each experimental condition was investigated for one hour steady-state operation with continuous solid circulation between a carbonator and a regenerator. The CO_2 capture efficiency decreased as the partial pressure of CO_2 in the fluidization gas of the regenerator increased, while it increased as that of steam increased. When 100 vol% of steam was used as the fluidization gas of the regenerator, the CO_2 capture efficiency reached up to 97% and the recovered CO_2concentration in the regenerator was around 95 vol%. Those results were verified during 10-hour continuous experiment.

Screening of Spray-Dried K₂CO₃-Based Solid Sorbents using Various Support Materials for CO₂ Capture

Eom, Tae Hyoung,Lee, Joong Beom,Baek, Jeom In,Ryub, Chong Kul,Rhee, Young Woo Korea Electric Power Corporation 2015 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.1 No.1

$K_2CO_3$-based dry regenerable sorbents were prepared by spray-drying techniques to improve mass produced $K_2CO_3-Al_2O_3$ sorbents (KEP-CO2P, hereafter), and then tested for their $CO_2$ sorption capacity by a $2,000Nm^3/h$ (0.5 MWe) $CO_2$ capture pilot plant built for Unit 3 of the Hadong thermal power station in 2010. Each of the sample sorbents contained 35 wt.% $K_2CO_3$ as the active materials with various support materials such as $TiO_2$, MgO, Zeolite 13X, $Al_2O_3$, $SiO_2$ and hydrotalcite (HTC). Their physical properties and reactivity were tested to evaluate their applicability to a fluidized-bed or fast transport-bed $CO_2$ capture process. The $CO_2$ sorption capacity and percentage utilization of $K_2CO_3$-MgO based sorbent, Sorb-KM2, was $8.6g-CO_2/100g$-sorbents and 90%, respectively, along with good mechanical strength for fluidized-bed application. Sorbs-KM2 and KT were almost completely regenerated at $140^{\circ}C$. No degradation of Sorb-KM by $SO_2$ added as a pollutant in flue gas was observed during a cycle test.

Simultaneous removal of H2S and COS using Zn-based solid sorbents in the bench-scale continuous hot gas desulfurization system integrated with a coal gasifier

박영철,이창근,Sung-Ho Jo,Ho-Jung Ryu,문종호,Yongseung Yoon,Jeom-In Baek 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.12

A bench-scale continuous hot gas desulfurization system using Zn-based solid sorbents was developed to remove H2S and COS simultaneously in a 110 Nm3/h of real coal-gasified syngas. The bench-scale unit, which consisted of a fast fluidized-bed type desulfurizer and a bubbling fluidized-bed type regenerator, was integrated with a 3 ton/day-scale coal gasifier installed at the Institute for Advanced Engineering. The solid sorbents, which consisted of 50 wt% of ZnO for sulfides sorption and 50 wt% of supporters for mechanical strength, were manufactured by a spray drying method and supplied by Korea Electric Power Corporation Research Institute. The bench-scale unit was designed to operate at the high temperature of above 500 oC and the high pressure of 19 kgf/cm2 gauge. Integration of the bench-scale unit with a coal gasifier was first performed to investigate the operation stability of the integrated system. And the long-term continuous operation above 30 h was performed to analyze the desulfurization performance of the bench-scale unit. The concentration of both H2S and COS in the syngas was measured by a continuous UV gas analyzer and an online gas chromatograph and that of both H2S and COS after desulfurization was measured by an online gas chromatograph. Through the above 30-h continuous operation, the sulfur removal reached up to 99.9%.

Effect of bed height on the carbon dioxide capture by carbonation/regeneration cyclic operations using dry potassium-based sorbents

Young Cheol Park,Sung-Ho Jo,Keun-Woo Park,Yeong Seong Park,이창근 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.3

The effect of bed height on CO2 capture was investigated by carbonation/regeneration cyclic operations using a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. We used a potassium-based solid sorbent, SorbKX35T5 which was manufactured by the Korea Electric Power Research Institute. The sorbent consists of 35% K2CO3 for absorption and 65% supporters for mechanical strength. We used a fluidized bed reactor with an inner diameter of 0.05 m and a height of 0.8 m which was made of quartz and placed inside of a furnace. The operating temperatures were fixed at 70℃ and 150℃ for carbonation and regeneration, respectively. The carbonation/regeneration cyclic operations were performed three times at four different L/D (length vs diameter) ratios such as one, two, three, and four. The amount of CO2 captured was the most when L/D ratio was one, while the period of maintaining 100% CO2 removal was the longest as 6 minutes when L/D ratio was three. At each cycle, CO2 sorption capacity (g CO2/g sorbent) was decreased as L/D ratio was increased. The results obtained in this study can be applied to design and operate a large scale CO2 capture process composed of two fluidized bed reactors.

A study on vortex generators to improve the mixing rate in the dry sorbent injection process of the flue gas desulfurization system

Jin Do Chung,Jang Woo Kim,Young Moon Park 한국화학공학회 2010 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.27 No.1

The aim of this study is to improve mixing rate of dry sorbent injection technology (DSI). A CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code is used to predict the sorbent dispersion rate, pressure drop and turbulent kinetic energy of mixing particles and gas flow for three different vortex generators, which have been designed for the inside of the duct. After analyzing simulated results, it was shown that a similar trend of change in the dispersion rate in three different vortex generators had taken place and that the dispersion rate curve could reach over 80% by applying the lobed-plate and guide-vane(B) vortex generators. The lowest pressure drop was obtained when a lobed-plate was installed,whereas the highest pressure drop occurred when a guide-vane(A) was installed. The turbulent kinetic energy is nearly always stable when a lobed-plate is applied, but increases very quickly after passing through a guide-vane and then slowly decreases when a guide-vane(B) is applied. The situation for in the case of guide-vane(A) is somewhat more complicated.

Kinetic modeling of CO₂ adsorption on an amine-functionalized solid sorbent

Jung, Wonho,Park, Junhyung,Lee, Kwang Soon Elsevier 2018 Chemical engineering science Vol.177 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A kinetic model of CO<SUB>2</SUB> adsorption on an amine-functionalized silica sorbent, 0.37EB-PEI, was proposed by using experimental data from a miniature isothermal fixed bed reactor system called Autochem. Breakthrough curve tests were conducted at different CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentrations and different temperatures to acquire experimental data under adsorption-dominant conditions. Additionally, temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments were carried out for different CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentrations with different starting temperatures to investigate the desorption kinetics. A modified Langmuir kinetic equation was found to provide a satisfactory representation of the adsorption-dominant experimental data, including the long tails. A separate kinetic model was proposed to express the desorption-dominant TPD data. The dynamic effects of the empty volume in the Autochem device on the experimental measurements were rigorously handled through separate empty-volume dynamic tests.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A kinetic model for CO<SUB>2</SUB> adsorption on a PEI-functionalized sorbent is studied. </LI> <LI> An Autochem® reactor system was used to obtain experimental data. </LI> <LI> Long-tails in adsorption breakthrough curves could be accurately represented. </LI> <LI> Desorption patterns of the sorbent could be accurately represented. </LI> </UL> </P>