교육복지실천에서 낙인인식에 영향을 미치는 요인연구

정연정(Yeon Jung Jung),김상곤(Sang Gon Kim) 한국아동복지학회 2009 한국아동복지학 Vol.- No.29

본 연구는 선별주의적(selectivism)인 접근방식을 선택하고 있는 교육복지투자우선지역 지원사업에서 발생하는 `사회적 낙인(social stigma)`이 서비스요청과 이용행위에 부정적인 영향을 미치며, 서비스 효과에도 장애요소가 된다는 문제의식에서 출발하였다. 특히 역경 속에서 내적·외적 자원을 활용하여 성장하고 강해지는 능력인 레질리언스(resilience)를 촉진시키는 요소 중 `타인을 위한 서비스나 복지에 자신을 맡기는 특성`은 서비스이용과 직접적인 연관을 갖고 있는 부분으로, 서비스이용을 저해하는 낙인인식에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하고자 하였다. 연구의 조사대상은 2008년 `인천교육복지 학생패널` 363명과 `인천교육복지 학생코호트` 2,398명이다. 여기에서 학생패널은 경제적 수준에 의해 분류된 집중지원학생이며 학생코호트는 일반이용학생이다. 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 변량분석을 통해 집중지원학생과 일반이용학생 모두 `개인적 요인`, `환경적 요인`, `서비스 이용조건`이 낙인인식에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 변량분석을 통해 나타난 요인들에 대한 다중회귀분석을 통해 집중지원학생의 낙인인식에 영향을 주는 예측요인은 환경적 요인으로 그 중 `부모지지`가 영향을 미쳤다. 일반이용학생은 환경적 요인, 개인적 요인이 낙인인식에 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 낙인인식에는 다양한 요인들이 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 특히 `환경적 요인`을 강화하여 학생들이 낙인인식 없이 보다 적극적으로 서비스를 요청하고 이용할 수 있도록 지원해야 할 것이다. This study started from the thought of the negative effects of social stigma concerning investment in education & welfare in Korea. Social stigma affects students negatively when they request educational services and also when using them. The term resilience is the power to grow and become strong using internal and external resources against any odds. Some of the key points of growth of resilience are your personal characteristics. Putting someone by themselves in special educational services and welfare is strongly connected to social stigma. I plan to analyze the primary factors that can affect social stigmas. The subjects of this study are In-chon Educational Welfare Students Panel (363 students) and In-chon Educational Welfare Students Cohorts (2,398 students). The former received intensive educational support and were classified by their economical class. The latter are general students. Results of the study are summarized in the following: First, both subjects are affected by the social-environmental factors, individual factors and service utilization factors. These factors can add to a student`s social stigma. I analyzed ANOVA and correlational statistical methods. Second, the former group of students can be affected by their social stigma mainly in aspects of social-environmental factors. The latter group of students can be affected on the social stigma in aspect of social-environmental factors, individual factors and service utilization factors. Hierarchical multiple regression statistical methods were analyzed. Based on these results, various factors were confirmed that can affect the social stigma of each student. Teachers, administrators and school social workers must focus on how important school characteristics are to the students. All teachers, staff and administrators at a school should support students who request educational services and not to deepen their personal stigmas. The students should be encouraged to request and use educational services.

정신분열병 외래 환자가 경험하는 낙인에 미치는 요인

강승기,김철권 대한신경정신의학회 2011 신경정신의학 Vol.50 No.4

Objectives To identify various factors that might affect stigmas affecting outpatients with schizophrenia, and to further clarify the effects of both factors affected by the treatment and other factors on stigmas in a clinical setting. Methods Of patients who had been receiving outpatient treatments at the Donga University Hospital Department of Psychiatry and those who had been attending the community mental health center and community psychiatric rehabilitation center, 178 patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia with stable symptoms were enrolled in this study. In these patients, through an interview or self-reporting, we assessed stigmas (the Korean version of Mental Health Consumers’ Experience of Stigmas), psychiatric symptoms (the Korean version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), social functions (the Korean version of the Social Functioning Scale), insight (the Self-Appraisal of Illness Questionnaire), empowerment (a Consumer-Constructed Empowerment Scale), and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale). In more detail, we performed an ANOVA in consideration of 11 factors (age, gender, the level of education, economic status, the duration of disease, the frequency of hospitalization, symptoms, insight, self-esteem, empowerment, and social functions) as explanatory variables for stigmas. Results On a multiple regression analysis using backward elimination, the following five factors were found to be significant explanatory variables for stigmas that are experienced by outpatients with schizophrenia : the disease of duration, self-esteem, insight, age, and gender. The coefficient of determination for these five explanatory variables was 0.44. Conclusion In conclusion, our results showed that five factors were found to be significant explanatory variables for stigmas that are experienced by outpatients with schizophrenia. These five factors were the duration of the disease, self-esteem, insight, age, and gender. Because these five variables accounted for only 44% of total stigmas, however, further studies in a larger group of patients are warranted to identify other factors that might affect stigmas. Objectives To identify various factors that might affect stigmas affecting outpatients with schizophrenia, and to further clarify the effects of both factors affected by the treatment and other factors on stigmas in a clinical setting. Methods Of patients who had been receiving outpatient treatments at the Donga University Hospital Department of Psychiatry and those who had been attending the community mental health center and community psychiatric rehabilitation center, 178 patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia with stable symptoms were enrolled in this study. In these patients, through an interview or self-reporting, we assessed stigmas (the Korean version of Mental Health Consumers’ Experience of Stigmas), psychiatric symptoms (the Korean version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), social functions (the Korean version of the Social Functioning Scale), insight (the Self-Appraisal of Illness Questionnaire), empowerment (a Consumer-Constructed Empowerment Scale), and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale). In more detail, we performed an ANOVA in consideration of 11 factors (age, gender, the level of education, economic status, the duration of disease, the frequency of hospitalization, symptoms, insight, self-esteem, empowerment, and social functions) as explanatory variables for stigmas. Results On a multiple regression analysis using backward elimination, the following five factors were found to be significant explanatory variables for stigmas that are experienced by outpatients with schizophrenia : the disease of duration, self-esteem, insight, age, and gender. The coefficient of determination for these five explanatory variables was 0.44. Conclusion In conclusion, our results showed that five factors were found to be significant explanatory variables for stigmas that are experienced by outpatients with schizophrenia. These five factors were the duration of the disease, self-esteem, insight, age, and gender. Because these five variables accounted for only 44% of total stigmas, however, further studies in a larger group of patients are warranted to identify other factors that might affect stigmas.

코로나바이러스감염증-19 대유행 이후 한국 거주 중국인 유학생의 사회적 낙인 경험

장이츠 ( Zhang Yichi ),김민아 ( Kim Min Ah ) 한국보건사회연구원 2021 保健社會硏究 Vol.41 No.1

코로나19의 대유행 이후 감염 위험에 대한 공포가 높아지고 코로나19에 대한 무분별한 정보가 쏟아지면서 중국인에 대한 사회적 낙인이 심각한 사회문제로 대두되었다. 본 연구는 코로나19 대유행으로 인한 중국인 유학생의 사회적 낙인 경험을 이해하기 위해 한국에 거주하는 20명의 중국인 유학생들을 대상으로 심층인터뷰를 수행하였다. 주제 분석을 수행한 결과 ‘중국과 중국인에 대한 무분별한 비난’, ‘지역사회에서 마주한 중국인에 대한 경계와 차별’, ‘코로나19로 인한 사회적 낙인에 대한 대처 행동’과 관련한 12개의 하위주제가 도출되었다. 연구 참여자들은 온라인상 또는 지역사회에서 비난, 경계, 거부, 멀리함 등 다양한 형태의 낙인을 경험하였고, 낙인을 피하거나 변화시키기 위한 대처 전략을 선택하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 코로나19와 관련하여 중국인 유학생에 대한 균형적인 의견이 교환될 수 있도록 교육을 제공하고, 낙인을 경험한 중국인 유학생의 정서적 지지를 지원할 자원을 연결하며 심리상담 및 적응적인 대처 전략의 교육이 제공되어야 함을 제언하였다. Social stigma toward Chinese people has emerged as a serious social problem due to the increasing fear of infection and overwhelmingly biased information during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 Chinese international students living in Korea to understand their social stigma experiences due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The result of thematic analysis yielded 12 subthemes on social stigma experiences within overarching themes related to “indiscriminate blaming of China and Chinese people”, “vigilance and discrimination against Chinese people in the community,” and “coping with social stigma due to COVID-19.” Participants experienced various forms of social stigma both online and in the community, including blame, vigilance, rejection, and alienation and practiced coping behaviors to avoid or change social stigma. This study suggests the need to provide education targeted toward Korean students to ensure balanced opinions on Chinese students in connection with COVID-19 and reduce social stigma, enhance resources for emotional support, and provide psychological counseling and training in adaptive coping strategies for Chinese international students who experience social stigma.

학교사회복지실천에서 서비스 이용에 대한 학생의 낙인인식에 영향을 미치는 요인연구

정연정 한국학교사회복지학회 2015 학교사회복지 Vol.0 No.30

The primary research question of this study is why perceived social stigma appears in school social welfare practice which intend to realize universality, preventive approaches, and stigma solution. Therefore, this thesis is to examine the factors that affect perceived social stigma on the use of services in school social welfare settings. For this it examines focusing on individual factor, social-environmental factor, service provision factor, social-structural factor. It give attention to the factor related to social structure. Korean social structure based on residual social welfare leads to negative consciousness on social welfare. As a result, it makes the use of social services hesitating as to whether users shall undertake it or not. The data are collected from 37 schools in Su Won City that run school social work Using regression analysis, it analyzes 5,632 samples. This study comes to the results that factors related to stigma recognition are individual factor, social-environmental factor, service provision factor, social-structural factor. Based on this results, this study suggests social policy for school social welfare to realize the original goals of its universal welfare idea. 본 연구는 보편성, 예방적 접근, 낙인해소 등을 지향하는 학교사회복지실천현장에서 서비스 이용에 대한 낙인인식은 왜 발생하는가에 대한 문제의식에서 출발하였다. 이에 학교사회복지현장에서 서비스 이용에 대한 낙인인식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 개인적 요인, 환경적 요인, 서비스공급 요인, 사회구조적 요인을 검토하여 그 영향력을 분석하였다. 특히 본 연구에서 주목하고 있는 것은 사회구조적 요인이다. 선별주의에 위치되어 있는 한국사회복지의 구조적 특성은 복지에 대한 부정적인 인식형성에 개입하며, 이는 결국 복지서비스 이용에 장애가 된다고 보기 때문이다. 이에 사회구조적 요인으로 복지인식, 공동체인식, 평등인식을 포함하여 영향력을 확인하고자 하였다. 자료수집은 수원시의 학교사회복지사업을 운영하고 있는 37개 학교를 대상으로 하였으며 총 5,632부의 설문지를 회수하여 회귀분석 등의 통계분석을 실시하였다. 주요 연구결과는 개인적 요인(교급, 자존감, 우울․불안․자살충동, 공격성․분노), 환경적 요인(부모지지, 담임지지, 급우지지, 친구지지), 서비스공급 요인(이용 수준, 전문가지지), 사회구조적 요인(복지인식, 공동체인식, 평등인식)이 낙인인식에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 분석결과를 바탕으로 학교사회복지의 본래적 목적과 취지를 구현하기 위한 함의를 논의하였다.

학교밖 청소년의 사회적 낙인감이 게임중독에 미치는 영향 : 충동성의 매개효과를 중심으로

양경희(Yang, Kyung Hee) 한국교정복지학회 2021 교정복지연구 Vol.- No.72

낙인이론에 따르면 일탈이라는 것은 행위자의 내적 특성이 아니라 주위로부터의 낙인에 의해 만들어진다고 한다. 즉 사회적 낙인감으로 인하여 일탈적인 행위나 부정적인 행동을 일으킬 수도 있다는 것이다. 학교밖 청소년의 경우 학업을 중단했다는 사실 그 자체로 쉽게 낙인이 대상이 될 수 있다. 그리고 이들의 사회적 낙인감은 부정적인 행동인 충동성이나 게임중독으로 이어질 가능성이 높다. 뿐만 아니라 많은 연구에서 충동성과 게임중독과의 관계가 있다고 보고 있어 본 연구에서는 사회적 낙인감이 충동성 및 게임중독에 영향을 미칠 것이라고 보며 사회적 낙인감이 게임중독에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 충동성의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 사회적 낙인감은 충동성에 유의미한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 충동성은 게임중독에 유의미한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사회적 낙인감은 게임중독에 유의미한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 사회적 낙인감은 게임중독에 영향을 미치며 그 과정에서 충동성이 매개효과가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 매개효과의 검증을 위하여 붓스트래핑을 실시한 결과에서도 사회적 낙인감은 충동성을 매개하여 게임중독에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. According to the stigma theory, deviation is not made by the inner character of the actor, but by stigma from the surroundings. In other words, it may cause deviant behavior or negative behavior due to social stigma. In the case of out-of-school adolescent, the fact that they have stopped studying can be easily stigmatized by itself. And their social stigma is likely to lead to negative behaviors such as impulsivity or game addiction. In addition, many studies believe that there is a relationship between impulsiveness and game addiction, so this study believes that social stigma will affect impulsivity and game addiction. I tried to verify. As a result of the study, it was found that social stigma had a significant positive effect on impulsiveness, and impulsiveness had a significant positive effect on game addiction. In addition, it was found that social stigma had a significant positive effect on game addiction, so social stigma had an effect on game addiction, and impulse had a mediating effect in the process. In addition, in the results of bootstrapping to verify the mediating effect, it was found that social stigma mediated impulsivity and influenced game addiction.

간호대학생의 결핵에 대한 지식 및 인식이 결핵환자에 대한 사회적 낙인에 미치는 영향

장영미 사단법인 한국안전문화학회 2022 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.15

This study was conducted to investigate factors that influence nursing students' knowledge and perception of tuberculosis on the social stigma of tuberculosis patients. Existing studies have mainly focused on the knowledge and prevention of tuberculosis among university students, but there is no study on stigma targeting students of the nursing department who are likely to come into contact with tuberculosis patients through clinical practice. Therefore, this study is a descriptive research study that attempted to identify the knowledge, perception, and stigma of tuberculosis, and the factors that influence social stigma on tuberculosis, targeting college students in the nursing department. The subjects of this study were 251 nursing college students enrolled in a university located in D city, and data collection was conducted from May 25 to June 25, 2020, after distributing a self-completed questionnaire through an online link or in writing, and then collected and analyzed. Aa result of the study, the knowledge of tuberculosis was 18.8 out of 30 points, which was above average, and treatment control was the highest at 4.16 points and the understanding of the disease was the lowest with 2.78 points. The social stigma was 3.26 points, which was higher than normal. Social stigma for tuberculosis patients showed a positive correlation with influence, emotional representation, and treatment adjustment and disease understanding showed a negative correlation. There was no significant correlation between knowledge of tuberculosis and social stigma. The most influential factor on social stigma was disease understanding, and the explanatory power was 18.1%. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the influencing factors of social stigma on tuberculosis patients among nursing students were significant in the sub-domains of cognition, influence and disease understanding. Therefore, in order to reduce the stigma of tuberculosis patients, it is necessary to raise awareness that tuberculosis can be controlled through treatment and to improve negatively, so that nursing students can acquire correct information on symptoms and preventive examinations for tuberculosis. It is necessary to carry out continuous prevention education.

학교 밖 청소년의 사회적 낙인감이 음주행동에 미치는 영향: 우울과 충동성의 매개효과를 중심으로

이재경,이래혁 인문사회 21 2023 인문사회 21 Vol.14 No.2

This study’s purpose is to verify the social stigma’s influence on alcohol use among out-of-school adolescents and the mediation effects of depression and impulsivity. Using an analytic sample of about 450 out-of-school adolescents from the 2nd wave of the Panel Survey of School Dropouts, this study conducts data analyses with the Process macro method. The results are as follows. First, the social stigma of out-of-school adolescents positively influenced alcohol use. The risk of having alcohol use increased by about 2.3 times when social stigma increased by one level. Second, out-of-school adolescents’ impulsivity single-mediated the influence of social stigma on alcohol use. However, such single mediation effect was not found for out-of-school adolescents’ depression. Third, out-of-school adolescents’ depression and impulsivity serially dual-mediated the influence of social stigma on alcohol use. Social stigma increased depression, which in turn increased impulsivity and finally increased the risk of having alcohol use. This study provided empirical evidence that social stigma is a risk factor for alcohol use, and discussed diverse intervention ways.

학교 밖 청소년이 인식하는 진로장애와 사회적낙인감에 대한 사회적자본의 영향: 자아탄력성의 매개효과

권보영 ( Bo Young Kwon ),김용운 ( Yong Woon Kim ),이후석 ( Hoo Seok Lee ) 미래를 여는 청소년학회 2021 미래청소년학회지 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 학교 밖 청소년들이 겪을 수 있는 어려움들 중 진로장애와 사회적낙인감을 감소시킬 수 있는 요인들을 탐색하고 그 효과를 검증하고자 실시하였으며, 특히 환경적 요인으로써 사회적자본과 심리적 요인으로써 자아탄력성의 영향을 살펴보았다. 보다 구체적으로, 사회적자본과 자아탄력성은 진로장애 및 사회적낙인감을 감소시킬 것이라 가정하였으며, 사회적자본은 자아탄력성을 매개하여 사회적낙인과 진로장애에 영향을 준다고 가정하였다. 본 연구의 가설들을 검증하기 위하여 한국청소년정책연구원에서 수행한 「학업중단 청소년 패널조사」의 5차년도 데이터를 활용하여 구조방정식모형으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과를 보면, 사회적자본과 자아탄력성은 진로장애와 사회적낙인감에 직접적인 영향이 있었으며, 사회적자본은 자아탄력성을 통하여 진로장애에 영향을 주었으나 사회적낙인감에는 별다른 영향이 없었다. 이러한 연구 결과의 시사점과 제안점을 논의하였다. This study explored factors to reduce career barriers and social stigma that dropout youth may experience and the effects on those variables. Especially, the study was interested in the effects of social capital as an environmental factor and resilience as a psychological factor. The study hypothesized that social capital and resilience would reduce career barriers and social stigma directly, and the effect of social capital on two dependent variables would be mediated by resilience. Data of 「Dropout Youth Panel Survey」was analyzed to test the hypothesis. The result showed that social capital and resilience directly influenced career barrier and social stigma. Also, social capital influenced career barrier through resilience, but the mediation effect of resilience on social stigma was not significant. The study implications and limitations were discussed.

학교 밖 청소년의 사회적 낙인감 발달 궤적 탐색: 예측요인의 영향 및 결과변인의 차이를 중심으로

안태용 부산대학교 교육발전연구소 2022 교육혁신연구 Vol.32 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify developmental trajectories of out-of-school adolescents’ social stigma and how they are associated with predictors and outcomes. Methods: Using the longitudinal survey on school dropout youth conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute, from the 2nd to 5th, a growth mixture modeling was used to identify trajectories of social stigma, effects of predictors, and differences in outcome variables. Results: First, three distinct trajectories of social stigma were identified as follows: ‘Mid-level maintenance type,’ ‘High-level increase type,’ and ‘Low-level reduction type’ based on the change of social stigma. Second, multinomial logistic analysis results indicated that career barriers, ego resilience, and parental attachment significantly affected each latent trajectory class. In contrast, a level of adaptation before dropping out of school and career perception at the beginning of dropping out of school. Third, in examining how different trajectories were associated with adaptation(depression, game addiction, and life satisfaction), there was a significant difference between depression, game addiction, and life satisfaction in each social stigma trajectory class. Conclusions: This study suggests the need for intervention focusing on factors affecting the classification of social stigma trajectories to improve the adaptability of out-of-school adolescents. 연구목적: 본 연구는 학교 밖 청소년의 사회적 낙인감 발달 궤적 유형을 확인하고 발달 궤적 유형의 구분에 영향을 미치는 예측요인 및 발달 궤적 유형에 따른 적응 결과의 차이를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법: 본 연구에서는 사회적 낙인감 발달 궤적의 파악을 위해 한국청소년정책연구원의 ‘학업중단 청소년 패널 조사’ 1~5차 년도 데이터를 분석에 사용하였으며, 예측변인 및 결과변인을 성장혼합모형(growth mixture modeling, GMM)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과: 첫째, 사회적 낙인감 발달 궤적은 ‘중수준-유지 유형’, ‘고수준-증가 유형’ 및 ‘저수준-감소 유형’으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학교 밖 청소년들의 사회적 낙인감 발달 궤적의 구분에 영향을 미치는 예측요인으로 진로장애, 자아탄력성, 부모지지가 확인되었다. 반면에 학업 중단 이전 적응 양상이나 학업 중단 초기 진로 인식이 사회적 낙인감의 초기치 수준 및 변화 양상에 미치는 영향은 확인되지 않았다. 셋째, 학교 밖 청소년들의 사회적 낙인감 발달 궤적에 따른 적응 결과 변인(우울, 게임중독, 삶의 만족)의 차이를 살펴본 결과 발달 궤적 별 우울, 게임중독 및 삶의 만족도 수준에 전반적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, ‘고수준-증가 유형’, ‘중수준-유지 유형’, ‘저수준-감소 유형’ 순으로 우울, 게임중독 수준이 높았고, ‘저수준-감소 유형’, ‘중수준-유지 유형’, ‘고수준-증가 유형’ 순으로 삶의 만족도 수준이 높았다. 논의 및 결론: 본 연구는 학교 밖 청소년의 적응 조력을 위해 사회적 낙인감 발달 궤적 유형을 파악하고 이의 구분에 영향을 미치는 예측요인을 중심으로 하는 개입의 필요성을 시사한다.

한국 성인의 가족 형태에 따른 낙인 경험과 주관적 건강상태의 연관성

김란영,주승섭,엄윤정,류도향 전남대학교 인문학연구원 2024 가족과 커뮤니티 Vol.0 No.9

This study assessed the distribution of stigma based on family structure and examined their association with self-rated health among adults aged 25-55 in South Korea. After age 19, they experienced family structures other than legally married couples. Also, we investigated the association between stigma experiences based on family structure and self-rated health. We analyzed a nationwide cross-sectional online survey of 1,278 Korean adults. Stigma experience based on family structure was measured with 8 items, such as ‘I heard disparaging or bad about my family,’ and ‘I was qualified to apply for a job, but I gave up.’ If the participants never experienced stigma, they were classified as ‘never experienced,’ and if they experienced more than one type of stigma, they were classified as ‘experienced.’ Self-rated health is classified as ‘good’ and ‘poor’. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to examine the association between stigma based on family structure and self-rated health. As a result of this study, 56.2% experienced stigma based on family structure. Participants’ three most common family structures after age 19 were single-person households, cohabitation, and single-parent families. Among the types of stigma experiences, the most prevalent type of stigma was ‘I tend to be careful not to hide or reveal the family situation.’ After adjusting for potential confounders, participants who experienced stigma based on family structure were 1.47 times (95% Confidence Intervals: 1.07-2.02) more likely to have poor self-rated health than those who never experienced stigma based on family structure. Considering the results, policy interventions are needed to reduce stigma based on family structure and remove family stigma.