근골격계질환 예방을 위한 유해요인조사 결과보고 제도의 실효성 방안에 대한 연구

이신우(Shinwoo Lee),김유창(Yuchang Kim) 대한인간공학회 2020 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.39 No.4

Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand the appropriateness and disadvantages of the result reporting system about risk factors analysis and to find out how to improve the effectiveness of the result reporting system. Background: Although the risk factors analysis for preventing musculoskeletal disorders was conducted since 2003, the implementation rate was low in Korea. Recently, as the legal effectiveness of the risk factors analysis has been lowed due to the low implementation rate, the issue of legal obligation the reporting system about risk factors analysis has been raised. In order to protect all workers from musculoskeletal disorders, it was necessary to find out how to increase the implementation rate by legally mandating the result reporting system about risk factors analysis. Method: This study was conducted a questionnaire of 126 safety/health managers, workers, and management supervisors, safety/health agency workers, and business owners in various industries. The main contents of the questionnaire are appropriateness, advantages, disadvantages, and effectiveness of the result reporting system about risk factors analysis. Results: The results showed that the reliability of risk factors analysis would be increased by the implementation of the result reporting system. The cost support system about risk factors analysis would be needed because of the cost problem on the corporation. Conclusion: It was judged that plan for enforcing the legal obligation of the reporting system would be needed to enhance the effectiveness of risk factor analysis. In order to increase the reliability of the risk factors analysis, it was necessary to report to the Minister of Employment and Labor after confirming by worker representative. Also, it was considered that a cost support system would be necessary to activate the result reporting system about risk factor analysis. Application: These results can contribute to the improvement of the risk factor analysis and the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. It can be used as the basic data for research on the result reporting system about risk factors analysis.

화학물질관리법 내 화학사고 정책의 개선방안 및 산업계 지원방안 연구(Ⅰ)

박정규 ( Jeonggue Park ),서양원 ( Yangwon-suh ),간순영 ( Sun-yeong Gan ),이선우 ( Sun-woo Lee ) 한국환경연구원 2016 기본연구보고서 Vol.2016 No.-

In this study, institutional improvement measures for implementing the Chemicals Control Act effectively were drawn with the purpose of supporting the industry. For this, similar domestic and foreign chemical accident prevention policies and regulations to off-site consequence analysis and risk management plan in the Chemicals Control Act were comparatively analyzed. (1) Matters for the revision of law and notification ○ Expansion of applicable fields of off-site consequence analysis The preparation of a regulation to review the impact on the outside of place of business in case of a land development activity near a hazardous chemical handling facility in Article 58 (Standards, etc. for Granting Permission for Development Activities) and 61 (Related Authorization, Permission, etc. Deemed Granted) of the National Land Planning and Utilization Act was suggested in order to review the impact on the outside of place of business bilaterally just as the land use planning in the UK. It was also suggested to prepare detailed review procedures when reviewing the related information with other acts when a hazardous chemical handling facility was installed. ○ Execution of review of off-site consequence analysis and implementation of risk management plan The review of implementation regarding the off-site consequence analysis and the compliance with the risk management plan was carried out. It was also suggested to reinforce penalty clauses in terms of reinforcing the regulations. However, Article 61 of the Chemicals Control Act was amended while carrying out this project so that the relevant penalty was strengthened. Therefore, additional suggestions were presented to carry out the implementation review on the off-site consequence analysis and the compliance with the risk management plan continuously. (2) Matters for consultation with other acts ○ Preparation of measures to solve overlap with the report for dangers of process : Ministry of Employment and Labor The Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Employment and Labor are making efforts to solve the problem of overlapping items in cooperation through separate research services. It is planned to add the relevant research results to this study in the 2nd year. (3) Policy proposals ○ Reinforcement of management of places of business that did not submit the off-site consequence analysis It was suggested to prepare additional management reinforcement measures including the utilization of information regarding the places of business that submitted the process safety reports through the close management and supervision by local administrations and the cooperation with the Ministry of Employment and Labor. It was also proposed to encourage participation in the briefing session related to the preparation of off-site consequence analysis. ○ Establishment of measures to provide preparation support to small-sized places of business It was suggested to support the continuous advancement of general-purpose program for the off-site consequence analysis, confirmation of efficiency of consultant system up to date and drawing of matters for improving the system. It was also proposed to develop online submission system that enables the preparation and submission at the same time and screening-level advanced evaluation system. ○ Renew of collection of preparation examples At first, a guide including the information of helpful tools or technologies for preparation, not samples of off-site consequence analysis or risk management plan should be prepared. It was suggested to select the priority order in consideration of circulation amount and handling status for each chemical and type of business and prepare a simple but urgent collection of preparation examples first based on the types of business high on the list of priorities. Detailed and close technical guidelines for each item according to the type of business should be prepared for chemicals such as hydrogen fluoride handled in large quantity in U.S. in the long term. For this, research personnel needs for preparing a collection of preparation examples should be filled. The service project of the Ministry of Environment regarding the publication of the collection of preparation examples is being carried out currently, so when the result is presented, it is scheduled to review and present such result additionally in this study in the 2nd year. ○ Expansion of organization related screening of off-site consequence analysis and risk management plan and institutional improvement It is intended to suggest a measure to simplify the evaluation system by establishing online submission system and expanding the personnel in the accident prevention examination division that handles the examination of off-site consequence analysis and risk management plan in order to solve the quantity requiring evaluation that is accumulated. ○ Establishment of online risk management plan submission system 5 different types of online submission system were suggested based on the conditions in our country and the submission types in U.S. and the advantages and disadvantages of each submission type were presented together. ○ Improvement of specialized preparation agency system The first measure is to present the selection and cancellation standards more clearly while maintaining the specialized preparation agency system. The second measure is to introduce the system such as an evaluator of impact on outside of place of business who fulfilled the minimum qualification requirements. The third measure is to abolish the specialized preparation agency system in the mid- and long term. ○ Establishment of risk management plan information sharing system It was suggested to prepare web-based risk management plan information sharing system to deliver relevant information to residents and relevant local governments that required information effectively. Also, it was suggested to allow people who experienced difficulty in accessing the online information sharing system to select either face-to-face notice or notice in writing. ○ Improvement of risk level estimation method First, it was suggested to improve the problems of the current system by utilizing and reflecting economy census on the general-purpose program for the off-site consequence analysis and preparing the accident occurrence frequency data suitable for domestic circumstances in order to secure the number of residents in the range of influence objectively. Second, a measure to introduce the risk-based system operation method such as the improvement of estimation method through a method such as risk matrix used in the risk assessment and management of the Seveso Directive was suggested. The followings are planned in this study in the 2nd year, first, it is planned to review the effectiveness and utilization plans of the method by actually applying the foreign chemical accident impact evaluation method presented in this study in the 1st year. Second, it is planned to analyze the domestic and foreign chemical accident impact evaluation techniques and technologies and investigate the relevant system establishment status in order to analyze evaluation techniques and technologies for estimating the impact of a chemical accident. Third, it is expected that the examples of implementation by the industry will be accumulated in 2017 since it will be the third year for the implementation of the Chemicals Control Act. Therefore, it is planned to investigate the implementation status of chemical accident system by the industry additionally including the facility improvement effects and effectiveness for target places of business, followed by the 1st year. Lastly, it is planned to draw the technical improvement measures for chemical accident policies in the Chemicals Control Act and the measures for providing support to the industry based on the result of status evaluation of evaluation techniques and technologies and the collection of opinions from the industry.

Network Analysis and Meta-analysis of Studies of Supply Chain Risk and Firms’ Capabilities and Performance Levels

정의범 한국생산성학회 2021 생산성연구 Vol.35 No.4

As supply chain risk has come to be regarded as a critical impetus for firm performance, the existing studies have sought to identify the influential risk sources, relevant performance- related supply chain risks, and risk capabilities. Although some studies on supply chain risks have conducted literature reviews to understand supply chain risk factors (SCRFs) and these capabilities, it has been observed that several articles only cover specific SCRFs and the capabilities pre-identified by the authors. There remains a lack of systematic examination of the various topics in the literature on supply chain risk, such as the main SCRFs, firms’ response capabilities, and firms’ relative performance levels. Some studies have used a popularity-based approach called bibliometrics to fill the gaps in the existing literature. In contrast, other researchers have adopted network-based approaches using citation and co-citation analyses. However, such studies have mainly adopted published papers rather than specific keywords to identify the important research gaps and suggest directions for future research. Therefore, we conducted a network analysis that combined citation and keyword network analyses to identify the most influential SCRFs, firms’ response capabilities, and relative performance levels. To implement rigorous citation and keyword network analyses, we collected initial data set composed of major supply chain risk-related papers with impact factors of at least 3.0 as scored by Web of Science from the SCOPUS database. The initial search attempt generated 320 papers published over 23 years, from 1996 to 2019. Furthermore, previous studies on supply chain risks have produced inconsistent results regarding the relationships between firms’ capabilities to respond to risks and their performance levels in different contexts. Therefore, to address these perceived drawbacks in the existing literature and providing insights for managers regarding firms’ capabilities in different business settings, we implemented a meta-analysis of previous empirical research regarding supply chain risk. The test results showed that firms must boost their main capabilities to cope with supply chain risks and, thereby, improve performance. This study has several significant implications for both theory and practice. First, due to the wide-ranging scope of the supply chain field, previous studies of supply chain risk have been conducted from various perspectives, focusing on internal and external factors and supply chain factors. Second, we also focused on an overview of the research on supply chain risk through structural analysis. The structural analysis enables the discovery of the current status and trends for future research direction. Third, to discover the opportunities for future research through the current status of supply chain risk. Fourth, we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively investigate these inconsistent results. Finally, firms must improve their main capabilities to cope with supply chain risks and boost their performance levels.

A Survey of Information Security Risk Analysis Methods

Armaghan Behnia,Rafhana Abd Rashid,Junaid Ahsenali Chaudhry 한국산학기술학회 2012 SmartCR Vol.2 No.1

There are already many models of risk assessment and more are emerging every day. They all have the same fundamental target, but most attempt to hit the target from very different approaches. Some approaches can be applied to all types of risk, while others are specific to particular risks. A particularly dangerous risk in the global economy today is the security of information. Information is a key asset for organizations, and reducing the risk of information compromise is a high priority. This study proposed a methodology for information security risk analysis in which the assets, vulnerabilities, threats, and controls of an organization are linked. The main purpose of the study is to compare and clarify the different activities, inputs, and outputs required by each model of information security risk assessment and the analysis that effectively addresses the risks of information security. At the moment, there are numerous risk analysis methodologies available, some of which are qualitative while others are more quantitative in nature. These methodologies have a common goal to estimate the overall value of risk. An organization must choose the most proper methodology based on their specific requirements.

위험 및 안전분야 규제영향분석제도의 개선방안에 관한 연구

최무현(Moo Hyun Choi)(崔武玄) 위기관리 이론과 실천 2013 Crisisonomy Vol.9 No.9

본 연구는 위험 및 안전 분야의 현행 규제영향분석제도의 문제점을 규제담당 공무원와 전문가 조사를 바탕으로 분석하고 앞으로 위험분석을 포함하는 규제영향분석제도 개선방안을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 규제영향분석 및 위험분석 관련된 분야의 연구를 수행하여 온 전문가를 대상으로 한 전문가 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과, 공무원들과 전문가들은 현행 규제영향분석을 전반적으로는 긍정적으로 평가하면서도, 세부적인 설계와 구성요소, 절차에 대해서는 부정적인 관점을 가지고 있음을 발견하였다. 이상과 같은 논의를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 정책적 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 첫째, 위험 및 위험분석 정의의 명확화하고, 위험분석의 절차 및 구성요소 등을 표준화할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 위험분석이 실제적으로 활용되기 위해서는 적절한 수준 이상의 법정화는 필수적이다. 셋째, 특히 위험규제 분야에서의 커뮤니케이션의 활성화가 절실히 요구된다. 넷째, 위험분석이 확대되어지기 위해서는 위험분석의 인프라 구축이 선행되어야 한다. 다섯째, 장기적으로 전정부적인 규제영향분석 및 위험분석 평가부서의 설치를 추진할 수 있다. This study seeks to analyze the institutional and legal status as well as problems that are becoming noticeable in Korea's increasing regulation of 'public risk', and provides institutional measures for adequate management and control of risk from a regulatory perspective. Based on these results of analysis, this study proposes the following policy measures, First, the concept of risk as well as risk analysis must be clearly defined, and there is a need to standardize risk analysis procedures and composition factors. Second, in order for risk analysis to be practically utilized, a certain level of legal mandates are necessary. Third, vitalizing communication within the field of regulatory risk is necessary because one of the biggest problems in RIA is the noticeable bias in opinion due to weak procedures of public consultation. Four, risk analysis infrastructure such as political will, expertise and funding is necessary for risk analysis to be implemented effectively. Finally, in the long term a government-wide RIA and risk analysis assessment agency or office must be installed.

건설현장의 사고원인에 따른 내·외부 리스크 핵심 요인 분석

유영진 ( Yu Yeong-jin ),김태희 ( Kim Taehui ),손기영 ( Son Kiyoung ),이경훈 ( Lee Kyoung-hun ),김지명 ( Kim Ji-myong ) 한국건축시공학회 2016 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.16 No.6

The demand of construction risk analysis is rapidly increased to improve the competitiveness of construction companies and the sound management of the construction project. However, estimating the amount and uncertainty of the risk is difficult due to the wide range of risks in the construction industry. Moreover, most of the research on risk management of construction risk is only focused on the causes of risk without separate the internal and external risk. This study statistically analysis the internal risk and external risk based on the accidents cases which are caused at construction sites to define the difference and importances of the risk. An accident cause analysis and T-test analysis are carried out to reach the goal of study. The results of the study are expected to be used as a guideline of construction project risk analysis.

항만 물류 생산성 향상을 위한 안전사고의 위험성 분석 - 항만 컨테이너 터미널운영사의 하역사고 사례를 중심으로 -

김동진 한국생산성학회 2016 생산성연구 Vol.30 No.4

In this study, a fuzzy inference method is applied to improve the result of accident risk when an uncertainty is involved in data. In Korea, ports are taking care of 99% of the total volume of international trade, where accidents related to cargoes loading/unloading activities happen. Though the accident rate is lower than other logistics industries, the consequence of any accident and its negative after effect often cause severe results in trade transactions at the national level. The risk analysis is a method used in many fields to calculate the level of risk using accident probability(frequency) and corresponding consequence(damage) when an accident occurs. And the fuzzy inference technique is normally used to inference the result when given data are not enough to employ for the analysis. Since the accident data for port related activities do not occur frequently, there exists uncertainty in the resulting risk level. Therefore, we combine a risk analysis technique, i.e. risk matrix with fuzzy inference to calculate the risk level of port accident using real accident data over the 5 year period(2009-2013). The results are following: for accident types, External Truck Damage(ETD), Container & Cargo Damage for Quay operation(CCDQ), Yard Equipment Damage(YED) are the riskiest accidents and main causes of accidents are mishandling of equipment, equipment malfunction, and collision between spreader and container. We calculated the accident risk levels of each risk factor based upon which more practical accident mitigation measures could be applied to reduce the overall risk level. Since most of the accidents results from diverse human factors, future research should be focused on the detailed classification and analysis of them. The primary purpose of risk analysis is to find the potential risky factors, calculate the risk, and establish proper risk reduction plans and implementation of them, industry-specific risk assessment techniques should be developed in more proper way. Also, for each risk mitigation measure, a necessary way to judge the effect of it, i.e., a cost-benefit analysis should be implemented in decision-making process.

A New Damage-probability Approach for Risk Analysis of Rain-fed Agricultural Systems under Meteorological Drought

Hossein Mehdikhani,Bahram Saghafian,Peyman Daneshkar Arasteh 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.4

Droughts are natural part of virtually all climates and cause losses of income around the globe. Traditional crisis management approach has been ineffective since passive responses are poorly planned and coordinated. On the contrary, risk management paradigm aims at reducing vulnerability to disasters through advocating preparedness and mitigation. Although the core of risk management is quantified risk analysis, few studies have been reported to lay out the risk analysis framework for droughts. In this paper, a new approach to develop drought Damage-Probability Curve (DPC) for risk analysis is proposed. Drought damage estimation is performed via a neural network model and, for the first time, a trivariate copula was incorporated into damage probability estimation. On the basis of DPC, robust drought risk analysis tools such as the expected value of damage (annual risk), exceedence probability curve and damage return period curve are developed. Regression, Standardized Regression Coefficient (SRC) and Correlation Coefficients (CC) techniques are applied to investigate input sensitivity analysis. Eventually, reliability analysis of rain-fed crop production is performed. The proposed risk analysis approach is evaluated on rain correlation coefficients-fed wheat production over the Qazvin region, Iran. Results show that the proposed approach may be an applicable to assess drought risk.

Applying Fire Risk Analysis to Develop Fire-safe Modular Walls: Guidance to Material Selection, Design Approach and Construction Method

Seokho Lim,Joonsoo Chung,Mihyun Esther Kim 대한건축학회 2022 Architectural research Vol.24 No.2

For the past decade, South Korea had experienced catastrophic building fires, which resulted in consider-ably high number of casualties. This motivated research to develop fire-safe wall assemblies. In this study Fire Risk Analysis (FRA) is conducted as part of the project designing phase to ensure fire safety of the final product. Traditional approach was to consider fire performance at the end of the designing stage, when PASS/FAIL fire test results are required to be submitted to the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). By applying a fire risk analysis to guide the designing phase, overall fire safety of a wall assembly can be achieved more systematically as conducting FRA allows designers to clearly identify elements that are more vulnerable to fire and simply replace them with other practical options. Severity of fire risk is determined by considering the fire hazards of a wall assembly such as the exterior layer, insulation, vertical connectivity, and external ignition sources (e.g., photovoltaic panels). Frequency of fire risk is assessed based on the factors affecting fire likelihood, which are air cavity and fire-stopping applied in the design, and random design changes occurring during on-site construction. Fire risk matrix is proposed based on these fire risk factors and efforts to reduce the fire risk level associated with the wall assembly are given by systematically assessing the fire risk factors identified from fire risk analysis. Current study demonstrates how fire risk analysis can be applied to develop fire-safe walls by reducing the relevant fire risks– both severity and frequency.

Quantitative risk assessment of offshore carbon dioxide injection system considering seismic effects

Lee, Younggeun,Lee, Gunhak,An, Jinjoo,Kim, Kyeongsu,Ahmed, Usama,Lee, Chul-Jin,Han, Chonghun Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL Vol.77 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Quantitative risk analysis (QRA) is one of the most generally used safety analysis measures for risk management in process industries. Currently, earthquakes occur worldwide, resulting in significant damage. Despite the importance of considering the danger of earthquakes, however, seismic effects are often not included in risk analysis owing to difficulties in considering the multi-hazard nature and domino effects of earthquakes.</P> <P>In this study, an improved methodology for QRA was proposed to consider the seismic effects including domino effects, and multi-hazard impacts of an earthquake by using a Bayesian network (BN). This analysis was applied to a topside CO<SUB>2</SUB> injection system for underground storage, which is susceptible to seismic effects. Because frequency analysis is based on a causal relationship, the BN can be used to simultaneously consider domino effects and multi-hazard risks. As a result, the societal risk integral, one of the factors in risk analysis, was 9.667 × <SUP> 10 - 4 </SUP> / y e a r in modified QRA; this value shows an increase of 3.9% compared with the societal risk integral in conventional QRA. Furthermore, the value can be increased to 35% in the sensitivity analysis depending on annual exceedance probability (AEP). This result shows the importance of considering seismic effects, including both the domino effect and multi-hazard impacts, in QRA. A risk reduction method was additionally applied to mitigate the process risk.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Quantitative risk assessment is performed on topside CO<SUB>2</SUB> injection system. </LI> <LI> Modified QRA methodology considering seismic effect is applied. </LI> <LI> Domino-effect and multi-hazard are considered by using Bayesian network. </LI> <LI> Risk mitigation and reduction are performed to manage the risks. </LI> </UL> </P>