1960년대 일본조선연구소의 `식민사상` 제기와 `고도성장체제` 비판

장미현 ( Jang Mi-hyun ) 역사문제연구소 2012 역사문제연구 Vol.16 No.1

The Japanese Joseon Research Institute was a research facility established in 1961, during the time of the Korea-Japan talks and also the `Return project,` the time when the Japanese researchers` interest in Korean studies was growing higher than ever. Through the 1960s and `70s, the Japanese Joseon Research Institute pursued both academic studies and reform activities, and with their activities either in the form of publications or seminars, members of the institute argued that in order to truly reform Japan, the “Colonial thinking(the Colonial philosophy)” of the Japanese public should be erased from the minds of the Japanese people. The Japanese Joseon Research Institute was a place where not only researchers studying the history of Joseon, but also researchers studying the history of entire Asia, all gathered together and analyzed (while also displaying themselves) all the changes that were occurring throughout the Japanese society, as well as the academic community, in the 1960s. The primary focus of the studies and activities of the Japanese Joseon Research Institute was no other than the Korean peninsula, the country which had been invaded by the Japanese imperialism in the early half of the 20th century, and the country the Japanese people was once again about to infiltrate with their economic advances enabled by the Korea-Japan talks in 1965. They argued that the activities of the Institute should concentrate upon eliminating the above-mentioned “Colonial thinking(the Colonial philosophy),” which was turning out to be a constant dilemma which Japan had to face all the time when it negotiated with the Joseon people. The Institute members` intentions were not to merely assess how much of a responsibility the Japanese would have to bear for their invasion of the Joseon peninsula in the past, but to determine the process in which `Colonial thinking` was reinforcing the structure of (Japanese) ruling (of Korea) in the present. It was truly a huge departure from the Japanese `Colonial attitude,` and surprisingly it came from no other than the researchers of Japan, which had been the Imperial motherland in the first place. The concentrated high development in the Japanese society during the late 1960s was also considered to have been a result of Japan`s `invasion` of the Korean economy which was made possible after the signing of the Korea-Japan talks. The Institute argued that because the Colonial thinking was never successfully eliminated or sufficiently suppressed, the Japanese people were not regarding such offenses as invasive ones. They passionately argued that in order to go beyond all the `high developments,` the Colonial `philosophy` should be resolved and be done with more thoroughly. The Japanese Joseon Research Institute`s argument that criticised the Japanese authorities for `forgetting the responsibility for colonizing a country and ruling it,` and that the colonial philosophy was still continuing to exist, was something that was hard to swallow for their contemporary Japanese brethren, who considered the post-war era to be an entirely different time period from the pre-war period, as seen from a `Post-war Democracy` perspective. Even the Japanese Communists blamed the Japanese Joseon Research Institute for defining the victims(the people) as offenders. `Colonial philosophy` was all about Japan`s responsibility for its own past deeds, colonizing a country and ruling it with a fist. Yet the Japanese Joseon Research Institute did not use the word only to analyze the past. The institute members wanted to change the world, and the future of Japan. It was a cause to reconfigure the Japanese consciousness, and the very topic the institute utilized in doing so was the history of Joseon. The Japanese Joseon Research Institute defined the `researchers` as `research activists,` and established the elimination of Colonial thinking(philosophy) as their top-priority action. Their such stance was well reflecting the nature of the Japanese intellectuals of the time, who were more than ready to delve into the real world. They raised some issues regarding the `fashion` of the Japan society`s high development, when economic developments were in high-gear and especially based upon no other than the `colonial thinking`. They urged the Japanese people to think about the role the “Imperialist Americans(or the `Americans fighting the Cold war`)” urged them to play in the first place.

미국 연방사법센터(FJC)에 관한 연구

송현정 ( Song Hyun Jung ) 사법정책연구원 2022 연구보고서 Vol.2022 No.13

Judicial administration, such as staff appointment and dismissal and work division within the court, is required for the court to run its organization, personnel, budget, accounting, and facility management. Education and research functions are also important parts of judicial administration because they provide judges with a wide range of information while they are dealing with heavy trial workloads. These functions assist judges in conducting proceedings in a more faithful and efficient manner.  The Federal Judicial Center, an independent institution primarily responsible for education and research functions related to federal court administration, was established in the United States in 1967 so that the federal judiciary could respond quickly to changes in social conditions and ensure a continuous and efficient justice system for the people. The Center’s main divisions are Education, Research, Federal Judicial History, and International Judicial Relations. Each division advances the development and implementation of better judicial administration in federal courts. The Education division, for example, develops and implements education programs for court personnel, including judges, and the Research division conducts research projects to improve the efficiency of federal courts. Because of the staff’s professionalism and independence in carrying out their mandate, its work is highly regarded by federal judges as well as other branches or agencies, including Congress.  Given the scope of the Center’s work, it could be considered a hybrid institution that com- bines Korea’s Judicial Research and Training Institute, Judicial Policy Research Institute, Training Institute for Court Officials, and Supreme Court Library (compilation of judicial history materials). Indeed, the Center is a significant institution, having served as the primary reference for the establishment of the Judicial Policy Research Institute, an independent research institute under the Supreme Court of Korea, as well as having a close relationship with the Judicial Research and Training Institute, a Korean judiciary educational institution.  This study examines in depth the Center’s background and establishment process, purpose and function, organizational composition, specific tasks of each division, and method of performance, with the goal of deriving implications that help Korean institutions that perform educational and research functions improve the efficiency and quality of work performance, develop various educational programs or research projects, or utilize internal and external resources. Furthermore, because the Center is an institution with integrated educational and research functions, this study suggests ways to strengthen mutual cooperation between educational institutions, such as the Judicial Research and Training Institute and the Judicial Policy Research Institute, which is in charge of research functions within the Korean judiciary, by examining the organic cooperative relationship between the education division and the research division of the Center.  Hopefully, this study would help to continue improving and activate the education and research functions of the Korean judiciary.

Technology Gap, Research Institutes, and the Contract Research System: The Role of Government-funded Research Institutes in Korea

문만용 한국과학사학회 2011 한국과학사학회지 Vol.33 No.2

The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) was established by the aid of the US in 1966. By examining the early history of KIST, the first government-funded research institute (GRI), I analyze the role of KIST in bridging the technol-ogy gap in Korea. KIST assisted the industry in bridging the technology gap through diverse methods, including development of new technology, assistance of technology transfer, and manpower transfer. Through the 1970s, the Korean gov-ernment, encouraged by the initial success of KIST, established over a dozen research institutes in each industrial field, modeled after KIST. To differentiate its mission from the newly established GRIs, KIST decided to focus on long-termed package deal contract research projects that were fully funded by the government. KIST and other GRIs led Korean R&D during the 1970s, when industries and uni-versities did not possess the capability and will for it. The early history of KIST demonstrates the effectiveness of the establishment of a research institute in bridg-ing the technology gap in a developing country where its research system is bleak. In the early stages, it is necessary to set roles for the research institutes in a way that suits the actual domestic environment and the contract research system can be an effectual option for the institute.

연구소 기반 집단 연구군의 DB 구축현황과 쟁점 − 인문한국플러스(HK+)지원사업단의 사업 성과를 중심으로 −

김묘정 동방문화대학원대학교 동양학연구소 2023 동방문화와 사상 Vol.15 No.-

이 글은 연구소 기반 집단 연구군의 DB 구축 현황과 쟁점을 확인하고자 기획된 것으로, 연구소 기반 집단 연구군 중에서도 인문한국플러스(HK+)지원사업단의 사업 성과를 중심으로 논의하였다. 대학 부설 연구소의 경우 집단 연구 과제를 수주하여 연구를 진행하는데, 이 글에서는 인문한국플러스(HK+)지원사업을 진행하고 있는 연구소를 연구대상으로 삼아 인문학연구의 사회적 확산이라는 취지에 맞춰 연구가 어떠한 방향으로 전개되고 있는지 살피는 동시에 이들 연구소에서 진행하고 있는 DB 구축 현황을 중점적으로 검토해보았다. 이에 2장에서는 먼저 집단 연구군 인문한국플러스(HK+)지원사업단을 전체적으로 개관하는 동시에 DB 구축 양상을 검토하였다. 이어서 3장에서는 DB 구축 양상을 세 가지 형태로 구분하여 논의하였는데, 첫 번째로는 인문기초학문분야의 아젠다 중심 DB 구축 양상을 분석하였다. 인문기초학문분야의 연구를 수행하는 연구소의 경우 대부분 문학, 역사, 철학 등의 기초 인문학 연구 역량을 강화하는 데 초점을 맞추고 있으므로 각 연구소에서 상정한 아젠다(Agenda)를 중심으로 DB를 구축하고 있음을 확인하였다. 두 번째로는 인문한국플러스(HK+)지원사업을 수행하는 연구소들 가운데 연구 필요에 의해 그리고 학문에 대한 기여를 목적으로 자체적으로 디지털 사전을 편찬해 데이터를 시각화하고 있음을 확인하였다. 개인연구군에서 해결할 수 없는 방대한 자료의 집대성, 그중에서도 가장 많은 시간과 공력을 요구하는 디지털 사전 편찬이라는 작업이 연구소 기반 집단연구군에 의해 시도되고 또 결과물로 도출되었다는 점에서 의미가 있다고 생각된다. 세 번째로는 해외지역분야의 DB 구축 양상을 살피는 동시에 해외 자료 수집이 가지는 의미에 대해서도 논의하였다. 이에 해외 지역학 중심의 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 문화, 정치, 경제, 사회 등의 제 분야를 망라하여 해외 지역학 그 자체에 관심을 두고 자료를 수집함으로써 우리 학계에서 용이한 연구가 가능하도록 DB를 구축하고 있음을 확인하였다. 이 글은 각 연구소에서 구상하고 또 시행하고 있는 인문한국플러스(HK+)지원사업 가운데 DB관련 대표 성과를 예시로 제시하면서 향후 디지털 인문학이 나아가야 할 방향을 그려보고자 한 것이다. DB의 경우 학문의 발전에 이바지할 수 있는 기본 토대 자료임에도 불구하고 연구소 중심 사업 성과가 종합적으로 제시된 바 없으므로 이 글에서는 DB 성과를 중심으로 분석해 발전 방향성을 모색하고자 하였다. This article was designed to identify the current status and issues of DB construction in the research institute-based group research group, and discussed focusing on the business performance of the HK+ project group among the research institute-based group research groups. In the case of university-affiliated research institutes, they receive a group research project and conduct research, and in this article, we looked at the direction in which research is being conducted in line with the purpose of social spread of humanities research, while focusing on the current status of DB construction in these research institutes. Accordingly, in Chapter 2, the research group HK+ project group was reviewed as a whole and the DB construction pattern was reviewed. Subsequently, in Chapter 3, the DB construction pattern was divided into three types and discussed. First, the agenda-oriented DB construction pattern in the humanities and basic studies field was analyzed. Most of the research institutes that conduct research in the field of basic humanities have focused on strengthening basic humanities research capabilities such as literature, history, and philosophy, so they have confirmed that they are building a DB around Agenda proposed by each research institute. Secondly, it was confirmed that among the research institutes conducting the HK+ project, data is visualized by compiling digital dictionaries on their own according to research needs and for the purpose of contributing to learning. It is considered meaningful in that the massive collection of data that cannot be solved by the individual research group, among them, digital dictionary compilation, which requires the most time and effort, was attempted and derived by the research institute-based group research group. Third, while examining the construction pattern of DB in overseas regional fields, the meaning of overseas data collection was also discussed. Accordingly, research centered on overseas regional studies is being conducted, and it has been confirmed that a DB is being established so that it can be easily studied in our academic world by collecting data from all fields such as culture, politics, economy, and society. This article aims to draw the future direction of digital humanities by presenting representative achievements related to DB among the HK+ projects envisioned and implemented by each research institute. In the case of DB, despite the basic foundation data that can contribute to academic development, the performance of the research institute-centered project has not been comprehensively presented, so this article attempted to explore the direction of development by analyzing DB performance.

우리나라 회계전문연구기구의 설립방안

윤승준,전규안 한국회계학회 2019 회계저널 Vol.28 No.2

This paper suggests the necessity of establishing a specialized accounting research institute that conducts basic research for improvement of accounting system in Korea. In Korea, the Financial Services Commission and the Financial Supervisory Service are responsible for the overall regulation and supervision of capital markets and accounting system. Even though accounting is one of the important social infrastructures, it has been neglected in terms of policy research. In the fields of economic and social policy, there are many government-funded research institutes and private research institutes functioning as think tanks. However, there are no specialized research institutes in the field of accounting. The main functions of the Korea Accounting Institute(hereafter "KAI"), Korea's representative accounting-related research institute, include research functions related to accounting system as well as the establishment of accounting standards. However, KAI has been concentrating most of its organizational capabilities on its role as an accounting standard setter, including the introduction of international financial reporting standards, due to various practical limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to pursue the establishment of a specialized accounting research institute that conducts policy research considering the accounting field as an important policy consideration related to the overall economy and society. In this paper, we suggest the establishment of a specialized accounting research institute in the form of public organization under the control of the prime minister. This type of public accounting research institute can cover the accounting policy on nonprofit organizations and public sector as well as corporations subject to the Act on External Audit for Joint Stock Companies, and can secure independent activities and financial stability of the organization. 본 연구는 우리나라 회계제도의 개선을 위한 기초연구, 기존 회계제도에 대한 평가 연구, 외국 회계제도에 대한 연구 등을 수행하는 회계전문연구기구 설립의 필요성 및 회계 전문연구기구의 설립 방안을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 우리나라에서는 금융위원회와 금융감독원이 자본시장과 회계에 관한 전반적인 규제와 감독 업무를 담당하고 있는데 회계분야는 중요한 사회적 인프라의 하나임에도 불구하고 정책연 구 측면에서 소홀하게 취급되어 온 측면이 있다. 경제사회분야의 경우 많은 정부출연연구 기관과 민간연구기관이 싱크탱크로서의 기능을 수행하고 있으나 회계분야에는 회계제도를 연구하는 전문연구기관이 사실상 없으며, 조세, 금융, 자본시장 등의 연구기관에서 전문성 이 결여된 채로 관련 연구의 일부로 취급되고 있는 실정이다. 우리나라의 대표적인 회계 관련 연구기관인 한국회계기준원의 주요 기능에는 회계기준제정 기구로서의 역할 외에 회계제도와 관련된 연구기능도 포함되어 있지만 한국회계기준원은 여러 가지 현실적인 제약 때문에 사실상 대부분의 조직역량을 국제회계기준의 도입 등 회 계기준제정기구로서의 역할에 집중하고 있다. 따라서 회계분야를 경제사회 전반과 연관된 중요한 정책적 고려대상으로 보아 전문적인 정책연구를 수행하는 공적 회계전문연구기구의 설립을 추진할 필요가 있다. 별도의 회계전문연구기구를 설립할 경우 회계기준 제정과 회 계정책 연구의 효율성 극대화, 상시적 정책연구 기능의 강화, 회계분야 연구의 구심점 역할 및 회계정책분야 전문인력의 육성 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 정부출연기관법에 근거한 경제·인문사회연구회 산하 연구기관(국무총리 산하 공공기관) 형태의 회계전문연구기구의 설립을 가장 현실적인 방안으로 제시하였다. 이와같은 형태의 공적 회계연구기구는 외감법 대상기업 외에 모든 종류의 비영리조직과 공공부 문을 연구대상으로 할 수 있으며, 정부출연금을 주된 재원으로 하므로 독립적인 활동과 재 원의 안정성을 확보할 수 있다는 점에서 가장 바람직한 방안이라고 할 수 있다.

헌법재판연구원과 헌법재판실무의 연계성 제고를 위한 연구

공진성 제주대학교 법과정책연구원 2023 法과 政策 Vol.29 No.1

The Constitutional Research Institute is a constitutional research and educational institute under the Constitutional Court of Korea. The Constitutional Court, which is directly in charge of constitutional adjudication, should take responsibility for a trial within a reasonable time by ensuring the efficient execution of trial procedures for cases. As the Institute under the Constitutional Court was established to promote the development of the constitutional adjudication system and the qualitative improvement of constitutional adjudication, it should also substantially contribute to the practice of constitutional adjudication. The most important point of contact where the Institute can affect the efficiency of the adjudication work of the Constitutional Court lies in the research work of the two institutions. The extent to which the Institute can contribute to the efficiency of research work of the Constitutional Court depends on how close the relationship between the research work of the Institute and the practice of constitutional adjudication is. In order for the Institute to produce research results with high practical relevance, it is important to actively communicate and cooperate with the judicial assistant of the Constitutional Court as well as with external experts in the course of conducting research. In relation to the Constitutional Court, the Institute should promote a close relationship between its research work and the practice of the Constitutional Court by proposing research topics, participating in various types of research work, sharing of research data on cases and facilitating mutual exchange of personnel. In addition, the Institute should promote a close relationship between its research work and the practice of constitutional adjudication by increasing the number of advisors who support research. Proposals from external experts on research topics and joint research with external researchers should also be promoted. 헌법재판연구원은 헌법재판소 산하의 헌법연구 및 교육기관이다. 헌법재판연구원이 설립된지 12년이 지난 지금 헌법재판연구원이 본래 설립 취지에 맞게 운영되고 있는지 점검해 보고, 앞으로의 운영방안을 모색하는 일은 우리나라와 같은 연구원제도를 모색할 수 있는 다른 나라의 비교모델이 될 수 있다는 관점에서도 중요하다. 2022년 말 현재 헌법재판소의 미제사건이 1,672건에 달하고 매해 미제사건이 150여 건씩 증가하는 등 재판지연현상이 가속화되면서 공정하면서도 신속한 사건처리의 요청이 헌법재판소에 꾸준히 제기되고 있다. 이러한 공정하고 신속한 재판의 요청은 우선적으로 헌법재판사건을 직접 담당하고 있는 헌법재판소가 사건처리절차 등을 효율적으로 운영함으로써 실현하여야 할 책임이 있다. 다만, 헌법재판소 산하의 헌법재판연구원도 헌법재판제도의 발전과 헌법재판의 질적 향상에 기여하는 것을 설립목적으로 삼고 있는 만큼, 자신의 설립목적의 범위 내에서 실질적으로 헌법재판실무에 기여해야 한다. 헌법재판연구원이 헌법재판소의 심판업무의 효율성에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 가장 중요한 접점은 양 기관의 연구업무에 있다. 헌법재판연구원이 자신의 연구목적을 실현하는 과정에서 헌법재판소 연구업무의 효율성에 기여할 수 있는 정도는 헌법재판연구원이 자신의 연구기능을 수행함에 있어 위와 같은 헌법재판실무와의 연계성을 어떻게 밀도 있게 확보하는가에 달려 있다. 헌법재판연구원이 실무적 연계성이 높은 연구성과를 내기 위해서는 연구업무 진행과정에서 헌법재판실무를 담당하는 헌법재판소 연구부, 헌법재판실무에 관해 관심을 갖고 연구하는 외부 전문가들과 의사소통을 활발히 하고 다양한 방식으로 교류와 협력을 도모하는 것이 중요하다. 헌법재판연구원은 헌법재판소와의 관계에서 헌법재판소와 연구주제에 관한 의견교환, 상호 인적 교류 및 연구업무의 참여, 사건에 관한 연구자료의 공유를 통해서 연구업무의 실무적 연계성을 높이는 방안을 고려해야 한다. 또한 헌법재판연구원은 대외적으로는 연구주제 공모, 연구위원의 증원, 외부 연구자와의 공동연구 활성화를 통해 연구업무의 실무적 연계성을 제고하는 방안을 고려해야 한다.

정부출연연구기관과 중앙부처간 관계의 정치학: 한국교육개발원과 교육부를 중심으로

신철균 한국교육정치학회 2019 敎育政治學硏究 Vol.26 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the government - funded research institutes (KEDI) and the central ministries (Ministry of Education) and to show how the central ministries have pressure and influence on government - funded research institutes, The purpose is to clarify implications for the relationship between central ministries and government-funded research institutes. As a result of the research analysis, the characteristics of the relationship between the Educational Development Institute and the Ministry of Education are as follows: First, the Educational Development Institute is in a hierarchical relationship with the Ministry of Finance in terms of financial administration. Second, in the early stage of the establishment of the Educational Development Institute, the Educational Development Institute has a status as a unique position of research, but as the research "excellence" is gradually lost, the Educational Development Institute is still acting as a business agent with "stability". Third, as a research institute, the Educational Development Institute has a passive sympathy with its dependence on the Ministry of Education but nevertheless adopts aggressive tactics accompanied by actively responding, sometimes fighting against autonomy. In the future, the Educational Development Institute will need to secure the independence of the research institute by researchers who have secured expertise while developing their research capacity. The Ministry of Education will respect autonomous research through partnership with the research institute. 본 연구는 정부출연연구기관(한국교육개발원)과 중앙 부처(교육부) 간 관계의 양상을 밝히고 중앙 부처가 어떻게 정부출연연구기관에 압력과 영향을 미치며, 정부출연연구기관은 그에 대응하는 지를 드러내어, 중앙 부처와 정부출연연구기관의 관계의 정치성에 대해 시사점을 밝히는 것이 목적이다. 연구 분석 결과 교육개발원과 교육부 간 관계의 특징을 살펴보면 첫째, 교육개발원은 수탁 사업비가 연구 사업비에 비해 과도하게 많아져, 재정운영 상 교육부와의 관계에서 위계적 관계에 놓여 있다. 둘째, 교육개발원 설립 초기에는 교육개발원이 연구의 독보적인 위치로서 위상을 가졌지만, 점점 연구의 ‘탁월성’을 잃어가면서 교육개발원은 ‘안정성’을 갖춘 사업 대행자로서 역할에 그치고 있다. 셋째, 연구기관으로서 교육개발원은 교육부에 대한 의존성으로 수동적 동조를 하는 경우가 많지만, 때로는 자율성을 획득하기 위해 ‘적극적 대응’ 행위를 수반한 공격적 전술을 택하기도 하였다. 향후 교육개발원은 연구 역량을 키워나가면서 전문성을 확보한 연구진으로 연구 기관의 독립성을 확보하는 것이 필요하며, 교육부는 연구기관과의 파트너십을 통해 자율적 연구를 존중함과 동시에 교육부 특교 사업의 추진 방식을 변화시킬 필요성을 제안하였다.

제주 옹기문화연구회의 변천과 발전 방안

오창윤 한국도자학회 2016 한국도자학연구 Vol.13 No.2

Jeju Onggi Culture Research Institute was established to enhance cooperation and friendship among its members and conduct research on creative activities and Onggi (pottery or earthenware) culture in Jeju in 1999. Since its foundation, the institute has elevated its status through exhibitions, seminars and workshops based on creation of Onggi in Jeju. The study aimed to reflect on activities conducted by Jeju Onggi Culture Research Institute for the past 20 years and suggest a method of facilitating and developing Jeju Onggi Culture Research Institute based on it. The process and conclusion of the study can be summarized as follows. First, it is focused on examining and sorting through the background and transition of Onggi Culture Research Institute and analyzing such activities as seminars, exhibitions and workshops for the purpose of presenting such problems as reasons for failure in facilitation. Second, a questionnaire survey was conducted of its members on the level of satisfaction to figure out problems and reasons for reduction in membership and suggest a method of development. As a result of analyses, it turned out that reduced membership of Jeju Onggi Culture Research Institute was caused by change in its name into Jeju Onggi Design Association in 2013, failure in clarification of characterization of the organization (between exhibition and academic research), commercialization-oriented operation and transformed environment in terms of formation of an organization in Jeju since 2000, which resulted in decreased interest among its members, increased problems and reduced members. In order to facilitate and develop Jeju Onggi Culture Research Institute, it is necessary to clearly redefine the concept and characteristics of the organization and push for invigoration through systematic improvement of on-going projects. In addition, efforts need to be made to enable non-majors and people from all walks of life interested in Onggi culture to take part as members with an aim to proliferate Onggi culture and suggest a method of development through continuous exchanges and cooperation with Jeju Onggi Preservation Association and Jeju Onggi Cave Festival by emphasizing the necessity of facilitating the research institute. In addition to in-depth discussions, a lot of thoughts need to be given to Jeju Onggi Culture Research Institute so that it can make a leap forward and maintain its status as a leader in the Onggi culture and the pottery culture in Jeju in the future. Toward this end, the study is expected to serve as a milestone enabling Jeju Onggi Culture Research Institute to establish a new vision and mission and make a mid-to-long-term plan. 제주옹기문화연구회는 회원 간 협력과 유대를 도모하고, 창작활동 및 제주옹기문화에 대한연구를 목적으로 1999년 제주에서 창립된 단체이다. 창립이후 제주옹기작업을 기반으로 전시, 세미나와 워크샵을 통해 단체의 위상을 높여 왔다. 본 연구는 제주 옹기문화연구회의 과거 20여년의 활동을 뒤돌아보고 이를 통해 향후 제주옹기문화연구회가 보다 발전적인 단체로 나아가기 위한 활성화 방안을 제안·제시한다. 연구의 과정 및 결론은 첫째, 제주옹기문화와 옹기문화연구회의 성립배경과 변천과정에 대하여 조사·정리하고 세미나, 전시, 워크샵 등 제반활동을 분석하여 회의 활성화 실패요인 즉, 문제점을 제시하였다. 둘째, 회원들을 대상으로 만족도에 대한 설문조사를 실시하여 문제점과회원감소 등의 원인을 분석하고 이를 개선할 수 있는 발전방안을 제시하였다. 분석결과, 제주옹기문화연구회의 회원감소 원인은 2013년 제주옹기디자인협회로 단체명칭변경, 전시/학술연구 사이에서 단체성격을 명확하게 하지 못한 점, 사업위주의 회 운영과 2000 년 이후 제주의 단체형성 환경 변화 등으로 회원들의 흥미를 유발시키지 못하고 여러 가지문제점이 발생시키며, 회원감소의 원인으로 작용한 것으로 나타났다. 제주옹기문화연구회의 활성화와 발전을 위해서는 단체의 개념과 성격을 명확히 재정립함과동시에 단체에서 진행하는 사업에 대한 체계적인 정비를 통해 활성화를 모색해야 한다. 또한옹기문화 확산에 초점을 두고 비전공자, 옹기문화에 관심 있는 다양한 분야의 사람들이 회원참여가 이루어질 수 있는 방안마련과 제주전통옹기보존회, 제주옹기굴제 등과 지속적인 교류와 연계를 통한 회의 활성화가 필요하다는 발전방안을 제안·제시한다. 제주옹기문화연구회가 제주옹기문화와 도예문화를 선도하는 연구회로 위상을 유지하고 도약하기 위해서는 향후, 많은 고민과 함께 심도 깊은 논의가 이루어져야할 것으로 보인다. 본연구는 이러한 논의의 출발점으로서 향후, 제주옹기문화연구회가 새로운 비전 및 미션을 정립하고 이를 달성하기 위한 중․장기발전계획을 수립하여 이행해나감에 있어 이정표와 같은 역할을 수행할 수 있으리라 기대한다.

운영 관련 법규정 개정에 대한 제언 : 배아생성의료기관, 인체유래물은행, 배아연구기관 등의 기관생명 윤리위원회를 중심으로

김은애 이화여자대학교 생명의료법연구소 2015 생명윤리정책연구 Vol.9 No.1

Under the Bioethics and Safety Act, to ensure bioethics and safety, the Institutional Review Board(hereinafter referred to as ‘IRB’) has to be established not only the Human Research Institution and the Human Material Research Institution, but also the Medical Institution Producing Embryos, the Human Material Bank, the Embryo Research Institute, the Somatic-cell cloning embryo research institute, and the Parthenogenic Embryo Research Institute. The functions of the general IRBs such as the IRB of the former research institutions are to review the research whether to decide the approval and to inspect and supervise the progress and outcomes of the IRB approved research. But, in Korea, some IRBs such as the IRB of the latter medical institution and research institutes have the distinct characteristics of its roles, so these IRBs are different from the general IRBs. First, the Medical Institutions Producing Embryos mainly provides the medical treatment for the infertile persons, so it obtains the human gametes to create the human embryos. And, if necessary, it obtains the donated human gametes(especially, women’s oocytes) for the infertile persons. Also it can serve the residual human embryos and gametes to the research institutes. Second, the Human Material Bank secures the donated human materials and related information for the research to supply them to the researchers. Therefore, the IRBs of the Medical Institutions Producing Embryos and the Human Material Bank have to perform the roles related to these works. Third, the researches conducted in the Embryo Research Institute, the Somatic-cell cloning embryo research institute, and the Parthenogenic Embryo Research Institute are very special because the residual human embryos and oocytes containing the ethical issues have to be used. So, the IRBs of these research institutes must have the capacity to review and to inspect and supervise these researches more professionally. But, some provisions of the Bioethics and Safety Act related to these IRB’s distinct characteristics and its roles are a little incomplete and inadequate to support these IRB’s activities as the voluntary self-regulation. Of course, it is a false belief that everything can be solved by the law. However, the law, especially the Bioethics and Safety Act has to be able to present standards to ensure bioethics and safety because both the establishment of these IRBs and the conduct of its roles are based on the law in Korea. So, some provisions related to these IRBs will be able to be amended to support the remarkable activities of these IRBs. 우리나라에서는「생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법률」에 규정된 바에 따라 인간대상연구기관과 인체유래물연구기관 외에 배아생성의료기관, 인체유래물은행, 배아연구기관, 체세포복제배아연구기관, 단성생식배아연구기관도 기관생명윤리위원회(IRB)를 설치하여 운영하여야만 한다. 일반적인 IRB는 기관에서 이루어지는 연구에 대해 심의하고 연구의 진행과정 및 결과에 대해 조사·감독하는 역할을 주로 수행한다. 그런데, 배아생성의료기관에서는 연구가 아니라 체외수정시술을 받는 사람들을 위해 생식세포를 채취하여 배아를 생성하는 일, 임신을 위해 자신의 생식세포를 사용할 수 없는 사람들을 위해 다른 사람들로부터 생식세포를 기증받고 이를 제공해주는 일, 그리고 배아연구, 체세포복제배아연구, 단성생식배아연구를 위해 사용될 잔여배아와 잔여난자를 제공해주는 일이 이루어지고, 인체유래물은행에서는 연구도 이루어지지만 주로 연구를 위해 인체유래물과 관련 정보 등을 제공해주는 일이 이루어진다. 그러므로, 이들 기관의 IRB는 이러한 일들과 관련된 역할을 주로 수행하여야 한다는 점에서 일반적인 연구기관의 IRB와는 차이점이 있다. 그리고, 배아연구기관·체세포복제배아연구기관·단성생식배아연구기관에서는 배아와 난자를 이용하기 때문에 일반적인 연구보다 윤리적 쟁점이 더 많은 특수한 연구가 이루어진다. 따라서 이들 기관의 IRB는 일반적인 연구기관의 IRB에 비해 보다 전문적인 심의를 할 수 있어야 한다. 이 글에서는「생명윤리법」에 규정되어 있는 배아생성의료기관의 업무, 인체유래물은행의 업무, 배아연구기관·체세포복제배아연구기관·단성생식배아연구기관에서의 연구 및 관련 법적 기준 등을 확인하여 이러한 기관들의 IRB가 일반적인 연구기관의 IRB와 달리 가지고 있는 특수성이 무엇인지에 대해 살펴보고, 이러한 특수성에 맞게 IRB로서의 역할을 수행함에 있어 고려하여야 할 사항과 이와 관련한 법적인 측면에서의 개선사항에 대해 알아보고자 한다.

독일 공공연구기관의 성공요인 분석 : 막스플랑크연구회(Max Planck Gesellschaft)의 사례를 중심으로

박시훈(Si-hun Park),정선양(Sunyang Chung) 한국기술혁신학회 2019 기술혁신학회지 Vol.22 No.5

우리나라 정부출연연구소들은 1966년 한국과학기술연구소(KIST)의 설립 이후 우리나라 과학기술 및 경제 발전에 지대한 공헌을 해왔다. 그러나 80년대 중후반 이후 산업계와 대학의 연구능력 향상으로 출연(연)의 정체성과 역할에 대해 많은 비판과 논의가 있었고, 1999년 우리나라는 독일의 공공연구체제인 연구회(Gesellschaft: Research Council) 제도를 참조하고 도입해 운영해 오고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 지난 20여 년간의 연구회 제도의 시행 결과 우리나라 연구회와 출연(연) 시스템이 성공적인지에 대해서는 의문이 있다. 이에 따라, 본 논문에서는 우리나라가 벤치마킹한 독일의 연구회 제도 중 세계적인 기초연구 성과를 창출하는 막스플랑크연구회(MPG: Max Planck Gesellschaft)를 중심으로 분석하였다. 본 논문의 분석의 틀로는 그동안의 선행연구를 바탕으로 ① 인력, ② 자금, ③ 정부와의 관계, ④ 문화 등 네 가지 변수를 도출하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 독일 막스플랑크연구회는 최고의 인력을 확보 · 유지하고 안정적인 자금조달모형을 바탕으로 세계 최고의 연구성과를 창출한다는 문화와 미션을 바탕으로 운영되고 있으며, 중앙정부와 지방정부가 연구회에 대하여 전폭적인 자율성 보장과 막대한 신뢰를 부여하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 아울러 독일 연방정부는 지속적인 공공연구정책을 추진하였고 막스플랑크연구회 역시 지속적인 관련 사업을 추진함으로써 1948년 설립 이후 세계 최고의 공공연구기관으로 성장할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 막스플랑크연구회의 성공요인은 우리나라 정부와 연구회 및 출연(연)에 아주 의미 있는 시사점을 제공할 것이다. Korean public research institutes, which is called as Government-sponsored Research Institutes (GRIs), have played an essential role in Korea’s technological and economic development since the establishment of Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) in 1966. However, since the middle of the 1980s, Korean public research institutes have had a dilemma in their roles and responsibilities, as industrial companies and universities & colleges increased their R&D capabilities significantly. As a result, by benchmarking German system, Korea introduced the research council system in 1999 in order to enhance R&D productivities of public research institutes. However, after about 20 years of experiences of adopting this system, it is difficult to tell that the Korean research council system has operated successfully. In this study, therefore, we analyze the success factors of the German public research institutes, particularly focussing on the case of Max Planck Gesellschaft, which is recognized as the world best basic research institute in the world. For our purpose, we adopt an analytical framework which is composed of four variables such as people, funds, governmental relationship, and culture. We identified those variables through a series of intensive literature review on international and Korean public research institutes. According to our analysis, the Max Planck Gesellschaft has continued to make a great effort to achieve world’s best research performance in terms of inviting best scientists, training young scientists, and maintaining a stable funding model, and formulating and maintaining its own culture of best research performance. In addition, the German federal and regional governments have secured the research autonomy of Max Planck Gesellschaft and its research institutes. The German federal government has formulated sustainable S&T policies for public research institutes and the Max Planck Gesellschaft also implemented a series of its own programs for researchers and institutes. Based on the those success factors, the Max Planck Gesellschaft has become one of the best basic research institutes in the world since its establishment in 1948. The results identified in this paper would provide some very meaningful implications for the Korean government, National Research Council (NRC), and public research institutes in Korea.