Effect of ammonia on the kinetics of sulfur dioxide absorption into aqueous 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol solutions

Jeon, Soo-Bin,Cho, Joon-Hyung,Kang, Min-Kyoung,Lee, Sang-Sup,Kim, Bong-jun,Oh, Kwang-Joong Elsevier 2017 Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engine Vol.81 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Rate constants for the reaction of aqueous 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP)/ammonia (NH<SUB>3</SUB>) solutions with SO<SUB>2</SUB> were determined by measuring their SO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption rates. The SO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption characteristics of 30 wt% AMP solutions with added NH<SUB>3</SUB>(1, 3, and 5 wt%) were investigated using a stirred-cell reactor, and the rates of SO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption into the aqueous blended amine solutions were measured. The addition of 5 wt% NH<SUB>3</SUB> to AMP significantly increases the SO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption rate, as well as the rate constant for the reaction of AMP with SO<SUB>2</SUB> by 197%. The relevant Arrhenius expressions were found to be <SUB> k A M P , S <SUB> O 2 </SUB> </SUB> = 50.787 × 1 <SUP> 0 7 </SUP> exp ( − 3880.47 / T ) , and <SUB> k A M P + N <SUB> H 3 </SUB> , S <SUB> O 2 </SUB> </SUB> = 377.168 × 1 <SUP> 0 7 </SUP> exp ( − 4283.71 / T ) .</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The SO<SUB>2</SUB> mass transfer resistance of liquid phase between 5 and 15 kPa was disregarded. </LI> <LI> The SO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption rate on each absorbent increased exponentially proportional to the NH<SUB>3</SUB> addition. </LI> <LI> The absorption rate of SO<SUB>2</SUB> increased exponentially along partial pressure increase at each temperature. </LI> <LI> The overall reaction of SO<SUB>2</SUB> with AMP/NH<SUB>3</SUB> solution is the instantaneous reaction. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

표면처리에 의한 오일팜 EFB 기반 펄프몰드의 흡수특성변화

김동성,성용주,김철환,김세빈 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이技術 Vol.34 No.1

The applicability of oil palm biomass, EFB(Empty Fruit Bunch) as raw materials for environmental friendly packaging material, pulp mold, was evaluated in this study. The changes in the water absorption properties of pulp mold by the addition of EFB and the surface treatments with PVA and AKD were analyzed by measuring the changes in the water absorption rate and the water contact angle. The each pulp mold sample was prepared by using laboratory wet pulp molder. And the water absorption rate of each samples were evaluated by measuring times for the absorption of a 0.1 ml water drop on the pulp moldsample surface. The addition of EFB to the pulp mold made of OCC resulted in the decrease of water absorption rate andthe increase in the water contact angle. The surface treatments with PVA and AKD on the OCC pulp mold showed the significant reduction in the water absorption rate. However, in case of ONP pulp mold, the addition of EFB and the surface treatments with PVA and AKD showed no big changes in water absorption times. Those might be come from the finer surface structure of ONP pulp mold which were madeof more finer and flexible fibers and more hydrophilic fibers. The results of this study showed the functional properties such as water absorption rate, could be controlled by the application of EFB and thetreatments with AKD or PVA, especially in case of the OCC pulp mold.

Monitoring the water absorption in GFRE pipes via an electrical capacitance sensors

Altabey, Wael A.,Noori, Mohammad Techno-Press 2018 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.5 No.4

One of the major problems in glass fiber reinforced epoxy (GFRE) composite pipes is the durability under water absorption. This condition is generally recognized to cause degradations in strength and mechanical properties. Therefore, there is a need for an intelligent system for detecting the absorption rate and computing the mass of water absorption (M%) as a function of absorption time (t). The present work represents a new non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique for detecting the water absorption rate by evaluating the dielectric properties of glass fiber and epoxy resin composite pipes subjected to internal hydrostatic pressure at room temperature. The variation in the dielectric signatures is employed to design an electrical capacitance sensor (ECS) with high sensitivity to detect such defects. ECS consists of twelve electrodes mounted on the outer surface of the pipe. Radius-electrode ratio is defined as the ratio of inner and outer radius of pipe. A finite element (FE) simulation model is developed to measure the capacitance values and node potential distribution of ECS electrodes on the basis of water absorption rate in the pipe material as a function of absorption time. The arrangements for positioning12-electrode sensor parameters such as capacitance, capacitance change and change rate of capacitance are analyzed by ANSYS and MATLAB to plot the mass of water absorption curve against absorption time (t). An analytical model based on a Fickian diffusion model is conducted to predict the saturation level of water absorption ($M_S$) from the obtained mass of water absorption curve. The FE results are in excellent agreement with the analytical results and experimental results available in the literature, thus, validating the accuracy and reliability of the proposed expert system.

천연염색의 매염제 흡착 및 매염조건에 관한 연구

주영주(Chu Young-Joo) 한국복식학회 2005 服飾 Vol.55 No.5

In this article, mordant absorption rate by the Change of temperature and fabric, discharge level by water washing, mordant density and method in mordant dye are going to be handled. Besides, how treatment method will have an effect on absorption rate and color, is also going to be covered. An atom extinction photometer was used to measure the amount of mordant absorbed in fabric at each temperature and mordant type. It turned out that absorption rate differs according to the type of mordant and sample or temperature. Also it turned out that the mordant input amount has little influence on absorption rate, that is to say, if though you use more mordants, just tiny amount of mordant is going to be absorbed in cloth. It is true that the higher temperature goes up, the better mordant absorption gets. It is found that the type of mordant and sample, treatment period affects the discharge rate. Normally mordant comes off the fabric by water washing, to be specific, Iron by water washing and it has better performance on cotton and nylon than silk, Aluminum by water washing and better absorption on silk, Chrome by water washing and better absorption on silk, copper by water washing and better absorption on silk, poor on cotton. The examination of the K/S values and colors between before and after soaping has been conducted under the circumstance that the test fabrics had been treated at for 30 minutes with soaping solution. In case of pre-mordanted fabrics, the K/S value nosedived after soaping, meanwhile densely mordanted fabric's K/S value soared but after soaping, it dropped sharply. It turned out that soaping treatment deteriorates absorption much more than water washing. It's considered that (W/V) of mordant density is appropriate.

Potential of different additives to improve performance of potassium carbonate for CO2 absorption

Rouzbeh Ramezani,Saeed Mazinani,Renzo Di Felice 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.10

The performance of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) solution promoted by three amines, potassium alaninate (K-Ala), potassium serinate (K-Ser) and aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA), in terms of heat of absorption, absorption capacity and rate was studied experimentally. The experiments were performed using a batch reactor, and the results were compared to pure monoethanolamine (MEA) and K2CO3 solutions. The heat of absorption of K2CO3+additive solution was calculated using the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation. In addition, a correlation for prediction of CO2 loading was presented. The results indicated that absorption heat, absorption rate and loading capacity of CO2 increase as the concentration of additive increases. The blend solutions have higher CO2 loading capacity and absorption rate when compared to pure K2CO3. The heat of CO2 absorption for K2CO3+additive solutions was found to be lower than that of the pure MEA. Among the additives, AEEA showed the highest CO2 absorption capacity and absorption rate with K2CO3. In conclusion, the K2CO3+AEEA solution with high absorption performance can be a potential solvent to replace the existing amines for CO2 absorption.

Screening test for aqueous solvents used in CO2 capture: K2CO3 used with twelve different rate promoters

박상원,송호준,이민구,박진원 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.1

K2CO3 solution is widely used in the CO2-capture industry. In particular, it has advantages for treating CO2in flue gas under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. However, it has a lower CO2-loading capacity and slower absorption kinetics than those of amines, which are its major disadvantages. Thus, in this study, we investigated ten loading-rate promoters, five primary amines and five secondary amines, to develop higher CO2-loading capacity and faster absorption kinetics. The screening tests of the absorption and desorption processes were conducted at 70 oC and 90 oC, respectively. Based on the results, we concluded that all the amines used improved the CO2-loading and absorption kinetics compared with the use of K2CO3 alone. At a certain value CO2 loading, the respective performance of the primary and secondary amines was twice and thrice better, respectively, than the neat K2CO3 solution. Thus,secondary amines had superior absorption capacity and absorption/desorption rate compared to primary amines. Among the secondary amines, pipecolic acid, sarcosine, and isonipecotic acid were determined as the most effective absorption rate promoters.

Study on CR/SAP Water Swellable Composite for Application of Functional Additives to Improve Water Absorption Rate

( Eunho Seo ),( Sungwook Lim ),( Seungwan Kang ),( Dongbin Han ),( Eunyoung Park ) 한국고무학회 2020 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.55 No.4

This study focused on experiments with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), which are functional additives for water-expandable rubber. Polychloroprene rubber (CR)/superabsorbent polymer (SAP) composites were prepared and their cure behaviors, mechanical properties, water absorption rates, and surface morphology were measured based on the functional additives applied. When PEG and GMA were applied to the composites, the water absorption rate increased-including the initial rate-compared to that measured when functional additives were not used. The results also show that PEG has a hydrophilic functional group, which allows it to absorb more water, and GMA acts as a coupling agent between CR and SAP. However, with the introduction of functional additives, the cure rate slowed down and the mechanical properties also decreased.

Åbsoro-PepTM의 3D 라만 분광 피부 측정기를 이용한 피부 흡수도 개선에 대한 예비적 인체적용시험

권승빈,박소연,이봉직,손미령,안규중,안인숙 한국피부과학연구원 2024 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.22 No.1

Purpose: The skin acts as a barrier to prevent external harmful substances from entering the body. This function interferes with active ingredient absorption. Understanding the degree of absorption of the substance into the skin is important to predict the effectiveness of cosmetic active ingredients. This study aimed to investigate the human efficacy of Åbsoro-Pep™ substance, which contains gold cysteinyl hydroxy-prolyl dipeptide-48 as a key ingredient, for improving absorption. Methods: This study conducted a human application test to evaluate the improvement in skin absorption (including absorption rate, speed, and depth) of Åbsoro-Pep™ using three-dimensional Raman spectroscopy, targeting adult women aged 20–68 years. Results: The results revealed that skin absorption rate, speed, and depth were all significantly enhanced (p<0.001) 30 min after application of the test substance compared to before application. Additionally, a high-concentration test confirmed that substance A application site was more helpful than substance B application site by improving skin absorption rate, speed, and depth by 1.80, 2.13, and 2.13 times, respectively. Conclusion: Åbsoro-Pep™, which combines gold nanoparticles with peptides, is expected to be predominantly used and applied in functional cosmetics to improve skin absorption. 목적: 피부는 외부 유해물질의 내부 침입을 보호하는 장벽기능을 한다. 이런 장벽기능은 유효성분의 흡수에 대해 방해 작용을 한다. 화장품 유효성분의 효과를 기대하기 위해서는 물질의 피부 흡수 정도를 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 gold cysteinyl hydroxyprolyl dipeptide-48 hydroxyprolyl dipeptide-48을 핵심성분으로 하는 Åbsoro-PepTM 물질의 흡수도 개선에 대한 인체효능평가를 진행하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 20-68세의 성인여성을 대상으로 3D Raman Spectroscopy를 이용하여 Åbsoro-PepTM의 피부 흡수도(피부 흡수율, 피부 흡수 속도, 피부 흡수 깊이) 개선에 대한 인체적용시험을 실시하였다. 결과: 피부 흡수도 개선도를 분석한 결과, 피부 흡수량, 피부 흡수 속도, 피부 흡수 깊이 모두 시험물질 사용전과 비교하여 시험물질 사용 30분 후 통계적으로 유의한 수준으로(p<0.001) 개선됨을 나타냈다. 또한 높은 농도인 시험물질 A 도포부위가 B 도포부위의 1.80배 피부 흡수율 개선, 2.13배 피부흡수속도 개선, 2.13 배 피부 흡수 깊이 개선으로 더욱 도움을 주는 것으로 확인하였다. 결론: 금나노입자가 펩타이드와 결합한 Åbsoro-PepTM은 피부 흡수도를 개선하여 그 효능을 극대화함으로써 기능성 화장품에서의 폭넓은 활용과 응용을 기대하고자 한다.

표면처리에 의한 오일팜 EFB 기반 펄프몰드의 흡수특성 변화

김동성(Dong-Sung Kim),성용주(Yong Joo Sung),김철환(Chul-Hwan Kim),김세빈(Se-Bin Kim) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.1

The applicability of oil palm biomass, EFB(Empty Fruit Bunch) as raw materials for environmental friendly packaging material, pulp mold, was evaluated in this study. The changes in the water absorption properties of pulp mold by the addition of EFB and the surface treatments with PVA and AKD were analyzed by measuring the changes in the water absorption rate and the water contact angle. The each pulp mold sample was prepared by using laboratory wet pulp molder. And the water absorption rate of each samples were evaluated by measuring times for the absorption of a 0.1 ml water drop on the pulp mold sample surface. The addition of EFB to the pulp mold made of OCC resulted in the decrease of water absorption rate and the increase in the water contact angle. The surface treatments with PVA and AKD on the OCC pulp mold showed the significant reduction in the water absorption rate. However, in case of ONP pulp mold, the addition of EFB and the surface treatments with PVA and AKD showed no big changes in water absorption times. Those might be come from the finer surface structure of ONP pulp mold which were made of more finer and flexible fibers and more hydrophilic fibers. The results of this study showed the functional properties such as water absorption rate, could be controlled by the application of EFB and the treatments with AKD or PVA, especially in case of the OCC pulp mold.

Rate-based model for predicting and evaluating H2S absorption in the haloalkaliphilic biological desulfurization process

Zheng Chen,Gama Yang,Tingzhen Mu,Maohua Yang,Nadia A. Samak,Sumit Peh,Yunpu Jia,Xuemi Hao,Xuhao Zhao,Jianmin Xing 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.110 No.-

The highly efficient performance of H2S absorption is the crucial indicator for haloalkaliphilic biologicaldesulfurization (HBDS) because it immediately concerns the H2S removal efficiency and pH change ofalkaline solutions. Therefore, we investigated the effect of operating parameters on the H2S absorption’sperformance under haloalkaline conditions. The gas–liquid ratio and packing height significantly improveH2S removal efficiency, from 80% to 90% and 66% to 99%, respectively. The absorption temperature had atrivial impact on the H2S removal efficiency, and the maximum value appeared at 45 C. Additionally, alloperating parameters caused pH changes that varied in the acceptable range (0.1 to 0.5) during theabsorption process. A rate-based model was successfully developed to predict the haloalkaliphilic H2Sabsorption process accurately. Moreover, this model could be implemented to effectively evaluate theHBDS system’s stability and provide reliable theoretical guidance for the industrial HBDS process toensure good process stability.