일반논문 : 강소기업 R&D 인력 교육훈련의 핵심성공요인

이찬 ( Chan Lee ),박윤희 ( Yoon Hee Park ),여수경 ( Soo Kyoung Yeo ),이재은 ( Jae Eun Lee ) 한국중소기업학회 2012 中小企業硏究 Vol.34 No.3

최근 강소기업에 대한 관심이 집중되면서 관련된 연구가 활발하게 전개되고 있다. 그러나 강소기업으로 성장하는 데 필요한 핵심 원동력이라고 할 수 있는 R&D 인력 육성에 대한 실증적 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이 연구는 강소기업의 기술 경쟁력을 확보하는 데 필수적인 요소라고 할 수 있는 R&D 인력 육성의 핵심 성공요인을 우리나라의 성공적인 강소기업의 R&D 교육훈련 사례를 통해 규명하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 먼저 CIPP 모형을 분석의 틀로 삼고 선행연구 분석을 통해 각각 상황, 투입, 과정, 산출 별로 가설적 성공요인을 도출하였다. 이를 실증적으로 검증하기 위하여 국내 4개 기관에서 선정된 236개의 강소기업을 모집단으로 하여 그 중 연구개발비, 연구원 수 등의 기준으로 최종 50개 기업을 선정 후 인터뷰를 수락한 11개 기업에 대해 핵심성공요인을 도출하기 위한 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 인터뷰는 11개 기업의 R&D 교육담당자 11명, R&D 부서의 연구책임자 4명을 대상으로 진행되었으며, 이를 통하여 R&D 인력 교육훈련과 관련된 9개의 명제를 도출하였다. 9개의 명제 중 R&D 교육훈련 성과에 영향을 미친 요인으로는 CEO 지원, 지속적인 학습문화, 학습인센티브 제도, 사내강사 활용, 무형식학습, 교육 후 사후관리였다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 우리나라 중소기업의 R&D 교육훈련 연구와 이를 지원하기 위한 정책관련 시사점을 제시하였다. A small giant business called Hidden Champion produces values through continued research and development for new markets. In industry, they also gain technical advantages which are hard to be mimicked by other competitive in Korea so that they provide a lot of implications for domestic small and medium business. Since the concept of small giant business was emerged in industry, it has actively been developed to be studied in Korea, but it has been mainly focused on the limited area such as ``finding new market``, ``marketing strategy,`` and ``success factors.`` For this reason, the empirical research for the development of R&D workforce, a key for a small giant business, is insufficient. This study was conducted to identify the key success factors of the R&D workforce development which are essential to get technical competitiveness for small giant businesses through successful R&D training and development of small giant businesses in Korea. This research was conducted based on the following procedures : 1) successful small giant businesses were select according to the outstanding performance of technical development among domestic small and medium businesses; 2) in-depth analysis was conducted about training and development systems of the selected small giant businesses; and 3) key success factors of R&D workforce development were drawn. The research employed a CIPP model as an analysis framework and drew hypothetical success factors of each context, inputs, process, and outputs through a review of literature. First of all, we conducted literature review and drew effective variables of training and development of small and medium-sized businesses that were identified as internal and external environment, task of trainees, internal characteristics of trainees and training programs factors. In this study, we empirically verified the effective variables that were mainly focused on the external environment of company and training programs factors except the internal characteristics of trainees, which were less relevant to the factors of company. The data were collected through a sample of 236 small giant business selected among domestic 4 institutes. We selected 85 companies that had a higher R&D budget per sales rather than those with an industrial average, because we supposed that those companies with bigger investment in R&D would put more budgets in training and development of R&D workforce. We selected top 50 companies for a number of researchers who were registered in the Korea Industrial Technology Association (KOITA) because we supposed that the best practices of development and training of companies would be gathered more likely if the companies had enough R&D workforce. Among the selected 50 companies, we introduced ourselves to the company managers and asked for an interview the employees of the companies through phone calls and e-mails, and conducted the in-depth interviews for 11 companies which allowed us to find training and development of R&D workforce. The interviews were conducted on 11 trainers and 4 research directors of R&D department of 11 companies. According to this research, we drew 9 propositions in terms of training and development of R&D workforce. The significant factors of R&D training and development performance among 9 propositions were support of CEO, continuous learning culture, learning incentive system, usage of in-house trainers in company, informal learning, and following up service of learning. Based on the research result, several policy implications were suggested to support R&D training and development of small and medium companies in Korea. The suggestions to improve the performance of R&D training and development of small and medium-sized companies are as follows: First, in terms of learning method, informal learning that uses internal resources of organizations such as company academy, seminar, meeting, and knowledge sharing is effective for improving the performance of training and development. Regarding training and development system, learning incentive system and follow-up service of learning are effective for improving the performance of training and development. Moreover, the support of CEO and continuous learning culture will be helpful to improve performance of training and development in the organizational culture. Second, the investment of training and development, the planning of training and development, and the evaluation of training and development are not included in the hypothetical success factors. This implies that they are not critical success factors to conduct successful training and development, but essential factors to make training and development successful. Third, R&D organizational features and R&D cycle will affect the strength of informal learning and they will be considered when empirical R&D research is conducted. Furthermore, this research provides implications of policy for establishing small and medium companies. First of all, in order to maximize the uses of human resources in small and medium businesses, it is necessary to support the system for developing in-house trainers. In addition, the learning incentive system that can have a positive effect on R&D training and development should be supported at the corporate level policy. The results of this research provide directions for future research. First, in this research, the success factors of R&D training and development of small giant companies were drawn by the responses of interviewees. Therefore, future research may identify a causal relationship between R&D training and development and the performance of companies. Second, this research findings were based on the result of the survey to 238 small giant companies so that the result could be hard to apply for all small giant businesses. In this sense, an interesting avenue for future research is to conduct surveys to every small giant business to have he results to be generalized. Third, the in-depth interview was conducted for HRD directors in small giant companies in this research. Therefore, in order to maximize the effect of the result of interview, future research may carry out more interviews of participants who attended successful R&D training program, and further study can identify key success factors through SCM (Success Case Method).

USLE R factor의 공간적 분석을 위한 Web 기반의 WERM_S 모듈 개발

리살아베이 ( Avay Risal ),김종건 ( Jonggun Kim ),한정호 ( Jeongho Han ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국농공학회 2016 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2016 No.-

Soil erosion modelling is very complicated process since erosion varies considerably over space and time. Universal Soil loss Equation is one of the oldest and popular empirical model being used for the estimation of soil loss which is based on six input parameters namely R, K, L, S, C and P .Erosivity or R-factor is one of the six input parameters which accounts impacts of rainfall amount and intensity in soil erosion. The gauge rainfall data are being used for the determination of USLE R factor but due to spatial and temporal variability of rainfall pattern, it varies considerably over space and time. So we need to obtain the rainfall data over a surface rather than rainfall at a point so that we can calculate spatially distributed R factor values for the detailed soil erosion assessment. RADAR is one of the possible source of such spatial and temporal rainfall data. Even though having those desired rainfall data, the process of manual R factor calculation for each raster cell is very tedious, time consuming and practically impossible. So a web based WERM_S module was developed which can automatically compute spatial R factor values from the bulk of spatial rainfall data. The WERM_S is based on three different FORTRAN code and thus has three separate modules inside it namely Convert Module, R factor calculation module and R factor ASCI module. The Jaun-ri watershed was selected as a study area for which the RADAR rainfall data for the month of July and August was obtained for the purpose of testing the module. Event based R factor values of each raster cell was calculated which were then summed up for a month to get monthly R factor. The average of R factor for all the pixels for July was found to be 1000.7 MJ.mm/ha/hr/month and that for August was found to be 991 MJ.mm/ha/hr/month. The maximum R factor value was seen to be 4382 and 6093 MJ.mm/ha/hr/mth for July and August respectively. Similarly the minimum R factor of 0 was obtained for several pixels. The monthly R factor of each cell was then converted back into a single asci file so that the resulting spatially distributed R factor map can be visualized in GIS. Spatial R factor values is the better choice over average R factor values derived from the station and WERM_S can be very effective tool to calculate Spatial values of R factor from 10 minute interval asci files( file obtained from radar) of any location.

연구개발지출 종단면 연구 - 외부요인 중심으로 -

김형주 한국회계정보학회 2016 재무와회계정보저널 Vol.16 No.2

We have discussed the preceding research of the relevance of economic benefits of R&D expenditure with several ways by focusing on research method or internal/external factor. However, these researches have been criticized because the researches were bound within specific issues (business accounting statements, economic issues) based mostly on crosssectional analysis. As a result, the preceding research has come to mean that external factor is homogeneous. Responding to the problem posing, in this research, we will consider the heterogeneity of external factor of R&D expenditure, and we approached to the issue with longitudinal analysis technique in consideration of currency’s time value. Therefore, this research is differentiated by exploring the relevance based on the heterogeneity of R&D expenditure and external factor. In 1982, the enforcement of governmental specific R&D investment policy became a signal of business R&D expenditure. But, because of frequent revision of accounting standards and large economic issues, corporations struggled with the decision-making for R&D expenditure. As a result, corporations considered various countermeasures such as making contingency plan, but the academic world paid no attention to this factor(external factor). In this research, we investigated the heterogeneity of external factor, and based on the factor we approached to economic benefits of R&D expenditure with longitudinal analysis. Since longitudinal analysis is the way to simultaneously observe the flow of R&D expenditure and the effect of external factor for a long time, in this research we observed the economic benefits in consideration of the relationship between R&D expenditure of national corporations for 32 years and heterogeneous external factor. At introduction, R&D expenditure of 1 won was shown as economic benefit with 0.101 won. But, it was shown as -0.043 won at first growth, 0.057 won at second growth, 0.042 won at identity and 0.053 won at advancement. Therefore, we confirmed the economic benefits of R&D expenditure of national corporations largely got affected by external factors (revision of business accounting statements or large scale issue affecting business administration). This longitudinal analysis confirmed that there is the process of the relevance of economic benefits of R&D expenditure, and in this process external factor had an effect on the variation of R&D expenditure and the variation of R&D expenditure had an effect on economic benefits. Therefore, this research will contribute to offering the useful information for the decisionmaking of business R&D expenditure, and will give the policy implication as the useful information for making national R&D investment plan, revising related prescripts and selecting the time of policy enforcement. 연구개발지출 관련 선행연구는 내․외부요인이나 연구방법 중심으로 다양하게 논의되어왔다. 그러나 대부분의 연구들은 특정 사건(기업회계 기준서, 경제적인 사건)에 기초하였으며, 횡단면분석으로 이루어졌다. 이로 인해 연구개발지출 선행연구는 외부요인을 동질적으로 보았음을 의미하게 되었다. 이 같은 문제의 제기에 따라 본 연구는 연구개발지출 연구에 외부요인의 이질성을 고려하며, 화폐의 시간가치를 고려하고자 종단면 분석기법을 적용하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 연구개발지출과 외부요인의 이질성에 준거함으로써 차별화하였다. 1982년 정부의 특정연구개발투자 정책이 기업의 연구개발지출 시그널이 되었으나, 잦은 회계기준의 개정과 대규모 경제적 사건들로 인해 기업의 연구개발지출 의사결정에 많은 어려움이되었다. 이로 인해 기업은 컨틴전시플랜(contingency plan)을 세우는 등 다양하게 준비하였으나, 학계는 외부요인의 고려에 소홀한 나머지 경영자의 시나리오 경영을 부추기는 결과로 이어져위기대응 시기를 놓치게 만들었다. 이에 본 연구는 연구개발 관련연구에 외부요인 고려를 위해, 외부요인의 이질성을 조사하는 기법과 종단면 분석기법으로 접근하였다. 종단면 연구는 오랜 기간 연구개발지출 흐름과 외부요인을 동시에 관찰할 수 있는 기법으로, 본 연구에서는 32년간 국내 기업의 연구개발지출과 외부요인의 이질성에 초점을 두었다. 도입기에는 1원의 연구개발지출이 0.101원의 경제적효익으로 나타났으나, 성장 1기에는 -0.043원, 성장 2기에는 0.057원, 정체기에는 0.042원, 고도화기에는 0.053원으로 나타나, 국내 기업의 연구개발지출 경제적효익은 외부요인(기업회계기준서 개정이나, 기업 경영에 큰 영향을 미친 사건)의 영향을 크게 받아왔음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 종단면 연구에서는 연구개발지출의 경제적효익 관련성에 프로세스가 있음을 확인시켜주고 있으며, 이 같은 프로세스에서 외부요인은 연구개발지출의 증․감에 영향을 미쳤고, 연구개발지출의 증․감은 경제적효익에 영향을 미쳤음을 알려주고 있었다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 기업의 연구개발지출 의사결정 과정에 유용한 정보의 제공은 물론, 국가 연구개발투자계획수립이나, 관련 규정의 개정, 혹은 정책의 시행 시점 선정 등에 유용한 정보로 정책적 시사점을 가질 것이다.

체외배양한 인제대정맥혈관내피세포에서 R. tsutsugamushi 감염이 Tissue Factor와 Type 1 Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor의 발현에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김미란,기선호,배현주,장우현,박선양,최강원 대한감염학회 1995 감염 Vol.27 No.4

목적:쯔쯔가무시질환시 생기는 전신혈액응고장애의 병인 기전이 rickettsia의 침투에 의한 혈관내피세포의 손상, 그에 따른 tissue factor의 발현, 뒤이은 tissue type plasminogen activator(tPA)의 분비와 보상기전으로 type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI-1)이 분비되는 과정으로 생각하고 이를 보고자 연구를 시행하였다. 방법:체외배양한 혈관내피세포에 순수분리한 Rickettsia tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 상층액에서 ELISA법으로 tPA와 PAI-1을 측정하였고 혈관내피세포 단층배양에서 면역형광법으로 tissue factor를 측정하였으며 PAI-1 유전자의 발현을 확인하고자 Northern blot analysis로 PAI-1 mRNA를 확인하였다. 결과: 1) PAI-1 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 24시간에 가장 높은 농도를 보이며 그 증가량은 정상대조군에 비해 2.5배에서 4.7배까지 증가 하였다. 2) R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 혈관내피세포에서 분비되는 tPA의 분비는 정상대조군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) Northern blot analysis에 의한 PAI-1 mRNA의 발현 검색 결과 정상대조군에 비해 R. tsutsugamush가 감염된 혈관내피세포에서는 PAI-1의 발현이 2.5배 정도 증가하였다. 4) 혈관내피세포 단층배양에 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 24시간에 tissue factor단일클론 항체와 FITC-conjugated anti mouse IgG를 이용한 간접 면역형광항체법으로 tissue factor를 측정한 결과 혈관내피세포 표면에서 tissue factor의 존재를 확인할 수 있었다. 결론:단층배양한 혈관내피세포에 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시켰을 때 tissue factor가 발현되었고 PAI-1의 분비가 증가하여 24시간에 가장 많이 분비되었다. 그러나 tPA의 분비는 정상대조군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. Nothern blot analysis를 통한 PAI-1 mRNA의 발현 검색 결과 PAI-1이 새로이 생성되어 분비됨을 확인하였다. Background:Tissue type plasminogen activator(tPA), type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), and von Willebrand factor are known to be released into the sera of patients in disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC). The main pathologic mechanism of tsutsugamushi disease is the vasculitis by direct endothelial cell invasion by R. tsutsugamushi which dosen't have endotoxin. It is suspected that the mechanisms of DIC and activation of plasminogen activation system are different from those of sepsis by other organisms. which is caused by endotoxin. We suspect that direct rickettsial invasion of endothelial cells causes endothelial cell damage, tissue factor release, which is followed by DIC, and tPA and PAI-1 are released as compensatory mechanism. Methods:We cultured endothelial cells from human umbilical cord vein, infected them with purified R. tsutsugamushi Gilliam strain, checked tPA and PAI-1 by ELISA in culture supernatant. Then we observed the tissue factor expression on cultured endothelial cell monolayer by indirect IF stain. PAI-1 gene expression was evaluated by northern blot analysis. Results: 1) PAI-1 level showed gradual increase up to 240ng/ml (2.5-4.7 fold increase) in 24 hours. 2) tPA level showed no significant change with time. 3) PAI-1 gene expression increased 2.5 fold by northern blot analysis. 4) Tissue factor was expressed on the endothelial cells infected with R. tsutsugamushi. Conclusion: R. tsutsugamushi infection induces expression of tissue factor on endothelial cells and PAI-1 synthesis and it would contribute to DIC mechanism in tsutsugamushi disease in part. But it has no direct effect on tPA release.

R544C Mutation을 가진 CADASIL 환자의 혈관성 위험인자

이정석,최재철,강사윤,나해리,강지훈 대한치매학회 2009 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.8 No.2

Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an inherited arteriopathy caused by mutation in the notch 3 gene. Characteristic features include recurrent ischemic stroke, migraine, and progressive cognitive decline. Despite the highly stereotyped nature of CADASIL, marked phenotypic variation has been reported, which suggest that other factors may modulate the disease process. Possible factors include both environmental and other genetic factor. In the present study we sought to determine whether conventional cardiovascular risk factors influence phenotype and MRI markers in CADASIL patients that carry an R544C mutation. Methods: Fifty three consecutive patients with R544C mutation were investigated. Then patients were divided into two groups depending on the presence (VR group) or absence (non-VR group) of conventional vascular risk factors. Vascular risk factors included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, ischemic heart disease, smoking, and heavy drinking. Thirty four patients belonged to VR group and the remaining 19 patients to the non-VR group. All patients underwent a detailed neuropsychological testing including Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) and MR imaging protocols. Results: VR group demonstrated an increase in lacunar infracts (p=0.038) and cerebral microbleeds (p=0.002). However, there was no significant difference in the ADAS-cog and MMSE scores between VR group and non-VR group. The memory scores of ADAS-cog (delayed recall test) were lower in VR group than non-VR group (p=0.049). However, digit span backward scores were lower in non-VR group than VR group (p=0.048). Conclusions: We observed increase in lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds in VR group. These findings suggest that conventional vascular risk factor may predispose to cerebrovascular events in CADASIL patients with notch3 R544C mutation. Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an inherited arteriopathy caused by mutation in the notch 3 gene. Characteristic features include recurrent ischemic stroke, migraine, and progressive cognitive decline. Despite the highly stereotyped nature of CADASIL, marked phenotypic variation has been reported, which suggest that other factors may modulate the disease process. Possible factors include both environmental and other genetic factor. In the present study we sought to determine whether conventional cardiovascular risk factors influence phenotype and MRI markers in CADASIL patients that carry an R544C mutation. Methods: Fifty three consecutive patients with R544C mutation were investigated. Then patients were divided into two groups depending on the presence (VR group) or absence (non-VR group) of conventional vascular risk factors. Vascular risk factors included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, ischemic heart disease, smoking, and heavy drinking. Thirty four patients belonged to VR group and the remaining 19 patients to the non-VR group. All patients underwent a detailed neuropsychological testing including Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) and MR imaging protocols. Results: VR group demonstrated an increase in lacunar infracts (p=0.038) and cerebral microbleeds (p=0.002). However, there was no significant difference in the ADAS-cog and MMSE scores between VR group and non-VR group. The memory scores of ADAS-cog (delayed recall test) were lower in VR group than non-VR group (p=0.049). However, digit span backward scores were lower in non-VR group than VR group (p=0.048). Conclusions: We observed increase in lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds in VR group. These findings suggest that conventional vascular risk factor may predispose to cerebrovascular events in CADASIL patients with notch3 R544C mutation.

R&D 투자의 기업 총요소생산성 제고효과 한,일간 비교연구

백철우(Chul Woo Baek),엄익천(Ik Cheon Um),이순배(Sun Bae Lee) 한국아시아학회 2014 아시아연구 Vol.17 No.3

본 연구에서는 한국, 일본 각 국에서 조사된 과학기술연구개발활동조사와 기업 재무제표를 활용하여 R&D 투자의 총요소생산성 제고 효과를 기업 수준에서 한·일간 비교분석하였다. 전체적으로는 NISTEP(2009)의 분석틀을 따르되 R&D 투자를 기업 자체 R&D투자와 정부 R&D지원으로 구분하였고, 대기업과 중소기업의 기업규모에 따른 효과의 차별성도 추가적으로 고려하였다. 분석결과, 경제성장에서 총요소생산성의 기여도는 일본 44.0%, 한국 41.3%로 유사한 수준이었으나, 총요소생산성 증가에서 R&D의 기여도는 일본 28.0%, 한국 10.3%로 한국이 크게 낮음을 확인하였다. 특히 정부 R&D지원의 총요소생산성 기여도는 0.25%로 극히 미미하며, 대기업보다 중소기업에 대한 정부 R&D지원이 그나마 효과가 높게 나타났다. 이는 정부 R&D의 비효율적 투자구조를 개선하고 간접적인 기술혁신 지원수단을 활성화하는 동시에 기업규모별로 차별화 된 R&D지원이 필요함을 시사한다. This research aims to compare Korea and Japan in relation with the contribution of R&D investments to Total Factor Productivity at the firm level by combining the raw data of the R&D Activity Survey and financial statements. The comparative analysis framework to be used is that of NISTEP(2009) in which the contribution of R&D to Total Factor Productivity is defined as the gap between Total Factor Productivity with current R&D investments and counter-factual Total Factor Productivity without R&D investments. However, this analytical tool is differentiated by decomposing the R&D investment into internal R&D and government subsidy, and by considering size effect between large-sized enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises. Its research results are quite interesting in that there could not be much of a difference between the two countries in the contribution of Total Factor Productivity to economy growth, as 44.0% in Japan and 41.3% in Korea. However, the contribution of R&D investments to Total Factor Productivity in Korea was only 10.3% much lower than 28.0% in Japan. In addition, the contribution of government subsidies to Total Factor Productivity in Korea was just 0.25%, and it became higher when the government gave subsidies to small and medium-sized enterprises. These results have such policy implications that it is necessary to improve inefficient investment structure of government R&D, to reinforce indirect support for technology innovation, and to differentiate R&D support by firm size.

R&D 프로젝트 리스크관리의 기술적요인과 비기술적 요인에 관한 연구

심현숙,김상훈,목진철,이태호,라장원 한국프로젝트경영학회 2012 한국프로젝트경영연구 Vol.2 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 혁신적 기술이 기업경영의 핵심 성공요인이던 R&D시대에서 기술 외적인‘비기술적 요인’이 기업성공 요인으로 주목받는 R&BD(Research and Business Development)시대가 됨에 따라, 실제 연구 환경에서의 R&BD 프로젝트 리스크의 기술적 요인과‘비기술적 요인’에 대한 실증분석을 통해‘비기술적 요인’에 대한 필요성을 제고하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구를 위해 첫째, R&D 프로젝트 리스크 관리에서 기술적 요인에 비해 비기술적 요인의 중요도 우선순위가 높을 것이라는 가설을 세웠으며, 둘째, 산업분야별로도 비기술적 요인의 영향력이 더 높을 것이라는 가설을 세웠다. 마지막으로, R&D 조직의 직급에 따라 기술적·비기술적 요인의 우선순위 인식에 차이가 있을 것이라는 가설을 세우고 연구를 수행하였다. 검증을 위해 연구소를 보유하고 있는 국내 기업과 기관의 R&D 조직원들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여, SPSS 를 사용하여 통계 분석하였다. 분석결과, 기술적·비기술적 요인의 항목별 중요도 우선순위에서 상위 5위에 기술적 : 비기술적 요인의 비율이 20 : 80으로 나타나 R&BD 프로젝트 리스크 관리에서 비기술적 요인의 중요도 비율이 높아지고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, 산업분야별 영향력 분석결과, 건설업을 제외한 8개 산업분야에서 '비기술적 요인'의 영향력이 더 높게 나타나 그 영향력이 점차 높아지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. R&D 조직의 직급별 우선순위 인식도 조사에서는 연구책임자급과 조직원 등의 모든 직급에서 비기술적 요인을 더 중요한 요인으로 인식하고 있어 중요도 인식에 차이가 없는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 향후 R&BD 프로젝트 리스크 관리에서 비기술적 요인에 대한 보다 체계적인 관리방안의 필요성을 제고함으로써 프로젝트 매니저에게 기술에 대한 집중도와 함께 그 기술을 경영하는 기술경영 능력까지 요구됨을 의미한다.

정부R&D과제 협력요소들과 연구개발 성과의 관계에 대한 연구

김현민(Kim, Hyun-Min),유재욱(Yoo, Jae-Wook),유종순(Ryu , Jong-Soon) 대한경영학회 2013 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

R2SDF FFT의 메모리 감소를 위한 회전인자 인덱스 생성방법

양승원(Seung-Won Yang),김용은(Yong-Eun Kim),이종열(Jong-Yeol Lee) 대한전자공학회 2009 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.46 No.5

FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) 프로세서는 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 시스템에서 사용된다. 근래에는 광대역과 이동성에 대한 요구가 높아짐에 따라 큰 포인트를 가지는 FFT 프로세서의 연구가 필요하다. FFT 포인트 수가 증가할수록 회전인자가 저장된 메모리가 차지하는 면적은 증가한다. 본 논문에서는 Radix-2, 2², 2³, 2⁴ 알고리즘의 회전인자 인덱스 생성 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 회전인자 인덱스 생성기(Twiddle Factor Index Generator : TFIG)는 간단하게 카운터와 양수곱셈기로만 구성된다. 각각의 R2SDF(Radix-2 Single-Path Delay Feedback), R2²SDF, R2³SDF, R2⁴SDF 1024포인트 FFT 프로세서에 ROM 크기를 1/8N로 줄인 회전인자 계수 생성기(Twiddle Factor Coefficient Generator : TFCG)를 설계하여 제안한 알고리즘을 검증하였다. R24SDF의 TFCG 경우 면적, 전력에서 각 57.9%, 57.5%정도의 이득을 얻었다. FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) processor is widely used in OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplesing) system. Because of the increased requirement of mobility and bandwidth in the OFDM system, they need large point FFT processor. Since the size of memory which stores the twiddle factor coefficients are proportional to the N of FFT size, we propose a new method by which we can reduce the size of the coefficient memory. In the proposed method, we exploit a counter and unsigned multiplier to generate the twiddle factor indices. To verify the proposed algorithm, we design TFCGs(Twiddle Factor Coefficient Generator) for 1024point FFTs with R2SDF(Radix-2 Single-Path Delay Feedback), R2²SDF, R2³SDF, R2⁴SDF architectures. The size of ROM is reduced to 1/8N. In the case of R2⁴SDF architecture, the area and the power are reduced by 57.9%, 57.5%respectively.

USLE R factor 산정을 위한 Web 기반 모듈 개발 및 적용

리살아베이 ( Avay Risal ),금동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Kum ),한정호 ( Jeongho Han ),이서로 ( Seoro Lee ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국농공학회 2015 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2015 No.-

R factor or erosivity factor is one of the parameter for computation of soil loss using Universal soil loss equation and its value depends upon intensity, duration, velocity and drop size of rainfall. The R factor is usually calculated from high resolution (very small time interval) rainfall data. But the process of calculation of R factor from high resolution rainfall data is very tedious and also the rainfall data of small time interval are not available everywhere. So, in this study, we developed the FORTRAN program based on equation of Wischmeier and Smith to calculate the value of erosivity factor (R-factor) using the 10 minute interval rainfall data. calculation was performed using the rainfall data of eight years from 2007 to 2014 which were obtained from the meteorological site (http://www.kma.go.kr) for the eight different cities of different provinces of Korea. After obtaining r-factor from the rainfall data, regression equation was developed for each province which can be used to predict the value from the monthly rainfall data without running the model. Appropriate regression curve was selected for each province using the software “CurveExpert“. This web based model is very simple to use and it can be very effective tool to estimate the parameter R-factor of USLE.