스페이스 브랜딩의 도시 공공문화공간에 대한 연구

박영채,김주연,장영호 한국공간디자인학회 2023 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.18 No.3

(Background and Purpose) Public spaces are an element that comprise urban forms and are the most basic way to form urban culture, including both public and private spaces. With rapid social change, the importance of public spaces in which people can enjoy a cultural life is also increasing. However, public spaces that have achieved quantitative growth gradually lose their function and meaning and fail to attract user interest, showing insufficient performance in terms of activation. To revitalize public spaces and improve the lives of city residents, a modern value-oriented approach is needed. The purpose of this study was to focus on the use of space branding and the intersection of space branding and public spaces as a tool to increase the value and utility of public spaces, because they have only been developed in terms of physical elements. (Method) This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of public cultural spaces through the branding of urban public cultural spaces. The spatial scope was limited to cultural spaces with the highest utilization of space branding. First, through theoretical considerations, we identified the meanings of space branding, public spaces, and public cultural spaces. Second, we reconstructed the elements from the extracted keywords. Third, we selected domestic cases of space branding in urban public spaces and formed the evaluation items and contents. Fourth, we performed the evaluation and analysis of all case studies. (Results) As a result of conducting case studies, "Seoul Art-Checkbogo,” an art book-based public cultural space in Korea, was found to have the highest comfortableness, informativeness, and publicity, but it was insufficient in terms of general design. The "Oil Tank Cultural Park" was recreated as a cultural and artistic space on the site of an old oil tank, and showed high accessibility, informativeness, placeness, and publicity, but as it is an old building, its comfortableness and visuality were low. “Jungrimchanggo” is a harmonious cultural space located in the old city center that can be seen as an example of space branding applied to a space with high visuality, experience, placeness, publicity, and relationships. (Conclusions) With the increasing importance of urban public spaces, space branding has been conducted to enhance the value and competitiveness of public cultural spaces and revitalize them. The results of this study were as follows: First, most public cultural spaces exhibited physical openness, with publicity appearing to be the most important. Second, public cultural spaces should focus on relationships, visuality, and experience rather than on accessibility to local residents' cultural and artistic activities. Third, space branding should be applied not only to commercial spaces, but also to the revitalization and competitiveness of public spaces, which will play a role in creating and activating positive perceptions of public spaces.

지역 커뮤니티 활성화를 위한 복합문화공간으로서의 공공도서관 발전 방향 연구

권지은 ( Kwon Jieun ),권기윤 ( Kwon Giyoon ),박현주 ( Park Hyunjoo ) 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.2

(Background and Purpose) Recently, the expansion of the role of the public library beyond the place of information acquisition and education centered on books is demanding the symbol of the community and the value as a cultural community space. Accordingly, public libraries are developing in the form of complex cultural spaces to revitalize the region. The purpose of this paper is to explore the development direction of the public library to provide the central point of the development of unique culture and arts in a specific region and to create a cultural identity. In particular, this study aims to suggest the development direction of public libraries for local cultural branding through the study of public libraries as complex cultural spaces. (Method) First, we studies the concept of public library, the role related to the community, and the meaning of the library as a complex cultural space based on the bibliographic information. Second, we analyzes the cases of domestic and foreign public libraries operating as complex cultural spaces. Third, through the analysis results, we suggest the direction of development of public library as a complex cultural space. (Results) The function of a complex cultural space can be linked to the function of a public library by the characteristics of symbolism, complexity, expertise, participation and accessibility. As a result of the case analysis, participation among the five characteristic elements was the highest, which could see the importance of encouraging voluntary participation by providing various programs and spaces. The next high level of complexity and accessibility conforms to the meaning of a complex cultural space in that you can experience various values in an easily accessible space. Symbolism was rated as the highest scale in all cases. Based on this symbolism, the public library as a cultural complex will be able to be a landmark that accentuates the characteristics of the area and thus gain the value of the tourism industry as well as the influx of people from other regions. (Conclusions) Public libraries as complex cultural spaces can be landlocked and improve the quality of cultural spaces by developing contents of cultural spaces that fit the characteristics of regions and providing professional information. In addition, the architecture that serves as the hardware of space should be unique, and the operating program that is the software should meet the user's requirements. Variety, a characteristic of complex cultural spaces, needs to be applied to the spatial composition and services of public libraries. In conclusion, the pursuit of directionality, which fused the role and spatial composition of the composite cultural space while maintaining the basic function of public libraries, is expected to help promote the local branding and the lives of local residents.

도시 어메니티 활성화를 위한 공공공간 디자인 개선방향에 관한 연구 -공공공간 유형별 사례를 중심으로-

강미나,황연숙 한국기초조형학회 2015 기초조형학연구 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study is to consider amenities, the historical and cultural improvement of the space quality, for pleasant urban public space planning and to suggest the improvement of public space design for urban amenity revitalization through case analyses. The research subject is confined to the four types - parks, squares, thoroughfares and waterfront areas - that are proposed in the public space design guidelines of ‘Design Seoul’. The design revitalization items were examined according to the characteristics of public space types and the cases were analyzed based on the evaluation items. The following are the analyzed results. 1) The amenity characteristics of public space are classified into hygiene, environment, convenience, aesthetics, and history and culture. The amenity characteristics of public space showed the highest results in terms of history and culture, whereas the results regarding hygiene were lowest. 2) Public space planning should be done in consideration of natural environmental factors in terms of hygiene, and constant maintenance must come along with it to maintain amenities. 3) From the environmental point of view, there should be restriction on imprudent installation of artwork and equipment, planning should harmonize with the environment through the integrated planning of the whole equipment, and the quality of space must be enhanced by using material with sustainability and connecting cities with greens. 4) In the perspective of convenience, there is a need for plans which reduce the congestion of space and consider accessibility to convenient facilities in the vicinity, and for post-maintenance plans. 5) In the aspect of history and culture, with excessive mix of material avoided, public facilities which reflect the landscape characteristics should be in harmony with the surroundings through the integrated planning of space. This study aims to find the interface between public space and amenities and suggest improvements for better environment through the case analysis. With later studies on development of evaluation indicators and preference survey, we need researches which can suggest the more specific improvement of design. 본 연구의 목적은 쾌적한 도시 공공공간 계획을 위해 역사와 문화를 고려하여 공간의 질적 향상을 의미하는 어메니티에 대해 고찰하고 사례분석을 통해 도시 어메니티 활성화를 위한 공공공간 디자인 개선방향을 제시하는 것이다. 연구대상은 디자인 서울 가이드라인에서 제시하고 있는 공공공간인 공원, 광장, 도로, 친수 공간의 네 가지 유형으로 한정하였다. 분석을 위해 공공공간 유형별 특성분류에 의한 디자인 활성화 항목을 도출하고 평가항목을 통해 사례분석을실시하였다. 분석 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 1)공공공간의 어메니티 특성은 위생ž보건성, 환경성, 편리성, 심미성, 역사ž문화성으로 구분될 수 있다. 공공공간에서 어메니티 특성은 역사ž문화성이 가장 높게 나타났고 위생ž보건성이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 2)위생ž보건성 측면에서 자연 환경조건을 고려한 공공공간 계획이 이루어져야 하며 쾌적함을 유지하기 위한 지속적인 관리가 동반되어야 한다. 3)환경성 측면에서 무분별한 조형물 및 시설물의 설치를 제한하고 총체적인 시설물의 통합적 계획을 통해 환경과 조화된 계획을 하여야 하며, 지속가능성을 고려한 재료사용 및 도시와 녹지와의 연결을 통해 공간의 질을 높여야 한다. 4)편리성 측면에서 공간의 혼잡도를 낮추고 주변 편의시설에 대한 접근성을 고려한 계획과 사후관리방안이 필요하다. 5)역사ž문화성 측면에서 지나친 재료의 혼용을 지양하고 경관특성을 반영한 공공시설물과 공간의 통합적 계획을 통해 주변 환경과 조화로움이 있도록 해야 한다. 본 연구는 공공공간과 어메니티와의 접점을 찾고, 사례분석을 통해 보다 나은 환경을 위한 개선점을 제시하는 것에 목적이 있다. 이후 평가지표개발 및 선호도조사와 같은 후속연구가 진행되어 보다 구체적인 디자인 개선방향을 제시할 수 있는 연구가 필요할 것이다.

한국의 사회문화적 공익브랜드 공간디자인 연구

곽민경 ( Min Kyung Kawk ),이재규 ( Jae Kyu Lee ) 한국공간디자인학회 2016 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.11 No.1

(Background and Purpose) Brand, in current times, should explore measures to increase physical life value for contemporary people and promote public interest while comprehending the social culture. The public has started to give greater priority to fulfillment of physical desires and realization of life values by utilizing public brands for their benefits. This study examined the obligation and need of corporates to fulfill their social responsibilities through research proposals concerning spatial design for building corporate visual identity, based on which values can be realized through community awareness and promoting space and providing a platform for sharing cultural communications. (Methodology) This study proposed to understand the social changes intended by brand design and explore social trends requiring space for realization of socio-cultural public values based on theoretical consideration of brand space. The study derived public benefit factors based on activities related to corporate social responsibilities (CSR) and explored the possibilities for brand space to be developed into a cultural communication space serving public interest. Subsequently, the study explored measures for using public brand space for collective community and cultural communication, and hereby allowing the public to be engaged in mutual communication. It also investigated practical application cases to derive socio-cultural value and development potential. (Results) Brand infrastructure is built on corporate vision, mission, and mutually complementary values that they pursue, delivering a message that presents life values, relationships, and future possibilities to the public and consumers using this space. Brand space has transformed gradually from being a public space to public utility space. Public utility space is a social space transcending private space and public space and aims to promote cooperation for social integration, communication, participation, and sustainable development. (Conclusion) Corporations and public contemplate on mutual values and derive inspiration through public brand space as public utility space while communicating ceaselessly to explore true values of life. Meanwhile, social integration and interchange are hindered in reality as public utility space continues as brand space for commercial, private, and corporate benefits, whilst not serving interests of the public as public space, which reveals the limitations and problems nationwide with corporate brand spatial operations. The community relationship brings greater value to human lives and sharing based on cultural communication promotes public interests, and consequently provides social foundation with a global influence on corporations, country, and humanity. Corporations will need to fulfill their social responsibilities and obligations through development of public space. They need to play a pioneering role in promoting mutual advancement by keeping in mind the infinite possibilities of social and human development, and create desirable social awareness underpinned by brand space for promoting public interests while being a meaningful space affiliated with human-oriented life values.

도시 공공 공간 활성화를 위한 스토리텔링 활용 특성에 관한 연구

류효진,문정민 한국문화공간건축학회 2011 한국문화공간건축학회논문집 Vol.- No.35

Storytelling has been a topic in all the cultural contents in the 21st century. The ripple effect of storytelling is increasing in design as well as cultural contents. In particular, the use of storytelling is remarkable to activate urban public space. Therefore, this study analysed the characteristics of using storytelling for activation of urban public space and identified the concepts, characteristics and components of public space and storytelling through bibliographical investigation. Based on previous studies, the study developed the framework as a component of public space in which storytelling was applied and analysed cases of theme streets with storytelling local governments have developed since 2000. Thus, the study has a meaning that it identified the components, specific ranges and design methods of storytelling appropriate for public space by organizing characteristics of public space where storytelling was applied. Based on such results, this study provides basic data needed for various public space designs. Storytelling has been a topic in all the cultural contents in the 21st century. The ripple effect of storytelling is increasing in design as well as cultural contents. In particular, the use of storytelling is remarkable to activate urban public space. Therefore, this study analysed the characteristics of using storytelling for activation of urban public space and identified the concepts, characteristics and components of public space and storytelling through bibliographical investigation. Based on previous studies, the study developed the framework as a component of public space in which storytelling was applied and analysed cases of theme streets with storytelling local governments have developed since 2000. Thus, the study has a meaning that it identified the components, specific ranges and design methods of storytelling appropriate for public space by organizing characteristics of public space where storytelling was applied. Based on such results, this study provides basic data needed for various public space designs.

중국 북경과 상해의 공공공간 요인분석에 관한 연구

우커스 ( Wu Kesi ),이경화 ( Lee Kyunghwa ),김주연 ( Kim Jooyun ) 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.8

(Background and Purpose) By considering the problems and actualities present in China’s urban public space―i.e., an increase in the population density, the lack of land for public spaces, confusion between the role of public spaces and place value, and need to give connotation to place in the development of public space, and based on the understanding of the place before public space’s utilization―this paper attempted to determine the value and function of place, analyze the characteristics of space, and study and construct the factors in the place of public space. The aim was to take public spaces in Beijing and Shanghai as representative sites for research, derive the public space’s place value and characteristics, and propose a stainable direction for public space design. (Method) This study proceeded to understand the concept of public space through theory and derive its types. By analyzing prior studies related to place and site character, the concept of public space was identified, and the values and spatial characteristics of the place were derived. An analytical framework was established based on the derived content, and case study was conducted. Considering the case study results, and taking the values and spatial characteristics of public spaces as a basis, we proposed the direction of sustainable public space design based on place. (Results) The analysis showed that the public spaces in Beijing and Shanghai are mainly analyzed in terms of plazas, industrial heritage areas, large public facilities, and commercial facilities as the main types. In addition, the spatial characteristics of place-based values and site-based roles in the target spaces were summarized. First, the mean of site character that appears in public spaces in Beijing and Shanghai are historical value > creative value> symbolic value > functional value > environmental value > media value. Second, the average of the spatial characteristics of place are evaluated as regional, identity, cultural > overall, and environment. (Conclusion) Overall, the value of place in public spaces is based on history, media, creativity, function, symbolism, and environment. Furthermore, the spatial characteristics are regional, recognizable, holistic, climatic, and cultural. The form of the physical space is the past space, which activates the vitality of regions by reuniting them with new lifestyles. Through recognition, personality, and order, as well as city image and symbols, it must have an intrinsic character so that it can be remembered. The existing space should be creatively transformed through cultural concepts and artistic techniques, expanding the utilization of space and attaining place. Finally, public spaces should use a holistic perspective with an integrated and multifunctional environment to shape the space value. According to different seasonal climates, they stipulate the nature, form, and function, and construct the site specificity.

뮤지엄 공공성 강화 요소로서 계단형 오픈스페이스 디자인 경향 연구

고혜란 ( Hyeran Ko ),최정아 ( Jeong Ah Choi ) 한국공간디자인학회 2019 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.14 No.6

(Background and Purpose) In recent times, the role of the cultural space of a city has been changing to open public space where people can encounter culture in their daily lives to enhance the public’s cultural character . The open space in a museum has been expanded to strengthen the public space of the museum by making a stair-shaped open space. This study focused on the stair-shaped open space of a museum and proposes a design for such an open space as a strengthening factor of a museum’s public character. (Method) The study used theoretical consideration for the public character of a museum (i.e., open space and stairs) in the discussion of the stair-shaped open space as a space element for strengthening a museum’s public character. We categorized the type and characteristics of the extracted stairs. We then summarized the characteristics of the stair-shaped open space for strengthening museums’ public character based on the openness and connectivity of functions in the aspects of space composition and the approachability of physical openness and the amenity of the space in the aspect of space usage, and we analyzed the examples. (Results) First, the visual transparency of the vertical wall and horizontal ceiling surfaces of the museum’s stair-shaped open space introduces external natural elements to form an atmosphere of a rest area to alleviate museum fatigue. Second, the open space is usually used as a convenient space for relaxation and as an exhibition space and educational space to strengthen the public domain of the museum. Third, the stair-shaped open space is used as a center-movement space of the museum building and a place for conducting various space programs to provide visitors with a natural visual perception and daily access. Fourth, the open space provides a flexible and dynamic atmosphere in the exhibition and educational spaces and encourages continued stay. (Conclusions) This study proposes a stair-shaped open space design to strengthen museums’ public character. First, the space should be located in an open space inside a museum and be open visually and physically to allow people’s access. Second, the museum’s stair-shaped open space should support functional connection with the public domain of the museum, adjacent to the convenient, educational, and exhibition space located on the museum’s floor. Third, it should be located at the museum's entrance space or central space to facilitate visitors’ access to the museum's open central space. Fourth, the museum’s open space should be installed with transparent vertical walls and a horizontal ceiling to form an aesthetically pleasing dynamic space for convenience. Therefore, the importance of a stair-shaped open space is that it is connected to the features of space, is guaranteed to offer physical openness, and is comfortable.

1990년대 이후 네덜란드 도시기반시설의 건축통합적 디자인을 통한 공공성 구현에 관한 연구

홍지학 ( Hong Jihak ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.8

(Background and Purpose) In the wake of globalization and individualization dismantling the traditional definition of public space, there is a need for a new paradigm of publicness, as attempts have been made to (re)define public space and publicness from various perspectives. Since the 1990s, however, amid concerns that public spaces have not contributed to the improvement of the quality of everyday life, there has been an increasing interest in processes by which the composite system of infrastructure in contemporary urban space restructures urban publicness. Accordingly, this thesis works toward the development of a method for infrastructure-centered publicness in the design of urban public space by considering the relationship between infrastructure and public space, taking into account the changes in the concept of publicness in the age of globalization and personalization, in the context of Dutch architectural policies. (Method) Accordingly, this study focuses on documents related to the Dutch National Policy Document on Spatial Planning (NOTA) and the Architectural Policy of the Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM) to review important sections of Dutch policies related to public spaces. After examining the dominant discourse on public space and policies framed in the urban conditions of the Netherlands based on these data, this paper intends to analyze the system as a whole, from the policy and systematic foundation to practical strategies. (Results) This relationship shows two distinctive characteristics: “accessibility and adaptability of urban public space focused on infrastructure” and “diversity and specificity of the liminal space constructed by infrastructure.” The former demands an integrative environmental design approach to designing public space and traffic space in order to acquire a multi-layered architectural program incorporating attention to urban infrastructure, while the latter implies that infrastructure has been transformed into the foundation of everyday life. This indicates the possibility of producing a new shared space unreflected in the division between public and private space. (Conclusions) The infrastructure-integrated architecture and urbanism broadly discussed in Europe nowadays is merely a combination of architecture and dispersed infrastructure as a new condition for social mobility and communication, indicating the need for an urban landscape with attention not only to architecture, but also to public space in contact with infrastructure and the urban landscape simultaneously. This type of experimental thinking on the infrastructure-mediated relationship between private space and public space was made possible by the important role of the second and third Architectural Policy, which emphasized socio-cultural publicness as well as integrated management between entities for detailed project implementation, extending their influence beyond simply the physical space environment.

중국 쇼핑센터 공공공간의 예술화 유형 및 공간적 특성에 관한 연구

마려죽 ( Ma Lizhu ),임선희 ( Lim Sunhee ),김주연 ( Kim Jooyun ) 한국공간디자인학회 2022 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.17 No.7

(Background and Purpose) With the rapid development of network technology and the express delivery industry, Chinese online shopping is a thriving industry. On the contrary, offline business operations have been hit, and offline business spaces need innovation. As a comprehensive space for urban offline commerce, the shopping center has become an important medium for citizens’ daily lives in China and has a social responsibility to serve the public. Postmodernism and mass consumerism demand that the commercial space of the new era has not only the commercial function of commodity sale but also the cultural function of disseminating ideas. Shopping centers incorporating art and culture have been constructed in China. Therefore, this study aims to find a way to revitalize modern commercial space by analyzing the artification types and spatial characteristics of shopping centers as public spaces through the summarization of artification of shopping center-related literature and a recent, in-depth shopping center case survey in China. (Method) Through summarizing and analyzing the theories on the artification of public spaces in Chinese shopping centers, the artification types were classified into three types: art decoration, art form, and art activity. The spatial characteristics of artification were classified into six categories: thematic diversity, artistic aesthetics, cultural symbolism, public participants, experience interaction, and organizational order. Based on the analysis factors, five cases of shopping centers currently operating well in China were analyzed, and the results were diagrammed to derive conclusions. (Results) Theme diversity is the most prominent spatial characteristic of the shopping center that has undergone artification and which subsequently acts as a public space, and organizational order has the lowest overall rating among the cases. The shopping center acts as a public space with strong characteristics by theme, uses themes and slogans as elements of space marketing, and induces the public to participate in public life. The ideological and spiritual aspects expressed by the implementation space with more artistic aesthetics and cultural preferences embody the new consumption cultural needs of modern society. The reason why the scores of public participation and experience interchange are not high is that the current development goal of the public space of the shopping center is mainly commercial consumption. (Conclusions) Artification of shopping centers that act as public spaces is a way to create a spatial atmosphere with people-centered social values, business values aimed at experiences, and educational values through art. The artification types and spatial characteristics are important items and indicators for evaluating the degree of activation of public spaces in shopping centers. Although it is difficult to design public spaces in shopping centers that include all types of artification and are balanced in terms of artification-related spatial characteristics, we hope this study will be used as a strategic reference for the artification-related spatial design of Chinese shopping centers.

Research on the Visual Characteristics of the Blank-Leaving Technique in Traditional Chinese Painting in Public Space

왕진,조택연 한국디자인문화학회 2019 한국디자인문화학회지 Vol.25 No.3

This paper starts with the “blank-leaving” technique in traditional Chinese painting, analyzes the concept of blank and its inherent implications, and proposes the concept of white space in public space. Combining visual features to explore the relationship between white space and artistic conception in public space, and the role that the blank-leaving plays in the public space and the environment through theoretical analysis to study the structure and expression of the space. Literature data method and graphic analysis were used to explain empty space in public space, and analysis of empty data in public space from example analysis to maintain the traditional image of the city and study integration into modern urban society.This study analyzes the classification of white space in public space from the perspective of blanking, summarizes the similar design methods in the current public space and the design techniques of blank space, applies it to urban public space design. The traditional concept and spiritual meaning of blank-leaving permeate into the design, Using this white space technique and the public space relationship to explore the old and new integration, so that the utilization rate of public space improves, the reasonable development of space has a positive significance. Finally, we use traditional white space techniques to improve the quality of urban space and public environment, and strive to create a reasonable and orderly public space system.