Prostaglandin E₁이 피판의 생존에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구

신동혁,김준범 大韓成形外科學會 1998 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.25 No.4

The survival of skin flap has vital importance in plastic surgery. Many clinical and experimental researches have been carried out to increase the survival of skin flap. As a result of these researches, many drugs have been used clinically and experimentally for increasing the survival of skin flap, and prostaglandin E₁ is known to be used for improving peripheral circulatory disturbance. The pharmacophysiologic mechanisms of the effect of prostaglandin E₁ are 1) increasing blood flow by dilatation of smooth muscle of small sized vessels, 2) inhibition of aggregation of platelets, 3) increasing arteriolar blood flow by improving fluidity of erythrocytes, 4) preclusion of free-radical formation, 5) decreasing the endothelial cell damage by down- regulation of sensitivity for eosinophils, 6) making the endothelial cell be refractory to adrenergic stimulation, and 7) promotion of secretion of erythropoietin in the kidney. In this terms, in order to validate effectiveness of preoperative administration of prostaglandin E₁ as a pharmacological flap delay, following experimental study was performed. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups and caudally based 2×8 ㎝ sized flap was elevated on dorsal surface. In group 1, normal saline (0.25 ㎖/㎏) was injected intraperitoneally as control, in group 2, 1 ㎍/㎏ of prostaglandin E₁ was injected intraperitoneally for preoperative seven days, in group 3, 1 ㎍/㎏ of prostaglandin E₁ was injected intraperitoneally for seven preoperative days, and in group 4, 1 ㎍/㎏ of prostaglandin E₁ was injected intraperitoneally for seven days preoperatively and for seven postoperative days. On the seventh postoperative day, the animals were sacrificed and the flap survival area was measured. The following results were obtained. 1. On the seventh postoperative day, the flap survival rates of group 2, 3, 4 were higher than that of group 1 with a statistical significance. 2. On the seventh postoperative day, the flap survival rate of group 3 was higher than group 2, but there was no statistical significance. 3. On the seventh postoperative day, the flap survival rate of group 4 was higher than that of group 2 and 3 with a statistical significance. In conclusion, preoperative administrations of prostaglandin E₁ increase flap survival equally as when it is administrated postoperatively, and the improvement in flap survival can be enhanced by continuous administration of prostaglandin E₁ in preoperative and postoperative period. So it is expected that surgical flap delay procedure is replaced by pharmacological flap delay by the use of prostaglandin E₁ preoperatively.

Prostaglandin E2 가 신기능장애에 따라 고혈압에 미치는 영향

김형규(Hyoung Kyu Kim),최원충(Won Choong Choi),노정우(Jung Woo Noh) 대한내과학회 1988 대한내과학회지 Vol.34 No.4

N/A The renal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is primarily synthesized in renal medulla, and is entirely removed from blood on passage across the lung before it enters systemic circulation, and so is called the local hormone. The main physiologic effects of the PGE, on kidney are known as the natriuresis, water diuresis, vasodilatation and interaction with renin-angiotensin system. The authors attempted to evaluate the role of PGE2 on hypertension according to the state of impairment of renal function. The study of subjects were classified as following groups; namely Group A is a 24 normal control person without renal disease as well as impariement of renal function, Group B that of a 23 cases is essential hypertension without impairement of renal function. Group C is a 22 cases chronic renal insufficiency with hypertension of which creatinine clearance 21~59 ml/min. and Group D is a 24 cases with chronic renal failure with hypertension of which creatinine clearance is below 20 ml/min, Urine prostaglandin E2 diastolic blood pressure, twenty four hour urine Na excretion, creatinine clearance, plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone were investigated in all subjects and the interrelations among these parameters were analysed by multiple analysis method. Urine prostaglandin E2 was measured by radioim-munoassay with gamma counter. The NEM prostaglandin E2 I125 -radio-immunoassay kit is based on the use of an iodinated analog of prostaglandin E2 as the tracer. The results obtained are as follows: 1) Urine prostaglandin E2 (Mean±S.E): The value of group A, normal control groups is 365.1±20.65pg/ml., group B, essential hypertension; 353.9±20.71pg/ml., group C, chronic renal insufficiency; 149.1±10.70pg/ml. and group D chronic renal failure 83.3±8.30pg/ml. The value of group A is similar with group B (P>0.05), that of group C and D are significantly decreased in the comparsion with group A and B (P<0.01), while in the group C show the significantly high value in the comparsion with group D (P<0.01), group D is the lowest value among the comparison of group A, B and C (P<0.01). 2) Urine prostaglandin E2 has not significant relation to diastolic blood pressure, 24 hour urine Na excretion, creatinine clearance and plasma renin activity in all groups. 3) Urine prostaglandin E2 has significant correlation to plasma aldosterone in essential hypertension (r=0.489) (P<0,05), but has not significant relation to other groups. This findins suggest that the failure of compensatory protective role by renal FGE2 which is due to decreased PGE2 synthesis according to renal function impairment with diminished renal parenchyme may depend on the machanism of hypertension also is possible to mediate Na metabolism.

질용 Prostaglandin E2 투여에 의한 유도분만 효과에 관한 임상적 고찰

김상우(SW Kim),박기수(KS Park),서병희(BH Suh),목정은(JE Mok),이재현(JH Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1983 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.26 No.6

유도 분만이 적용이 되는 산모 30예(초산부 15명, 경 산부 15명)를 대상으로 질용 PGE₂를 자궁경부와 질후 벽 사이에 있는 함요부에 삽입하여 다음과 같은 결과 를 얻었다. 1. 유도분만 성공율은 77%(23/30예)로 초산부 66% (10/15예), 경산부 87%(13/15예)이었다. 2. 질용 PGE₂정제 투여로부터 진통초발까지의 소 요시간은 초산부 4시간 12분, 경산부 5시간 17분으로 평균 4시간 45분이었고 투약개시부터 태아만출까지의 소요시간은 초산부 12시간 56분, 경산부 8시간 9분으 로 평균 10시간 33분이었다. 3. 유도분만 30예 중 질용 PG단독용법으로 분만유 도에 성공한 23예에서 78%(18/23예)가 정상질식분만 에 성공하였고 질식흡인분만은 22%(5/23예)이었으며, 질용 PG의 투여와 oxytocin 정맥점입을 병용한 7예 중 6에에서 결국 질식분만에 성공하였으므로 이것까지 포 함한 총 유도분만성공율은 96.6%(29/30예)이었다. 4. 질용 PGE₂1정(=3mg)투여로 유도분만에 성공 한 경우는 95%(20/21예)이었고 1정을 추가투여한 9예 중 3예가 유도분만에 성공하여 추가 투여한 경우의 성 공율은 33%이었다. 5. 분만된 신생아의 Apgar score는 1분과 5분에서 모두 7∼8이상으로 양호한 편이었고 태변염색된 경우 는 10%(3/30예)이었다. 6. 고위험군의 산모 9예에 Non Stress Test를 시행 하여 전부 reactive pattern을 관찰하였고 이중 4예에서 Contraction Stimulation Test를 추가 시행하여 모두 negative pattern으로 관찰된 바, 태아감시 도중 이상 소견은 없었다. 7. 투약 도중 질용 PGE₂에 의한 부작용을 타나내는 산모는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 질용 PGE₂는 간편하고 효과적이며 부 작용이 거의 없는 유보분만 제재로서, 5 이하의 낮은 score에도 불구하고 질용 PGE₂단독 사용으로 높은 성 공율을 보였다. Induction of labor for obstetric or medical reasons in an integral part of modern obstetric practice. The standard method employed in the authors` institution has been amniotomy and intravenous oxytocin for many years while, during the last 2 or 3 years, oral administration of prostaglandin E₂ tablets has been used before intravenous infusion of oxytocin to induce labor as well as to ripen the cerⅵx. Also a new ideal method for the induction of labour would be simple, safe, effectⅳe and noninvasⅳe, thereby increasing acceptance by the patient and reducing the risks associated with amniotomy. The intravaginal administration of prostaglandin E₂ tablets which ⅰs the easiest way to apply prostaglandin can proⅵde these benefits. This is a report to determine efficiency of vaginal prostaglandin E₂ for the induction of labor. Induction of labor was performed in the cases of 30 women between 39th and 44 wks of pregnancy who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics of Kyung Hee University Hospital from March to May 1983. The pelⅵc score for induction was determined by Bishop scoring method, and the Bishop score of the patient of our studies were all below 5. The results were as follows. 1. The success rate in induction with vaginal prostaglandin E₂ were 66% in primigraⅵda(10 of l5 cases) and 87%(13 of 15 cases) in multigraⅵda. 2. Mean induction delⅳery time was 12.93 hours in primigravida and 8.15 hours in multigraⅵda. Time interval from medication to actⅳe labour was 4.2 hours in primigraⅵda and 5.3 hours in muitigraⅵda. 3. In 23 cases of induction of labour with only vaginal prostaglandin E₂, normal vaginal delivery was 78%(18 of 23 cases) vacuum delivery was 22%(5 of 23 cases) and in 7 cases who were failed induction delivery by vaginal PGE₂ Only, 6 cases (86%) were vaginal delivery and 1 case(14%) was cesarean delivery. 4. The success rate in case of vaginal PGE₂ 3mgs was 95%(20 of 21 cases) and of vaginal PGE₂ 6mg was 33%(3 of 9 cases) 5. Fetal Apgar score was all over 7 or 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, and meconium stained fetus was 10%(3 of 30 cases) 6. ln 9 cases of fetal monitoring patients, NST was all reactive and 4 of 9 cases who were under CST, they were all negative. 7. ln failed cases with only vaginal PGE₂, successful induction rate with combined therapy of vaginal PGE₂ and oxytocin was 86%(29 of 30 cases), and cesarean delivery was only 1 case.

추간판내 Prostaglandin E₂ 양의 임상적 의의

김형석,조기홍,김기용,안영환,안영민,윤수한,조경기,Kim, Hyung Seok,Cho, Ki Hong,Kim, Ki Young,Ahn, Young Hwan,Ahn, Young Min,Yoon, Soo Han,Cho, Kyung Gi 대한신경외과학회 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.10

Objective : A prospective biochemical assay of prostaglandin $E_2$ content in symptomatic lumbar disc materials was done in order to clarify the pathogenesis of lumbar radiculopathy. Patients and Methods : Forty-eight disc specimens were purified by a standard solid-phase extraction procedure and analyzed by an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for prostaglandin $E_2$. Clinical and anatomic correlations were evaluated with analysis of variance and t-test. Results : Acute herniated lumbar disc diseases tended to be associated with a higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than degenerative lumbar disc disease. Sequestered discs tended to be associated with a higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than extruded discs, which also showed higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than protruded ones. A sciatica and positive straight leg raising test appeared to be associated with a higher prostaglandin $E_2$ content than a negative test. Conclusion : This result suggests that the level of prostaglandin $E_2$ would be correlated with clinical symptom and sign in the inflammatory process of lumbar disc herniation.

난소의 황체협막세포에서 E-cadherin, N-cadherin과세포부착에 미치는 Prostaglandin F2 Alpha의 영향

이상희,정배동,이승형 대한임상검사과학회 2019 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.51 No.3

Cadherins are essential transmembrane proteins that promote cell-cell adhesion and maintain the corpus luteum structure in the ovary. This study examined the influence of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) on E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and adhesion in luteal theca cells (LTCs). The luteal cells were isolated from the mid-phase corpus luteum, and the LTCs were cultured separately from the luteal heterogeneous cells according to the morphology of the mesenchymal cells and to determine if steroidogenic and endothelial cells of LTCs, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) mRNA were used. The LTCs were then incubated in the culture medium supplemented with 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mM PGF2α for 24 h, and the E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins in the LTCs were detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results revealed 3β-HSD mRNA expression in the LTC but no VEGF2R mRNA expression. The E-cadherin and N-cadherin proteins of the LTCs were damaged in the 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 mM PGF2α treatment groups, and the expression of the N-cadherin protein was reduced significantly in 0.01 mM PGF2α compared to the 0 mM PGF2α treatment groups (P<0.05). In addition, the number of attached LTCs were significantly lower in the 0.01 mM PGF2α treatment group than in the 0 mM PGF2α treatment group (P<0.05). In conclusion, PGF2α affected the disruption of cadherin proteins and cell adhesion in LTCs. These results may help better understand the cadherin and adhesion mechanism during corpus luteum regression in the ovary. Cadherin은 원형질막에 존재하며 세포-세포 결합에 관여하며, 황체 구조 유지에 필수적인 단백질이다. 본 연구에서는prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α)가 황체의 협막세포(luteal theca cells, LTCs)의 E-cadherin, N-cadherin 및 세포-세포부착에 미치는 영향에 대해서 수행하였다. 황체세포는 소의 황체중기 조직으로부터 분리하였으며, 황체세포 중에서 mesenchymal 세포 형태학적 특성을 가지는 세포만을 분리하여 LTCs 로 판단하였다. 이 후 steroidogenic 기능 및 혈관세포 유무를판단하기 위해 3β-HSD 및 VEGF2R mRNA 발현을 확인하였으며, E-cadherin 및 N-cadherin mRNA를 사용하여 LTCs 내cadherin의 존재여부를 판단하였다. 또한 0, 10−5, 10−4 및10−3 M PGF2α를 24시간 동안 처리하여 LTCs의 E- 및N-cadherin 단백질을 관찰한 후 세포-세포 접착 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, LTCs에서 3β-HSD mRNA가 발현되었지만, VEGFR2 mRNA는 발현되지 않았으며, E-cadherin 및N-cadherin mRNA 모두 발현되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 E- 및 N-cadherin 단백질은 10−5, 10−4 및 10−3 M PGF2α를 처리한 LTCs에서 응집되어 발현되는 것을 확인하였으며, PGF2α에의해 LTCs의 세포부착 효율이 유의적으로 감소된 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 PGF2α는 LTCs의 E- 및 N-cadherin을 붕괴시켜 세포부착을 감소시켰고, 이러한 결과는 황체퇴행의 새로운 원인을 밝혀 내기 위한 cadherin과 세포부착의 역할을 이해하는데 중요한 자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

Sodium Nitroprusside와 Prostaglandin E1을 이용한 유도저혈압이 압수용체반사에 미치는 영향

김학식,강건,김익동,김인세,정규섭 해성병원 1992 海星病院論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Prostaglandin E2 and Interleukin-1β Reduce E-cadherin Expression by Enhancing Snail Expression in Gastric Cancer Cells

지예섭,Tae Jung Jang,Ki Hoon Jung 대한의학회 2012 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.27 No.9

Inflammation is closely related to the progression of cancer as well as tumorigenesis. Here,we investigated the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on E-cadherin expression in SNU719 gastric cancer cells. E-cadherin expression decreased as the dose or exposure time of PGE2 and IL-1β increased, whereas Snail expression increased with dose or time of PGE2 and IL-1β. E-cadherin expression reduced by PGE2 treatment increased after the transfection of Snail siRNA. Neutralization of IL-1β using anti-IL-1βantibody blocked the expression pattern of E-cadherin and Snail occurred by IL-1βtreatment. However, there was no synergic effect of IL-1β and PGE2 on the expression pattern of E-cadherin and Snail. In conclusion, inflammatory mediators reduced E-cadherin expression by enhancing Snail expression in gastric cancer cells. Inflammationinduced transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin in gastric cancer has implications for targeted chemoprevention and therapy.

Simultaneous Determination of Prostaglandin E₁ and Prostaglandin E₁ Ethyl Ester in Hairless Mouse Skin Homogenate by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Choi, Han-Gon,Kim, Ji-Hyun,Li, Dong-Xun,Piao, Ming-Guan,Kwon, Tae-Hyub,Woo, Jong-Soo,Choi, Young-Wook,Yoo, Bang-Kyu,Yong, Chul-Soon The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.5

A rapid and specific high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of prostaglandin $E_{1}\;(PGE_{1})$ and prostaglandin $E_{1}$ ethyl ester $(PGE_{1}-EE)$ in hairless mouse skin homogenate. The sample treatment procedure involved deproteination and precipitation by acetonitrile. $PGE_{1}$ and $PGE_{1}-EE$ in supernatant were separated in a reversed-phase C18 column without being interfered by other components present in hairless mouse skin homogenate. 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid was used as an internal standard. The retention times of $PGE_{1}$, 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid and $PGE_{1}-EE$ were, 4.5, 9.5 and 18.0 min, respectively. The assay showed linearity from 1 to $40\;{\mu}g/ml$ for both $PGE_{1}$ and $PGE_{1}-EE$. Precision expressed as RSD ranged from 2.3 to 14.1 % for $PGE_{1}$ and 1.6 to 11.0% for $PGE_{1}-EE$. Accuracy ranged from 100.5 to 119.6 % for $PGE_{1}$ and from 98.0 to 103.7% for $PGE_{1}-EE$. This method was employed successfully to follow the time course of concentrations of $PGE_{1}$ and $PGE_{1}-EE$ in hairless mouse skin homogenate for stability study.

EL-4 암세포주(癌細胞株) 이식(移植)마우스에서의 혈중(血中) prostaglandin E₂ 농도(濃度) 및 자연살해세포(自然殺害細胞) 활성도(活性度)의 변화(變化)

김성호,Kim, Sung-ho 대한수의학회 1989 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

The changes of plasma prostaglandin $E_2$ level, natural killer cell activity and tumor cell growth were assayed after transplantation of EL-4 leukemia cells in C57BL/6 mice. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Plasma prostaglandin $E_2$ level was increased in EL-4 bearing mice, but indomethacin treated mice group showed low level. 2. The tumor-derived prostaglandin $E_2$ inhibited the post-target binding cytolytic process of natural killer activity. 3. Indomethacin inhibited the growth of prostaglandin secreting EL-4 solid tumor.

이차성 정맥성 허혈 후 피부판 생존에 미치는 PG E₁의 효과

정철훈,이종욱,범진식,오석준,신형식,손유리 大韓成形外科學會 1997 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.24 No.4

PG E₁ has been proven to be useful in the treatment of vascular disease of the lower leg because it induces vasodilatation of the peripheral vessel and platelet diaggregation and enhances red blood cell deformability. The effect of PG E₁ on tissue injury caused by secondary venous ischemia was evaluated in skin island flaps of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats. Primary ischemia was produced by arterio-venous occlusion with vascular clamps for 2 hours after the 3×5㎝ sized skin island flap based on the right superficial inferior epigastric vessels was elevated. Twenty four hours later, secondary ischemia was inflicted by venous occlusion for 6 hours. The rats were divided into 4 groups according to the timing of administration of PG E₁ or saline and each group had 10 rats. Normal saline(1.5 cc/kg) was injected at the beginning of secondary ischemia in group Ⅰ and PG E₁ 3 ㎍/kg(500 ng/kg/min) was injected intravenously at the end of primary ischemia in group Ⅱ. The same dose of PG E₁ was given at the beginning of secondary ischemia in group Ⅲ and at the end of secondary ischemia in Group Ⅳ. Normal saline or PG E₁ was injected through the left femoral vein. The full thickness skin biosies(0.5×0.5cm sized) were obtained from five rats each in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ at the end of secondary ischemia and were examined under the light microscope with the H&E stain. The survival of skin flap that was assessed at 7 days after secondary ischemia showed all or none phenomenon. Group Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ had a higher survival rats than the control group Ⅰ, but only group Ⅲ had statistical significance(P<0.005). The histologic findings of ischemic injury of the tissue such as vasodilatation, congestion, extravasation, thrombosis, endothelial cell disruption were decreased significantly in group Ⅲ compared to group Ⅰ. But neutrophil infiltration, one of the histologic findings of ischemic injury of the tissue, was increased in group Ⅲ. In conclusion, the survival rate of skin island flap based on the superficial inferior epigastric vessels increased significantly when PG E₁ was injected through contralateral femoral vein at the beginning of secondary venous ischemia. In case with venous thrombosis after free flap or digital replantation, it's fundamental treatment is revision of occluded vein as soon as possible. But if we detect venous occlusion early and administer PG E₁,it is able to decrease tissue damage.