유도모터의 스위칭 소음저감을 위한 2상 및 3상 RCD-PWM기법의 파워 스펙트럼

정영국,위석오,임영철 전력전자학회 2004 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.9 No.2

This paper proposes a two-phase RCD-PWM scheme which is much better than a three-phase RCD-PWM scheme from the standpoint of the broadening and linearizing effect of the power spectrum. To implement the proposed scheme and conventional scheme, the experiment based on the SAB-C167 micro-controller was executed. Based on the space vector modulation technique, the duty ratio of the pulses is calculated using the SAB-C167 and each of PWM pulses is located randomly in each switching interval. The power spectrum of the output voltage, output current, the d.c link current and the acoustic noise radiated from inverter drives are experimentally investigated. Then, the performance of the proposed scheme was compared and discussed with the conventional scheme. 본 연구에서는 3상 RCD(Random Pulse Centered Displacement) PWM기법에 비하여 구현이 용이하고 스위칭 주파수의 정수배 스펙트럼의 광대역화와 선형화의 효과가 우수한, 2상 RCD-PWM을 제안하였으며, 그 파워 스펙트럼을 비교하고 있다. 종전의 3상 RCD-PWM과 제안된 2상 RCD-PWM을 구현하기 위하여, 16비트 고성능 마이크로 컨트롤러 SAB-C167이 사용되었다. SAB-C167에 의하여 각 변조 구간에서의 듀티비를 구한 후, 선형 랜덤 발생기를 이용하여 균일한 확률 분포로 각 상의 펄스의 위치를 재배치하였다. 제안된 2상 RCD-PWM에 의한 모터 전압과 전류 그리고 직류링크 전류의 파워 스펙트럼 및 모터의 가청 스위칭 소음 효과를 종전의 3상 RCD-PWM과 비교 검토하였다.

고속 3상 유도전동기 구동을 위한 새로운 RPWM 기법

권수범,이효상,박종진,김남준 전력전자학회 2004 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.9 No.4

This thesis is proposing novel RPWM(Random PWM) techniques that can locate PWM pulse to do random. RPWM techniques to propose locates SVPWM(Space Vector PWM) pulse by number of each random and principle to locate of pulse applies different random function and locate pulse. For propriety verification of proposed techniques, achieve an simulation and experiment that use MATLAB/SIMULINK about proposed RPWM techniques algorithm and IGBT inverter composition that use DSP(TMS320C31). Specially, analyze harmonic spectra of inverter output current when the induction motor speed is more than 10,000 rpm, confirm that RPWM's effect in high speed degree appears. Proposed RPWM techniques propriety prove from reduction effect of harmonic magnitude that corresponds to an integer times of switching frequency. 본 논문에서는 PWM 펄스를 랜덤하게 위치시킬 수 있는 새로운 3상 공간 벡터 RPWM(Random PWM) 기법을 제안한다. 기존의 RPWM 방식과 달리 3상 대칭 변조 기법에 의해 발생된 공간 전압 벡터 PWM(Space Vector PWM) 펄스를 랜덤하게 위치시키는 원리를 각 섹터마다 달리 적용하여 RPWM을 구현하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법의 타당성 검증을 위하여, 제안된 RPWM 기법 알고리즘에 대해 MATLAB/SIMULINK를 이용한 시뮬레이션 및 DSP를 이용한 IGBT 인버터를 구성하여 실험을 수행한다. 특히 10,000 rpm 이상의 고속운전 시, 공간 전압 벡터 PWM 기법과 제안된 RPWM 기법에 의해 발생되는 인버터 출력 전류의 고조파 스펙트럼을 비교한다. 즉 전류 고조파 스펙트럼에서 스위칭 주파수 정수배에 해당하는 고조파의 크기를 비교하여 제안된 RPWM의 기법의 타당성을 검증하고자한다.

PWM 전압제어로 생체에 필요한 알칼리 이온수의 농도(ph)변화에 관한 연구

권윤중,이성창 대한전자공학회 2004 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.41 No.6

사람의 체질이 산성화로 변화되는 것을 막고 생체 밸런스를 유지하기위해 알칼리수를 인간의 인체에 공급할 필요가 있다. 알칼리수는 인체에 유익한 칼슘(Ca/sup +/), 칼륨(K/sup +/), 마그네슘(Mg/sup +/), 나트륨(Na/sup +/)등을 포함한 물로 되어있다. 이러한 알칼리수를 생성하기 위해서는 물을 전기분해하여 격막(격리된 특수막)을 통해 - 전극 쪽으로 미네랄들을 모아 생성한다. 물론 반대로 + 전극쪽으로는 염소(Cl), 인(P), 유황(S) 등의 - 이온을 띈 유기물들이 모여 산성수도 발생되어 다른 용도의 물로 사용할 수 있다. 이 전기분해 과정에서 - 극판과 + 극판에 PWM(pulse width modulation)전압을 Microprocessor를 이용하여 4종류의 PWM 전압을 구현하고, 전압별 ph농도 변화를 고찰해 보았다. 이와 같이 PWM제어를 이용하면 필요한 ph농도 값의 알칼리 이온수를 설정 값으로 하면 정확하게 얻을 것으로 예상된다. It is necessary for what just keep a living body balance be devoted to it being varied with acidity serious trouble, and constitution of a study person about the density (ph) change that an alkaline ion necessary for a living body is numerical to supply a human body with number alkali by PWM voltage control. Works in the water which included the calcium (Ca), kalium (K), magnesium (Mg), natrium (Na) back who is helpful for a human body, and there is Alkaline. It is done this alkaline electrolysis to ask in order to create a number, and minerals are gathered through isolated layer (isolated special layer) to a - electrode direction, and is created. of course, prominent derelicts gather, and the acidity capital is happened, and -ion of a chlorine (Cl), phosphorus(P), sulfur (S) back is usable unfavorably in water of different use to a + electrode direction. Microprocessor was used with a - pole and a + pole with a PWM(pulse width modulation) voltage in this electrolysis process, and four kinds of PWM voltages were implemented, and a voltage every ph density change tried to be considered. It is expected by getting exactly if number alkaline ion of ph density value necessary is done with setting value if PWM control is used thus.

3레벨 4레그 PWM 컨버터의 커먼 모드 전압 저감

지승준(Seung-Jun Chee),고상기(Sanggi Ko),김현식(Hyeon-Sik Kim),설승기(Seung-Ki Sul) 전력전자학회 2014 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.19 No.6

This paper presents a carrier-based pulse-width modulation(PWM) method for reducing the common-mode voltage of a three-level four-leg converter. The idea of the proposed PWM method is intuitive and easy to be implemented in digital signal processor-based converter control systems. On the basis of the analysis of space-vector PWM(SVPWM) and sinusoidal PWM(SPWM) switching patterns, the fourth leg pole voltage of the three-phase converter called “f leg pole voltage” is manipulated to reduce the common-mode voltage. To synthesize f leg pole voltage for the suppression of the common-mode voltage, positive and negative pole voltage references of f leg are calculated. An offset voltage is also deduced to prevent the distortion of a, b, and c phase voltages. The feasibility of the proposed PWM method is verified by simulation and experimental results. The common-mode voltage of the proposed PWM method in peak-to-peak value is 33% in comparison with that of the conventional SVPWM method. The transition number of the common-mode voltage is also reduced to 25%.

New Generalized PWM Schemes for Multilevel Inverters Providing Zero Common-Mode Voltage and Low Current Distortion

Nho-Van Nguyen,Tam-Khanh Tu Nguyen 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.4

This paper presents two advanced hybrid pulse-width modulation (PWM) strategies for multilevel inverters (MLIs) thatprovide both common-mode voltage (CMV) elimination and current ripple reduction. The first PWM utilizes sequences thatapply one switching state at the double ends of a half-carrier cycle. The second PWM combines the advantages of the former andan existing four-state PWM. Analyses of the harmonic characteristics of the two groups of switching sequences based on ageneral switching voltage model are carried out, and algorithms to optimize the current ripple are proposed. These methods aresimple and can be implemented online for general n-level inverters. Using a three-level NPC inverter and a five-level CHBinverter, good performances in terms of the root mean square current ripple are obtained with the proposed PWM schemes asindicated through improved harmonic distortion factors when compared to existing schemes in almost the entire region of themodulation index. This also leads to a significant reduction in the current total harmonic distortion. Simulation and experimentalresults are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed PWM methods.

New Generalized PWM Schemes for Multilevel Inverters Providing Zero Common-Mode Voltage and Low Current Distortion

Nguyen, Nho-Van,Nguyen, Tam-Khanh Tu The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.4

This paper presents two advanced hybrid pulse-width modulation (PWM) strategies for multilevel inverters (MLIs) that provide both common-mode voltage (CMV) elimination and current ripple reduction. The first PWM utilizes sequences that apply one switching state at the double ends of a half-carrier cycle. The second PWM combines the advantages of the former and an existing four-state PWM. Analyses of the harmonic characteristics of the two groups of switching sequences based on a general switching voltage model are carried out, and algorithms to optimize the current ripple are proposed. These methods are simple and can be implemented online for general n-level inverters. Using a three-level NPC inverter and a five-level CHB inverter, good performances in terms of the root mean square current ripple are obtained with the proposed PWM schemes as indicated through improved harmonic distortion factors when compared to existing schemes in almost the entire region of the modulation index. This also leads to a significant reduction in the current total harmonic distortion. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed PWM methods.

새로운 2상 랜덤 펄스 위치 PWM기법

魏昔吾,鄭榮國,羅碩煥,任永徹 전력전자학회 2002 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.2

In this paper, a new two-phase space vector RPWM(Random PWM) is proposed. In the proposed RPWM, each of two-phase PWM pulses is located randomly in each switching interval. Based on the space vector modulation technique, the duty ratio of the pulses is calculated. Along with the randomization of the PWM pulses, we can obtain the effects of spread spectra of inverter output voltage, d.c link current and audible switching acoustic noise as in the case of randomly changed switching frequency. To verify the validity of the proposed two-phase RPWM scheme, the experiment based on the C167 micro-controller was executed. The performance of the proposed scheme was compared with traditional PWM schemes experimentally. 본 연구에서는 각 상의 PWM 펄스를 개별적으로 랜덤하게 위치시킬 수 있는 새로운 2상 공간벡터 RPWM (Random PWM) 기법을 제안하고 있다. 제안된 방식은 각 2상 펄스들을 변조 구간 내에서 임의의 위치에 랜덤하게 배치하고 이를 기준으로 한 인버터 스위칭에 의해 고조파의 스펙트럼을 광대역화 하는 RPWM 기법이다. 제안된 방법의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여, 16비트 고성능 마이크로 콘트롤러 C167 기반의 실험을 수행하였다. 제안된 2상 RPWM에 의한 인버터 출력 선간 전압과 직류 링크 전류의 고조파 스펙트럼 및 모터의 가청 스위칭 소음 저감효과를 종전의 방식과 비교 검토하였으며, 제안된 방법의 우수성을 입증할 수 있었다.

모터 구동 장치의 가청 스위칭 소음 저감을 위한 2상 및 3상 랜덤 펄스 위치 PWM기법의 성능 비교

위석오,정영국,나석환,임영철 전력전자학회 2002 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.3

In this paper, a comparative study on the performance of two-phase and three-phase randomized pulse position PWM scheme for mitigation of audible switching acoustic noise in motor drives is done. In the randomized pulse position PWM, each of two-phase or three-phase PWM pulses is located randomly in each switching interval. Simulation and experimental efforts were executed to investigate the spread effects of power spectra of inverter output voltage, waveforms of ripple current and audible switching acoustic noise. As results, two-phase RPWM scheme is more effective from the viewpoint of switching loss and ease of implementation while the three-phase RPWM scheme is more effective from the viewpoint of the spread effects of power spectra. Also, from the view point of the audible switching acoustic noise in motor drives, two-phase and three-phase RPWM schemes are nearly the same. 본 연구에서는 모터 구동 장치로부터 발생되는 가청 스위칭 소음을 저감하기 위한 2상 및 3상 랜덤 펄스 위치 PWM기법의 성능을 비교하고 있다. 랜덤 펄스 위치 PWM기법은 2상 또는 3상 펄스들을 변조 구간내의 임의의 위치에 랜덤하게 배치하고 인버터 스위칭에 의하여 고조파의 스펙트럼을 광역화하는 RPWM기법이다. 시뮬레이션과 실험에 의하여 인버터 출력 전압의 고조파 스펙트럼과 맥동 전류 파형 그리고 모터의 가청 스위칭 소음의 저감 효과를 비교 검토하였다. 스위칭 손실 및 연산시간 그리고 구현의 용이성에서 3상 RPWM보다는 2상 RPWM이 양호하며, 고조파의 광대역화 측면에서는 3상 RPWM이 보다 좋은 성능을 지니고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 가청 스위칭 소음저감은 2상 RPWM과 3상 RPWM이 거의 유사한 성능을 갖고 있음이 확인되었다.

고전압 펄스 발생 장치의 특성에 관한 시뮬레이션 연구

김영주(Young-Ju Kim),신주희(Ju-Hee Shin) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2012 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.26 No.12

The high-voltage pulse generator is consist of transformers of fundamental wave and harmonic waves, and shunt capacitances. The pulse has the fundamental wave and the harmonic waves that have been increased as a series circuit by the transformers to make high voltage pulse. This paper shows the high-voltage pulse generator simulation using a circuit program with experiment data. In the equivalent circuit, magnetized inductances and loss resistances which affect output voltage, have been obtained. The output capacitor circuits have characteristics of band pass. The output voltages of the pulse width 50% and 25%(PWM) were obtained. The output of the high-voltage pulse generator is 2.5kHz, 1.8kV.

Novel Zero-Current-Switching (BCS) PWM Switch Cell Minimizing Additional Conduction Loss

Park, Hang-Seok,Cho, B.H. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2002 KIEE International Transactions on Electrical Mach Vol.b2 No.1

This paper proposes a new zero-current switching (ZCS) pulse-width modulation (PWM) switch cell that has no additional conduction loss of the main switch. In this cell, the main switch and the auxiliary switch turn on and turn off under zero current condition. The diodes commutate softly and the reverse recovery problems are alleviated. The conduction loss and the current stress of the main switch are minimized, since the resonating current for the soft switching does not flow through the main switch. Based on the proposed ZCS PWM switch cell, a new family of dc to dc PWM converters is derived. The new family of ZCS PWM converters is suitable for the high power applications employing IGBTs. Among the new family of dc to dc PWM converters, a boost converter was taken as an example and has been analyzed. Design guidelines with a design example are described and verified by experimental results from the 2.5㎾ prototype boost converter operating at 40KHz.