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      • Graphene oxide as a Pickering emulsifier for poly(glycidyl methacrylate) composite particles and their suspension rheology under applied electric fields

        Lee, Chul Joo,Choi, Hyoung Jin Elsevier 2018 Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engi Vol.550 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Electro-responsive smart poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA)/graphene oxide (GO) composite particles were synthesized using Pickering emulsion polymerization, in which the GO sheets simultaneously performed two roles, as a shell in a core-shell structure and a solid Pickering emulsifier. While the morphology of the synthesized PGMA/GO particles was examined via both transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, their chemical structural bonding and thermal stability were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis, respectively. The electrorheological (ER) features of PGMA/GO particle-based ER fluids dispersed in a silicone oil were studied by a rotational rheometer with various electric fields supplied by a high-voltage power generator. The experimental flow curve of the shear stress fitted well with the Bingham fluid model. To obtain additional information about the relationship between their ER behaviors and dielectric properties, the dielectric spectra were examined using a LCR meter and found to fit well with the Cole-Cole equation.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA)/graphene oxide (GO) microspheres were synthesized through Pickering emulsion polymerization and then applied for an electrorheological (ER) fluid. Here, GO prepared from modified Hummers method was used as both a solid stabilizer and an ER activator. ER characteristics and dielectric properties of fabricated PGMA/GO were investigated in detail.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • Effects of precursor composition and mode of crosslinking on mechanical properties of graphene oxide reinforced composite hydrogels

        Jang, Jinhyeong,Hong, Jisu,Cha, Chaenyung Elsevier 2017 Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical m Vol.69 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Graphene oxide (GO) is increasingly investigated as a reinforcing nanofiller for various hydrogels for biomedical applications for its superior mechanical strength. However, the reinforcing mechanism of GO in different hydrogel conditions has not been extensively explored and elucidated to date. Herein, we systematically examine the effects of various types of precursor molecules (monomers vs. macromers) as well as mode of GO incorporation (physical vs. covalent) on the mechanical properties of resulting composite hydrogels. Two hydrogel types, (1) polyacrylamide hydrogels with varying concentrations of acrylamide monomers and (2) poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels with varying molecular weights of PEG macromers, are used as model systems. In addition, incorporation of GO is also controlled by using either unmodified GO or methacrylic GO (MGO) which allows for covalent incorporation. The results in this study demonstrate that the interaction between GO and the surrounding network and its effect on the mechanical properties (i.e. rigidity and toughness) of composite hydrogels are highly dependent on both the type and concentration of precursors and the mode of crosslinking. We expect this study will provide an important guideline for future research efforts on controlling the mechanical properties of GO-based composite hydrogels.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

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        Synthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Particles via Pickering Emulsion Polymerization and Their Viscous Response Under an Electric Field

        민태홍,최형진 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.6

        Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/graphene oxide (GO) core-shell structured particles were fabricated by a Pickering emulsion polymerization method using the GO as a solid stabilizer. Their morphology and chemical bond were measured by transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The improved thermal stability of the GO-coated PMMA particles was also confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. The fabricated particles were dispersed in silicone oil to produce an electrorheological (ER) fluid and their response to an electric field was analyzed in a controlled shear rate mode using a rotational rheometer under an applied electric field. The resulting ER fluid exhibited a typical ER behavior fitted well with both Bingham fluid and Sisko models, and well scaled using a modified Mason number.

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