한국어 문화 교육 내용 양상 연구 : 문학 텍스트에 대한 양적 분석을 중심으로

신호철 淸州大學校 學術硏究所 2024 淸大學術論集 Vol.41 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the aspects of Korean culture education using literary texts by selecting 173 literary texts included in 71 Korean language textbooks published by major Korean language education institutions in Korea and conducting quantitative analysis. First of all, as a result of analyzing 173 literary texts by writer, all writers with the highest frequency were contemporary writers, and especially poets were all the writers with the highest frequency. Through this, it was possible to obtain implications that Korean learners could more easily access the verse text of short texts than the prose text of long texts. Additionally, I analyzed literary texts by categorizing them. Classified according to the four main categories of literary text, classic prose, contemporary prose, and contemporary verse, they were classified in great detail. As a result of the data analysis, it was confirmed that the majority of classic prose texts translated and adapted into modern Korean were included in Korean textbooks. This is due to the fact that the classic texts present the appearance of Korean traditional culture well. Additionally, it can be discovered that the fact that the majority of classical texts are contained in Korean language and culture education indicates that literary texts can be fully utilized as content materials for cultural education. Finally, I organized and analyzed Korean language textbooks containing literary texts by series. There have been various discussions about the timing of Korean language culture education. In other words, the view that culture education should be conducted from beginner learners to advanced learners was at odds, but there was little clear evidence to support each point of view. However, the quantitative analysis of literary texts contained in Korean language textbooks and used in Korean culture education showed that it was possible to grasp the perspectives of Korean language education institutions at each university that wanted to provide Korean culture education for intermediate (fourth) and advanced (five) learners, especially fifth-class learners.

재외 동포용 한국어 교재를 통한 문화교육 방법론 -이미지 텍스트의 기호학적 접근을 중심으로-

김기국 한국언어문화교육학회 2008 언어와 문화 Vol.4 No.1

This study analyzes possible ways of communicating our traditional culture to overseas Koreans by focusing on3 image texts for cultural education. In order to make this a reality, we need to avoid seeing images simply as objects for viewing and appreciation but to understand images as well as letters as texts that can be read and analyzed. Adopting a more concrete and effective concept of semiotics, this paper presents a case of a systematic method of education based on the cultural characteristics and values found in photographic texts which are made up in general of signs. Using the semiotic methodology to approach meanings of Korean culture embedded in image texts will provide instructors teaching Korean language and culture in Korean language schools or similar overseas organizations with a more practical and systematic method of instruction. It is hoped that second and third-generation overseas Koreans who are not familiar with the Korean language will have greater opportunities to indirectly experience and enhance their understanding of Korean culture. (Kyung Hee University of Korea) This study analyzes possible ways of communicating our traditional culture to overseas Koreans by focusing on3 image texts for cultural education. In order to make this a reality, we need to avoid seeing images simply as objects for viewing and appreciation but to understand images as well as letters as texts that can be read and analyzed. Adopting a more concrete and effective concept of semiotics, this paper presents a case of a systematic method of education based on the cultural characteristics and values found in photographic texts which are made up in general of signs. Using the semiotic methodology to approach meanings of Korean culture embedded in image texts will provide instructors teaching Korean language and culture in Korean language schools or similar overseas organizations with a more practical and systematic method of instruction. It is hoped that second and third-generation overseas Koreans who are not familiar with the Korean language will have greater opportunities to indirectly experience and enhance their understanding of Korean culture. (Kyung Hee University of Korea)

15세기 불전언해의 시대적 맥락과 그 성격

김기종(Kim, Ki Jong) 동악어문학회 2012 동악어문학 Vol.58 No.-

간경도감의 언해불전은 그동안 국어학·서지학 분야에서 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔고, 국사학?불교학계에서는 간행의 이유 및 목적에 대한 논의가 있었다. 이들 논의는 간경도감본 언해불전의 편찬 및 간행을 세조의 왕권 확립 내지 강화의 의도로 보거나, 불교대중화와 불교의 사상적 중흥을 지향한 것으로 파악하고 있다. 그러나 ‘억불숭유’의 시대적 흐름과 불전언해의 번역 양식 등을 고려해 볼 때 이러한 견해들은 의심의 여지가 있다. 이에 본고는 15세기 불전언해의 시대적 맥락과 그 의미를 파악하기 위한 작업의 일환으로, 선행연구와는 다른 측면에서 언해불전의 간행 이유와 그 성격에 대해 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 세조대의 주요 불교 정책과 간경도감본 언해불전의 내용 및 성격을 검토하였고, 이상의 검토 결과를 세종대의 불서 편찬의 의도와 관련지어 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 간경도감의 언해불전은 세종의 불교 순화 정책, 곧 백성의 교화와 승려의 교육이라는 두 가지 지향을 계승한 것으로, 儒臣 중심의 간경도감 운영 및 언해 주도와, 불교의 기본 경전을 중심으로 한 언해 텍스트의 선정, 그리고 원문 대역의 번역 방식 등의 특징은 이러한 의도를 반영한 것이라 할 수 있다. 결국, 세조대 언해불전의 편찬 및 간행은 불교 중흥 또는 불교대중화와는 그 성격이 다른, 국가의 안정과 통합을 위한 불교계에 대한 문화 통제의 성격을 갖는다고 하겠다. Korean-version Buddhist texts published by Gangyeongdogam (government office for publishing Korean-version Buddhist texts) have been studied mostly in the areas of Korean language and bibliography, and previous studies by the academic circles of Korean history and Buddhist studies have discussed the reasons and purposes of such publications. These discussions viewed that the compilation and publishing of Korean-version Buddhist texts by Gangyeongdogam purposed to establish or reinforce King Sejo"s sovereign power or to popularize Buddhism and revive Buddhist thoughts. Considering the historical trend suppressing Buddhism and advocating Confucianism and the translation style of Koreanversion Buddhist texts, however, these views are somewhat questionable. Thus, different from previous studies, this study examined the purposes and nature of Korean-version Buddhist texts published by Gangyeongdogam as one of efforts to understand the historical context and meanings of Korean version Buddhist texts in the 15th century. For this purpose, we analyzed major Buddhism related policies during the reign of King Sejo and the contents and nature of Korean version Buddhist texts published by Gangyeongdogam during the period, and discussed the results in connection to the intention of Buddhist text compilation during the reign of King Sejong. According to the results, the publishing of Korean-version Buddhist texts by Gangyeongdogam inherited King Sejong’s Buddhism refinement policies, namely, the edification of people and the education of monks. This intention was reflected in the characteristics such as the operation and translation of Gangyeongdogam led by Confucian officials, the selection of texts mainly from the basic Buddhist scriptures, and bilingual edition of the original language and the Korean language. In conclusion, the compilation and publishing of Korean-version Buddhist texts in the reign of King Sejo were more for cultural control over the Buddhist circle for the stability and integration of the state than for the revival and popularization of Buddhism.

Sino-Korean Texts, Reference Works, and Digital Humanities in Korean Studies

Hak-ze KIM 경성대학교 한국한자연구소 2019 한자연구 Vol.0 No.24

This article discusses the nature of Korean classical Chinese texts, or Sino-Korean texts and pays attention to the need for compiling various reference works in pre-modern Korean studies. And it suggests that the introduction of Digital Humanities to the field is necessary and discusses the conditions for successful Digital Humanities in the field. Due to the ambiguity and complexity of Sino-Korean texts, students of the field need various reference works to refer to for a clear understanding of the texts. It is recently and widely accepted as an urgent task to compile various reference works for Korean studies, ranging from linguistic and term dictionaries to encyclopedias. However, since the number of people who want to use paper dictionaries and reference books continues to reduce, reference work projects for Korean studies need to consider changing the direction. Adopting the Digital Humanities methods in the whole process of the projects can bring promptness, accuracy, and up-to-date-ness to the projects, and enable the field to extend the territory and maximize versatility. In doing so, the projects of reference work for Korean studies can continue to contribute to the development of Korean studies. It can also be used as a useful cultural content on the Internet. There are two issues to take into consideration regarding adopting Digital Humanities for reference work making for Korean studies. One is fostering editors and project managers of Digital Humanities projects for Korean studies; the other is to establish a standard for reference work making projects for effective communication, project planning & evaluation, and manpower training, etc.

Sino-Korean texts, Reference Works, and Digital Humanities in Korean Studies

김학재 경성대학교 한국한자연구소 2019 한자연구 Vol.0 No.24

This article discusses the nature of Korean classical Chinese texts, or Sino-Korean texts and pays attention to the need for compiling various reference works in pre-modern Korean studies. And it suggests that the introduction of Digital Humanities to the field is necessary and discusses the conditions for successful Digital Humanities in the field. Due to the ambiguity and complexity of Sino-Korean texts, students of the field need various reference works to refer to for a clear understanding of the texts. It is recently and widely accepted as an urgent task to compile various reference works for Korean studies, ranging from linguistic and term dictionaries to encyclopedias. However, since the number of people who want to use paper dictionaries and reference books continues to reduce, reference work projects for Korean studies need to consider changing the direction. Adopting the Digital Humanities methods in the whole process of the projects can bring promptness, accuracy, and up-to-date-ness to the projects, and enable the field to extend the territory and maximize versatility. In doing so, the projects of reference work for Korean studies can continue to contribute to the development of Korean studies. It can also be used as a useful cultural content on the Internet. There are two issues to take into consideration regarding adopting Digital Humanities for reference work making for Korean studies. One is fostering editors and project managers of Digital Humanities projects for Korean studies; the other is to establish a standard for reference work making projects for effective communication, project planning & evaluation, and manpower training, etc.

高麗時代 海東佛敎 典籍의 中國 流通에 대하여

석길암(Seok Gil-Am) 불교학연구회 2007 불교학연구 Vol.17 No.-

  Requesting Dharma, or going to China to learn Buddhism, is a key term which prescribes relation between Chinese Buddhism and Korean Buddhism, and a word that used in emphasizing introducing Chinese Buddhism into Korea. It makes us think of Buddhist exchanges between China and Korea as the former"s one-sided transmission to the latter, and, also, fail to notice that Korean Buddhist texts had been introduced to China. This paper aims mainly at correcting this partial point of view on the history of Buddhist exchanges between China and Korea by examining examples of Korean Buddhist texts" export to China in the Goryeo Dynasty.<BR>  Representative examples of Korean Buddhist texts" export to China in the Goryeo Era as follows:<BR>  In Five Dynasties Era in the North of China, Wonhyo (元曉)"s Geumgangsammaegyeongnon (金剛三昧經論, Treatise on the Sutra of Diamond Samadhi) and his life was known to China, which made Chinese texts on history of Zen including Zongjinglu (宗鏡錄, Records of Mirrors of the Sect) record Wonhyo as a Zen master. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, Chinese Tiantai Sect was revived by Uitong (義通)"s activities and Jegwan (諦觀)"s introducing Tiantai texts into China including his writing of Cheontaesagyoui (天台四敎儀, Four Classifications of Cheontae).<BR>  In Song Dynasty, Uicheon (義天)‘s activities were prominent. His achievements in China made Huayan Sect restored with Huiyin-yuan (慧因院) Temple, or Goryeo-sa (高麗寺) Temple in Hangzhou as the central temple, which also made Zen Sect tense. And, from these times, Korean Buddhist texts including Korean Tripitaka seemed to set to be introduced to China. There are another examples of exporting the Korean in Song Dynasty, that is, Geonnapyoha-ilseungsuhaengja-bimil-uigi (健拏標訶一乘修行者秘密義記, Comprehended Records of Ganda-vyuha"s Single Vehicle Practitioners" Secrets) and Seongmahayeonnon (釋摩訶衍論, Interpretative Treatise on Mahayana) included in the Fangshan Tripitaka carved in the Stones.<BR>  In Yuan Dynasty, there are several examples that Korean Tripitake were enshrined in the Chinese temples, and monks who transcribed sutras in China were additional example of transmission of Korean Buddhist culture. Also, introducing of the Commentary on ‘Chapter of Belief and Understanding’ (信解品) and Simjigwangyeonggi (心地觀經記, Records of the Sutra of Contemplating the Mind) by Misu (彌授) to Chinese monks in Yanjing (now Beijing), and transmitting of Susimgyeol (修心訣, Secrets on Cultivating the Mind) and Jinsimjikseol (眞心直說, Straight Talk on the True Mind) by Jinul (知訥) and their including into the Chinese Tripitaka after Wanli Tripitaka finished in 1584, prove that Korean Buddhism had much influence on the Chines.<BR>  From these examples, we can find that Buddhist exchanges between China and Korea cannot be one-sided, rather, Korean monks went to China play double role: requesting Dharma and distributing Korean Buddhism. Therefore, we must have a new understanding of formating East Asia Buddhist circle, which is not one-sided transmission of Buddhist marching east, but promoted by interchanges among them.

한국어 읽기교재의 텍스트 구성방안

이중진 이중언어학회 2009 이중언어학 Vol.40 No.-

This paper aims to give a suggestion as to how to design various text types in a Korean reading textbook. To develope proficiency in Korean language, various texts which are used in the same discourse community must also be adapted in the Korean reading education field as a foreign language. In this reason first, Brinker and Ko-yungkeun's textlinguistics theories, which are applicable to the Korean reading education field will be discussed. And then secondly, based on these theories, I will further classify the texts of 6 Korean reading textbooks (levels 1 to 6 published by Yonsei University Press) into the six text types and then mention the necessity for text types in Korean reading texts. Lastly, I attempt to present various texts in view of diversity of text types from levels 1 to 6. This paper should hopefully be a little contribution for teaching Korean reading classes effectively and construction Korean reading text books as a syllabus.

정보적 텍스트를 고급 한국어 읽기 수업에서 활용할 수 있는 방법에 대한 연구

( D. Otgontsetseg ) 한국어문학국제학술포럼 2009 Journal of Korean Culture Vol.12 No.-

본 연구는 몽골대학교에서 한국어를 전공하는 학습자를 대상으로 읽기 능력의 중요성을 강조하고 읽기 능력 향상을 위한 교수·학습 방법을 구안하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이 연구는 몽골에서 이루어지는 읽기 교육의 문제점을 진단하고 몽골인 고급 학습자들에게 효과적인 읽기 교육을 제공하기 위해 최선의 교수·학습 방법을 고안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 학습자에게 가장 필요하다고 할 수 있는 정보적 텍스트를 대상으로 한 읽기 교수·학습 방법을 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구의 II장에서는 텍스트에 대한 고찰을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 주요 연구 대상인 텍스트, 텍스트의 유형, 텍스트의 구조, 정보적 텍스트의 개념을 명확하게 규정하였다. 그리고 III장에서는 읽기 교육에서 정보적 텍스트의 위상을 논의했다. 정보적 텍스트를 한국어 읽기 수업에 도입하여 활용하는 것이 언어교육학적인 관점과 학습자의 세상에 대한 지식 및 목표 언어의 사회·문화적인 지식의 활성화 등 여러 중요한 의의를 지닌다는 점을 강조하여 읽기 교육 현장에서 정보적 텍스트의 선정 기준을 정하고자 하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 하여 IV장에서는 몽골인 고급 한국어학습자의 읽기 능력 향상 방안으로 정보적 텍스트를 읽기 수업에 활용할 수 있는 방법을 구안해 보았다. 이 장에서 정보적 텍스트의 읽기 교육의 목표와 내용을 구성하여 학습자가 정보적 텍스트를 학습자가 자기 지식으로 받아들일 수 있는 능력을 길러 주기 위해 정보적 텍스트의 구조에 익숙해지기 위한 전략 및 읽기 지도 방법의 원리를 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to devise a teaching-learning methodology which emphasizes the importance of reading abilities and aims to improve learners' reading performances, with Mongolian university students of Korean language major as participants. This study intends to make a diagnosis on the problems of Korean reading education in Mongolia and to devisean effective teaching-learning methodology by which a high standard of reading education for Mongolian advanced learners of Korean can be established. In this regard, this study looked into the teaching-learning methodology based on informative texts which learners would find very useful. Chapter II of this study made a comprehensive discussion on texts. The major interests of this study such as texts, text types, text structures and the notion of informative texts were defined in definite terms. And chapter III was discussed the status of informative texts in reading education. This chapter emphasized the necessity of the introduction of informative texts into Korean reading classes. It has much significance not only from the perspective of language education but also in that it activates learners' world knowledge and socio-cultural knowledge. With these implications in mind, this study attempted to establish a set of criteria for selecting appropriate informative texts in the field of reading education. With these findings in consideration, the chapter IV discussed the methods to put informative texts into practices in reading classes for the purpose of improving the reading abilities of Mongolian advanced learners of Korean. This chapter set up the objective and contents of teaching informative texts reading by which learners can transform informative texts into their own knowledge. For this aim, this chapter provided reading strategies and guiding principles which will help learners to be accustomed to the structure of informative texts.

조선시대 언해불전의 편찬과 그 성격

김기종 ( Kim Ki-jong ) 동아시아불교문화학회 2018 동아시아불교문화 Vol.0 No.34

언해불전의 편찬은 조선전기인 15·16세기에 집중적으로 이루어졌다. 조선후기에는 15·16세기의 언해불전이 활발하게 복각·유통되었지만, 새롭게 편찬된 언해불전은 『권념요록』과 『염불보권문』의 두 책뿐이다. 그리고 조선전기와 후기의 언해불전은 그 편찬 배경과, 언해된 텍스트의 내용 및 성격에서 차이를 보인다. 15세기 간경도감의 언해불전은 대승경전의 주석서와 선서(禪書)로 양분된다. 전자의 일부는 당시 도승법(度僧法)의 송경 과목과 일치하고, 후자는 종파적 입장이 아닌 승려로서 읽어야 할 불교입문서로도 볼 수 있다. 지방 사찰의 16세기 언해불전은 언해의 텍스트 선정에 있어, 선서의 비중이 확대되었고, 대승경전의 주석서 대신 밀교경전이 새로 추가되었다. 선서의 경우는, 보다 전문화된 주석서 내지 연구서가 포함되어 있다. 이들 언해불전은 승려의 생활과 밀접한 관련이 있고, 승려들을 주요 독자층으로 설정하고 있다는 점에서 간경도감본과 공통점을 갖는다. 이러한 사실을 통해, 조선전기 언해불전의 편찬은 관판과 사찰판 모두, ‘승려의 교육’에 그 주된 목적이 있었음을 알 수 있다. 조선후기 언해불전의 특징적인 국면은 『은중경언해』의 유통 및 개각(改刻), 『권념요록』과 『염불보권문』의 편간, 『월인석보』 권21의 『지장경언해』로의 재편이라는 세 가지 사항으로 집약된다. 『은중경』의 ‘효’ 뿐만 아니라, 『권념요록』·『염불보권문』·『지장경언해』에서 각각 왕생의 방법과 지옥행의 이유로 제시하고 있는 항목들은 대체로 일상생활에서 지켜야 할 윤리 규범과 관련이 있다. 이 불전들에 의하면 지옥에 떨어지지 않고 극락에 왕생하기 위해서는 삼보(三寶)에 대한 믿음 외에, 윤리적 규범을 지켜야 하는 것이다. 곧 조선후기에 널리 유통·향유된 4종의 언해불전은 모두 일종의 ‘교화서’로 볼 수 있다. 결국, 조선시대의 언해불전은 전기와 후기라는 편간의 시기에 따라 그 편찬의 목적이 다르고, 그 결과 각각 승려 교육을 위한 학습서와, 대중을 위한 교화서라는 이중적 성격을 갖는다고 하겠다. As a part of a full-scale study on the non-verbal failure, this article examines the reasons for the compilation of Korean-version Buddhist texts in the Joseon dynasty and its implications. The compilation of Korean-version Buddhist texts was concentrated in the 15th and 16th centuries. In the late Joseon period, Korean-version Buddhist texts of the 15th and 16th centuries were actively published and circulated, but newly compiled Korean-version Buddhist texts are rare. In the early Joseon Dynasty, Korean-version Buddhist texts is closely related to the lives of the monks and sets monks as the main audience. Let the Korean-version Buddhist texts of the early Joseon Dynasty know that the purpose of the compilation is to educate monks. The characteristic aspects of Korean-version Buddhist texts in the late Chosun Dynasty are related to the ethical norms that the public should observe in their daily lives. After all, Korean-version Buddhist texts of Joseon dynasty is different in purpose of compilation according to the compilation time of the early Joseon Dynasty and the late Chosun Dynasty, and as a result, it is said that it is the character book of study book for the monk education and the edification book for the public respectively.

Applying Systemic Functional Grammar to Korean Texts: Transitivity, Mood/Modality, and Theme

고보애 한국외국어대학교 언어연구소 2018 언어와 언어학 Vol.0 No.79

Bo-Ai Ko. 2018. Applying Systemic Functional Grammar to Korean Texts: Transitivity, Mood/Modality, and Theme. Language and Linguistics 79, 45-76. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the applicability of Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) to a range of Korean texts in terms of Transitivity, Mood/Modality and Theme system. To do so, this study first examined the salient linguistic features of Korean that are relevant considerations for the application of SFG. Based on such features, the similarities and differences of the Korean and English linguistic systems were examined in terms of the three metafunctions of SFG: experiential, textual and interpersonal. The study subsequently provides a sample text analysis of email and personal diary writing of two Korean ESL children, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of applying SFG to Korean texts.