영어 진행형의 인지적 의미와 행위자성에 관한 분석

이나승 새한영어영문학회 2009 새한영어영문학 Vol.51 No.2

This paper aims to analyse the meanings of English progressives and their relationship with agentivity within the framework of cognitive grammar. English verbs have various meanings in terms of the process they represent. Though there are many ways to classify verbs according to their meanings, I classify verb processes into perfective process and imperfective process. Perfective process is bounded in the temporal domain and has change of state, imperfective process is not bounded and extends indefinitely. But these two processes have different aspects in the progressive, Perfective process is unbounded and means permanent state like imperfectives. On the contrary, imperfective process is bounded like perfectives. These are the important characteristics represented in the English progressive. English progressive in terms of these two processes is related to agentivity. Agentivity in the extended perfective process is very weak because the subject has very weak or no volition. On the other hand, agentivity in the intended imperfective process is strong because the subject has strong volition to do something, I show the figures that are profiled in each domain according to the framework of cognitive grammar. In short, English progressive seems to be dynamic in that it can be extended or intended in the spatial, temporal, or abstract domain and the strength of agentivity it presents can be changed.

Optimal Imperfect-Quality Inventory Models for Continuous and Discrete Shipping with Process Improvement and Setup Reduction

김대수(DaeSoo Kim),유승호(Seung Ho Yoo) 한국경영과학회 2009 한국경영과학회지 Vol.34 No.1

Intelligent investment in setup cost reduction and process reliability improvement is crucial to an emerging integrated lean six sigma practice today. This study examines a cost-minimizing problem of jointly determining production lot size, setup cost reduction, and process reliability improvement decisions for a manufacturer with an imperfect production process. We develop models for previously untapped discrete shipping in a supply chain context as well as continuous shipping and solve them optimally using differential calculus and nonlinear programming. We also conduct analytic and numerical sensitivity analyses to provide various important managerial insights into practices.

Optimal Lot Sizing, Pricing and Process Reliability Investment Model for an Imperfect Production System with Customer Return

유승호(Seung Ho Yoo),김대수(DaeSoo Kim),박명섭(Myung-Sub Park) 한국생산관리학회 2010 韓國生産管理學會誌 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구는 기업의 불완전한 생산시스템과 판매가격 결정이 기업 내외부에 미치는 영향을 통합적으로 분 석하는 데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 불완전한 생산프로세스에서 산출된 불량품은 고객의 불만족을 일으켜 가 격 결정과 더불어 고객의 수요에 영향을 미치게 된다. 또한 불량품은 교환 및 환불의 형태로 반품되고, 재 작업, 이차 시장으로의 판매 및 폐기 등의 형태로 재처리되면서 추가적인 비용을 일으켜 기업의 이익에 음 의 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존의 연구가 다루지 않은 기업의 현실적인 상황을 고려하여 이익을 최대화하는 생산로트 크기, 판매가격, 허용불량률 및 재작업 횟수를 통합적으로 결정하는 모형을 제시하고 있다. 해법에 있어서 모형의 수학적 복잡성으로 인해 폐쇄형 최적해를 구할 수 없으므로 먼저 미 분을 통해 목적식을 간소화한 후 비선형 모형을 개발하여 이에 대한 최적해를 도출하고 이를 수리적으로 예시하고 있다. 또한 민감도 분석을 통해 모형 변수들의 행태를 분석하고, 이를 통해 기업 실무에서 마케 팅 및 생산 각 부문의 통합적 의사결정에 필요한 주요 변수들에 대한 실무적 시사점을 제시하고 있다. This study aims at examining both internal and external effects of an imperfect-quality production system along with a pricing decision in practice. The problem investigated involves a production system that follows a non-deteriorating stable process, generating binomial yields, thereby passing defective items to customers and negatively affecting demand along with a firm’s pricing decision. Then customers return those defectives for exchange or refund, and the firm disposes them through rework, salvage, or scrap. For this previously unexplored problem of practical significance, we develop a nonlinear profit-maximization model of jointly determining production lot size, rework frequency, defective proportion and selling price. In solution, due to the mathematical complexity of the model in finding optimal closed-form solutions, we first reduce the objective function using differential calculus and then develop a nonlinear programming model to obtain global optimal solutions. We present a numerical example and conduct extensive sensitivity analyses to illustrate critical behaviors of model variables, in order to provide important managerial insights into practice in making comprehensive marketing and production decisions.

Warranty cost anlaysis for multi-component systems with imperfect repair

Park, Minjae The Korean Reliability Society 2014 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.15 No.1

This paper develops a warranty cost model for complex systems with imperfect repair within a warranty period by addressing a practical case that the first inter-failure interval is longer than any other inter-failure intervals. The product is in its best condition before the first failure if repair is imperfect. After the imperfect repair, other inter-failure intervals which are explained by renewal processes, are stochastically smaller than the first inter-failure interval. Based on this idea, we suggest the failure-interval-failure-criterion model. In this model, we consider two random variables, X and Y where X represents failure intervals and Y represents failure criterion. We also obtain the distribution of the number of failures and conduct the warranty cost analysis. We investigate different types of warranty cost models, reliabilities and other measures for various systems including series-parallel configurations. Several numerical examples are discussed to demonstrate the applicability of the methodologies derived in the paper.

Warranty cost analysis for multi-component systems with imperfect repair

Minjae Park 한국신뢰성학회 2014 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.15 No.1

This paper develops a warranty cost model for complex systems with imperfect repair within a warranty period by addressing a practical case that the first inter-failure interval is longer than any other inter-failure intervals. The product is in its best condition before the first failure if repair is imperfect. After the imperfect repair, other inter-failure intervals which are explained by renewal processes, are stochastically smaller than the first inter-failure interval. Based on this idea, we suggest the failure-interval-failurecriterion model. In this model, we consider two random variables, X and Y where X represents failure intervals and Y represents failure criterion. We also obtain the distribution of the number of failures and conduct the warranty cost analysis. We investigate different types of warranty cost models, reliabilities and other measures for various systems including series-parallel configurations. Several numerical examples are discussed to demonstrate the applicability of the methodologies derived in the paper.

Temporal and aspectual characteristics of verba sentiendi et cogitandi in Czech

Ilona Starý Kořánová(Ilona Starý Kořánová ) 한국슬라브어학회 2022 슬라브어연구 Vol.27 No.2

The article deals with verba sentiendi et cogitandi in Czech, specifically with verbs vidět [see], slyšet [hear], cítit [smell/feel/sense], vědět and znát [know]. The framework of the study is the notion of TAM space, which is constituted by interrelations of time, aspect and modality factors in establishing communication construal. The article focuses on interplay of two of this factor triple, namely aspect and time. It builds on two distinctions: stative events (states) vs. dynamic events (activities processes), and distinction between morphological aspect (i.e., aspect given by the morphological make-up of the verb) vs. aspectual construal of the communication the verb is part of. The latter of the distinctions is motivated by the fact that in Czech morphologically perfective verbs may constitute an imperfective communication construal and vice versa. It is demonstrated that the above verbs behave in Czech in regard to TAM differently than other verbs: they do not constitute aspectual »perfective vs. imperfective« pairs contrary to, for instance, telic verbs; in respect to aspect and tense they result in different communication construals in collocation with temporal expressions and various verbal tenses than other verbs. The article provides explanation of these specifics. All conclusions and explanations are corpora based.

Inventory models with Work-in-Process lnventory for lmperfect Production Setup -A review

( Misbah Ullah ),( Chang Wook Kang ) 한국품질경영학회 2014 한국품질경영학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.2

1. 목적 · This paper provides a comprehensive review of the inventory models focusing imperfect manu-facturing setup and work-in-process inventory. Optimum lot sizes are calculated based on average cost minimization. 2. 연구설계/ 방법론/ 접근방법 · Totals cost function has been defined for all the developed models with assumptions and notation. Optimum lot sizes are calculated based on average cost minimization using a simple algebraic approach. Imperfect manufacturing setup processes are varied from a perfect condition to an im-perfect manufacturing environment in order to get the lot as per the desired scenario. The results obtained using new algebraic approach remain the same as obtained previously. 3. 연구결과 · Developed models are analyzed regarding model sensitivity for different parameters. Parameters include setup cost, demand rate, manufacturing time, rework percentage, rejection percentage and inspection time required for product qualification. A numerical example has been used to analyze models for these several parameters. Setup cost, demand rate, manufacturing time, rejection per-centage and inspection time remain significant parameters and its impact on lot size was considerable. The response of the developed models (GTOQ, GTOOR, and GTOOIR) varies based on their assumption and problem condition. GTOQIR model can be considered more robust and flexible as it acconm1odate more practical working conditions. 4. 실무적 시사점 · These findings are of great value to the manufacturing engineers working particularly in group technology imperfect manufacturing environment. These models can be used to get the optimum lot size at average cost minimization taking process imperfection like rework, rejection and in-spection time etc. Managers will be able to dig out the hidden process imperfection effect on in-ventory lot size 5. 독창성/ 가치 · Economic order quantity and production order quantity models (EOQ and POQ) are based on the unrealistic assumption that process produce good quality product every time. Also almost all proc-esses are facing quality related issues in general and manufacturing setups in particular. This give an insight to manufacturing engineers to consider work-in-process inventory and focus on process behavior regarding product quality to get minimized the total average cost.

Cost analysis on renewable warranty policies subject to imperfect strategies using inter-failure intervals

Minjae Park 한국신뢰성학회 2013 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.14 No.1

In this paper, cost analysis is conducted using inter-failure interval under renewable warranty subject to imperfect repair for multi-component system. One way to model the imperfect repair is to use the quasi-renewal process (Wang and Pham 1996). Two alternative quasi-renewal processes were suggested by Park and Pham (2010) using quasi-renewal process; first is an altered quasi-renewal process with random variable parameter and second is a mixed quasi-renewal process considering replacement service and repair service, simultaneously. In this study, we use the altered and mixed quasi-renewal processes and develop the warranty cost model to obtain the expected value of warranty cost and to help company make important decisions regarding the warranty policy. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the applicability of the methodology derived in the paper.

Cost analysis on renewable warranty policies subject to imperfect strategies using inter-failure intervals

Park, Minjae The Korean Reliability Society 2013 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.14 No.1

In this paper, cost analysis is conducted using inter-failure interval under renewable warranty subject to imperfect repair for multi-component system. One way to model the imperfect repair is to use the quasi-renewal process (Wang and Pham 1996). Two alternative quasi-renewal processes were suggested by Park and Pham (2010) using quasi-renewal process; first is an altered quasi-renewal process with random variable parameter and second is a mixed quasi-renewal process considering replacement service and repair service, simultaneously. In this study, we use the altered and mixed quasi-renewal processes and develop the warranty cost model to obtain the expected value of warranty cost and to help company make important decisions regarding the warranty policy. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the applicability of the methodology derived in the paper.

Automated Geometric Imperfection Detection and Quantification of CFS Members from Point Clouds

Burcu Güldür Erkal,Özge Gizem Çağrıcı 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.26 No.9

Cold-formed steel (CFS) has become widely used as a construction material in the last decade. Many studies have been performed to investigate the behaviour of CFS members as individual structural components. The results obtained from these studies showed that CFS members' behaviour under certain loading cases is significantly affected by the geometric imperfections present on these members. To fully understand an individual CFS member's behaviour, the effects of geometric imperfection should be taken into account. However, locating and quantifying these geometric imperfections on any CFS member is not straightforward. In this research, geometric imperfections are- detected automatically using a novel methodology. This method relies on the usage of a three-dimensional optical scanner for collecting texture-mapped point clouds of various C- and omega-sectioned CFS members. CFS members' local and global geometric imperfections are then extracted from the captured texture-mapped point clouds. The obtained results are then compared with the literature. It is observed that the geometric imperfection distributions at both local and global levels on CFS members differ significantly along each member. This differentiation is observed even for the identically dimensioned members manufactured in succession using the same machine.