어촌뉴딜 연계방안을 통한 경관디자인 개선방안 연구 - 강원도 양양군 기사문항 어촌뉴딜 300 사업을 중심으로 -

이종호 커뮤니케이션디자인학회(구 시각디자인학회) 2020 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.73 No.-

어촌뉴딜 300 사업은 2019년부터 2022년까지 해양수산부가 낙후된 어촌과 어항을 지역 특성에 맞게 개발하는 국책사업이다. 본 연구는 지역의 어촌뉴딜 성과 달성을 위한 지역주민의 지역역량강화 사업의 정책과 교육관련 사업의 동향을 살피고, 어촌뉴딜 300 사업의 현황과 정책목표를 이해한 후, 양양군 기사문항의 어촌 활성화 방안에 관한 지역역량강화(S/W)사업의 다양성과 전문성을 제고하기 위한 연구에 목표를 두고 있다. 도시어항의 경우 주민의 과반수이상이 어업활동을 하지 않는 도시민으로 채워져 실제로는 전통적 공동체가 해체되고 있으며 먹거리 위주의 획일적 개발로 지역별 정체성을 상실한 어촌 경관이 형성되고 있다. 본 연구는 수변공간의 적극적 개발로 새로운 기능을 가진 도시어항, 경제적·문화적 특성을 살린 복합기능의 지역어항으로 변화하기 위한 지속가능한 도시어항 재생을 위한 경관디자인을 제시하였다. 제시한 어촌경관계획 및 지역역량강화 프로그램은 어촌고유의 지역성을 강화하여야 한다. 주민들이 직접 참여하는 주민 참여형 디자인 전략과 각 도시어촌이 갖고 있는 고유의 정체성을 표출할 수 있는 방법으로 추진되어야 한다. 어촌 지역민의 정주 환경개선으로 삶의 질을 제고하여 살기 좋고, 찾고 싶은 어촌지역을 만들기 위한 일환으로 어촌지역의 활성화에 기여할 수 있는 지속 발전 가능한 자료로 연구되었다. The Fishing Village New Deal 300 project is a national project for the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries to develop underdeveloped fishing villages and fishing ports from 2019 to 2022 according to regional characteristics. This study studied the policy of local residents' regional competency enhancement projects and the trends of education-related projects to achieve the results of the local fishing village New Deal. Understand the current status and policy goals of the Fishing Village New Deal 300 project. Based on this, the goal is to research to enhance the diversity and expertise of the regional competency enhancement (S/W) project on the plan to revitalize the fishing village of Yangyang-gun article questions. In the case of urban fishing ports, more than half of the residents are occupied by urban residents who do not engage in fishing. In reality, traditional communities are being disbanded. This study proposed a landscape design for sustainable urban fishing port regeneration to transform into an urban fishing port with new functions through active development of a waterfront space, and a regional fishing port with complex functions utilizing economic and cultural characteristics. The proposed fishing village landscape plan and regional capability enhancement program should strengthen the locality of the fishing village. It should be promoted in a way to express the unique identity of each urban fishing village and a resident participatory design strategy in which residents directly participate. The study was conducted as a sustainable data that can contribute to the vitalization of fishing villages as a part of improving the quality of life by improving the settlement environment of the fishing village residents to make the fishing village where they live and want to find.

어촌민속 전승에서의 어촌계 역할과전승 양상 -부산·경남의 어촌과 도시어항을 중심으로-

김정하 한국민속학회 2018 韓國民俗學 Vol.67 No.-

This treatise aims at explaining about the role of fishing village union at fishing village, and about the trends of continuance or change of fishing folklore. For the explaining, it is necessary to classify ‘fishing village’ as fishing villages and urban fishing ports, and search for the differences of fishing works, businesses, events, activities at the villages and ports. On the basis of such explaining and searching, this treatise tries to find out the particular roles to support or manage the village rite at fishing villages, urban festival and bringing about of Byulsingut(별신굿) at urban fishing ports as dialectical gradation, thesis -antithesis-synthesis. At the results, such facts are clarified that fishing village union support the village rite at fishing villages as Munhang village and Honghyun village and fishing village unions manage the urban festival at Dadaedong and bring about the Donghaean Byulsingut(동해안별신굿) at Dongsamdong which are all urban fishing ports. In the cases, the supporting of fishing village union for the village rites may keep and maintain the fishing folklore tradition which may promote unity of villagers, on the contrary, which may occur problems such as blind representation and artificial invention of ‘home-town image’ at the same time. And the management of fishing village union for the urban fishing festival may be events which make villagers unite and which promote selling of special regional products as fishes or shellfishes etc. with programs which apply traditional folklore to the urban fishing festival. However, on the contrary, the management may have problems such as using as means of economic business or political power at the same time. In comparison with them, the bringing about of Donghaean Byulsingut(별신굿) at urban fishing port as Dongsamdong may be desirable event to make villagers satisfy their wish and expectation about authenticity of fishing folklore. 이 논문은 어촌과 도시어항에서의 어촌민속 전승에서의 어촌계의 역할과 그 전승 양상을 파악하고자 시도했다. 이를 위해 우선 기존논의에서 어촌으로만 통칭하던 어촌민속 전승공간을 어촌과 도시어항으로 구분하였다. 그 각각의 해당지역에서 어촌계는 어업을 비롯한 마을어장 이용, 자율관리어업공동체사업과 어촌체험마을사업, 도시형관광어촌마을사업 등 생산 활동에서 여전히 주도권을 쥐고 있다. 이를 기반으로 어촌계는 어촌민속의 후원자나 주최자로서의 역할을 하면서 어촌민속의 지속과 변모에도 상당한 영향을 미치고, 그로써 어촌계는 지역의 소통과 단합을 도모하기도 한다. 이 연구를 위한 대상지역으로는 근대어업이 발달한 대표적 지역이면서도 전래의 어촌이 남아있는 남해군 문항마을과 홍현마을, 도시어항의 대표 격인 부산시 다대동, 동삼동을 택했다. 남해 문항마을이나 홍현마을 등은 어촌민속으로서의 동제를 꾸준히 치르는 지역이며, 부산시 다대동은 동제에는 관심을 갖지 않지만 대신 어촌계가 도시축제의 주최자로 나서는 지역이다. 이에 비해 부산시 동삼동은 전래민속인 동해안별신굿을 유치해 풍어제란 이름 아래 개최하며 마을주민 전체의 단합을 도모하는 지역이다. 먼저 어촌계가 동제를 후원하는 경우에는 전통을 고수하고 유지한다는 명분을 앞세워 마을주민을 단합시키는 순기능과더불어 전래민속을 묵수적으로 재현하며 ‘고향 이미지’를 작위적으로 창출할 수도 있다는 문제가 있다. 이에 비해 도시어항에서의 축제는 전래민속을 활용한 축제프로그램 운영을 지역특산물 판매 등의 목적에 연결시켜 마을주민의 지지와 협력을 받는 시민행사를 연출하지만 자칫 도시축제가 권력과 금력의 도구로 전락할 위험이 있다. 이에 비해 동해안별신굿을 유치하여 풍어제를 치르는 동삼동의 경우는 기층민중이 기대하고 소망하는 전래 어촌민속의 상징성, 신성성, 공동체성, 생산성 등을 환기하는 계기가 될 가능성이 있다고 본다.

개인의 배경적 특성에 따른 어촌체험휴양마을 선호도 분석

최규철 ( Choi Kyuchul ),김정태 ( Kim Jungtae ),이서구 ( Lee Seogu ),강동선 ( Kang Dongseon ) 한국농공학회 2021 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.63 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analysis the influence of personal backgrounds on the preference of fishing village experience recreation villages. As the analysis method, binary logistic regression analysis was used. Dependent variables are experience recreation villages (rural and fishing). The independent variables consist of 9 groups of people: gender, age, family type, marital status, presence of children, principal companion, fishing village image, visit experience villages, recognition of fishing village experience recreation village. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the tourist’s gender, age, family type, marital status, presence of children, principal companion, fishing village image, visit experience villages, recognition of fishing village experience recreation village influence the preference of fishing village experience recreation village. By characteristics of each group, it was found that male prefer fishing village experience recreation villages 1.597 times as much as female, and those with a positive image about fishing villages prefer fishing village experience recreation villages as much as 2.644 times than those with negative images. In addition, it was found that those who visited the fishing village experience and recreation village prefer the fishing village experience village about six times more than those who have never visited.

관광객 특성에 따른 어촌체험프로그램 선택의 영향력 분석

이서구 ( Lee Seo-gu ),최규철 ( Choi Kyu-chul ),김정태 ( Kim Jung-tae ) 한국농촌계획학회 2020 농촌계획 Vol.26 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analysis the influence of fishing villages experience programs choice by the tourist characteristics. As an analysis method, a statistical technique of multinomial logistic regression was used. The dependent variable have typified about 70 fishing experience programs, such as tidal-flat experience, fishery experience, and fishing experience, operated by the fishing village experience recreation villages into 9 programs. The independent variables consisted of 7 groups of people: gender, age, marital status, presence of children, experience of visiting a village in a rural and fishing village experience, preference of a village in a recreational experience, and recognition of a village in a fishing village experience. As a result of analysis, no significant differences were found that the selection group preferring ‘fishing culture experience’, ‘leports experience’, ‘ecological craft experience’, and ‘festival and event experience’ in the selection of fishing village experience program compared to the group choosing ‘rural experience’. On the other hand, the group preferring ‘tidal flat experience’ analysis that ‘married’ is about 14 times higher than ‘unmarried’, and the group preferring ‘fishing village experience’ is 9.55 times higher than the group preferring ‘rural village experience’. In the group preferring ‘fishery experience’ and ‘fishing experience’, the group preferring ‘fishing experience recreation village’ was 9.21 times and 14.34 times higher than the group preferring ‘rural experience recreation village’. In the ‘food experience’, ‘married’ was 25 times higher than ‘unmarried’.

격포어촌계의 사회적 성격에 대한 문화사적 연구- 어촌 사회적경제와 커먼즈의 관점 -

김언상,원도연 한국지역사회학회 2022 지역사회연구 Vol.30 No.3

Currently, Korea's fishing village society is losing vitality, and fishing productivity is also decreasing. In a Korean society surrounded by the sea on three sides, the decline and collapse of the fishing village community can be a serious social problem in another sense. This is because the social values and social and ecological roles that the fishing village community has played so far are very important. One of the things that has overcome the crisis and limitations of the capitalist market economy in Korean society since the 2010s and is seeking the possibility of an alternative economy is the social economy. Although the social economy has also been blowing in fishing village society, the social economy related to fisheries and fishing villages is relatively very vulnerable compared to cities and rural areas. However, in light of the fact that sales and job creation effects are above average, it suggests that fisheries and fishing villages can have considerable competitiveness in the social economy. This study focuses on the 'fishing community', the mainstay of the fishing community, in order to revitalize the fishing village society that has rapidly declined over the past half century. Prior to a full-fledged approach to the fishing village community, the policy flow of the social economy and the pattern of changes in the fishing village community are briefly explained. In addition, through a cultural and historical study of the Gyeokpo Fishing Village with historical value, we will examine the formation history and development process of the fishing village, and summarize the community and social values of the fishing village. The fishing village community needs to be reevaluated from the perspective of the social economy beyond the maintenance and recovery of the fishing village community. It can also be seen as the most typical form of communication in Korean society, and it can be an important basis for the community movement of Korean society in the future. 현재 한국의 어촌사회는 활력을 잃어가고 있으며, 어업생산력 역시 낮아지고 있는 추세다. 삼면이 바다로 둘러싸여있는 한국사회에서 어촌공동체의 쇠퇴와 붕괴는 또 다른 의미에서 심각한 사회문제가 될 수 있다. 지금까지 어촌공동체가 수행해온 사회적 가치와 사회생태적 역할은 매우 중요하기 때문이다. 2010년대 이후 한국사회에서 자본주의 시장경제의 위기와 한계를 극복하고 대안경제의 가능성을 모색하고 있는 것 중의 하나가 사회적경제다. 어촌사회에서도 사회적경제의 바람이 불었지만, 수산업·어촌 관련 사회적경제는 도시와 농촌에 비해 상대적으로 매우 취약한 수준이다. 하지만 매출액 및 일자리 창출 효과에 있어서는 평균 이상의 성과를 거두고 있다는 점을 비추어봤을 때, 수산업과 어촌이 사회적경제 영역에서 상당한 경쟁력을 가질 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. 본 연구는 지난 반세기 동안 급격하게 쇠락한 어촌사회의 활성화를 위해 어촌공동체의 주축인 ‘어촌계’에 주목한다. 어촌계에 대한 본격적인 접근에 앞서 사회적경제의 정책적 흐름과 어촌공동체의 변화양상에 대해 간략하게 설명한다. 그리고 역사적 가치를 지닌 ‘격포 어촌계’의 문화사적 연구를 통해 어촌계의 형성사와 발전과정을 살펴보고, 어촌계가 지닌 공동체성과 사회적 가치에 대해 정리하고자 한다. 어촌계는 어촌공동체의 유지와 회복을 넘어 사회적경제라는 관점에서 재평가될 필요가 있다. 또한 한국사회에서 가장 전형적인 커먼즈의 형태라고 볼 수 있으며, 향후 한국사회의 공동체 운동에 중요한 기반이 될 수 있다.

도시민의 어촌관광동기에 따른 행동의도에 관한 연구

이용일 ( Yong Il Lee ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2012 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.24 No.1

According to the new tourism trend, fishing village tour has been focused as one of strategies to increase income and the life quality of fishing village residents. However, Fishing village in S. Korea raises many problems due to fishing tourism policies which lack consideration for the fishing village situations and the village residents` expectation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze urban tourists` motivation in touring fishing villages in order to establish a plausible marketing strategy. Thus, this study focuses on the fishing village tourism behavior of urban residents. The data was collected from 244 urban residents from metropolitan cities of S. Korea. The hypothesis are identified as follows: (1) Participants`s motivation(urban participants`s wish for emotional and amazing experience)to tour fishing villages will have significant effect on the analysis dealing with fishing village tourism motivation factors. (2) Satisfaction on previous trips to fishing villages will have significant effect on the revisits from tourists. 3. Satisfaction with the trips will cause the tourists to recommend others to visit fishing villages. Thus, in order succeed in fishing village tourism, strategies on fishing village tourism packages should be based on the statements above.

빅데이터를 활용한 어촌체험휴양마을 방문객의 경험분석 - 화성시 백미리와 양양군 수산리 어촌체험휴양마을을 대상으로 -

송소현 ( Song So-Hyun ),안병철 ( An Byung-chul ) 한국농촌계획학회 2021 농촌계획 Vol.27 No.4

This study used big data to analyze visitors’ experiences in Fishing Experience Recreation Village. Through the portal site posting data for the past s ix years, the experience of visiting Fishing Experience Villages in Baekmi and Susan was analyzed. The analysis method used Text mining and Social Network Analysis which are Big data analysis techniques. Data was collected using Textom, and experience keywords were extracted by analyzing the frequency and importance of experience texts. Afterwards, the characteristics of the experience of visiting the Fishing Experience Village were identified through the analysis of the interaction between the experience keywords using ‘Ucinet 6.0’ and ‘NetDraw’. First, through TF and TF-IDF values, keywords such as “Gungpyeong Port”, “Susan Port”, and “Yacht Marina” that refer to the name of the port and the port facilities appeared at the top. This is interpreted as the name of the port has the greatest impact on the recognition of the Fishing Experience Villages, and visitors showed a lot of interest in the port facilities. Second, focusing on the unique elements of port facilities and fishing villages such as “mud flat experience”, “fishing village experience”, “Gungpyeong port”, “Susan port”, “yacht marina”, and “beach” through the values of degree, closeness, and betweenness centrality interpreted as having an interaction with various experiences. Third, through the CONCOR analysis, it was confirmed that the visitor’s experience was focused on the dynamic behavior, the experience program had the greatest influence on the experience of the visitor, and that the experience of the static and the dynamic behavior was relatively balanced. In conclusion, the experience of visitors in the Fishing Experience Villages is most affected by the environment of the fishing village such as the tidal flats and the coast and the fishing village experience program conducted at the fishing port facilities. In particular, it was found that fishing port facilities such as ports and marinas had a high influence on the awareness of the Fishing Experience Villages. Therefore, it is important to actively utilize the scenery and environment unique to fishing villages in order to revitalize the Fishing Experience Villages experience and improve the quality of the visitor experience. This study is significant in that it studied visitors’ experiences in fishing village recreation villages using big data and derived the connection between fishing village and fishing village infrastructure in fishing village experience tourism.

어촌체험관광 선호유형에 따른 전반적인 만족, 재방문 의사에 관한 연구 : 어촌뉴딜사업지를 중심으로

장서진(Jang, Seo-Jin) 한국해양관광학회 2021 해양관광학연구 Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of this study is to provide implications for the specialized project and software creation of the fishing village new deal project by conducting a survey of tourists who have visited the three villages selected for the fishing village new deal project.This is a project planned for the development of fishing villages and fishing ports targeting 300 fishing villages nationwide, and plays a very important role in revitalizing underdeveloped fishing villages. In addition, it is very important to review the direction of the fishing village recreation village, where tourists want to visit again, as facilities and programs created by the fishing village new deal project must be well linked. Looking at the results of the study, first, natural rest activities, marine product experience activities, family friendship activities, and fishing village experience activities have a positive (+) influence on the influence relationship between the type of fishing village experience tourism and overall satisfaction. Second, in the influence relationship between the type of fishing village experience tourism preference and the intention to revisit, natural rest activities, marine product experience activities, and marine sports activities have a positive (+) influence. Third, the relationship between overall satisfaction and revisit intention has a positive (+) influence

20세기 마을어장의 변동과 전통적 어업공동체 `똠`의 지속-흑산군도를 중심으로-

송기태 ( Song Ki-tae ) 남도민속학회 2016 남도민속연구 Vol.33 No.-

본고에서는 흑산군도의 전통적 어업공동체 `똠`을 주목하여 그 현황과 운영형태를 파악하고, 20세기 마을어장의 변동 속에서 적응해 온 과정과 현재의 위상에 대해 논의하였다. 먼저 흑산군도의 마을마다 존재하는 해조류 공동채취조직 `똠`의 전반적 현황에 대해 파악했다. 똠은 마을마다 2~4개 정도가 있어서 마을어장의 일정 구간을 구분하여 똠 단위로 해조류를 채취하고 있다. 과거에는 대부분의 해조류를 공동채취 하였으나 현재는 미역만 공동채취하거나 추가로 톳·김 정도만 공동채취 하는 곳이 많다. 각 똠마다 금장이 있어 수시로 어장을 관리하고 채취 시기가 되면 작업날짜와 방법을 지시한다. 해조류 채취를 하는 날이면 각 가정마다 1~2명씩 참여하여 똠이 관할하는 갱번에서 해조류를 채취하고, 전체 채취량을 동일하게 분배한다. 똠의 역사성에 대해서는 구체적으로 알 수 없지만, 최소한 20세기 이전부터 마을어장의 전통적 어업공동체로서 존재해왔던 것으로 추정된다. 마을어장은 20세기 초 근대어업제도가 성립되면서 변동에 처한다. 1908년의 한말 「어업법」과 1911년 일제강점기 하의 「어업령」은 마을어장에도 영향을 끼친다. 조선시대까지 사점과 총유가 공존하던 마을어장은 「어업령」의 전용어업제도 도입 이후 형식적으로나마 총유의 공간이 된다. 이때 전국의 어장을 면허와 허가, 신고, 계출 등으로 관리하면서 마을어장의 경계를 획정하기 시작했다. 마을을 넘나들며 해조류를 채취하던 주민들은 20세기 초 관의 주도하에 해안가 지선을 구획한다. 이와 관련하여 대둔도·다물도의 4동 경쟁이나 중죽도 분쟁, 홍도 이장들의 나룻배 경주는 20세기 초 해안가 지선 획정의 현장 사례로서 중요하다고 하겠다. 흥미로운 것은 마을 간의 경계를 획정하면서 `똠`의 경계도 세밀하게 구분한 점이다. 주민들의 구술과 당시의 정황을 고려할 때, 전통적 어업공동체로서 `똠`이 느슨한 공동체로 존재하다가 20세기 초 지선 경계가 획정되면서 좀 더 공고한 공동체로 변모한 것으로 추정된다. 마을어장은 1960년대 어촌계가 등장하면서 또 한 번의 큰 변동을 겪는다. 수산단체의 체계를 `수협중앙회-지구별수협-어촌계`로 관계로 일원화하기 위해 수협법을 제정하고, 그 과정에서 마을단위 어업공동체인 어촌계를 일제히 설립한다. 이때부터 어촌계는 마을어장의 공식적인 대표기구가 되어 마을의 어업 전반을 관할하기 시작한다. 50여년이 지난 지금 어촌계는 성공적으로 정착했다고 할 수 있는데, 어촌의 실제를 들여다보면 여전히 전통적 어업공동체가 존립하고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 흑산군도의 경우 21세기 현재, 마을회-어촌계-똠이 각자의 기능과 역할을 나누어서 마을어장을 관리·운영하고 있다. 똠이 존속할 수 있었던 것은 오랜 기간 해조류 공동채취를 관할하면서 효율성을 구축했고, 똠이 마을공동체와 불가분의 관계로 묶여있기 때문이다. 그래서 흑산군도에서는 마을회에서 어업 전반을 총괄하고 똠은 해조류 채취를 담당하며, 어촌계는 공유수면에서 개인의 투자가 필요한 양식어장 등을 담당하면서 공존하고 있음을 파악할 수 있었다. The study is to figure out the operation and status of a traditional fisheries community in Heuksan archipelago “Ddom”; and this study is also designed to discuss the process that the traditional fisheries community is adapted to the changed fishing ground in the 20^th century. There has been a traditional fisheries community, called “Ddom”, in Sinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. Ddom is a community to share the jobs from looking after wild seaweeds to harvesting and distributing them. Each village has two or four Ddoms which enables the people to divide fishing grounds into several sections and allocate each Ddom a section to harvest seaweeds. And each Ddom has a manager; they are responsible for maintaining the fishing ground and informing the members of Ddom of the schedule for the harvest and distribution as well as the method. When it is time to harvest seaweeds, one or two memebers from each household participate in the community work-to harvest seaweeds in the Ddom, and then the total amount of seaweeds is equally distributed to each household. The beginning of Ddom is unknown; however, it is estimated that it has existed as a traditional fisheries community before the 20^th century. The villages` fishing grounds started to be changed due to the establishment of the fishery management system in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century. < the Fishery Law > in the end of Joseon Dynasty in 1908 and < the Fishery Act > under the control of Japan in 1911 had an impact on the fishing grounds in villages. From that time, fishing grounds all over the country started to be appointed as a chartered fishery, permitted fishery, or free fishery; and this determines the boundary of the fishing ground of each village. As the residents harvesting the seaweeds regardless of the villages divided the coastal zones of each village under the supervision of the government in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century. In the process, the coast in Heuksan archipelago was also divided into the coastal zones, and the current coastal zones were defined through the course of dispute and agreement. For instance, the heads of the two villages adjacent to Hongdo Island drove the boats and defined the point in which they met as the local coastal zone; and the local coastal zones of Daedundo Island, Damuldo Island were decided by the representatives and local government officials of villages. The interesting aspect of this process is that the boundary of Ddoms was classified in detail as the local zones were determined. Considering the oral statement given by the residents and the circumstance at that time, it is assumed that the traditional fisheries community, “Ddom” had been a relatively flexible community before the local coastal zones were determined in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century. The systems of villages` fishing grounds were subject to a massive change due to the advent of fishing village societies in 1960s. In order to unify the marine products associations as “National Federation of Fisheries Corperatives”, “National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives”, and “Fishing Village Societies”, the Fisheries Cooperative Act was established in 1962. In the course of establishing the act, the fishing societies, the villages` fisheries communities were also founded. Since then, fishing societies started acting as official organs to operate villages` fishing grounds and supervising the fishing industry. In addition, it can be said that the current fishing societies are successfully settled 50 years after the establishment; Yet, there are still traditional fisheries communities in the fishing villages. When it comes to Heuksan archipelago , the village fishing grounds are currently supervised and maintained by the village hall, fishing societies, Ddoms, and the each organ has their own function and responsibility. What sustains Ddoms is that the communities function effectively by sharing the jobs to harvest seaweeds for a long time and are indivisible with the village communities. The village hall and fishing society collaborate each other in Heuksan archipelago; the village hall is in chare of supervising the fishing business and harvesting seaweeds, and the fishing society takes a role in managing fish farms belonging to public waters and requiring the private investment.

관광 콘텐츠로서 어촌의 문화자원 연구

김준(Joon Kim) 목포대학교 도서문화연구소 2006 島嶼文化 Vol.28 No.-

이 글은 어촌의 다양한 생활문화자원을 관광자원의 측면에서 살펴보고 관광어촌의 방향성을 모색하고자 했다. 최근 어촌은 어업자원의 고갈과 어촌인구의 노령화로 인해 어업활동이 어려워지고 있다. 이러한 문제를 극복하고 어촌지역 활성화를 꾀하기 위해 정책적으로 어촌관광을 선택하고 있다. 특히 전남지역은 다른 어느 지역보다 풍부한 가치 있는 관광자원을 갖추고 있다. 그 동안 외면해왔던 지역의 생태 • 문화 • 역사의 가치를 높일 수 있는 자원들을 발굴해야 한다.<br/> 이러한 자원은 지역관광의 품격을 높일 수 있는 매우 소중한 자원들이다. 대상화된 이들 자원들이 제 기능을 하기 위해서는 주민이 관광개발의 주체가 되어야만 가능하다. 즉, 대규모 시설 관광을 위해 외국자본 유치에만 급급해 할 것이 아니라, 지역주민과 지역공동체 중심의 다양한 소규모의 개발이 필요하고,지역주민에게 직접 참여할 수 있는 관광개발 방법을 찾아내야 한다는 것이다. 관광객이 지역 주민들과 어우러지는 문화 체험을 하게하고, 그 안에서 운영하는 숙소와 먹거리, 기념품, 지역 특산물을 제공받아 관광객이 감동하는 소프트웨어적인 관광상품이 개발되어야 한다.<br/> 어촌관광은 도시민들이 연안과 도서지역의 어촌에 머물며 어민들의 일상생활을 체험하고 해양문화를 이해하며 여가를 즐기는 것을 말한다. 해양문화를 자원으로 하는 어촌관광은 육지에서 생활하는 도시민들에게 매우 독특하고 이국적인 정취를 준다. 이미 일반화되고 있는 농촌의 녹색관광(green tourism)은 물론 푸른 바다와 해안이 있어 청색관광(blue tourism)까지 겸한 것이 어촌관광의 장점이다. 특히 우리의 섬과 바다는 단순한 볼거리의 차원을 넘어 어민들의 생업공간이라는 점이 매우 큰 의미를 갖는다. 문화는 인간과 자연이 어우러졌을 때 비로소 의미를 갖는다. 바다와 섬 그리고 갯벌이 지금껏 지속될 수 있었던 것은 어민들의 생활의 지혜가 자연에서 비롯되었기 때문이다.<br/> 가치 있는 어촌관광이 지속가능하기 위해서는 섬과 바다 그리고 갯벌 등이 어촌환경적, 사회문화적, 경제적으로 지속 가능해야 한다. 육지를 중심으로 한 대중관광이 한계에 이르면서 최근 섬과 바다를 자원으로 하는 해양문화에 관심이 높아 지고 있다. 어촌(민)은 도시(민들)에(게) 각종 체험, 생태관광, 다양한 욕구 충족, 믿을 수 있는 수산물 구입, 도시민들의 스트레스 해소 등을 제공한다. 그러나 이들이 지속성을 갖기 위해서는 어촌에 대한 자긍심, 자원의 다양한 활용을 통한 부가가치 창출, 자원보전의식 등이 제고되어야 한다. 도시민들의 ‘여가욕구’와 어촌주민들의 ‘소득창출욕구’를 ‘가고 싶은 어촌’과 ‘살고 싶은 어촌’으로 전환하는 것이 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 ‘어촌문화’를 바탕으로 도시와 어촌의 인적,경제적 교류와 유대가 형성되어야 할 것이다. 어촌관광을 주민들이 주체적으로 참여하기 위해서는 도시민과 어촌을 연결하는 교류센터가 필요하다. 도시민들은 물론 어민들에게도 정보제공, 어촌관광 기획, 안내자 교육 및 인력 양성을 하기 위한 기구가 만들어져야 한다. 이 교류센터에는 반드시 지역연구자, 문화기획자, 마을추진주체, 지자체 등으로 구성된 어촌관광 컨설팅을 위한 지원시스템이 마련되어야 할 것이다. 그리고 어촌관광 관련 정보 교류, 비영리단체 등 민간단체의 어촌관광에 참여, 해양문화와 역사 등 다면적 관점에서 접근, 고향정보 도시민에게 제공, 친환경적 자연 순환형 에너지 사용, 어촌체험을 교육적 차원에서 접근하여 어촌관광을 통한 지역 소득과 연계해야 할 것이다.<br/> This text observed various live cultural resources of a fishing village from the perspective of tour resources and tried to determine the direction of a fishing village tour. Recently fishing villages have had difficulties with fishing activities, because of the exhaustion of fishing industry resources and the ageing of fishing village residents. To overcome these problems and to plan the activation of fishing village regions, a policy of fishing village tours has been adopted.<br/> Especially, the Chonam region has prepared an abundance of tour resources above all the other regions. These days we should excavate aspects that can increase the value of a region’s ecology, culture and history which we previously overlooked. These resources are very precious and can improve the dignity of regional tours.<br/> In order to perform their function, residents have to be the subject of tour development. Thus, in favour of a large scale facility tour, instead of being busy at just attracting foreign funds, we need small scale development with regional residents and the local community as the central themes. Also we need to find out the way of developing tours which encourage the participation of regional residents themselves. Providing opportunities for tourists to have a cultural experience in conjunction with local residents. Management of tours should offer hotels, food, memorials, specific local<br/> products in order to impress toursis. Software tour merchandise should be developed as well.<br/> Fishing Village Tour means that urban people experience daily life of fishermen while staying at the coast or islands, and gaining an understanding of ocean culture and enjoying leisure. Fishing tours which are based on ocean culture resources provides urban people, who live inland, with very peculiar experiences and an atmosphere similar to that of a foreign country. A strong point of fishing tours undoubtedly is the ’green tourism' which is already generalized and combined with ’blue tourism’ which refers to the blue ocean and seashore. Especially our islands and coasts are superior for sightseeing, having a significant meaning as the fishermen’s domain.<br/> Culture originally refers to human beings and nature harmonizing together. The reason why sea, island and tidelands are maintained by this time is because of the wisdom of fishermen’s life which originates in nature.<br/> To sustain valuable fishing village tour, island, sea, and foreshore should be sustainable ecologically, socioculturally, economically. With the saturation of land-based tour, recently the concern for naval culture with the resource of island and sea is getting attention. Fishing village can supply various experiences, natural habitat tour, fulfillment of various needs, purchasing reliable fisheries, stress relieving of urban people. However, to attain sustainability of these, self esteem on fishing village, value creation through utilizing various resources, and the mind for nature conservation should be improved. ’Will for recreation’ of urban and ’need for income creation’ by fishery villager should be transformed to ‘willing to visit’ and ‘willing to live' on fishing village. To achieve this, based upon ‘fishery culture’, personal and economical exchange and tie between city and fishing village should be formed. For the active participation of villager in fishery, the communication center, which connects urban people to fishery, is required. The organization that conducts information distribution, planning of fishing village tour, education of tour guide, nurturing related personnel to urban inhabitants including fishery villager should be established. In this communication center, the supporting system, which consists of local community researcher, cultural planner, executive from village, local authority, is prepared. In addition, through exchange of related information about fishing village tour, participation of non-commercial and private<br/> organization