한우에서 성장에 따른 간장 및 십이지장의 초음파상

김명철,변홍섭,신상태,황광남,박명호,이경광,한용만,박경수 한국임상수의학회 1997 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.14 No.1

This study was performed to make fundamental data of ultrasonographic diagnosis for liver and duodenum disease in native Korean cattle. Ultrasonographic appearance of liver, caudal vena cava, portal vein, gall bladdr and duodenum according to the growth were determined from 6 to 13 months by monthly examinations in 9 native Korean cattle. The caudal vena cava was determined at 11th intercostal space by use of ultrasonography. The portal vein and gallbladder were determined at 10th intercostal space by use oof ultrasonography. The liver were determined at 12, 11 and 10 th intercostal space by use of ultrasonography. The liver, caudal vena cava, portal cein, gallbladder and duodenum were examinde in standing position. Ultrasonograms were obtainde with 3.5 or 5.0-MHz convex and 5.0-MHz sector transducer. The diameter of vena cava at the 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 months old age were 18.4, 20.6, 22.4, 25.1, 26.9, 27.3, 28.5 and 29.4 mm, respectively. The diameter of portal vein at the 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 months old age were 19.5, 20.6, 22.3, 24.5, 26.9, 28.1, 30.7 and 31.5 mm, respectively. The diameter of gall bladder at the 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 months old age were 63.2, 72.2, 75.1, 78.6, 80.5, 82.3, 84.4 and 91.1 mm, respectively. Cranial part of duodenum was identified near gall bladder by moving of hyperechoic ingesta. Descending duodenum paralleled with vertebrae is seen in the right upper flank and was adjacent to the abdominal wall, and was enveloped in the hyperechoic greater omentum, differentiating it from the jejunum and ileum. The diameter of cranial duodenum at the 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 months old age were 23.3, 27.9, 29.9, 32.2, 34.4, 34.5, 35.1 and 36.5 mm, respectively. The diameter of descending duodenum revealed smaller diameter than that of cranial duodenum. Calculi in gallbladder were observed by ultrasonography.

Zearalenone regulates key factors of the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology-associated protein 1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway in duodenum of post-weaning gilts

Cheng, Qun,Jiang, Shu zhen,Huang, Li bo,Yang, Wei ren,Yang, Zai bin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.8

Objective: This study explored the mechanism of the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway under conditions of zearalenone (ZEA)-induced oxidative stress in the duodenum of post-weaning gilts. Methods: Forty post-weaning gilts were randomly allocated to four groups and fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg/kg ZEA. Results: The results showed significant reductions in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and increases the malondialdehyde content with increasing concentrations of dietary ZEA. Immunohistochemical analysis supported these findings by showing a significantly increased expression of Nrf2 and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) with increasing concentrations of ZEA. The relative mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GPX1 increased linearly (p<0.05) and quadratically (p<0.05), which was consistent with the immunohistochemical results. The relative mRNA expression of Keap1 decreased linearly (p<0.05) and quadratically (p<0.05) in the duodenum as the ZEA concentration increased in the diet. The relative mRNA expression of modifier subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLM) increased quadratically (p<0.05) in all ZEA treatment groups and the relative mRNA expression of quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase decreased linearly (p<0.05) and quadratically (p<0.05) in the ZEA1.0 group and ZEA1.5 group. The relative protein expression of Keap1 and GCLM decreased quadratically (p<0.05) in the duodenum as the ZEA concentration increased in the diet, respectively. The relative protein expression of NQO1 increased linearly (p<0.05) and quadratically (p<0.05) in all ZEA treatment groups in the duodenum. Conclusion: These findings suggest that ZEA regulates the expression of key factors of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in the duodenum, which enables resistance to ZEA-induced oxidative stress. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of ZEA induced oxidative stress on other tissues and organs in post-weaning gilts.

Transcriptional and translational expression of calbindin-D9k in the duodenum, kidney and uterus of a female canine model

Ji-Young Sim,정의만,유영민,최경철,정의배 대한수의학회 2010 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.11 No.1

Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) is a cytosolic calcium-binding protein expressed in tissues in the intestine, uterus, placenta, kidney, pituitary gland and bone. Its exact function is unknown, but it is considered to regulate intracytoplasmic concentration and transport of free ions (Ca2+). CaBP-9k protein is involved in intestinal calcium absorption in the intestine and in the regulation of myometrial activity by intracellular calcium in the uterus. Renal CaBP-9k protein is expressed at the site of calcium re-absorption in the kidney and expressed in distal convoluted tubules, where it is thought to facilitate calcium re-absorption. Expression of the CaBP-9k gene has been explored in most mammalians except in a canine model. Presently, we elucidated the expression of CaBP-9k mRNA and protein in the duodenum, kidney and uterus in a canine model involving two adult (2.5-year-old) female beagles. To collect tissues, the dogs were euthanized and then the abdominal cavity was exposed by midline incision. The proximal duodenum, cortex of kidney and uterine horn were collected. Expression of CaBP-9k mRNA was confirmed by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. CaBP-9k protein expression and localization were ascertained by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, respectively. CaBP-9k mRNA was detected in the duodenum, but not in the kidney and uterus. Its protein was expressed only in the enterocytes of the duodenum. Taken together, the results indicate that CaBP-9k mRNA and protein are highly expressed in the enterocytes of the duodenum of a canine model, consistent with findings in other mammalian species.

The Differences between Luminal Microbiota and Mucosal Microbiota in Mice

Minna Wu,Puze Li,Jianmin Li,Yunying An,Mingyong Wang,Genshen Zhong 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.2

The differences between luminal microbiota (LM) and mucosal microbiota (MAM) were little known, especially in duodenum. In this study, LM and MAM in colon and duodenum of mice were investigated through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The lowest bacterial diversity and evenness were observed in duodenal LM (D_LM), followed by duodenal MAM (D_MAM). Meanwhile, the bacterial diversity and evenness were obviously increased in D_MAM than these in D_LM, while no significant difference was observed between colonic MAM (C_MAM) and colonic LM (C_LM). PCoA analysis also showed that bacterial communities of LM and MAM in duodenum were completely separated, while these in colon overlapped partly. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) in D_MAM was significantly higher than that in D_LM. Lactobacillus was largely enriched and was the characteristic bacteria in D_LM. The characteristic bacteria in D_MAM were Turicibacter, Parasutterella, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium, while in C_LM they were Ruminiclostridium_6, Ruminiclostridium_9, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_007 and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_010, and in C_MAM they were Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136, Mucispirillum, Alistipes, Ruminiclostridium and Odoribacter. The networks showed that more interactions existed in colonic microbiota (24 nodes and 74 edges) than in duodenal microbiota (17 nodes and 29 edges). The 16S rDNA function prediction results indicated that bigger differences of function exist between LM and MAM in duodenum than these in colon. In conclusion, microbiota from intestinal luminal content and mucosa were different both in colon and in duodenum, and bacteria in colon interacted with each other much more closely than those in duodenum.

십이지장에 발생한 고분화 편평세포암종 1예

최원석 ( Won Seok Choi ),박준오 ( Joon Oh Park ),정해원 ( Hae Won Jeong ),장태훈 ( Tae Hoon Jang ),윤원경 ( Won Kyoung Yun ),이지인 ( Ji In Lee ),박영석 ( Young Suk Park ) 대한내과학회 2008 대한내과학회지 Vol.75 No.3

Squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum is an extremely rare neoplasm worldwide. A 44-year-old female patient was admitted to our institution for abdominal pain, and she was diagnosed with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum. The duodenal cancer was inoperable due to vascular invasion and regional lymph node metastasis. The patient was treated with palliative chemotherapy, but her disease progressed, and she was eventually referred to a local hospital for supportive care. The prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum is poor compared with that of usual duodenal adenocarcinoma. We report the details of this case of squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum along with a review of the literature. (Korean J Med 75:349-353, 2008)

다량의 출혈을 유발한 횡행십이지장의 거대게실내 혈관이형성증 : 1예 보고

최필엽 대한영상의학회 1998 대한영상의학회지 Vol.39 No.6

십이지장게실은 상부위장관조영술 시행시 2~5%에서 우연희 발견되는 질환이다. 대부분 vater 팽대부 2.5cm이내의 십이지장 두 번째 부위의 내측에서 발생하며 증상을 일으키지 않는다. 그러나 드물게 게실염, 출혈, 파열, 누루형성 등과 같은 합병증을 야기시킬수 있고 십이지장의 세 번째와 네 번째 부위에서도 발생한다. 저자들은 80세 여자 환자에서 다량의 위장관출혈을 일으킨 횡행십이지장의 거대게실 증례를 경험하였기에 상부위장관조영술과 혈관조영술소견을 보고한다. The incidence of duodenal diverticulum found incidentally during upper gastrointestinal roentgenographicexamination varies between 2% and 5%. The majority of cases occur along the medial aspect of the second portion ofthe duodenum, within 2.5cm of the ampulla of Vater. The majority of duodenal diverticula are asymptomatic, but insome cases, complications such as diverticulitis, hemorrhage, perforation, and fistula formation occur in thethird and fourth portions of the duodenum. We describe a case of giant diverticulum of the transverse duodenum,revealed by UGI and angiography, massive gastrointestinal bleeding in a 80-year-old patient.

출생후 성숙에 따라 나타나는 흰쥐 십이지장 및 공장 점막의 alkaline phosphatase 활성에 대한 연구

백두진 한양대학교 의과대학 1994 한양의대 학술지 Vol.14 No.2

The alkaline phosphatase, which is the hydrolytic enzyme of the phosphate salt in alkaline solution, acts on differentiation and maturation of cells and tissues, absorption and metabolism of nucleic acid and proteins. The author has investigated the change in the activity of alkaline phosphatase of the duodenal and jejunal mucosa of the rats according to biochemical and physiological maturation during early postnatal life. The experimental animals, which were obtained from litters deliveried, normally and randomly sampled adults, were sacrificed at the 1st, 5th, 10th, 20th, and 30th day after birth. The specimens of duodenum and jejunum were fixed in 10%-neutral formalin at 4℃ and sectioned 10㎛ thickness in cryostat. The activity of the alkaline phosphatase was evaluated histochemically by Gomori's method and the incubation time of sliced specimens was 30 minutes. The results were as follows. 1. In the neonatal rats of the 1st day after birth, the activities of the alkaline phosphatase were moderately positive in the epithelium and lamina propria of villi and weakly positive in the intestinal glands and its surrounding lamina propria of the duodenal mucosa. ANd the activities of alkaline phosphatase in the mucosa of the jejunum were moderately positive in the epithelium of the villi and weakly positive in the intestinal glands and lamina propria. 2. In the neonatal rats of the 5th day after birth, the activities of the alkaline phosphatase were moderately positive in the epithelium of apical and middle portion of villi. traceablely positive in the epithelium of basal portion and lamina propria of the mucosa of the duodenum. And the activities of alkaline phosphatase were moderately positive in the epithelium of apical and basal portion of the villi and weakly positive in the epithelium of middle portion of the villi. the intestinal glands and lamina propria of the jejumum. 3. In the neonatal rats of the 10th day after birth, the activities of alkline phosphatase were moderately or strong positive in the epithelium of the villi and weakly positive in the epithelium of the villi and weakly positive in the intestinal gland and lamina propria of jejunal mucosa. 4. In the rats of the 20th day after birth, the activities of alkaline phosphatase were strong or moderately positive in the epithelium of the villi, moderately positive in lamina propria of the core of the villi and the weakly positive in the intestinal glands and its surrunding lamina propria of duodenum. And the activities of alkaline phosphatase in the mucosa of the jejunum were strong positive in the epithelium of basal portion of the villi, intestinal gland and lamina propria of the villi and weakly positive in the lamina propria surrounding intestinal glands. 5. In the rats of the 30th day after birth, the activities of alkaline phosphatase were moderately or strong positive in the epithelium of the villi, modereate positive in the lamina propria of the villi and weakly positive in the intestinal glands and its surrounding lamina propria of the duodenal mucosa. And the activity of alkaline phosphatase was strong positive in the epithelium of apical portion of villi of the mucosa of the jejunum. Activity was decreased gradually and in the epithelium of basal portion of the villi activity was weakly positive. The activities were moderately positive in the intestinal glands and weakly positive in surrounding lamina propria of the glands and weakly positive in surrounding lamina propria of the glands of the jejunal mucosa. 6. In the rats of the adulthood, the activities of the alkaline phosphatase were strong positive in the epithelium of the villi and weakly positive in the intestinal glands and lamina propria of the duodenum. And the activities of alkaline phosphatase were moderately positive in the epithelium of the villi and weakly positive in the intestinal glands and lamina propria of the mucosa of the jejunum. Consequently, it is suggested that the activities of the alkaline phosphatase in the mucosa of duodenum and jejunum were increased by differentiation, growth, maturation and the changes of diet during early postnatal life, of the rats.

점막하 혈관 종양으로 오인된 십이지장 위장관 기질종양 1예

양정경,김용석,구훈섭,김광일,김선문,임의혁,허규찬,이상억 대한소화기내시경학회 2010 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.41 No.1

위장관 기질종양은 위장관에서 가장 흔하게 관찰되는 비 상피성 종양으로 위장관 종양의 1%를 차지하며 십이지장에서 4.5%가량 나타나고 십이지장 중에서는 제2부에서 가장 흔한 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 흑색변을 주소로 내원하여 상부위장관 내시경과 대장내시경검사로 원인을 찾지 못하여 대장내시경 기기를 이용한 구강접근으로 십이지장 제3부의 출혈 병변을 찾고 내시경과 혈관 조영 3차원 입체 복부 전산화단층촬영에서 점막하 혈관 종양 혹은 후복강 혈관종양을 의심하였지만 수술 후 십이지장 제3부의 위장관 기질종양으로 확진된 증례를 경험하였기에 보고한다. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. They are preferentially located in the stomach and small intestine. However, the duodenum is an unusual location for GIST. Here we present a case of a 67-year-old woman with a GIST of the 3rd portion of duodenum mimicking vascular neoplasm as an obscure acute gastrointestinal bleeding. The upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy failed to find the lesion. Finally, a large protruded lesion with ulcer was found at the 3rd portion of duodenum using a colonoscope through the oral approach. A spurting bleeding was developed during hypertonic saline epinephrine injection for treatment of oozing bleeding at the margin of the ulcer. Abdominal 3D CT-angiography showed a round and hypervascular structure at the posterior wall of duodenum. A wedge resection of the third portion of the duodenum was performed. Microscopic findings revealed GIST.

위, 십이지장에서 발생된 동시성 이중암

이종률(Jong Riul Lee),고병성(Beong Seong Ko),신향미(Hyang Mi Shin) 대한외과학회 2008 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.74 No.4

The concern about multiple primary cancers has been raised in recent years, but their cause has yet to be elucidated clearly. It has been speculated that many factors may contribute, such as family history, genetic factors, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.(1) The incidence of multiple primary cancers is estimated to be 13%. However, synchronous multiple primary cancers of the stomach and duodenum are uncommon due to the rarity of duodenal cancer. Duodenal cancer poses diagnostic difficulties because of its rarity, nonspecific signs and symptoms, and the fact that duodenum is usually ignored during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. This 71-year-old female patient was diagnosed with double primary cancer of the stomach and duodenum, which was found by abdominal computed tomography preoperatively, and she underwent a Whipple procedure. The histological diagnosis revealed poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma in the stomach and moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma in the duodenum. Here we report a case of synchronous double primary cancer of the stomach and duodenum with a review of the literature.

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel pH-Sensitive Coated Microsphere for Duodenum-Specific Drug Delivery

Dan Zhou,Yuan Huang,Xi Zhu,Yang Wang,Yun Jin,Xuefan Xu,Tingting Fan,Yan Liu,Zhirong Zhang 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.5

The aim of this study is to develop a duodenum-specific drug delivery system on the basis of a pH-sensitive coating and a mucoadhesive inner core for eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in the ulcer duodenum. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate maleate (HPMCAM) was used as the pH-sensitive material, which dissolves around pH 3.0. The mucoadhesive microspheres loaded with furazolidone (FZD-ad-MS) were prepared by the emulsification-solvent evaporation method using Carbopol 971NP as the mucoadhesive polymer. The prepared pH-sensitive coated mucoadhesive microspheres (AM-coated-MS) were characterized in regards to particle size, drug loading efficiency, morphological change, drug stability, drug release and in vitro anti-H. pylori activity. The particle size was 160.97 ± 47.24 μm and 336.44 ± 129.34 μm, and the drug content was 42.33 ± 3.43% and 10.96 ± 1.29% for FZD-ad-MS and AM-coated-MS, respectively. The morphological changes in different pH media were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). HPMCAM coating improved the stability of the FZD-ad-MS and these particles were expected to remain intact until their arrival in the duodenum. The drug release was extremely suppressed at pH 1.2 for AM-coated-MS, but increased at pH 4.0 after regeneration of FZD-ad-MS. In addition, FZD-ad-MS exhibited excellent anti-H. pylori activity in vitro. Thus, the HPMCAM-coated microspheres developed in this study hold great promise for use as a duodenum-specific drug delivery system for H. pylori clearance.