이중진단을 가진 알코올 의존 환자들의 임상적 특성(II)

성상경(Sang-Kyung Sung):문석우(Seok-Woo Moon):강지언(Gi-Eun Kang),이규항(Kyu-Hang Lee) 한국중독정신의학회 2001 중독정신의학 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives:Abuse of alcohol or drugs can induce, or can result from psychiatric disorders. Any substance of habituation has psychotoxicity and can induce psychiatric symptoms. These symptoms usually disappear after the effect of the substance terminates, but the symptoms can be continued permanently. It is well known that depression, anxiety disorder, and personality disorder very often come together with the alcohol dependence. Therefore, we have selected groups having extra-psychopathology from alcohol dependence patients, and compared their clinical characteristics with patients of alcohol dependence only, to use the characteristics in the therapy. Methods:Among patients hospitalized in a mental hospital from Feb.-June of 1999 for the problem of alcohol dependence, patients diagnosed as alcohol abuse/dependence and dual diagnosis by DSM-Ⅳ were evaluated by the methods of chart review, the questionnaire of demographic characteristics, drinking history, past therapy history, family history, NAST and CAGE. Results:1)Among 179 patients diagnosed to be alcohol dependent during the period, 59 patients (33%) were dually diagnosed and their average age was 42.5±8.5, and 120 patients (67%) were diagnosed to be alcohol dependence only and their average age was 45.6±9.6. In the case of dual diagnosis, the average age diagnosed as alcohol dependence was earlier. The men/women ratio was 169 men:10 women (94.4%:5.5%). Age of first drinking was 20.3 in dually diagnosed patients and 21.2 in alcohol dependence only patients. Therefore, they started drinking in early 20s in both cases. 2) There were notable differences between them in drinking amount, self- recognition of dependence, the number of suicide attempts. 3) There were no statistical significances between them in age of first drinking, drinking period, age of withdrawal symptom experience, preference of alcohol beverage, therapy history, and demographic characteristics except age and gender Though there was no statistical significance in NAST score and the total number of questions of NAST and CAGE, the score and the total number in dual diagnosis were higher than the alcohol dependence only. This result indicates that the dually diagnosed patients recognize symptoms more seriously, and they are high risk group. Conclusions:The dually diagnosed patients among alcohol dependent patients showed higher level of self-recognition, higher score of NAST and CAGE, more number of therapy (recurrence), earlier onset age of alcohol dependence, less average drinking amount, and more suicide attempts. It is therefore believed that the dually diagnosed patients are higher risk group compared to the patients of alcohol dependence only, and it is required to do intensive evaluation and carefully designed therapy.

알코올 의존에 따른 니코틴 의존과 수면의 질

김현숙(Hyun-Sook Kim),김정우(Jung Woo Kim),남기혁(Gi Hyeok Nam),민성호(Seongho Min),고상백(Sang-Baek Koh),김태희(Tae Hui Kim) 대한사회정신의학회 2018 사회정신의학 Vol.23 No.2

연구목적 : 비흡연자에 비해 흡연자에서 주관적 수면의 질은 저하되어 있다. 니코틴 의존과 수면 질 사이의 상관성에 대한 연구는 제한적이며, 특히 알코올 의존에 따라 비교된 연구도 거의 없다. 이 연구의 목적은 1) 니코틴 의존 특성, 2) 니코틴 의존과 수면의 질 사이의 연관성, 3) 알코올 의존에 따른 니코틴 의존과 수면 질 사이의 연관성을 살펴보고자 한다. 방 법 : 한 지역의 집중 금연 캠프 프로그램에 참여한 193명의 남성 흡연자를 대상으로 하였다. 니코틴 의존의 정도는 Korean Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (이하 NDSS) 로 측정하였으며, NDSS는 ‘추동(Drive)’, ‘우선순위(Priority)’, ‘연속성(Continuity)’, ‘내성(Tolerance)’, ‘정형성(Stereotype)’의 5개 하위 척도로 구성되어 있다. 수면의 질은 Korean version Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(이하 PSQI)로 측정하였다. Korean version of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test(이하 AUDIT)를 통해 정상 음주군과 알코올 의존군으로 나누어 비교하였다. 니코틴 의존과 수면 질 사이의 연관성은 상관 분석을 하였으며, 연령, 체질량지수, 신체 질환, 알코올 의존, 스트레스를 보정하여 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 : 정상 음주군(108명)과 알코올 의존군(85명)의 평균 연령은 58.66±10.29세, 53.45±10.22세였다(p=0.0006). 알코올 의존군은 수면 잠복기가 더 길었으며(1.40±0.87 vs 1.71±0.91, p=0.018), 더 자주 수면 약물을 사용하였다(0.40±0.91 vs 0.13±0.53, p=0.011). 전체 대상자에서 NDSS와 PSQI 사이 유의한 상관성을 보였다(r=0.229, p=0.001). NDSS 하위척도 중 ‘추동’(r=0.185, p=0.01), ‘우선 순위’(r=0.196, p=0.0006), ‘연속성’(r=0.16, p=0.026), ‘내성’(r=0.203, p=0.005) 이 PSQI와 유의한 상관성을 보였다. 그러나 알코올 의존군에서는 NDSS 총점, NDSS 하위 척도와 PSQI 사이 상관성을 보이지 않았다. 로지스틱 회귀 분석시, 전체 대상자와 정상 음주군에서 NDSS 총점과 ‘우선순위’와 ‘내성’ 하위 척도는 PSQI에 영향을 미쳤다. 결 론 : 정상 음주군과 알코올 의존군의 흡연자들에서 수면의 질 저하를 관찰할 수 있었지만, 니코틴 의존과 수면 질 저하의 관련성은 정상 음주군에서만 관찰할 수 있었다. 특히 정상 음주군에서는, 니코틴 의존의 치료 또는 금연이 주관적 수면의 질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다. Objectives : Subjective quality of sleep is impaired in smokers compared with non-smokers, but the association between nicotine dependence (ND) and sleep quality (SQ) has not been well-characterized, especially according to alcohol dependence. The objective of this study was to describe 1) the nicotine dependence characteristics, 2) the associations between ND and SQ and 3) the associations between ND and SQ according to alcohol dependence. Methods : We recruited 193 male smokers who had participated in one area’s intensive smoking cessation program. The severity of nicotine dependence was measured with Korean Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS), which collects data on five subscales including : 1) drive ; 2) priority ; 3) continuity ; 4) tolerance ; and 5) stereotype. To evaluate subjective sleep quality in smokers, Korean version Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used. We divided the group of smokers into the Non-alcohol dependence (NAD) group and the Alcohol dependence (AD) group by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Associations between ND and SQ were examined in correlation analysis and logistic regression analyses controlling for age, BMI, clinical illness, alcohol dependence, and perceived stress. Results : The mean age of the NAD group (n=108) and the AD group (n=85) was 58.66±10.29 and 53.45±10.22 years (p=0.0006). The AD group had longer sleep latency (1.40±0.87 vs 1.71±0.91, p=0.018) and frequent use of sleep medicine (0.40±0.91 vs 0.13±0.53, p=0.011). The whole participants had significant correlation between the NDSS and the PSQI (r=0.229, p=0.001). Among the NDSS’s subscales, the drive (r=0.185, p=0.01), the priority (r=0.196, p=0.0006), the continuity(r=0.16, p=0.026), and the tolerance (r=0.203, p=0.005) was significantly correlated with the PSQI. However, the AD group had not significant correlation between the NDSS, NDSS’s subscales and the PSQI. Using the logistic regression analysis, the NDSS’s total score, the priority and the tolerance had significant effect on PSQI in the whole participants and the NAD group. Conclusion : Although both NAD and AD group smokers had poor sleep quality, nicotine dependence are associated with poor sleep quality in the NAD group. Treatment of nicotine dependence or quitting smoking may improve subjective sleep quality especially in non-alcohol dependence people.

Interdependence Modeling for the Major Stock Markets and the Stock Portfolio Risk Management

이호진 명지대학교(서울캠퍼스) 금융지식연구소 2020 금융지식연구 Vol.18 No.2

We employ a variety of dependence measures to test interdependence structure of the Korean and the US stock markets. We use daily returns on the KOSPI 200 and S&P 500. We measure a variety of dependence measures other than the linear correlation coefficient to characterize the copula function. The scale invariant dependence measure whose attribute can determine the form of the copula is a function of the ranks and is solely dependent upon the copula and not the marginal distributions of the data. Firstly, we calculate the quantile dependence which provides with the degree of asymmetric dependence in the extreme quantile by weighing the left tail to the right. Quantile dependence between the two variables is different from linear correlation or rank correlation whose values are scalars in the sense that it provides with varying degrees of asymmetric dependence from the center of the distribution to each extreme. Secondly, we compute the tail dependence which measures the synchronicity between extreme events and can be calculated as the population quantile dependence at the limit. Thirdly, we test for the existence of asymmetric and time-varying dependence. The time-varying conditional volatility of each series may induce time-varying conditional dependence. The test for time-varying dependence between the KOSPI 200 and S&P 500 standardized residuals is implemented. We then use the stationary bootstrap to construct the confidence intervals for the dependence measures. Lastly, we use the multi-stage GMM to estimate the constant parametric copula function and the time-varying copula function.

한국인 남성 알코올 의존증에서 나타난 도파민 D2 수용체의 대립유전자형 빈도

이종섭(Jong Sub Lee),오미희(Mee Hee Oh),이창훈(Chang Hoon Lee),송경순(Kyoung Soon Song),배종훈(Jong Hoon Bae),기선완(Sun Wan Ki),이홍식(Hong Shick Lee),유계준(Kae Joon You) 한국중독정신의학회 1997 중독정신의학 Vol.1 No.1

Dopamine D2 receptor(DRD2) gene is known to have a strong effect on susceptibility of alcohol dependence and to play an important role on appetite such as alcohol seeking behavior. It is known that alcohol induces excitatory effects on dopamine neurons and stimulates brain reward systems by which man craves euphorogenic reward effect of drug(such as alcohol). And it has been suggested that DRD2 has a direct role on alcohol seeking behavior. This study investigated polymorphic patterns of DRD2 gene of Korean male alcohol dependence by restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) and associations of Korean character traits with susceptibility on alcohol. Also, this study examined allelic association of DRD2 gene in various chara cteristics and alcohol-related of alcohol dependence. Subjects of this study consisted of 71 patients with alcohol dependence and 139 healthy male subjects without alcohol dependence for the study of allelic association of DRD2 gene in Korean male alcohol dependence. Allelic association of DRD2 gene between two groups was tested by chi-square test, and those in severity and family history of alcohol dependence, age onset of alcohol drinking, and duration of alcohol drinking history were tested by ANOVA and t-test. The results were as followings; 1) A1A1, A1A2, A2A2 genotype frequency of DRD2 gene in Korean male alcohol dependence were 19.7%, 29.6%, 50.7% and those of control group were 15.8%, 51.8%, 33.1%. There was statistically significant difference between two groups. 2) Ratios of Korean male alcohol dependence with and without A1 allele were 0.49, 0.51 respectively, and those of control groups were 0.67, 0.33 respectively. The difference between two groups were statistically significant. But the difference between two groups on ratio of presence of A2 allele was not statistically insignificant. 3) A1 and A2 allelic frequencies of Korean male alcohol dependence were 0.35 and 0.65 and those of control group were 0.42, 0.58 respectively. So there was no evidence of DRD2 A1 allelic association in Korean alcohol dependence. 4) According to Diagnostic Criteria of National Council on Alcoholism(NCA) on severity alcohol dependence, the genotype of the most severe alcohol dependence was A1A1. on the other hand, the less severe type was A1A2, and the least severe type was A2A2. And A1 and A2 allele frequency of severe alcohol dependence were 0.46 and 0.54 respectively and those of less severe alcohol dependence were 0.18 and 0.72 respectively. Therefore, there was allelic association of DRD2 gene in severity of Korean male alcohol dependence. 5) There were statistically significant differences among subgroups with A1A1, A1A2, A2A2 genotypes on scores of NCA in total patients with alcohol dependence and also significant differences between patients with alcohol dependence with and without A1 allele on scores of NCA. Therefore, there was statistically significant possibility in allelic association of DRD2 gene in NCA scores of patients with alcohol dependence. 6) There were no allelic associations of DRD2 gene in the variable characteristics(age, family history of alcohol dependence, onset age of alcohol drinking, and onset age of alcohol problems). 7) In comparing A1 allelic frequencies of DRD2 gene in this study with those in other studies on various populations, there were no differences statistically among Asians in controls and statistically significant differences, however, in other populations elsewhere. And there were also higher in A1 allelic frequencies in Korean and Japanese with alcohol dependence than the whites. In summarizing above results, there was no allelic association of DRD2 gene in Korean male alcohol dependence, but there was the possibility of A1 allelic association in severity of alcohol dependence. So this study implied that Korean alcohol dependence were influenced by extenal factor like severity of alcohol dependence rather than genetic factor. Therefore

원유가격과 주식가격 사이의 의존성 구조 분석

최기홍(Choi, Ki-Hong),윤성민(Yoon, Seong-Min) 한국산업경제학회 2021 산업경제연구 Vol.34 No.3

본 연구는 웨이블릿과 copula 방법을 이용하여 원유가격과 주식가격 사이의 시간척도별 의존성 구조를 분석하였다. 2003년 6월 2일부터 2020년 6월 30일까지 기간의 국제원유가격과 한국 주요 주가지수 일별자료를 이용하여 분석하여 얻은 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 원자료 분석한 결과를 살펴보면 Brent 유가 변화율과 KOSPI와 KOSDAQ 주가 변화율 간에는 양의 의존성이 존재하며, 대칭적 꼬리의존성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 유가가 하락하면 주가가 하락하고 유가가 상승하면 주가도 상승한다는 것을 의미한다. 그러나 이러한 의존성의 정도는 크지 않았다. 둘째, 웨이블릿 방법을 이용하여 분해된 자료를 분석한 결과를 보면, KOSPI 주가 변화율과 Brent 유가 변화율 사이에는 양의 의존성이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 단기에서 장기로 갈수록 두 변수 사이의 의존성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 꼬리의존성은 장기에는 비대칭적인 꼬리의존성을 가지지만 중기와 단기에는 대칭적인 꼬리의존성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, KOSDAQ 주가 변화율과 Brent 유가 변화율 사이에도 양의 의존성이 존재하지만, 장기보다 단기에서 의존성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 모든 주기에서 대칭적인 꼬리의존성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, KOSPI와 KOSDAQ에 대한 분석결과를 비교해보면 KOSPI가 KOSDAQ보다 유가와의 의존성과 꼬리의존성이 높으며, KOSPI는 단기보다 장기에 높은 의존성을 가지고, KOSDAQ은 장기보다 단기에 높은 의존성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. This study investigated the time-scale dependence structure between crude oil prices and stock prices by employing wavelet and copula methods. The analysis results on these dependence structure using daily data from 2 June 2003 to 30 June 2020 are summarized as follows. First, the results of analyzing the raw data show that positive dependence exists between the returns of Brent oil price and the KOSPI and KODAQ stock prices, and that the pairs of them have symmetric tail dependence. This result indicates that decrease in oil prices leads to decrease in stock prices, and increase in oil prices leads to increase in stock prices. However, the degree of this dependence is low. Second, the analysis results of the decomposed data using wavelet show that positive dependence exists in the relationship between the KOSPI returns and the Brent returns. And the dependence increases in the long-term compared to the short-term. It is also shown that tail dependence is asymmetric in the long-term, whereas symmetric in the mid- and short-term. Third, there exists a positive dependence between returns of the KOSDAQ stock price and the Brent oil price, and this dependence is stronger in the short-term than in the long-term. And the tail dependence is symmetric in all time-scales. Fourth, comparing the results of the KOSPI and the KOSDAQ, we find that the KOSPI is more dependent and tail-dependent on the oil price than the KOSDAQ. And the KOSPI is more dependent in the long-term than the short-term, and the KOSDAQ is more dependent on the oil price in the short-term than the long-term.

부모의 스마트폰 의존과 청소년의 스마트폰 의존의 관계 : 부정적 양육태도와 청소년 우울의 매개효과

조승희(Cho Seung Hui),조안나(Cho An Na) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2021 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.21 No.14

목적 본 연구는 부모의 스마트폰 의존과 청소년의 스마트폰 의존의 관계에서 부모의 부정적 양육 태도와 청소년 우울의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 방법 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원에서 조사한 한국 아동⋅청소년 패널 2018(KCYPS 2018)을 활용 하였다. 총 2,590명의 자료를 바탕으로 구조방정식을 활용한 측정모형검증을 진행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 결과 첫째, 부모의 스마트폰 의존과 청소년의 스마트폰 의존 사이에서 부모의 부정적 양육 태도가 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 부모의 스마트폰 의존은 부모의 부정적 양육 태도를 부추겨 청소년의 스마트폰 의존에 영향을 준다. 둘째, 부모의 스마트폰 의존과 청소년의 스마트폰 의존 관계에서 청소년 우울은 매개효과가 유의미하지 않았다. 청소년 우울은 청소년 스마트폰 의존을 높이지만, 부모의 스마트폰 의존이 청소년 우울함에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 부모의 스마트폰 의존과 청소년의 스마트폰 의존의 관계에서 부모의 부정적 양육 태도와 청소년 우울의 이중 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 따라서 부모가 스마트폰에 의존적일수록 자녀에게 부정적인 양육 태도를 가지게 되고, 이는 청소년 우울함에 영향을 미쳐 청소년의 스마트폰 의존을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 청소년 자녀를 둔 부모의 스마트폰 의존에 따른 부정적 양육 태도의 위험성을 논의하고 청소년의 올바른 스마트폰 사용에 대한 부모⋅자녀 교육방안을 제시하였다. Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the medium effects of parental negative parenting attitudes and adolescent depression in the relationship between parental smartphone dependence and adolescent smartphone dependence. Methods For this purpose, KCYPS 2018 was used by the Korea Youth Policy Institute. A total of 2,590 people were studied, and the results were as follows. Results First, it has been shown that parents negative parenting attitude is mediated between their parents dependence on smartphones and teenagers dependence on smartphones. In other words, parents dependence on smartphones encourages parents negative parenting, which affects teenagers dependence on smartphones. Second, adolescent depression had no significant medium effect in the relationship between parents dependence on smartphones and adolescents dependence on smartphones. Adolescent depression increases dependence on teenagers smartphones, but parents dependence on smartphones does not affect youth depression. Third, the double-mediated effects of parental negative parenting and adolescent depression were statistically significant in the relationship between parents smartphone dependence and adolescents smartphone dependence. Therefore, the more dependent parents are on smartphones, the more negative parenting attitude they have on their children, which affects adolescent depression and increases teenagers dependence on smartphones. Conclusions Based on these results, this study discusses the risks of negative parenting attitudes due to parents dependence on smartphones and suggests parents education measures for correct smartphone use by adolescents.

Determinants of Nicotine Dependence in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

( Yun Su Sim ),( Jin Hwa Lee ),( Ki Uk Kim ),( Seung Won Ra ),( Hye Yun Park ),( Chang-hoon Lee ),( Deog Kyeom Kim ),( Kyeong-cheol Shin ),( Sang Haak Lee ),( Hun Gyu Hwang ),( Joong Hyun Ahn ),( Yong 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.3

Background: Smoking cessation is the most powerful intervention to modify progress of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and nicotine dependence is one of the most important determinants of success or failure in smoking cessation. We evaluated nicotine dependence status and investigated factors associated with moderate to high nicotine dependence in patients with COPD. Methods: We included 53 current smokers with COPD in the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease II cohort enrolled between January 2014 and March 2016. Nicotine dependence was measured by using Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND). Cognitive function was assessed by Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results: The median FTND score was 3, and 32 patients (60%) had moderate to high nicotine dependence. The median smoking amount was 44 pack-years, which was not related to nicotine dependence. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that high education status (odds ratio, 1.286; 95% confidence interval, 1.036-1.596; p=0.023), age <70 (odds ratio, 6.407; 95% confidence interval, 1.376-29.830; p=0.018), and mild to moderate airflow obstruction (odds ratio, 6.969; 95% confidence interval, 1.388-34.998; p=0.018) were related to moderate to high nicotine dependence. Conclusion: Nicotine dependence does not correlate with smoking amount, but with education level, age, and severity of airflow obstruction. Physicians should provide different strategies of smoking cessation intervention for current smokers with COPD according to their education levels, age, and severity of airflow obstruction.

A Three-Year Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis on Nicotine Dependence and Average Smoking

송태민,안지영,Laura L. Hayman,김계수,이주열,장해란 대한의료정보학회 2012 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.18 No.2

Objectives: Previous studies have been limited to the use of cross sectional data to identify the relationships between nicotine dependence and smoking. Therefore, it is difficult to determine a causal direction between the two variables. The purposes of this study were to 1) test whether nicotine dependence or average smoking was a more influential factor in smoking cessation; and 2) propose effective ways to quit smoking as determined by the causal relations identified. Methods: This study used a panel dataset from the central computerized management systems of community-based smoking cessation programs in Korea. Data were stored from July 16, 2005 to July 15, 2008. 711,862 smokers were registered and re-registered for the programs during the period. 860 of those who were retained in the programs for three years were finally included in the dataset. To measure nicotine dependence, this study used a revised Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. To examine the relationship between nicotine dependence and average smoking, an autoregressive cross-lagged model was explored in the study. Results: The results indicate that 1) nicotine dependence and average smoking were stable over time; 2) the impact of nicotine dependence on average smoking was significant and vice versa; and 3) the impact of average smoking on nicotine dependence is greater than the impact of nicotine dependence on average smoking. Conclusions: These results support the existing data obtained from previous research. Collectively, reducing the amount of smoking in order to decrease nicotine dependence is important for evidence-based policy making for smoking cessation.

구매종속성을 고려한 근사적 연속검토 재고모형

박창규,서준용 한국산업경영시스템학회 2015 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.38 No.4

This paper introduces the existence of purchase dependence that was identified during the analysis of inventory operations practice at a sales agency of dealing with spare parts for ship engines and generators. Purchase dependence is an important factor in designing an inventory replenishment policy. However, it has remained mostly unaddressed. Purchase dependence is different from demand dependence. Purchase dependence deals with the purchase behavior of customers, whereas demand dependence deals with the relationship between item-demands. In order to deal with purchase dependence in inventory operations practice, this paper proposes (Q, r) models with the consideration of purchase dependence. Through a computer simulation experiment, this paper compares performance of the proposed (Q, r) models to that of a (Q, r) model ignoring purchase dependence. The simulation experiment is conducted for two cases : a case of using a lost sale cost and a case of using a service level. For a case of using a lost sale cost, this paper calculates an order quantity, Q and a reorder point, r using the iterative procedure. However, for a case of using a service level, it is not an easy task to find Q and r. The complexity stems from the interactions among inventory replenishment policies for items. Thus, this paper considers the genetic algorithm (GA) as an optimization method. The simulation results demonstrates that the proposed (Q, r) models incur less inventory operations cost (satisfies better service levels) than a (Q, r) model ignoring purchase dependence. As a result, the simulation results supports that it is important to consider purchase dependence in the inventory operations practice.

Sociodemographic Factors and Comorbidities Associated with Remission from Alcohol Dependence: Results from a Nationwide General Population Survey in Korea

한송이,조맹제,원승희,홍진표,배재남,조성진,박종익,이준영,전홍진,장성만 대한신경정신의학회 2015 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.12 No.3

ObjectiveaaThe lifetime prevalence of alcohol dependence in South Korea remains higher than other countries. The aim of our study is to identify factors associated with remission from alcohol dependence. MethodsaaData from the Korean Epidemiological Catchment Area-Replication (KECA-R) study were used in our study. The Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1 (K-CIDI 2.1) was administered. Remission was defined as having no symptom of alcohol dependence for 12 months or longer at the time of the interview. Demographic and clinical variables putatively associated with remission from alcohol dependence were examined by t-test, chi-square-test and logistic regression analysis. ResultsaaThe lifetime prevalence rate of alcohol dependence was 7.0%. Among them, 3.2% of the subjects were diagnosed with active alcohol dependence in the previous 12 months, and 3.8% were found to be in remission. Subjects in 35- to 44-year-old group, not living with partner group, and lower level of educational attainment group were more likely to be in the active alcohol dependence state. Of the comorbid mental disorders, dysthymia, anxiety disorder, nicotine use, and nicotine dependence were more common among the actively alcohol-dependent subjects. ConclusionaaThere is considerable level of recovery from alcohol dependence. Attention to factors associated with remission from alcohol dependence may be important in designing more effective treatment and prevention programs in this high-risk population.