감염성 심내막염 진단기준(Duke Criteria: Von Reyn Criteria)의 비교 및 경식도심초음파의 유용성

김양수,김백남 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.1

목적: 감염성 심내막염의 진단을 위하여 사용되는 Duke criteria의 민감도와 특이도를 알아보고 경식도 심초음파의 유용성을 검토하고자 한다. 방법: 감염성 심내막염으로 치료를 받은 99례의 임상적, 미생물학적, 그리고 심초음파 소견, 병리학적 소견을 종합하여 각각을 Duke criteria와 von Reyn criteria로 재분류하였다. 결과: 병리학적으로 증명된 27례에서 Duke criteria로 definite case는 22례(81.5%)였으며, von Reyn criteria로는 possible case가 6례(22.6%)이어, Duke criteria의 민감도가 von Reyn criteria에 비해 더 높았다(p<0.05). Duke criteria의 possible case까지 포함하면 민감도는 100%로 von Reyn criteria로 possible case까지 포함한 70.4% 보다 더 높았다(p<0.05). 병리학적으로 증명된 심내막염에서는 경식도초음파를 시행함으로써 Duke criteria의 진단적 민감도가 유의하게 증가하지는 않았다. 조직학적으로 심내막염이 아닌 7례에서 Duke criteria로 definite case는 없었지만 possible case는 6례로 85.7%의 위양성율을 보였으나 von Reyn criteria로는 모두 rejected case이어 통계적으로 유의하게 Duke criteria의 특이도가 떨어졌다. 특히 Duke criteria를 적용할 때, 경식도초음파 소견은(85.7%) 경흉부초음파에 비하여(33.3%) 위양성율이 높아 심내막염을 진단하는데 경식도초음파의 특이도는 떨어짐을 알수 있었다. Viridans streptococci 심내막염이나 S. aureus 심내막염에서도 Duke criteria가 von Reyn criteria보다 진단적 민감도 더 높았다(p<0.05). 결론: Duke criteria는 von Reyn criteria보다 진단적인 민감도는 더 높다고 할 수는 있으나 특이도는 떨어지므로 특이도를 높일수 있는 보완이 있어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 경식도초음파는 특이성이 떨어질 수 있으므로, 심내막염을 진단하는 경우에는 반드시 임상적인 증거들을 고려하여 판단하여야 한다. Background: We compared the sensitivity and specificity of the newly developed Duke criteria(D) with those of the von Reyn criteria(R), and also evaluated the usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis(IE). Methods: We retrospectively reclassified 99 cases of infective endocarditis either by the Duke criteria or by the von Reyn criteria, according to clinical, microbiologic, and echocardiographic findings. Results: Of 27 histologically-confirmed cases, the sensitivity of D(22 definite + 5 possible) was 100%, and that of R(6 probable + 13 possible) was 70.4%(p<0.05). Of 7 histologically-rejected cases, there were 6 possible cases falsely accepted as IE by D, but none were accepted by R(p<0.05). For the histologically-confirmed cases, the sensitivity of D was not improved by TEE(23/23, 100%) compared with TTE(23/23, 100%). For 7 histologically rejected cases, the false-positive rate of TEE(5/7, 85.7%) was higher than that of TTE(2/7, 33.3%). There were 2 rejected cases by R compared with 0 by D among 34 cases of IE caused by viridans streptococci(p<0.05). And there were 5 rejected cases by R compared with 0 by D among 11 cases caused by S. aureus. Conclusion: The Duke criteria was more sensitive, but less specific than the von Reyn criteria for the diagnosis of IE. TEE may be helpful, but are not specific. The usefulness of TEE should be further evaluated.

환경정책의 가치기준에 관한 시론: 유형화와 체계구성

이시경 한국환경철학회 2008 환경철학 Vol.0 No.7

Based on existing research on ethical values and principles of environmental policy, this article discusses value criteria of environmental policy from which desirable policy goals and instruments are induced. Value criteria are objective and normative criteria and they describe judgement on policy value. Value criteria are applied to explain overall and common value in the choice of policy goal and policy evaluation rather than to a specific field of environmental policy. Value criteria of environmental policy are classified into two classes, intrinsic value criteria and procedural value criteria. This classification based on hierarchy of value theory. Intrinsic value criteria are strongly related to policy ideology and they induce policy goal setting. Procedural value criteria are used in selection and evaluation of policy instruments. Intrinsic value criteria of environmental policy are composed of Roundput & Sustainability, Technocentrism & Ecocentrism. Procedural value criteria are composed of Postmanagement & Precaution, Individualism & Integration, Efficiency & Equity, Shared Responsibility & Polluter's Pay. These value criteria contributed to overcome dilemma and conflict in environmental policy process. 이 글에서는 환경정책의 윤리적 가치와 원칙에 관한 선행연구를 토대로 환경정책의 목표설정과 정책수단 선택에 적용할 수 있는 가치기준의 정립을 시도한다. 정책과정에는 가치판단과 사실판단이 지속적으로 이루어진다고 보고, 가치판단에 적용되는 가치적 성격을 띠고 있는 기준을 가치기준으로 보고자 한다. 따라서 환경정책학과 환경법학에서 논의되어 온 정책원칙뿐 아니라 환경 철학의 윤리적 가치에 관한 논의에서도 환경정책의 가치기준을 도출할 수 있다고 보았다. 여기서 논의하는 가치기준은 특정분야의 정책과 관련되기보다는 환경정책 전반에 적용되는 보편적이고 일반적인 가치기준으로서 주로 정책목표의 설정, 정책수단의 선택, 정책평가의 기준으로 활용될 수 있다고 전제하였다. 가치기준의 체계를 구성하기 위해, 환경정책의 가치기준을 본질적 가치기준과 수단적 가치기준으로 구분해 보았다. 본질적 가치기준은 환경정책이 근본적으로 지향하는 정책이념으로서 주로 정책목표 설정에 영향을 미치는 것으로, 수단적 가치기준은 정책수단의 선택이나 정책평가와 관련된 것으로 간주하였다. 본질적 가치기준에는 순환성과 지속가능성, 기술지향성과 생태지향성을, 수단적 가치기준에는 사후관리와 사전예방, 개별성과 통합성, 효율성과 형평성, 원인자 책임과 공동책임을 선택하여, 이들 각각의 가치기준의 개념이 포괄하는 주요 내용과 환경정책의 어떤 부분에 적용할 수 있을지를 탐색해 보았다. 이러한 가치기준 체계는 환경정책의 목표수립과 정책수단 선택의 기준이 될 뿐 아니라 환경정책과정에 적절히 활용한다면 정책의 갈등이나 딜레마 상황을 극복하는데도 기여할 것이다.

Application of Ductile Fracture Criteria for the FLD Prediction of Steel Sheets

Yanshan Lou,Soekbong Kim,Younki Ko,Hoon Huh 한국소성가공학회 2010 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

This paper applies ductile fracture criteria for the formability prediction of various types of steel sheets to evaluate the accuracy of ductile fracture criteria on the prediction of forming limit diagrams (FLDs). The ductile fracture criteria studied in this paper include the Cockcroft criterion (1968), the Brozzo criterion (1972), the Oh criterion (1979), the Oyane-Sato criterion (1980), the Clift criterion (1990) and the Ko-Huh criterion (2007). The material properties and the experimental FLDs of 24 kinds of steel sheets are collected from researchers. Hosford79 yield function with normal anisotropy is utilized to model the yield surfaces of these steel sheets. The Hollomon equation is employed to describe the strain hardening behaviors. The material constants in the ductile fracture criteria are evaluated with the limited strains in the uniaxial tension state for Cockcroft criterion, Brozzo criterion, Oh criterion, Clift criterion and Ko-Huh criterion while the limit strains in both the uniaxial tension and plane strain tension conditions are used for the material constant evaluation in Oyane-Sato criterion. The FLDs are predicted with these ductile fracture criteria with linear strain paths. The predicted FLDs are compared with experimental data. The results show that the FLDs predicted from Oyane-Sato and Ko-Huh ductile fracture criteria match the experimental data well for the LHS FLDs while other ductile fracture criteria overestimate the limited strain in plane strain tension conditions. For the right hand side FLDs, all these ductile fracture criteria do not perform well compared with experimental FLDs.

Original Articles : Applying the ACR Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria in the Diagnosis and Assessment of Fibromyalgia

( So Mi Kim ),( Sang Heon Lee ),( Hae Rim Kim ) 대한통증학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.25 No.3

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain with a low pain threshold. The aim of this study was to compare two criteria for the diagnosis and assessment of FM and to analyze the correlation and agreement between the 1990 and 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM. Methods: We studied 98 patients who had already been diagnosed as having FM using the 1990 criteria or 2010 preliminary criteria. Tender point examination, FM impact questionnaire (FIQ) and pain visual analog scale (VAS) were obtained. According to the preliminary criteria, FM was quantified as WPI (widespread pain index) and the SS scale (symptom severity) and the two criteria were compared. Results: Among 98 patients, 78.6% of the patients were diagnosed with the 1990 ACR criteria and 93.9% of the patients were diagnosed with the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria, and there was also significant agreement between the two criteria (P <0.01). There was a correlation with the WPI and the tender point, with the SS and the FIQ, and with the sum of the WPI and SS and the FIQ. Conclusions: The ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM were in agreement with the 1990 ACR criteria during the disease course. The preliminary criteria were the more sensitive method than the 1990 criteria. In addition, the 2010 criteria might have advantages since it is easy to assess the physical and psychological symptoms and can be quantified. Therefore, the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM could be used more conveniently for clinical diagnosis and follow up evaluation after starting management of FM.

Applying the ACR Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria in the Diagnosis and Assessment of Fibromyalgia

Kim, So-Mi,Lee, Sang-Heon,Kim, Hae-Rim The Korean Pain Society 2012 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.25 No.3

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain with a low pain threshold. The aim of this study was to compare two criteria for the diagnosis and assessment of FM and to analyze the correlation and agreement between the 1990 and 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM. Methods: We studied 98 patients who had already been diagnosed as having FM using the 1990 criteria or 2010 preliminary criteria. Tender point examination, FM impact questionnaire (FIQ) and pain visual analog scale (VAS) were obtained. According to the preliminary criteria, FM was quantified as WPI (widespread pain index) and the SS scale (symptom severity) and the two criteria were compared. Results: Among 98 patients, 78.6% of the patients were diagnosed with the 1990 ACR criteria and 93.9% of the patients were diagnosed with the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria, and there was also significant agreement between the two criteria (P < 0.01). There was a correlation with the WPI and the tender point, with the SS and the FIQ, and with the sum of the WPI and SS and the FIQ. Conclusions: The ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM were in agreement with the 1990 ACR criteria during the disease course. The preliminary criteria were the more sensitive method than the 1990 criteria. In addition, the 2010 criteria might have advantages since it is easy to assess the physical and psychological symptoms and can be quantified. Therefore, the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM could be used more conveniently for clinical diagnosis and follow up evaluation after starting management of FM.

한국인 조기 류마티스관절염 환자에서의 2010 ACR/EULAR 분류 기준의 유용성 및 한계

문수진 ( Su Jin Moon ),이창훈 ( Chang Hoon Lee ),김윤성 ( Yun Sung Kim ),박윤정 ( Yun Jung Park ),강귀영 ( Kwi Young Kang ),곽승기 ( Seung Ki Kwok ),김해림 ( Hae Rim Kim ),주지현 ( Ji Hyeon Ju ),김현숙 ( Hyun Sook Kim ),서영일 ( Y 대한류마티스학회 2012 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.19 No.6

The 2010 New American College of Rheumatology/ European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was raised to identify patients with early RA and replaced the 1987 ACR classification criteria. The aims of this study are to assess the availability of new classification criteria and to evaluate its Methods. A total of 408 patients with newly diagnosed RA were included from 13 secondary or tertiary hospitals in South Korea. The symptom duration was less than 12 months before the diagnosis of RA. RA was defined as either 1987 ACR classification criteria or new 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria. We compared the full details of both classification criteria. Results. The mean symptom duration was 5.1 months. The majority (76.2%) of the patients were female. Two hundred and seventy three patients (66.9%) fulfilled both of the 2010 and 1987 classification criteria. Forty-seven (14.7%) of the 320 patients fulfilling the 1987 criteria did not fulfill the new classification criteria. On the other hand, eighty-eight (24.4%) of the 361 patients fulfilling the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria did not fulfill the 1987 ACR criteria. Thirty-six (55.4%) of the 65 patient with seronegative RA failed to meet the 2010 classification criteria. In case of seropositive RA (n=343), 85 additional patients (24.8%) could be diagnosed as RA using new classification criteria. The new 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria enable physicians to diagnose more patients with early RA via the help of serology. However, the sensitivity for the diagnosis of seronegative RA is projected to decrease.

온라인 리뷰 분석을 통한 상품 평가 기준 추출: LDA 및 k-최근접 이웃 접근법을 활용하여

이지현(Ji Hyeon Lee),정상형(Sang Hyung Jung),김준호(Jun Ho Kim),민은주(Eun Joo Min),여운영(Un Yeong Yeo),김종우(Jong Woo Kim) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2020 지능정보연구 Vol.26 No.1

Product evaluation criteria is an indicator describing attributes or values of products, which enable users or manufacturers measure and understand the products. When companies analyze their products or compare them with competitors, appropriate criteria must be selected for objective evaluation. The criteria should show the features of products that consumers considered when they purchased, used and evaluated the products. However, current evaluation criteria do not reflect different consumers’ opinion from product to product. Previous studies tried to used online reviews from e-commerce sites that reflect consumer opinions to extract the features and topics of products and use them as evaluation criteria. However, there is still a limit that they produce irrelevant criteria to products due to extracted or improper words are not refined. To overcome this limitation, this research suggests LDA-k-NN model which extracts possible criteria words from online reviews by using LDA and refines them with k-nearest neighbor. Proposed approach starts with preparation phase, which is constructed with 6 steps. At first, it collects review data from e-commerce websites. Most e-commerce websites classify their selling items by high-level, middle-level, and low-level categories. Review data for preparation phase are gathered from each middle-level category and collapsed later, which is to present single high-level category. Next, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs are extracted from reviews by getting part of speech information using morpheme analysis module. After preprocessing, words per each topic from review are shown with LDA and only nouns in topic words are chosen as potential words for criteria. Then, words are tagged based on possibility of criteria for each middle-level category. Next, every tagged word is vectorized by pre-trained word embedding model. Finally, k-nearest neighbor case-based approach is used to classify each word with tags. After setting up preparation phase, criteria extraction phase is conducted with low-level categories. This phase starts with crawling reviews in the corresponding low-level category. Same preprocessing as preparation phase is conducted using morpheme analysis module and LDA. Possible criteria words are extracted by getting nouns from the data and vectorized by pre-trained word embedding model. Finally, evaluation criteria are extracted by refining possible criteria words using k-nearest neighbor approach and reference proportion of each word in the words set. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, an experiment was conducted with review on ‘11st’, one of the biggest e-commerce companies in Korea. Review data were from ‘Electronics/Digital’ section, one of high-level categories in 11st. For performance evaluation of suggested model, three other models were used for comparing with the suggested model; actual criteria of 11st, a model that extracts nouns by morpheme analysis module and refines them according to word frequency, and a model that extracts nouns from LDA topics and refines them by word frequency. The performance evaluation was set to predict evaluation criteria of 10 low-level categories with the suggested model and 3 models above. Criteria words extracted from each model were combined into a single words set and it was used for survey questionnaires. In the survey, respondents chose every item they consider as appropriate criteria for each category. Each model got its score when chosen words were extracted from that model. The suggested model had higher scores than other models in 8 out of 10 low-level categories. By conducting paired t-tests on scores of each model, we confirmed that the suggested model shows better performance in 26 tests out of 30. In addition, the suggested model was the best model in terms of accuracy. This research proposes evaluation criteria extracting method that combines topic extraction using LDA and refinement with k-near

Comparison of the morphologic criteria (RECIST) and metabolic criteria (EORTC and PERCIST) in tumor response assessments: a pooled analysis

김홍덕,김범준,김형수,김정한 대한내과학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.34 No.3

Background/Aims: The Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) or European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria are used to assess metabolic tumor responses. However, tumor responses have shown considerable discrepancies between the morphologic criteria (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST]) and metabolic criteria. We performed this pooled study to compare the RECIST and metabolic criteria in the assessment of tumor responses. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for eligible articles with the terms “RECIST,” “PERCIST,” or “EORTC criteria.” The level of concordance in the tumor responses between the two criteria was estimated using κ statistics. Results: A total of 216 patients were collected from eight studies comparing the RECIST and EORTC criteria. The agreement of tumor responses between the two criteria was moderate (κ = 0.447). Eighty-six patients (39.8%) showed disagreement: tumor response was upgraded in 70 patients and downgraded in 16 when adopting the EORTC criteria. The EORTC criteria significantly increased the overall response rate (53% vs. 28%, p < 0.0001). The agreement of tumor responses between the RECIST and PERCIST was deemed fair (κ = 0.389). Of 407 patients from nine studies, 181 (44.5%) showed a discrepancy: using the PERCIST, tumor response were upgraded in 151 patients and downgraded in 30. When adopting the PERCIST, the overall response rate was also significantly increased from 30% to 55% (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: This pooled analysis demonstrates that the concordance of tumor responses between the morphologic criteria and metabolic criteria is not excellent. When adopting the metabolic criteria instead of the RECIST, overall response rates were significantly increased.

차량 주행특성을 고려한 감속 완화곡선 설계방법 개발

이점호 한국도로학회 2008 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.10 No.3

I study for design criteria and research about Interchange diverging area of express highway and freeway. the most recent, at interchange diversion of express highway and freeway, design criteria and researches are focus on safety guarantee a point of view movement dynamics of vehicle and road geometric as to transition section, deceleration section, curve radius, nose section, outflow angle etc. that is, design criteria and research of Interchange diverging area have not consider a point of view movement dynamics of vehicle and road geometric and driver. so that I will be focus characteristic of runing speed on trasion curve. and I will consider vehicle running speed characteristics and study problem of Interchange diverging area design criteria. For this study, First, analysis meaning about theory of now design criteria, Second, look at vehicle running speed and traffic accident characteristics of Interchange diverging area , Third, propose new deceleration transition curve design method get along vehicle running speed characteristics of Interchange diverging area. new deceleration transition curve design method put out new outcoums. that is, I definite cause to safety new deceleration transition curve design method better than pressently, used design criteria of Interchange diverging area. especially, deceleration transition curve design criteria produced good result in the running speed 50km/h,40km/h, that is inertia better than inertia of present used design criteria. and deceleration transition curve is extended better than present transition curve criteria. so that new deceleration transition curve design method safety is good better than the past method safety. I study for design criteria and research about Interchange diverging area of express highway and freeway. the most recent, at interchange diversion of express highway and freeway, design criteria and researches are focus on safety guarantee a point of view movement dynamics of vehicle and road geometric as to transition section, deceleration section, curve radius, nose section, outflow angle etc. that is, design criteria and research of Interchange diverging area have not consider a point of view movement dynamics of vehicle and road geometric and driver. so that I will be focus characteristic of runing speed on trasion curve. and I will consider vehicle running speed characteristics and study problem of Interchange diverging area design criteria. For this study, First, analysis meaning about theory of now design criteria, Second, look at vehicle running speed and traffic accident characteristics of Interchange diverging area , Third, propose new deceleration transition curve design method get along vehicle running speed characteristics of Interchange diverging area. new deceleration transition curve design method put out new outcoums. that is, I definite cause to safety new deceleration transition curve design method better than pressently, used design criteria of Interchange diverging area. especially, deceleration transition curve design criteria produced good result in the running speed 50km/h,40km/h, that is inertia better than inertia of present used design criteria. and deceleration transition curve is extended better than present transition curve criteria. so that new deceleration transition curve design method safety is good better than the past method safety.

기획주제(企劃主題) : 한문과(漢文科) 성취기준(成就基準) 및 성취수준(成就水準)의 내용(內容) 분석(分析)과 적용(適用) 방안(方案) 모색(摸索) ; 기조(基調) 발표(發表) : 2009 한문과 교육과정 "읽기" 영역(領域) 성취기준(成就基準) 및 성취수준(成就水準) 내용(內容) 분석(分析)

송병렬 ( Pyung Nyul Song ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2012 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.29 No.-

이 논문은 한문과 교육과정의 ‘읽기’ 영역에 대한 성취기준 및 성취수준의 내용을 분석한 것이다. 7차 교육과정까지 내용 요소는 학습요소를 중심으로 진술했다. 2007, 2009 교육과정은 성취수준을 중심으로 진술하였다. 한문과의 읽기 영역은 중학교 한문은 1~3學年群別 성취기준과 영역 성취 기준, 학습 내용 성취 기준으로, 고등학교 한문Ⅰ은 학교급별 성취 기준, 영역 성취 기준, 학습 내용 성취 기준으로, 고등학교 한문Ⅱ는 학교급별 성취 기준, 영역 성취 기준, 학습 내용 성취 기준으로 되어있다. 한문과 읽기 영역의 성취 기준은 한문과 교육과정 내용(교육과정 성취 기준)과 비교해 보면 성취 기준 요소가 보다 상세하다. 중학교 한문의 교육과정 내용의 <한9112> ‘글을 의미가 잘 드러나도록 알맞게 띄어 읽을 수 있다’에 대한 성취 기준은 <한9112-1> ‘글의 의미가 잘 드러나도록 한문 단문, 한문 산문을 알맞게 띄어 읽을 수 있다’와 <한9112-2> ‘글의 의미가 잘 드러나도록 한시를 알맞게 띄어 읽을 수 있다’로 나뉘어져 있다. 고등학교 한문Ⅰ의 교육과정 내용의 <한Ⅰ111> ‘글을 화자의 어조에 맞게 읽을 수 있다’는 4개의 성취기준으로 세분화되어 있다. 고등학교 한문Ⅱ의 교육과정 내용의 <한Ⅱ111> ‘글의 분위기를 살려 유창하게 낭독할 수 있다’는 무려5개의 성취기준으로 세분화되어 있다. 교육과정 내용의 성취 기준이 다수의 학습성취 기준을 포괄적으로 담았으며, 교육과정 내용은 성취 기준으로 진술되어 있지만 학습 요소에 대한 성취 기준이며, 성취 기준은 교육과정 내용을 평가하기 위한 것이므로 평가 요소를 보다 작게 세분화했던 것이다. 따라서 교육과정 내용과 성취 기준은 학습 내용의 성취 기준과 학습 내용 평가의 성취 기준의 관계이다. 읽기 영역의 성취 기준에 대한 성취 수준은 학습자의 성취 수준의 도달 정도를 나타내는 것으로 상·중·하의 3단계로 설정하였다. 상·중·하 3단계의 진술방식은 ‘학습 내용 + 수행(행동)’으로 진술하였다. 여기서 드러난 문제는 한문과 영역에서 읽기에 대한 성취 기준을 평가하는 도구를 개발하기 어렵다는 것이다. 즉 ‘한문 단문, 한문 산문, 한시 등을 구성하는 한자의 바른 음을 알고 그것을 소리 내어서 읽을 수 있는가’의 평가 대상은 지필형태의 평가로 가능하지 않다는 것이다. 또한 일부의 단문, 산문, 한시를 수행평가를 통해서 평가할 수 있지만, 평가 내용이 읽기라는 것과 평가 방법이 소리 내어 읽은 것을 평가하는 것이므로 평가의 시간과 평가의 공정성을 확보하기가 그리 쉽지 않다는 것이 확인되었다. 일부 요소는 소리로 읽는 것을 ‘지필’ 형태로 대체하는 방법도 존재하였으나, 그 또한 읽기 요소의 평가를 다 반영할 수 없다는 문제를 갖고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 따라서 읽기 영역의 성취 기준은 평가 방법에 있어서 획기적인 창안이 필요하다. This study analysed the achievement criteria and the achievement levels of the ``reading`` part of Classical Chinese education curriculum. The description of the achievement criteria was focused on learning factors until it was superseded by the achievement levels in 2007 and 2009 revision. The achievement criteria for the reading part of Classical Chinese pertain to the following: academic year, parts, and learning factors in middle school and the type of schools, parts, and learning factors in high school, respectively. The achievement criteria for the reading part are more specific compared to that of the curriculum. In middle school Classical Chinese curriculum, the achievement criteria for <han(한)9112> ‘to read with appropriate intervals in order to clarify the meaning of text`` are depicted as <han(한)9112-1> ‘to read short sentences and prose with appropriate intervals in order to clarify the meaning of text’ and <han(한)9112-2> ‘to read poetry with appropriate intervals in order to clarify the meaning of text’. In high school curriculum, <han(한)Ⅰ111> ‘to read in accordance with the tune of speaker`` is segmented into 4 achievement criteria, while <han(한)Ⅱ111> ‘to recite fluently enriching the context’ in 5. The achievement criteria for the curriculum enclose most of the criteria for learning comprehensively. The achievement criteria stating the curriculum are actually the criteria for learning factors, which are for the assessment of the curriculum. Assessment factors are segmented in this manner. Therefore, the relationship between the curriculum and the achievement criteria can be inferred as the relationship between the achievement criteria for learning content and assessment of it. The achievement levels for reading part indicating how far the learner has accomplished are provided with three levels. These levels are presented by ``learning content and execution``. One problem here reveals that it is difficult to develop a measure to evaluate the achievement criteria. Written test is not an appropriate assessment tool for criterion such as ``to be aware of correct pronunciation of Chinese characters composing short sentences, prose and poetry and read them aloud`` since filling in correct pronunciations cannot reflect every aspect of reading. Besides, it was confirmed that execution test needs quite a large amount of time and does not guarantee fairness with respect to evaluation of reading aloud. In consequence, the achievement criteria for the reading part require an innovative tool in terms of assessment.