한국 성인에서 혈중 C 형 간염 바이러스 항체의 발현율과 의의

권소영(So Young Kwon),박이병(Ie Byung Park),박상훈(Sang Hoon Park),연종은(Jong Eun Yeon),박영태(Young Tae Bak),김진호(Jin Ho Kim),변관수(Kwan Soo Byun),이창홍(Chang Hong Lee),윤도경(Do Kyoung Yoon),조경환(Kyung Hwang Cho) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

Objectives : The prevalence of anti-HCV among blood donors is about 0.3 to 1.5% when assessed by first or second generation EIA. The significance of anti-HCV in a low risk population such as blood donors is unclear, To estimate the prevalence and significance of anti- HCV (second generation EIA) in Korean adults, we tested 4-RIBA and HCV-RNA RT-PCR in the sera of anti-HCV positive cases with normal serum ALT level. Methods : Serum samples from 5707 adults who visited Health Counseling Center were tested for ALT, HBsAg and anti-HCV by second genration EIA (UBI). Anti-HCV positive cases with normal serum ALT participated in a brief questionnaire and serum samples of them were tested for HCV by a 4-RIBA and HCV-RNA by RT-PCR. Results: The overall prevalence of anti-HCV among Korean adults is 1.77% and among adults with normal serum ALT is 1,45%. History of prior blood transfusion was more frequent in anti-HCV positive cases than anti- HCV negative cases. In 28 anti-HCV positive cases with normal serum ALT level, 4-RIBA was reactive in 35.7% and HCV- RNA was detected in 39.3%. HCV-RNA was detected in 9 of 10 4-RIBA reactive cases but in only 2 of 18 indeterminate or nonreactive cases. All 9 cases with sample/cut-off ratio of greater than 5 in anti-HCV EIA were 4-RIBA reactive and contained HCV-RNA, but only 2 of 19 cases with sample/cut off ratio less than 5 contained HCV-RNA. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of anti-HCV among Korean adults is 1,77%. About 40% of anti-HCV positive cases with normal sALT level contained serum HCV-RNA by RT-PCR. Reactive results of 4-RIBA and high sample/cut-off ratio in anti-HCV EIA correlated well with detection of HCV-RNA by RT-PCR.

개심술을 받은 환자에서 C형 간염 항체검사

박승국,안성훈,최세영,허정욱,이광숙,유영선 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1998 계명의대학술지 Vol.17 No.3

C형 간염 진단법으로 anti-HCV 검사법이 개발된 이후 수혈후 간염의 대부분이 C형 간염이 원인으로 밝혀지고, 특히 장기이식, 다량 수혈을 받은 위험군에서의 anti-HCV 양성율이 높게 나타남이 보고되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 많은 양의 혈액을 수혈받은 개심술 환자에서 anti-HCV 양성율을 조사하고자 하였다. 각종 심장질환으로 개심술을 받은 61명을 대상으로 수술전과 수술후 1, 3, 6,개월에 각각 간기능 검사를 시행하였고, 수술후 1개월과 6개월에 Abbott사의 ,kit를 이용한 효소결함합착법으로 anti-HCV 검사를 시행하였다. 개심술 전후 간기능검사에서 유의한 변동은 없었다(p〉0.05). 대상환자 61명중 1명 (1.6%)에 불과하나 일단 C형 간염에 감염될 경우 만성간염, 간경변중, 간암 등의 이행율이 높고 한국인 공혈자와 일반국민에서 anti-HCV 양성율이 1-1.5%이며 이들의 혈액을 수혈받을 경우 수혈후 간염의 약 90%가 C형 간염이 원인인 점과 anti-HCV 검사로 수혈후 간염을 약 70%까지 감소시킬 수 있다는 보고에 따라 향후 개심술 환자가 수혈을 받을 때는 필히 수혈받을 혈액을 anti-HCV 검사르 시행함으로 해서 C형 간염의 예방에 큰 기여가 되리라 생각되고 개심술후에는 주기적으로 간기능검사와 anti-HCV 검사를 해 볼 필요가 있으리라 사료된다. To evaluate the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in patients with open heart surgery we did a prospective study of alanine aminotransferasa (ALT) before operation and one, three and six months after operation and of anti-HCV one and six months after operation in 61 patients who had taken open-heart surgery. No significant change was noted in liver function test before and after operation. One(1.6%) of 61 patients was anti-HCV positive after operation. Hepatitis C virus is the major cause of post-transfusion hepatitis in Korea and in the world. But the positive rate of anti-HCV was very low in our study. It is uncertain whether the cause is due to false negativity, failure of detection of anti-HCV or low positivity of anti-HCV of dornated blood.

HCV, Acute, LT : The Role of Recombinant Immunoblot Assay for Diagnostic Approach of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Low Prevalent Area

( Hyoung Su Kim ),( Ji Won Park ),( Sung Eun Kim ),( Su Rin Shin ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Myoung Kuk Jang ),( Sang Hoon Park ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Myung Seok Lee ),( Choong Kee Park ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background and aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is screened by immunoassays. However, false positive results of anti-HCV occur with unacceptable frequency, especially in low-prevalence populations. This study was aimed to determine anti-HCV signal-to-cutoff (S/CO) ratios to discriminate true-positive from false-positive anti-HCV infection and evaluate the role of recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA), and to suggest new strategy for diagnosis of HCV infection. Methods: A total of 251 anti-HCV positive patients who were tested RIBA and HCV RNA test simultaneously were enrolled. Patients were divided into viremia and non-viremia groups according to HCV RNA results. False-positive (FP) anti-HCV was defined as samples with negative or indeterminate RIBA results and HCV RNA negativity. True-positive (TP) anti-HCV was defined as positive RIBA or positive HCV RNA. Receiveroperating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of anti-HCV S/CO ratio for predicting HCV viremia, and for discriminating true-positive from false-positive anti-HCV infection. Results: A total of 121 (48.2%) of the 251 patients showed false-positive antibody results. There were significant differences in serum ALT level, anti-HCV S/CO ratio and RIBA results (viremia vs. non-viremia, TP vs. FP). Using ROC curves, the optimal cutoff values of anti-HCV S/CO ratio for HCV viremia and TP were 8.5 and 2.5, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosing HCV viremia at 8.5 of anti-HCV S/CO ratio were 96.4%, 90.8%, 89.1% and 97.0%, respectively. Those for TP at 2.5 of anti-HCV S/CO ratio were 97.7%, 65.3%, 75.1% and 96.3%, respectively. There were no patients with HCV viremia below 2.5 of anti-HCV S/CO ratio. HCV viremia was detected in only 8% (4/50) of the subjects with 2.5-8.5 anti-HCV S/CO ratio. Conclusion: Diagnostic strategy of HCV infection should be changed according to anti-HCV S/CO ratio and RIBA results.

혈청 anti - HCV 양성자의 역학 및 가족내 감염과 HBV 표지자에 관한 조사

이헌주(Heon Ju Lee),강호정(Ho Jung Kang),김기덕(Kee Duck Kim),박찬원(Chan Won Park),윤현대(Hyun Dae Yoon),전진종(Jin Chong Chun),최교원(Kyo Won Choi),최희진(Hee Jin Choi) 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.43 No.6

Background: Transfusion is a well-known source of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but over half of the hepatitis C patients do not have any suspicious source of infection. Epidemiological survey and serological test for HBV marks were done among anti-HCV positive chronic liver disease patient and their family members. Method: 74 cases of anti-HCV postitive chronic liver disease patients were evaluated for the evident source of HCV infection and 188 of their family members were consulted for the infection of HCV. To compare the mode of HBV infection with HCV, serum HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs were checked in 43 of HBsAg positive chronic liver disease patients, 190 of their family members, 64 anti-HCV postive chronic liver disease patients and 239 of normal control persons. Results: 35cases (47.3%) of 74 anti-HCV positive chronic liver disease patients had no suspicious source of infection and only 16 cases (21.6%) had the history of past transfusion. No family members except 3 (one infant, one IV drug abuser and one wife) in 3 families among 74 families were anti-HCV positive. 29 of 43 (67. 4%) families of HBsAg positive chronic liver disease patients had at least one of HBsAg positive member. Characteristically, HBsAg was positive in almost all cases of offsprings born to mothers of HBsAg and HBeAg positive chronic liver disease. 2 of 64 (3.1%) serum anti-HCV positive patients had HBsAg in their sera. Anti-HBs positive cases were 11 of 64 (17.2%.) anti-HCV positive chronic liver disease patients and isolated anti-HBc positive cases were 40 of 64 (62.5%). On the other hand, in normal control, the positive rate of anti-HBs and isolated anti-HBc were 57,4% and 24.3%(> in each (p<0,005, in both). Conclusion: In Korea, vertical transmission was the main source of HBV infection but HCV disease might be horizontal and sporadic. No remarkable difference in HBV infection rate between anti-HCV positive chronic liver disease patients and control persons. Superinfection of HCV on person who already was exposed to HBV may occur but this assumption could be depend on accurate testings for HBV and HCV. Some derangement in immune system and reaction or interaction between HBV and HCV should be considered in anti- HCV positive patients but before, isolated serum anti- HBc positive sera of chronic liver disease patients should be examined by confirmatory tests. To reduce the number of HCV patients, defining the evident source of the sporadically infected HCV cases could be helpful.

한국인의 각종 질환에서 anti - HCV 의 검출 양상

박영민(Young Min Park),조철수(Chul Soo Cho),한남익(Nam Ick Hahn),김인식(In Sik Kim),김용수(Young Soo Kim),임계순(Gae Soon Lim),정진우(Jin Woo Chung),윤영석(Young Suk Yoon),이창돈(Chang Don Lee),김호연(Ho Yeon Kim),방병기(Byung Kee Ba 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.2

We studied the prevalence of anti-HCV in 585 sera from various individuals using enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Abbott Laboraties, USA). The results were as follows: 1) Anti-HCV was detected in 16 (10.7%) out of 150 HBsAg positive liver diseases diagnosed by liver biopsy, consisting of none out of 10 acute viral hepatitis, 3 out of 15 chronic persistent hepatitis, 4 out of 50 chronic active hepatitis, 2 out of 32 liver cirrhosis, and 7 out of 43 hepatocellular carcinoma. 2) Anti-HCV was detected in 43 (45.3%) out of 95 HBsAg negative liver diseases diagnosed by liver biopsy, consisting of 5 out of 8 acute viral hepatitis, 2 out of 10 chronic persistent hepatitis, 17 out of 30 chronic active hepatitis, 4 out of 15 liver cirrhosis, and 15 out of 32 hepatocellular carcinoma. 3) Anti-HCV was detected in 22 (38.6%) out of 57 hemodialysis patients, in 3 (6.7%) out of 45 Kidney transplants, in 2 (11.1%) out of 18 fatty liver diagnosed by liver biopsy, in 2 (1.3%) out of 150 healthy blood donors, and none out of 40 healthy volunteers, 4) Anti-HCV was detected in 6 (31.6%) out of 19 rheumatoid arthritis and 6 (54.5%) out of 11 systemic lupus erythematosis. 5) There were familial clusters of chronic liver diseases in 4.7% of the patients with HRsAg negative/ anti-HCV positive chronic liver diseases and in 19.4% of the patients with HBsAg positive/anti-HCV negative liver diseases. 6) The incidence of anti-HCV within HBsAg positive liver diseases was higher in HBsAg negative patients (17.6%) than in HBeAg positive patients (10.3%). 7) In the hemodialysis patients, the number of hemodialysis was significantly higher in anti-HCV positive patients than in anti-HCV negative patients (p<0.009), but the number of blood transfusions didn't indicate a difference between anti-HCV positive and negative patients. We concluded that 1) HCV might be an important cause of various types of HBsAg negative liver diseases, 2) intrafamilial transmission of HCV might be much less common than of HBV, 3) coinfections of both HCV and HBV might be relatively common, 4) long duration of hemodialysis might be related to the increment of incidence of anti-HCV in hemodialysis units, and 5) the high frequency of false-positive anti-HCV in autoimmune disorders without evidence of liver diseases might limit the use of the current anti-HCV tests.

한국안에서 B형 간염 바이러스 항원 및 항체 양성률과 C형 간염 바이러스 항체 양성률에 관한 고찰

이무주 ( Moo Joo Lee ) 대한임상검사과학회 2000 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.32 No.3

Background : It is well known that Korea is one of endemic area for viral hepatitis B(HBV). The prevalence of HBsAg in general population has been reported as high as 5-12% before vaccination plan began in 1983, 7-9% after vaccination for HBV in 80th, 3-6% in 90th. The hepatitis C(HCV) is now known to be the chief cause of transfusion-associated non-A, non-B hepatitis. As there are not sufficient infonnation about the prevalence rate of HBV, HCV in 90th, this study was designed to investigate the positive rate of HBV, HCV and the mean prevalence rate of HBV, HCV by sex, in 1999 -2α)() year. Methods : From January 1999 to June 2000, HBsAg and Anti-HBs were checked by Electro Chemiluminosence Immunoassay technique in 17,652 adults. And Anti-HCV were checked by enzyme immunoassay technique in 12,668 adults. We have studied the positive rate of HBsAg, Anti-HBs and Anti-HCV, which were checked by sex. πlen, we have studied coinfection rate of HBV and HCV. Results πle positive rate of HBsAg and Anti-HCV were 6.0% and 0.2%. πle sex distribution of positive HBsAg showed higher in male than female. ’The sex distribution of positive Anti-HCV showed higher in male than female. πle positive rate of Anti-HBs was 64.0%. In the group of positive HBsAg, the positive rate of Anti-HCV was 0.1 %. And in the group of negative HBsAg, the positive rate of Anti-HCV was 0.2%. So, the relationship between the positive rate of HBsAg and Anti-HCV were not noted. Conclusions : The positive rate of Anti-HBs was 64.0%. πlIs suggest that Govemment continues effort for control of HBV such as HBV vaccination and for control of transfusion associated HCV infection Also, this suggest that general population increase concerns in sanitation and public health.

울산지역 건강인에서의 C 형 간염 항체 양성율

정지인(Ji Inn Jung),손석호(Suk Ho Sohn),조욱현(Wook Hyun Cho),정정희(Jung Hee Jung),김용림(Yong Lim Kim),이진관(Jin Kwan Lee) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Background: The prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in healthy subjects from Korean has been investigated in various studies. But most of these studies were estimated from data in blood donors who were mostly young adults. So these studies could not represent the prevalence of anti-HCU in all age groups and its age distribution. Method: The prevalence of anti-HCV among healthy subjects in Ulsan area was evaluated using commercially available enzyme immunoassay. We studied a correlation between anti-HCV and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, and between anti-HCV and HBs Ag. Effects of increasing age and blood transfusion were also evaluated. Results: 1) The overall prevalence of anti-HCV was 1.079 among 3,000 healty subjects. 2) Male to female ratio was 2.5:1. The prevalence of anti-HCV among male subjects (1.21%) was higher than that among female subjects (0.7%). 3) Anti-HCV prevalence increased with increasing age through the fourth decade of life. 4) There was no significant difference both in the prevalence of anti-HCV in healthy subjects with or without HBs Ag and in the prevalence of anti-HCV in healthy subjects with or without the history of transfusion. 5) Anti-HCV prevalence increased linearly with the increase of alanine aminotransferase level. Conclusion: The prevalence of anti-HCV in healthy subjects in Ulsan area was 1.07%. There was a significant increase with increasing age above 30 years. There was a good correlation between the prevalence of anti- HCV and ALT level, but the prevalence of anti-HCV was not associated with blood transfusion.

한국 성인에서 C형 간염 바이러스 항체의 발현율

홍명호,권소영,조경환,변관수,이창홍,윤도경 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.3

목적 : C형 간염 바이러스(HCV)감염은 수혈후성간염, 특발성 간염, 간경변증, 원발성 간암과 같은 간질환의 주요 원인 중의 하나로 알려져 있다. C형 간염 바이러스 항체(anti-HCV)의 발현율은 anti-HCV 1세대 효소 면역 검사법(EIA)로 0.3-1.5%로 알려져 있으나 2세대 anti-HCV EIA는 민감도와 특이도가 1세대 검사보다 우수한 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자는 2세대 anti-HCV EIA를 이용하여 한국인에서 anti-HCV의 발현율과 역학적 특성을 조사하고자 연구를 시작하였다. 방법 : 고려대학교 부속병원 건강 검진 센터에 내원한 성인중 총 5707예를 대상으로 2세대 anti-HCV EIA,혈청 ALT(alanine aminotransferase), HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc를 검사하였으며, 양성인 예중 추적이 가능했던 36예에서 설문을 시행하고 음성인 예중 105예를 대조군으로 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 결과: 1)우리나라 성인에서 anti-HCV의 발현율은 1.8%였다. 2) Anti-HCV의 발현율은 연령이 증가할수록 증가하였다(P<0.01). 3)혈청 ALT가 상승되어 있는 예들의 anti-HCV 발현율은 3.7%로 혈청 ALT 정상 예들에서의 anti-HCV 발현율 1.5% 보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 4)HBsAg 음성인 예들에서 anti-HCV의 발현율은 1.8%로 HBsAg 양성인 예들에서의 0.9%보다 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 5)비A비B형 간염의 대리 표지자인 anti-HBc양성이면서 혈청 ALT가 상승되어 있는 예들에서 anti-HCV 발현율은 4.4%로 그렇지 않은 군보다 유의하게 높았지만(P<0.01), 양성 예측치가 낮아 대리표지자를 국내에 적용하기는 어려웠다. 6) Anti-HCV양성인 예들과 음성인 예들의 설문에서 수혈의 기왕력만이 anti-HCV 양성인 예들에서 유의하게 많았고(P<0.05), 수술 경력, 가족내 간 질환자의 유무, 성병과거력, 음주력, 침이나 문신 경력은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 건강 검진자들에서의 2세대 EIA를 이용한 anti-HCV 발현율은 1.8%(101/5707)로 우리나라에서의 anti-HCV 발현율은 외국에 비해 비교적 높은 것으로 추정되며, 특히 연령이 증가할 수록 발현율은 더욱 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 앞으로 이러한 anti-HCV 양성자를 대상으로 RIBA나 HCV-RNA의 직접 검출등의 방법을 이용하여 항체 양성의 의미를 규명하는 연구가 계속 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Hepatitis C Virus(HCV) infection is known as one of the most important causes of liver diseases such as post-transfusion hepatitis, sporadic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The prevalence of antibody to Hepatitis C Virus)anti-HCV) among blood donors was about 0.3-1.5% by first generation enzyme immunoassay(EIA). Second generation anti-HCV EIA was known as superior to first generation anti-HCV EIA in the aspects of sensitivity and specificity. To estimate the prevalence of anti-HCV among Korean adults and identify the route of ECV transmission, 5707 serum samples were tested. Methods : Serum samples from 5707 adults who visited Korea University Hospital Health Care Center for general check up were tested for second generation anti-HCV EIA, serum ALT(alanine aminotranferase), HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc. Questionnaires including presumptive risk factors of HCV were obtained from 36 anti-HCV positive cases, and those results were compared to the results from 105 anti-HCV negative cases. Results: 1) The overall prevalence of anti-HCV was 1.8%(101/5707). 2)The prevalence of anti-HCV increased with aging significantly(P<0.01). There was little difference in the prevalence of anti-HCV between male and female(1.8% vs1.7%). 3)The prevalence of anti-HCV in elevated(ALT>40IU/L)serum ALT cases was significantly higher than in normal(ALT≤40IU/L) cases(3.7% vs 1q.5%, P<0.01). 4)The prevalence of anti-HCV in HBsAg negative cases was higher than HBsAg positive cases(1.8% vs 0.9%), but it was not statistically significant. 5)The prevalence of anti-HCV was 4.4% in cases with anti-HBc and elevated serum ALT(ALT>40IU/L), and it was significantly higher than the prevalence of anti-HCV in cases of anti-HBc negative and/or normal serum ALT(P<0.01). 6)Anti-HCV status was associated with history of transfusion significantly(P<0.05), but the following factors such as operation history, family history of liver diseases, history of sexually transmitted disease, alcohol in take and history of acupuncture or tatooing were not associated with status of anti-HCV. Conclusion : Prevalence of anti-HCV among Korean adults was 1.8% Age matched prevalence of anti-HCV in Korean adults was higher than the other countries in North Europe or North America, but similar to that of Spain or Japan. Prevalence of anti-HCV was increased with aging. To elucidate the meaning of anti-HCV positivity in these groups, further studies using direct virus detection method or recombinant immunoblot assay are needed.

한국인 간세포암 환자에서 HBsAg 및 anti - HCV 의 발현상

김주현(Ju Hyun Kim),김연수(Yeun Soo Kim),서동진(Dong Jin Suh) 대한내과학회 1994 대한내과학회지 Vol.46 No.2

Obifectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms. Epidemiologic surveys have established that hepatitis B virus (HCV) is a major etiologic factor. It has 1ong been suspected that non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis infection may occasionally lead to HCC, and the development of an assay for antibodies against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) has confirmed that HCV is frequently involved in chronic liver disease and HCC. In western countries and Japan, the prevalence of anti-HCV in patients with HCC was higher than that of HBsAg, which suggested that HCV infection plays a more important etiologic role in the development of HCC. But in South Africa and Taiwan where the prevslence of HBsAg is high, HBsAg was detected more frequently than anti-HCV in patients with HCC. We investigated the prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV in 427 patients with HCC to evaluate etiologic role of HBV and HCV in HCC in Korea where HBV infection is endemic. Methods: The sera which had been collected on admission and stored at -20℃ were tested for HBsAg, HBeAg and AFP, using commercially available RIA kits (Ausria-II, Abbott-HBe and alpha-Feto RIABEAD; Abbott Lab., North Chicago, IL). Anti-HCV was detected by the 2nd generation ELA kit (United Biochemical Inc.). Results: 1) In 427 patients with HCC, 306 cases (71.7%) were positive for HBsAg. 2) Anti-HCV was positive in 20.4% (87/427) of patients with HCC. The positive rate of anti-HCV was significantly higher in HBsAg-oegative patients (42.1%) than in HBsAg-positive ones (11.8%). 3) Considering HBsAg and anti-HCV positivity together, 63.2% of patients with HCC were positive for HBsAg only, 12.0% positive for anti-HCV only and 8.4% positive for both HBsAg and anti-HCV, 16.4% of patients had neither HBsAg nor anti-HCV. 4) Male to female sex ratio of patients with HCC was 4:1 as a whole, and highest prevalence was found in the fifties. However, patients positive for anti-HCV only had relative female preponderance (M:F=2.6:1) than HBsAg-positive patients and highest prevalence was found in the sixties in them. 5) In patients positive for both HBsAg and anti-HCV, 67.6% had serum AFP level greater than 400 ng/ml, while those with neither HBsAg nor anti-HCV tended to have lower AFP and 47.1% had serum AFP level less than 100 ng/ml. Conclusion: It is suggested that HBV is the main etiologic factor of HCC in Korea. However, HCV infection is not uncommon, especially in HRsAg-negative HCC and HCV is considered another risk factor for HCC. HCC patients positive for anti-HCV only tend to be older in age and to have relative female preponderance and lower serum AFP level than HBsAg-positive patients.

각종 간질환에서 C형 간염바이러스 항체 양성율에 관한 연구

심상군 ( Sim Sang Gun ),이재구 ( Lee Jae Gu ),신원호 ( Sin Won Ho ),최진현 ( Choe Jin Hyeon ),이삼철 ( Lee Sam Cheol ),김영채 ( Kim Yeong Chae ),최진학 ( Choe Jin Hag ),하우송 ( Ha U Song ),김선영 ( Kim Seon Yeong ) 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.4

The prevalence of antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was investigated in 218 patients with various liver diseases from May 1989 to July 1990. The presence of anti-HCV was detected by Ortho HCV antibody ELISA test. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Overall, antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) was detected in twenty-eight (12.8%) of 218 patients with various liver diseases. 2) Of twenty-eight anti-HCV-positive cases, eleven (13.3%) of 83 patients with chronic hepatitis. eight (32%) of 25 patents with liver cirrhosis, eight (18.6%) of 13 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. and one (7.1%) of 14 patients with acute hepatitis were positive for anti-HCV. But, none of all 53 HBsAg carriers were anti-HCV positive. 3) In 5 patients with presumed acute NANB hepatitis, who had no IgM anti-HAV, IgM anti-HBc, anti-HDV, & HBsAg, none of them had detectable anti-HCV. Six (15.0%) of 40 patients with chronic NANH hepatitis were positive for anti-HCV. 4) Eleven (16.2%) of 68 HBsAg-negative patients had anti-HCV: six (15.0%) of 40 patients with chronic hepatitis, three (33.3%) of 9 patients with liver cirrhosis, & two (14.3%) of 14 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 5) The prevalence of HBsAg positivity in patients who had anti-HCV was 45.5%(5/11) in patients with chronic hepatitis. 62.5%(5/8) in patients with liver cirrhosis, 75%(6/8) in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, & 100%(1/1) in patient with acute hepatitis. 6) Only five (17.9%) of 28 anti-HCV positive-patients had a history of blood transfusion. Our data show that the prevalence of anti-HCV is low in patients with NANB hepatitis and HBsAg-negative chronic liver diseases in contrast to other reports. And among patients with anti-HCV-positive chronic liver disease, most of them had no discernable history of parenteral exposure.