부산 해양관광콘텐츠의 활용과 변용에 관한 연구-샌프란시스코 해양관광콘텐츠와의 비교를 중심으로-

김남석 부산광역시사편찬위원회 2017 항도부산 Vol.33 No.-

Busan is a port city that represents Korea, and is a tourist town with rich tourism resources. However until now, Busan city's development of tourism and culture content did not reach a satisfactory level. In particular, Busan citizen's shared recognition and development of marine culture content associated directly or indirectly with the sea is demanding overall change. To this end, it is necessary to perform the comparison of the contents of the San Francisco tourism. As a result, it was confirmed that there is a need to develop a bridge and a peer as tourist destination. In addition, it was confirmed that there is a need to pay attention to the maintenance of a terminal as tourist destination. This study tried to analyze three major factors and characteristics of marine cultural contents scattered in Busan based on Kevin Lynch 's image of city. For the first time, 'paths', 'nodes' and 'landmarks' of Kevin Lynch's urban formation elements are the main elements. Busan's marine tourism contents corresponding to these main elements are 'Gwangan Bridge'(bridge), 'Haeundae'(harbor), and 'Passenger Terminal'. Moreover, these factors(main elements) are representative urban images that can bring Busan into a global maritime city. In fact, the number of tourists visiting Busan to see these images is increasing. Nevertheless, it is impossible to ignore the fact that these marine tourism contents of Busan suffered serious problems. Due to the over development and disproportionate use of policies or the abuse of policies, the image of related cities is seriously damaged. The efficient use of tourism contents is being infringed due to lack of insight and responsiveness. In order to solve these limitations and problems, this study first selected San Francisco, which has a similar city image, as a comparison city. Next, the city image of San Francisco was divided by the criteria of Kevin Lynch, and 'Golden Gate Bridge', 'Pier 39' and 'Ferry Building' were extracted and set as individual items in response to Busan and marine tourism contents. Since then, this study has analyzed the current situation of San Francisco and Busan by each factor and tried to present the comparison result as the conclusion. Through these comparative analyzes, this study can see how San Francisco, one of the most successful tourist cities in the world, has utilized marine tourism content and how it has been reorganized as tourism resources. Finally, we could get meaningful implications through comparison with Busan 's marine tourism contents. If we can use these implications wisely, we can expect to make new and significant changes in the utilization and transformation of marine tourism contents in Busan. 부산은 한국을 대표하는 해항도시로, 풍부한 해양문화콘텐츠를 갖춘 천혜의 관광 도시이다. 하지만 부산이 보유한 해양문화콘텐츠의 잠재력과 가능성이 현 시점에서 효율적으로 활용되고 있다거나 완벽하게 관광콘텐츠로 변용되고 있다고는 단정할 수 없다. 특히 바다와 직간접적으로 연관된 해양 문화 콘텐츠의 개발과 이에 대한 공유된 인식은 전면적인 변화를 요구하고 있다. 이를 위해서 샌프란시스코의 관광 콘텐츠와 비교를 수행할 필요가 있었다. 그 결과 다리와 항구를 관광 자원으로 개발할 필요가 있고, 관광 자원으로서의 터미널의 정비에도 주목할 필요가 있다. 이 연구는 부산에 산재하는 해양문화콘텐츠를, 케빈 린치의 도시 형성 요소(image of city) 중 세 가지 요소를 바탕으로 분석하고자 했다. 일단 케빈 린치의 도시 형성 요소 중 ‘통로(paths)’, ‘교차점(nodes)’, ‘랜드마크(landmarks)’는 주요 요소에 해당하는데, 이러한 요소에 각각 대응하는 부산의 해양관광콘텐츠로 ‘광안대교’(대교), ‘부두’(해운대), ‘여객터미널’을 꼽을 수 있겠다. 더구나 이러한 요소들은 부산을 세계적인 해항도시로 부상시킬 수 있는 대표적인 도시 이미지에 해당하며, 실제로도 이러한 이미지를 구경하기 위해 부산을 방문하는 관광객 수는 점차 늘어나는 추세에 있다. 그럼에도 이러한 부산의 이러한 해양관광콘텐츠가 심각한 문제에 봉착한 현실을 외면할 수는 없다. 난개발과 불균형 내지는 정책의 오남용으로 인해 관련 도시 이미지의 훼손이 심각하게 진행되고 있고, 이에 대한 통찰력과 대응력 부족으로 관광콘텐츠로의 효율적 활용(변용)이 오히려 침해받고 있는 상황이다. 본 연구는 이러한 한계와 문제를 해결하기 위해서 우선, 유사한 도시 이미지를 갖추고 있는 샌프란시스코를 비교 대상 도시로 선정했다. 다음으로, 샌프란시스코의 도시 이미지를 케빈 린치의 기준으로 세분하여, ‘골든게이트브릿지’, ‘피어 39’, ‘페리빌딩’을 추출하였고 이를 부산과 해양관광콘텐츠에 대응하여 개별 항목으로 설정했다. 그 이후, 각 요소 별로 샌프란시스코와 부산의 현 상황을 대응하여 분석하고, 그 비교 결과를 연구 결론으로 제시하고자 했다. 이러한 비교 분석을 통해, 세계적인 해항도시 가운데에서도 가장 성공한 관광도시에 속하는 샌프란시스코가 어떻게 해양관광콘텐츠를 활용하고 어떻게 이를 관광 자원으로 재편하고자 했는지를 살펴볼 수 있었다. 그리고 부산의 해양관광콘텐츠와의 비교 작업을 통해 의미 있는 시사점을 도출할 수 있었다. 이러한 시사점을 현명하게 활용할 수 있다면, 부산의 해양관광콘텐츠의 활용과 변용에 관해 새롭고도 중대한 변화를 도모할 수 있을 것으로 전망한다.

부산 해양관광콘텐츠의 활용과 변용에 관한 연구

김남석(kim Nam-seok) 부산광역시사편찬위원회 2017 항도부산 Vol.33 No.-

Busan is a port city that represents Korea, and is a tourist town with rich tourism resources. However until now, Busan city`s development of tourism and culture content did not reach a satisfactory level. In particular, Busan citizen`s shared recognition and development of marine culture content associated directly or indirectly with the sea is demanding overall change. To this end, it is necessary to perform the comparison of the contents of the San Francisco tourism. As a result, it was confirmed that there is a need to develop a bridge and a peer as tourist destination. In addition, it was confirmed that there is a need to pay attention to the maintenance of a terminal as tourist destination. This study tried to analyze three major factors and characteristics of marine cultural contents scattered in Busan based on Kevin Lynch `s image of city. For the first time, `paths`, `nodes` and `landmarks` of Kevin Lynch`s urban formation elements are the main elements. Busan`s marine tourism contents corresponding to these main elements are `Gwangan Bridge`(bridge), `Haeundae`(harbor), and `Passenger Terminal`. Moreover, these factors(main elements) are representative urban images that can bring Busan into a global maritime city. In fact, the number of tourists visiting Busan to see these images is increasing. Nevertheless, it is impossible to ignore the fact that these marine tourism contents of Busan suffered serious problems. Due to the over development and disproportionate use of policies or the abuse of policies, the image of related cities is seriously damaged. The efficient use of tourism contents is being infringed due to lack of insight and responsiveness. In order to solve these limitations and problems, this study first selected San Francisco, which has a similar city image, as a comparison city. Next, the city image of San Francisco was divided by the criteria of Kevin Lynch, and `Golden Gate Bridge`, `Pier 39` and `Ferry Building` were extracted and set as individual items in response to Busan and marine tourism contents. Since then, this study has analyzed the current situation of San Francisco and Busan by each factor and tried to present the comparison result as the conclusion. Through these comparative analyzes, this study can see how San Francisco, one of the most successful tourist cities in the world, has utilized marine tourism content and how it has been reorganized as tourism resources. Finally, we could get meaningful implications through comparison with Busan `s marine tourism contents. If we can use these implications wisely, we can expect to make new and significant changes in the utilization and transformation of marine tourism contents in Busan.

전남관광의 신 패러다임 M 투어리즘 연구

김용완 ( Kim Yong-wan ),이웅규 ( Lee Woong-kyu ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2016 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.28 No.2

This study deals with the new paradigm of M Toruism in Jeonnam Tourism. The challenge was undertaken to imagine a new paradigm for Jeonnam tourism. This study is a basis for discussion. Only after a broad discussion between both proponents and oppositions takes place and a conclusion that tourism can lead to great achievements is made, can we harmonize Jeonnam tourism and Nature. Thus, an openness and a deep belief that tourism can live up to everyone’s best intentions are needed in order to regain its evolutionary path while generating jobs and strengthening a rich culture and tradition. In order to accomplish this mission and provide a perception that can lead to a strategic investment, tourists need to be directly involved in the territorial economic and social innovation system, such as alternative mobility projects, info-telematic highways, edutainment(education and entertainment) within museums and research centers, and local family policies example of national best practices. Improving a territorial brand starts from the quality of life offered to local communities, passes through relevant and surrounded experiences provided to tourists and aims to attract intelligences, energies and investments thanks to the uniqueness the system is able to show. What is called “M tourism” should improve and promote even what is not recognised to be part of its chain. Jeonnam tourism policy developments pass through the following themes: a. Stop Tourism, b. Movement tourism.

공간구문론을 이용한 감천문화마을 관광경로 재구성 연구

권태일 ( Kweon Tae-ill ) (사)한국마이스관광학회(구 한국컨벤션학회) 2018 MICE관광연구 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze problems of the existing tourism paths in Gamcheon Culture Village and suggest alternative paths. Space Syntax analysis showed that the location of the existing tourism paths have been set inappropriately which may cause serious problems(i.e., limited accessibility and visibility of landscape for tourists, a violation of residents privacy, a loud noise by tourists, etc). Based on the findings, the present study suggested using three space syntax indexes such as the global integration, local integration, and intelligibility. The first path focuses on good accessibility and wide visibility with high value of Global Integration, Local Integration, and Intelligibility. The second path highlights direct experiences of dense housing cluster space along with good indexes. Finally, the third alternative path stresses on the maximum use of facilities in the existing tourism paths.

The Upgrading Paths of Chinese Tourism Enterprises from the View of Global Value

Tian Lei,Sun Fengzhi,Zhang Zongbin 대한경영학회 2016 대한경영학회 학술발표대회 발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.1

Locating in the low-end links in the global value chain, Chinese tourism enterprises need to upgrade urgently. Utilizing the industry upgrading analysis framework based on tourism global value chain, the paper analyses the obstacles and paths which Chinese tourism enterprises inserting into global value chain face, and puts forward three kinds of upgrading paths. It then gives some policy suggestions.

DMZ 일원지역에 대한 관광정책 변동의 경로의존성 분석

정광균(Chung, Kwang-Kyun),김남조(Kim Nam-Jo) 한양대학교 관광연구소 2021 觀光硏究論叢 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 내국인의 DMZ 판문점 방문이 시작된 1980년 1월 이후 약 40년간 DMZ 일원지역에 대한 우리나라 역대 정부의 관광정책 변동과정을 역사적 제도주의의 경로의존성 이론을 중심으로 분석하는 것이다. 연구 방법은 Yin의 사례연구법을 적용하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 경로 형성단계(1980년대 초∼1990년대말)의 초기 제도형성과정은 ‘동·서 데탕트’와 ‘냉전 체제의 붕괴’라는 ‘역사적 우연성’이 ‘결정적 국면’으로 작용되어 급변하였으나. 20년간 4차례의 보수정권하에서 제도변화의 과정은 점진적이었으며, 제도변화의 방향은 안보 관광 중심으로 이루어졌다. 둘째, 경로 확장단계(1990년 대말∼2000년대 말)의 초기 제도형성과정은 ‘IMF 금융위기’라는 ‘역사적 우연성’이 ‘결정적 국면’으로 작용되어 급변하였으나. 2차례의 진보정권하에서 10년간에 걸친 제도변화 과정은 점진적이었으며, 제도변화의 방향은 2000년「접경지역 지원법」의 제정을 계기로 안보 관광 중심에서 평화, 생태관광으로 확장되었다. 셋째, 경로 강화단계(2000년대 말∼2010년대 말)의 초기 제도형성과정은 완만하였으나. 3개 정부하에서 10여 년간에 걸친 제도변화의 과정은 점진적이었으며, 제도변화의 방향은 2011년「접경지역 지원 특별법」으로의 격상, 자기 강화적 및 반응적 전개를 통해 생태, 평화, 안보, 역사·문화 관광 등으로 확대, 연계 및 패턴화되었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the past Korean governments’ tourism policy changes of the DMZ region since domestic tourists’ visit to DMZ Panmunjom started in January 1980, based on the path dependency theory of the historical institutionalism. The research was conducted using Yin’s case study method. The results of analysis showed that firstly, the initial institutional formation process of the path formative phase(early 1980s to late 1990s) changed rapidly due to the ‘historical coincidences’ such as the East-West Detente and the collapse of the Cold War regime, acting as ‘critical junctures.’ Yet, the process of institutional changes under four conservative regimes over 20 years has been gradual, and the course of institutional change has been centered on security tourism.. Secondly, the financial crisis of 1997, another historical coincidence, acted as the ‘critical juncture’ to rapidly transform the initial institutional formation process of the path extensional phase (late 1990s to late 2000s). Despite this, under the two liberal administrations, the 10 year process of institutional changes was gradual, and the course of the change expanded from security tourism to ecological and peace tourism, after the enactment of the Border Area Support Act in 2000.. Thirdly, the initial institutional formation process of the path consolidation phase (late 2000s to late 2010s) was done gradually. Under the three administrations, the process of institutional change over a decade or so has been gradual. With the elevation of ‘the Border Area Support Act’ to ‘the Special Act on Support for Border Area in 2011, the institutional changes made a turn. The tourism policy of the DMZ region was extended, connected, and patterned to ecological, peace, security, historical-cultural tourism., through a self-reinforcing sequence and reactive sequence.

Study on the Current Situation and Optimisation Path of Hainan’s International Medical Tourism Development in the Context of International Free Trade Port Construction

Huihui Kang,Ping Xu,Qin Zhou,Lu Yang,Yunhu Si,Zhonglin Zhou,Cai Ren,Baichao Xu 아시아건강운동학회 2023 Journal of Asian Society for Health & Exercise Vol.5 No.2

Adopting the methods of literature and field research to systematically sort out the advanced experience of developed countries in international medical tourism, analyse the advantages and shortcomings of Hainan’s international medical tourism in the context of the construction of free trade port, so as to clarify the optimization path of Hainan’s international medical tourism. It is believed that: the ecological and policy advantages of Hainan’s international medical tourism are obvious, but the core level of medical technology and service mode still need to be improved and perfected, and the development process has a long way to go. In the face of the development dilemma, we should learn from the development experience of international medical tourism powerhouse, play the advantages of Hainan free trade port, strengthen the brand promotion and create top professional medical team, set up Chinese medicine health, reproductive assisted technology and other speciality specialties, the establishment of medical tourism referral system to speed up the cultivation of the local medical tourism industry composite talent training, and then gradually build a perfect Hainan international medical tourism system.

Role of Pedestrian Paths in Urban Tourism Development

Hassan Esmaeilzadeh,Reza Kanooni 한국문화관광학회 2015 문화관광연구 Vol.17 No.2

Today, revival of civic life and public spaces has become a significant issue in urban planning.One of these public spaces is pedestrian pathways that not only have changed the physical aspects of urban centers. On the other hand, it has also created modern changes in improving the quality of urban life and social behavior. In addition, these pavements can attract more urban tourists and improve the quality of urban spaces, increase the economic prosperity of the city, and strengthen social behavior and the like. Thepresent paper attempted to analyze the importance of Pedestrian paths in urban life, tourist attract tourists and urban tourism boom, and to showthe effects of making Pedestrian pathways on urban life and urban tourism. The results represented the positive economic, social, and environmental effects of implementing pathways. This importance of these pathways in attracting urban tourists has already been proved by a great deal of experience gained on implementation of road in Iran and all over the world.

경로분석을 통한 농촌관광사업 평가 척도의 타당성 분석

박호균(Ho Kyoun Park),이성우(Seong Woo Lee),박지영(Ji Young Park) 한국농촌사회학회 2002 農村社會 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 정부가 농외소득증대 정책의 일환으로 1980년대 중반부터 시행해온 한국관광농원개발사업을 분석하고, 사업의 지속성 여부에 따른 존속 여부의 원인과 경과 및 시사점을 밝혀 바람직한 미래 농촌관광의 토대로 삼는 것을 주요 목적으로 하고 있다. 본 연구의 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 경로분석을 통한 간접효과의 측정에 있어서 특색성은 투자수익에 부(-)의 효과를 주지만 시설물이나 자연경관과 지역적 특색은 매출증가에는 정(+)의 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이 결과는 관광농원이 지니고 있는 양면성을 그대로 보여주는데, 시설투자와 경관유지를 통해 관광매력을 생산해야 한다는 사실과, 생산자의 생산 및 비용함수가 투입 생산요소들만의 함수가 아니라는 것을 동시에 보여주고 있다. 경제적 지속성을 결정하는 변인들 중, 상환능력, 호당소득, 농산물 판매액, 등이 직접효과와 간접효과를 통해 경영평가에 중요하게 작용한다는 것이 드러났다. 시설물, 농촌체험, 입식면적, 입식 다양성 등과 같이 환경적 지속가능성을 결정하거나 관광농원의 매력(attraction)을 구성하는 변인들은 직-간접적 효과를 통해 관광농원의 지속가능성에 중요하게 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 입식특색성은 투자수익에는 부(-)로 영향을 주어 간접효과는 (-)이지만 직접효과는 정(+)으로 경영평가에 영향을 주었으나, 입지조건이나 기타 변인들은 비교적 관광농원의 지속가능성에 큰 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구에 따른 정책적 시사점은 다음과 같은 2가지로 요약된다. 첫째, 관광농원 사업지침 효율성 평가를 통해 밝혀진 문제점 제시로 기타 농림부 사업 평가에 필요한 새로운 평가지침이 마련될 필요가 있다. 최초 농림부 내부에서 논의된 최초의 지표 및 지침들에 대한 평가의 결과는 농림부가 시행한 관관농원의 평가척도가 관광농원의 지속성여부를 효율적으로 측정하지 못하고 있는 것으로 드러났기 때문이다. 둘째, 추후 실시될 농림부사업에 대한 평가지침에서는 본 연구에서 밝혀진 변인들에 대한 비중이 감안될 필요가 있다. 이러한 적용은 실증분석을 통해 기 실시된 사업의 타당성을 분석했다는 측면에서 농림부 농촌개발사업의 효율적인 사업수행으로 귀결될 수 있으리라 기대된다. The main purpose of study is to investigate the Korean Tourist Farm Project developed by MAF(Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry) as one of means of supporting and diversifying the rural economy since 1984, for the clarification of policy implications in the past performance as well as in the future rural tourism. The phenomenon of losing sustainability by tourist farm is studied in order to justify the public sector intervention in the rural tourism market. Data of tourist farms from 1999 to 2001 were collected to analyze the sustainability with a path model. While there were 407 tourist farms in 1996, the sustainability was lost in many tourist farms and only 222 tourist farms remained in 2001. The result showed the variables such as the number of farms, income, uniqueness, promotion. and credit, diversity, attractions, and profitability are statistically significant for determining the sustainability. The result also supports the arguments that community involvement, rural amenity enhancement through public sector intervention are critical for the sustainability of rural tourist farms. The government support should be directed to activities with public good nature such as promotion, training, network establishment, information system network, rather than financial provision for individual entrepreneurs. The present study concluded that rural tourism should be regarded as socially beneficial not only for rural community but also for urban people, on the ground of multi-functionality and public good nature of agriculture.

해역네트워크의 관점에서 본 청산도 슬로관광

곽수경(Kwak, Su-Kyoung) 동북아시아문화학회 2020 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.62

If a certain area on the sea is called a sea region, the islands, the coast, and even the inland, which are connected and influential to it can be called the Sea Region Network. Recently, the island has attracted attention like a marine territory, a treasure trove of resources, and a fascinating tourist spot. In particular, as people’s leisure styles diversify and demand island travel increases, links with land are also increasing. A typical example is Cheongsando island located in Wando. Cheongsando island, located at the southernmost tip of Dadohae, requires a one-hour boat ride from Wando port and is less accessible. However, it continued to publicize the Cheongsando island by making natural resources such as natural beauty, Gudeuljangnon (Gudeuljangnon; paddy field is imitative of Korean floor heating system), Chobun(Chobun; cover the body with grass to make a tomb, leave it for a year or three, and bury the bone again), and Haenyeo (Haenyeo; female diver) as common assets and putting beautiful natural scenery in video works. It was also recognized as Asia"s first Slow City, drawing attention from people on land. It succeeded in creating a network with land by creating a Slow Path, holding a Slow Walking Festival and bringing them in. In this regard, this manuscript focused on Slow Tourism in Cheongsando island from the perspective of the Sea Region Network that leads to the island-sea-land. In other words, Cheongsando island is recognized as a Slow City and has created a Slow Path, and the Slow Walking Festival is attracting land people to Cheongsando island. These three elements, combined under the theme of “Slow,” are viewed as a direct means of forming and operating a network with land, while constructing Slow Tourism. Their meanings and roles, problems, and improvement plans were analyzed and their sustainability was sought.