Preliminary Study of Gender-Based Brain Lateralization Using Multi-Channel Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Zephaniah Phillips V,김재관,Evgenii Kim 한국광학회 2015 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.19 No.3

It has been thought that males tend to use their brain hemispheres more laterally than females. However,recent fMRI studies have shown that there may be no difference in brain lateralization between genders. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) presents a unique opportunity to acquire real timemeasurements of blood oxygenation changes to observe neural activity specific to the brain’s left and righthemispheres. Using an in-house built multichannel fNIRS system, brain lateralization was observed fromseven males and four females according to specially designed tasks for left and right hemisphere activation. The Pearson correlation coefficient and a modified Lateralization Index metric for continuous wave fNIRSsystems were calculated to quantify brain lateralization. The preliminary results point to no significantdifference in lateral hemodynamic changes between the genders. However, the correlation of symmetricalchannel pairs decreased as the experiments progressed. To further develop this study, the subject’s performanceand the removal of global interference must be implemented for an improved study of brain lateralization

뇌 기능 분화와 창의성과의 관계 연구

송규운 서울神學大學校 2005 교수논총 = (A)collection of treatises Vol.17 No.-

The subjects of the research were students in grade 5 and kindergarten. The first purpose of the following research was to find the development of the brain function among those of various age and sex. The second purpose is to recognize the interrelationship between the differences in development of creative thinking, the separation of brain functions and creativity. More specifically, this research includes the kinds of relationships present in subordinate compositions. Hypotheses 1. The left and right brain's achievement level will differ by sex. Hypotheses 2. The achievement level of the right and left brain will differ by age. Hypotheses 3. The development of creative thinking will differ by sex. Hypotheses 4. The development of creative thinking will defer by age. Hypothesis 5. What is the relationship between Lateralization and creativity? Considering the major findings, our research can be summarized in this final conclusion. First, the male's left brain achievement level was slightly higher than the female's, while the female's right brain achievement level was higher than the male's. However, both conclusions have weak statistical support. Second, the relationships of the Elaboration and the right brain are significantly strong as are the relationships between the achievement level of lateralization and creativity (p < 0.05). The whole brain function and the achievement level of lateralization and the creativity also show a strong relationship (p < 0.01). Third, the relationships of the Fluency and the achievement level function are statistically strong (p < 0.05). The relationships between the Originality and the achievement level also showed meaningful results (p < 0.01).

뇌의 균형적 발달을 위한 무용교육 효과연구

서연수,김운미 한양대학교 우리춤연구소 2018 우리춤과 과학기술 Vol.14 No.2

This research is for verifying that dance education impacts on development balanced on left and right brain and is aimed at investigating the effect through brain waves tested before and after dance education. For this research, 6 males and 4 females, 10 members in total non-majored of H university in Seoul have got dance education fourteen times for 90m each for two weeks. Through brain waves tested before and after the education, functional analysis of the brain had been measured and the gathered data was analysed by program SPSS 12.0. In order to find out their brain propensities, average standard deviation was analysed. In order to examine the difference of the impact between test before and test after, verification of average gap was calculated through independent side, t-test. By this process, it is concluded as follows. 1. The conclusion of this test, there was meaningful difference on index balanced of left and right brain. This means that we can say dance education positively affects development on both side of the brain. 2. There was meaningful difference on synchronicity on index balanced of left and right brain. Concerning index symmetry, it was increased but there was not meaningful. 3. The deviation of index balanced of left and right brain was measured low. It had also meaningful difference. As a result, this study is confirmed that dance education is effective mediation on growing brain functions and on development balanced for left and right. I think this research make having an opportunity to suggest importance of dance education more scientifically. In addition, I expect dance education program is empirically getting vitalized through educational and scientifical study.

뇌 기능 분화에 기반한 공업계 고등학교 전기회로 교과서 내용의 분석

은태욱,김진수 한국기술교육학회 2008 한국기술교육학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Learning is formed according to cerebration, and ultimate object in learning is to improve cerebration. so that, learning activity has to be developed effective learning progress based on the Brain Hemispheric Lateralization. Teaching plan is considered each learner's cerebration as well as subject contents. The purpose of this study is that teaching plan based on the Brain Hemispheric Lateralization offer subject contents being fitted learner's Whole-brain thinking through an inclination of learner's differing functions of the left and right sides of the brain, and complements inclined celebration to diverse learners. This study contents is to divide Electric-Circuit subjects contents which is basic subjects of industrial subjects into 'Knowledge', 'Design', and 'Activity', and to divide textbook's contents into the left and right sides of the celebration. The result of analysis is that Electric-Circuit subjects contents is inclined the left sides of the celebration. so teaching plan is need to complement subjects contents of whole-brain thinking. 학습은 두뇌 기능의 작용에 의해서 이루어지며 학습의 궁극적 목표는 두뇌 기능의 향상에 있다. 그러므로 학습 활동에 있어서 각각의 뇌 기능에 기반한 효과적인 학습 과정이 전개되어야 한다. 이는 교과 내용에서 뿐만 아니라 학습자 개개인의 성향을 고려한 수업의 필요성이 제기된다. 이러한 필요성에 따라 본 연구에서는 뇌 기능 분화에 기반한 공업계 고등학교 전기 · 전자 · 통신 교과의 기초기본 과목인 전기회로 내용을 크게 지식, 설계, 활동으로 나누어 좌뇌적 측면과 우뇌적 측면으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 상당 부분이 좌뇌적 측면으로 치우쳐져 있었으며 내용 부분은 지식 영역이 다수를 차지하였다. 따라서 학습자의 다양한 학습 특성을 고려한 각각의 뇌 성향을 서로 보완할 수 있는 수업방안의 필요성이 제기되었다.

뇌선호도와 창의적 아이디어 발상법과의 상관관계 -언어적 발상법과 시각적 발상법을 중심으로-

조정화 ( Jeong Hwa Cho ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2012 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.41 No.-

디자인 과정에서 창의적인 아이디어 발상은 매우 중요하다. 그런데 발상을 수행 하는 학습자들은 각기 다른 인지적 기능과 서로 다른 성향을 가지고 있기 때문에 동일한 교수법이나 학습 자료도 학습자들의 이해 정도는 상이하게 나타난다. 그렇기 때문에 디자인 발상 증진을 위해서는 학습 구성원들의 성향 분석을 통한 수행이 요구된다. 그런데도 불구하고 디자인분야에서는 이와 관련된 선행연구들이 이루어지고 있지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 그러한 모색 중의 하나로 뇌선호도와 발상법과의 상관관계를 밝히고자 했다. 이를 위해 창의적인 아이디어 발상은 서로 다른 두 가지 즉, 언어적 발상법과 시각적 발상법을 통한 실험과 창의성 평가 및 BPI 검사를 실시했다. 그 결과 뇌선호도에 따라 좌뇌는 언어적 발상법이 효율성이 높을 것으로 추론되며 우뇌는 시각적 발상법이 효율성이 높을 가능성이 나타났다. The design process from creative idea generation is very important. Because learners to perform the idea have different cognitive functions and different tendencies, the same teaching methods and learning materials, learners` level of understanding is different. Therefore, in order to promote of the design ideas, the analysis of the propensity of members is required to perform .But in the field of design, its related studies is not being made. This study, one of those seeking, reveals the correlation of the Idea method and the preference of the brain. For this purpose, experimentation and creativity evaluation, BPI (Brain Preference Indicater: BPI) tests through two different Visual Idea method and linguistic Idea method were conducted . As a result, according to brain affinity, left brain showed higher efficiency in linguistic Idea method than visual Idea method and right brain showd higher efficiency in visual Idea method.

Homogeneity Analysis for the SMR Brainwave by the Functional Lateralization of the Brain Based on the Science Learning Methods

권형규,조장식 한국데이터정보과학회 2007 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of the functional lateralization of the brain variables related to the sex, the scientific attitude and the scientific exploration skills. The science instruction is divided in each type of the lecturing class with the experiment class. As for the degree of SMR brainwave activation in each stage are presented while accumulating the brain waves from the right, left and the whole brain waves are analyzed during the science learning activities. It is therefore reasonable to consider the science instruction types and brain lateralization to enhance the science learning effectiveness. Sensorimotor rhythm brainwave as the low Beta is represented well to show the thought process. Category quantification scores and objective scores are calculated to show the visual positioning map for the relationships of the categories by homogeneity analysis.

Association between brain lateralization and mixing ability of chewing side

Lee, Seung-Min,Oh, Sewoong,Yu, Sung Jin,Lee, Kyung-Min,Son, Sung-Ae,Kwon, Young Hoon,Kim, Yong-Il Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of 2017 Journal of Dental Sciences Vol.12 No.2

<P><B>Background/purpose</B></P><P>Previous studies have suggested that functional dominance in one part of the body can be correlated with functional dominance in another part. Thus, the present research aimed to determine whether brain laterality (handedness, footedness, earedness, and eyedness) was related to mixing ability and chewing side preference.</P><P><B>Materials and methods</B></P><P>Fifty-four volunteers who were not undergoing any form of dental treatment took part in this study. Self-defined brain laterality was determined through a questionnaire. The volunteers performed five tasks related to brain laterality, which was identified by the side used to perform three or more of the five tasks. Chewing side preference was determined by observing the main gum location on the occlusal area when volunteers chewed for 30 strokes. Mixing Ability Index (MAI) was measured by analyzing the degree of mixing of two differently colored waxes (height, 3 mm; diameter, 20 mm). Occlusion contact area was measured by taking the maximum intercuspation bite with polysiloxane.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Thirty-nine volunteers (72%) showed significant agreement between brain dominance and chewing preference side. The association between brain dominance and MAI was not significant. The occlusal contact area of the dominant side (mean = 48.2 mm<SUP>2</SUP>) was significantly wider than that of the nondominant side (25.7 mm<SUP>2</SUP>).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Brain laterality can be explained by the side of functional (preference of the hands, eyes, ears, and feet, and survey) has a positive correlation with chewing preference side. MAI between the brain dominant and nondominant sides was not significant. This shows that mastication efficiency does not differ between dominant and nondominant sides. So, this study suggests that brain dominance is correlated with chewing preference, but it does not affect efficiency of mastication.</P>

창의적 사고 과정에서 나타나는 영재아의 두뇌 편측화

권석원(Kwon, Suk-Won) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2016 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.16 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 창의적 사고 과정시 나타나는 영재아의 두뇌 편측화 경향성을 파악하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 사용된 과제는 인지심리검사 중 문제해결과제로 잘 알려진 하노이탑 과제와 레이븐도형점진행렬검사를 사용하였다. 영재아 12명, 일반 아 12명을 선발하였으며, 과제 수행 간 측정된 뇌파를 통해 sLORETA 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 영재아 그룹에서 알파 1, 베타 1 대역과 감마 대역 활성이 주로 우반구의 기능적 편측화(Lateralization)로 나타나는 경향성이 관찰되었고, 이는 창의적 사고 과정에서 나타나는 영재아의 대표적 특성 중 하나라 할 수 있다. 또한, 이러한 특성은 일반아와 유동지능에서의 차이를 나타내며, 창의적 과제 수행 시 우측 전두-측두-두정 경로의 사용은 일반아와는 다른 영재아 만의 독특한 특성을 반영한 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과는 영재 판별 및 일반아를 위한 교수전략 마련의 신경생리적 근거를 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to identify brain lateralization of Gifted Children in Creative Thinking Process. We recorded EEG(tower of Hanoi, Raven s Progressive Matrices test) from 12(gifted group) and 12(normal group), 6th elementary school volunteers and analyzed by the sLORETA software. As a result of research, we observed a functional lateralization at right hemisphere and using the right fronto-temporo-parietal pathway of gifted group in creative thinking process(alpha 1, beta 1, and gamma range). This result is one of the typical characteristics of gifted children appear in the creative thinking process. It is considered to be a result of reflecting the high fluid intelligence of gifted children during creative problem solving. The results of this study provide a neurophysiological base of discrimination for gifted and teaching strategies for normal children.

Homogeneity Analysis for the SMR Brainwave by the Functional Lateralization of the Brain Based on the Science Learning Methods

Kwon, Hyung-Kyu,Cho, Jang-Sik 한국데이터정보과학회 2007 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of the functional lateralization of the brain variables related to the sex, the scientific attitude and the scientific exploration skills. The science instruction is divided in each type of the lecturing class with the experiment class. As for the degree of SMR brainwave activation in each stage are presented while accumulating the brain waves from the right, left and the whole brain waves are analyzed during the science learning activities. It is therefore reasonable to consider the science instruction types and brain lateralization to enhance the science learning effectiveness. Sensorimotor rhythm brainwave as the low Beta is represented well to show the thought process. Category quantification scores and objective scores are calculated to show the visual positioning map for the relationships of the categories by homogeneity analysis.

뇌손상의 심각도와 뇌병변의 편재화가 외상성 뇌손상 환자의 인지기능에 미치는 영향

곽은희,오경자 한국임상심리학회 2012 Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol.31 No.1

The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of injury severity and lateralization of lesion for cognitive deficits following severe traumatic brain injury(TBI) while controlling for the effects of time postinjury and demographic variables. Patient demographics, injury severity, lateralization of lesion, time postinjury and neuropsychological test results were collected prospectively from 92 patients aged 16-60 years diagnosed with severe closed head injury. Nine cognitive functions(Verbal IQ(VIQ), Performance IQ(PIQ), Full Scale IQ(FSIQ), Memory Quotient(MQ), confrontational naming, complex construction, nonverbal eductive ability, freedom from distractibility and psychomotor speed) were analyzed. Injury severity had strong prognostic value for PIQ, MQ and complex construction but was not significantly related to VIQ, confrontational naming and freedom from distractibility. Lateralization of lesion had a significant impact on PIQ, MQ, nonverbal eductive ability and complex construction. There were implications of cognitive profiles specific to lateralization of lesion. The results suggest that especially memory and construction ability related to frontal lobe may be good indices of injury severity and lateralization of lesion. The findings of this study supply information about the important risk factors and dominant cognitive deficits of severe TBI that warrant attention from clinicians.