뿌리 스트레스를 유발하는 agar농도에 따른 Kalanchoe pinnata의 체세포 배 형성 변화

박종범,김진석,김동균,Park, Jongbum,Kim, Jin-Seok,Kim, Donggiun 한국식물생명공학회 2017 식물생명공학회지 Vol.44 No.3

현대적인 농업기계발달과 그에 따른 집약농업 발달은 토양압축을 야기하고 뿌리에 압박 스트레스를 가하여 생육을 저하시킨다. 뿌리에 압박스트레스를 작용하여 식물 생장발육에 영향과 생식의 변화 양상을 연구하기 위해 Kalanchoe pinnata를 사용하였다. K. pinnata는 잎의 가장자리에서 무성생식이 가능한 체세포 배를 형성하는 것으로 알려져 왔다. Kalanchoe pinnata의 뿌리 압박 효과를 고농도 agar 농도를 사용하여 외부 스트레스 요인에 따른 체세포 배 형성 및 기관분화 경향의 변화를 관찰하고 이러한 현상을 조직학적으로 연구 하였다. 스트레스 요인으로 배양배지에서 agar의 농도를 0.5%에서 1.5%까지의 범위로 조성하여 뿌리에 압박효과를 야기하였고, 이후 K. pinnata의 줄기와 잎 등을 microtechnique 방법으로 조직의 변화를 연구하였다. In vivo에서 K. pinnata는 수분부족 및 과도한 광조건에 의해 잎 가장자리에서 $2^{nd}$, $3^{rd}$ plantlet이 생성이 되는 것을 확인하였다. 기내배양 연구에서 agar의 농도가 낮을수록 개체 수의 증가 및 생체량의 증가가 빠르지만 잎 만곡부에서 plantlet의 발생은 나타나지 않는 경향을 나타냈다. 반면에 agar의 농도가 증가할수록 개체수의 증가가 낮은 경향을 나타났다. 또한 agar 1.5%의 배지에서만 잎에서 plantlet 발생현상이 나타났다. Agar 농도의 차이는 K. pinnata의 뿌리에 스트레스 요인으로 작용하여 무성생식의 양상이 뿌리에서 포기 나누기 방법에서 잎에서 소식물체 형성으로 변화하는 경향을 나타났다. 이는 뿌리 압박 효과가 스트레스로 작용하여 식물 생식 양상을 변화 시킬 수 있게 되는 것으로 사료된다. Development of modern agricultural machinery and accompanying agricultural development cause soil compaction and reduce growth by stressing roots. Kalanchoe pinnata was used to investigate the impact of stress on rooting and changes in plant growth and reproduction. K. pinnata forms somatic embryos capable of asexual reproduction at the edge of leaves. Impact of root pressurization of K. pinnata on somatic embryogenesis and organ differentiation according to external stress factors was investigated by using a high concentration of agar and this phenomenon was studied histologically. Agar concentration in culture media ranged from 0.5%-1.5% to induce a compression effect on roots. The stem and leaf of K. pinnata were subjected to a microtechnique process to study changes in tissue. In vivo, K. pinnata produced 2nd and 3rd plantlets at edges of leaves from lack of water and excessive lighting conditions. In in vitro culture studies, the lower the concentration of agar, the higher the population and the higher the biomass, but plantlet did not occur in leaf bends. Conversely, as concentration of agar increased, increase in the number of individuals was low. Plantlet development occurred only in agar 1.5% medium. The difference in agar concentration was a stressor in the root of K. pinnata, and thus the pattern of asexual reproduction changed from the division method in root to a plantlet generation in leaf. This suggests root pressurization may act as stress and change in the plant reproduction pattern.

Agar를 분해하는 swarming 박테리아 균주의 특성과 동정

Sung Wan Kang(강성완),Ah Young Yoo(유아영),Jong Earn Yu(유종언),Ho Young Kang(강호영) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.2

환경에서 분리된 CK214 균주는 1.5% (w/v) agar가 포함되어 있는 LB 평판배지에서 빠르게 이동하는 특징을 가지며, agar 고체평판배지 위의 CK214 균주의 집락 주위로 움푹한 투명환이 관찰되었다. 이 균주는 단일 탄소원으로 agar만이 첨가된 최소 배지에서 잘 자랐으며, DNS 법을 이용하여 CK214 균주의 외부추출성분이 agar 분해활성을 가진다는 것을 확인하였다. CK214 균주는 다양한 농도의 agar (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 2.0% w/v)가 포함된 고체평판배지에서 swarming 운동을 하였다. CK214 균주를 동정하기 위해 그람염색과 현미경 관찰, 생화학적 분석(API), 16S rRNA 염기서열분석에 기초한 계통발생학적 분석을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 CK214 균주는 그람 양성의 간균으로, Paenibacillus 속에 포함되었으며 Paenibacillus lactis MB 2035와 가장 가까운 연관성을 보이는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 CK214 균주는 agar 고체표면에서 주모성의 편모를 형성하는 것을 투과 전자 현미경(TEM)을 통해 관찰하였다. CK214 균주의 agarase 활성과 운동성의 연관성에 관한 앞으로의 연구를 위해 transposon random mutagenesis에 의한 agar 분해활성 결손 돌연변이주를 구축하였다. A bacterial strain, CK214, exhibiting high motility on an LB agar (1.5%, w/v) surface was isolated from the environment. The formation of unusual agar shrinking around colonies on agar plates was observed. The strain grew on minimal media containing pure agar as a sole carbon source. The cell-free culture supernatant of CK214 generated a reduced form of sugar in the in vitro reaction with the use of pure agar as a substrate, suggesting the secretion of an agar-degrading enzyme. The CK214 strain showed swarming motility on the solid media containing a wide range of concentrations of agar (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% w/v). Various tests, including Gram staining, API analysis, and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences identified that the CK214 strain was a G(+) rod-shaped bacterium grouped in genus Paenibacillus. Electron microscopic analysis demonstrated that the P. CK214 strain is peritrichously flagellated. Through transposon random mutagenesis, several agar-degrading activity defective mutants (ADMs) were generated. These mutants will be used in the future experimentation for the study of the correlation between agar-degrading activity and motility.

경도가 동일한 한천 및 젤라틴 젤의 이화학적 특성 비교

류지나 ( Ji Na Ryu ),정준호 ( Jun Ho Jung ),이수용 ( Su Yong Lee ),고상훈 ( Sang Hoon Ko ) 한국산업식품공학회 2012 산업 식품공학 Vol.16 No.1

In this study, the physicochemical properties of gelatin and agar gels with similar hardness were compared in order to determine the potential of agar-based gelatin substitute. Gel was prepared by adding 60 g sugar to 150 mL distilled water and subsequently gelatin or agar was added. Gelatin and agar concentrations used were 12 and 2 g/mL, respectively, for uniform hardness. Gelatin and agar gels showed no significant hardness values which were 22.36 and 22.80, respectively. The pH values of gelatin and agar gels formed were 8.17 and 7.05, respectively. Agar gel (14.13oBx) was slightly higher in sugar content than gelatin gel (12.97oBx). The brightness of gelatin gel surface was brighter than that of agar gel surface. The adhesiveness, cohesiveness and chewiness of gelatin gel were higher than those of agar gel. Gelatin showed 100% water holding capacity while agar gel possessed relatively low water holding capacity (98.57%) which was likely due to the low concentration of agar for gel preparation compared to the gelatin gel. The stress relaxation time of agar gel was 2.54 s whereas that of gelatin gel was not measurable due to long time constraint. In conclusion, this study is useful in the development of agar-based gelatin substitutes which are preferred for low-calorie and vegetarian food products.

제주도방언의 해조류 관련 어휘1) 연구 -미역, 우뭇가사리, 톳, 모자반을 대상으로

김순자 ( Soon Ja Kim ) 영주어문학회 2015 영주어문 Vol.29 No.-

이 글은 제주의 바다식물 가운데 미역, 우뭇가사리, 톳, 모자반 등 네 개의 해조류 관련 방언 어휘를 현지조사와 문헌조사 자료를 바탕으로 명칭과 종류, 바다 밭,채취 도구, 채취 행위, 운반, 건조 등 6개 분야로 범주화하여 고찰한 논문이다.논의 결과, 제주에서는 지역에 따라 ‘미역’을 ‘미역ㆍ메역ㆍ머역’, ‘우뭇가사리’는 ‘우미ㆍ한천ㆍ천초ㆍ천추’, ‘톳’은 ‘톳ㆍ톨ㆍ톳 물ㆍ톨 물’, ‘모자반’은 ‘.ㆍ.음ㆍ.망ㆍ.짱’으로 분화해 나타난다. 분야별로 보면, 미역의 경우는 서식 환경에 따라 ‘돌메역’, ‘물메역’, ‘줄메역’ 등으로 나뉘고, 종류에 따라서도 ‘우뭇가사리’는 ‘.우미, 개우미, 광추우미, 청우미’, ‘모자반’은 ‘.., 쥐., 노랑., 갑씰., 고직.’ 등으로 다양하게 분화하고 있다. ‘톳’의 경우는 크기와 모양에 따른 명칭으로 어린 톳을 칭하는 ‘봉당톨’이 조사되었다.채취물에 따른 사용 도구 명칭도 달랐다. 잠녀들이 바다 속에 들어가 미역 따위를 채취하는 도구를 ‘메역호미’ 또는 ‘정게호미’라 부르고, 베어놓은 모자반 등을 건질 때는 ‘공젱이’와 ‘갈쿵이’ 등을 사용하였다. 채취 행위 관련 어휘도 바닷물 속에 들어가 미역이나 우뭇가사리를 채취할 때는 ‘.물다’라 하는데, 조간대에서 낫으로 ‘톳’을 벨 때는 ‘비다(베다)’, 조간대에서 손으로 우뭇가사리를 채취할 때는 ‘매다’라고 하였다. 채취 시기와 관련해서는, 미역을 ‘조곽메역’, ‘만곽메역’으로 나눠 부르던 것을 ‘우뭇가사리’에 적용이 옮겨져 처음 채취한 우뭇가사리를 ‘조곽우미’라고 하고 있다. ‘조곽-’은 처음 채취한 고사리에도 적용되어 ‘조곽고사리’처럼 그 의미가 확장되어 사용되고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이 글은 또 제주 잠녀들의 주 소득원인 해조류 관련 어휘를 체계화하여 어휘의미론적으로 고찰하는 한편 표준어와 비교ㆍ대조해봄으로써 관련 어휘를 새롭게 해석했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. In this study, dialectal vocabulary about four kinds of seaweed in Jeju, sea mustard, agar-agar, sea weed fusiforme, and gulfweed, is classified into six categories . names and kinds, sea farms, collecting tools, ways to collect seaweed, how to transport, and how to dry- according to researches and written sources. Various names are used in Jeju to call the same seaweed according to the regions like ‘mi-yeok, me-yeok, and meo-yeok, for ‘mi-yeok, which means sea mustard’, ‘u-mi, han-cheon, cheon-cho, and cheon-chu’ for ‘u-mut-ga-sa-ri, which means agar-agar’, ‘tot, tol, ton-no-mul, and tol-lo-mul’ for ‘tot, which means sea weed fusiforme’, and ‘mom, mo-eum, mol-mang, and mom-jjang’ for ‘mo-ja-ban, which means gulfweed in English’. There are more examples of the names of seaweed. ‘mi-yeok’ is called ‘dol-me-yeok, mul-me-yeok, and jul-me-yeok’ according to the place to live and ‘u-mut-ga-sa-ri’ is called ‘chom-u-mi, gae-u-mi, gwang-chu-u-mi, and cheong-u-mi’ to refer different kinds of agar-agar. Also ‘mo-ja-ban’ has different names depending on the its kinds like ‘chom-mom, jwi-mom, no-rang-mom, gap-ssil-mom, and go-jing-mom’. Young gulfweed is called ‘bong-dang-tol’. Moreover, different tools are used to collect the various sorts of seaweed and there are a variety of names of these tools. For example, when jam-nyeo, female divers, dive into the sea and collect sea mustard, they use sickles, which is called ‘me-yeok-ho-mi’ or ‘jeong-ge-ho-mi’. When they harvest gulfweed which is already cut, they use ‘gong-jeng-i’’ or ‘gal-kung-i’. The verb forms to describe the way to collect seaweed are also different. When people describe the act of collecting the seaweed like sea mustard or agar-agar in the sea, they use the word, ‘jo-mul-da’. Sickling down sea weed fusiforme in intertidal region is ‘bi-da’ or ‘be-da’ in Jeju dialect, while collecting agar-agar with bare hands in intertidal region is ‘mae-da’. Meaning extension is showed during the research. The different names of sea mustard, ‘jo-gwang-me-yeok’ and ‘man-gwang-me-yeok’, are used to describe the collecting seasons. The word ‘jo-gwak’ describing the first harvest of sea mustard is also used for agar-agar and even for bracken. This study is meaningful by categorizing vocabulary of seaweed which is the main source of income of Jeju female divers, researching its lexical-semantic features, and comparing Jeju dialectal words to standard Korean to newly translate.

경도가 동일한 한천 및 젤라틴 젤의 이화학적 특성 비교

류지나,정준호,이수용,고상훈 한국산업식품공학회 2012 산업 식품공학 Vol.16 No.1

최근 비만의 증가로 식품 산업계에서는 열량이 없거나 적은 원료로 고열량의 원료를 대체하려는 시도를 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 젤라틴과 한천을 원료로 동일한 경도의 젤을 만들고 이들의 이화학적 특성을 비교하였다. 동일한 경도를 갖는 젤의 제조를 위하여 물 150 g에 정백당 60 g과 각각 젤라틴 12 g, 한천 2 g을 첨가하여 물 50 g 이 증발할 때까지 중탕하여 성형, 냉각한 후 젤을 제조하였다. 경도는 젤라틴과 한천 젤 각각 22.36, 22.80으로 동등하게 제조하였으며, 이 때 응집성, 부착성, 씹힘성 등은 젤라틴 젤이 더 높았다. 제조된 한천 젤과 젤라틴 젤의 pH는 각각 8.17, 7.05였으며, 당도는 각각 12.97, 14.43oBx를 나타내었다. 응력완화를 측정한 결과 5초 후 한천과 젤라틴 젤의 응력은 각각 3.3, 9.5 N 이였으며 각각 5초, 1초 동안에 급격히 응력이 감소된 후 서서히 완화되었으며 응력완화시간은 한천 젤은 2.54초 였고 젤라틴 젤은 측정이 불가능 하였다. 보수력은 한천과 젤라틴 젤이 각각 98.83, 100%였으며 이는 사용된 한천의 농도가 낮기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구 결과는 젤라틴 대체 시 경도를 동일하게 하였을 경우 질감을 비롯한 다른 요소들이 어떻게 영향을 주는지를 판단하는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. In this study, the physicochemical properties of gelatin and agar gels with similar hardness were compared in order to determine the potential of agar-based gelatin substitute. Gel was prepared by adding 60 g sugar to 150 mL distilled water and subsequently gelatin or agar was added. Gelatin and agar concentrations used were 12 and 2 g/mL, respectively, for uniform hardness. Gelatin and agar gels showed no significant hardness values which were 22.36 and 22.80, respectively. The pH values of gelatin and agar gels formed were 8.17 and 7.05, respectively. Agar gel (14.13oBx) was slightly higher in sugar content than gelatin gel (12.97oBx). The brightness of gelatin gel surface was brighter than that of agar gel surface. The adhesiveness, cohesiveness and chewiness of gelatin gel were higher than those of agar gel. Gelatin showed 100% water holding capacity while agar gel possessed relatively low water holding capacity (98.57%) which was likely due to the low concentration of agar for gel preparation compared to the gelatin gel. The stress relaxation time of agar gel was 2.54 s whereas that of gelatin gel was not measurable due to long time constraint. In conclusion, this study is useful in the development of agar-based gelatin substitutes which are preferred for low-calorie and vegetarian food products.

A Comparative Study of Helicobacter pylori Growth on Different Agar-based Media

이정환,박지완,박미리,나윤희,조수정 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2017 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.17 No.4

Background/Aims: Optimal culture conditions for Helicobacter pylori have not been established. We compared the effectiveness of four different agar-based media for the growth of H. pylori. Materials and Methods: G27, ATCC #43504 and 60190, and primary cultured strains were used. H. pylori strains were cultured for four days under four culture conditions: chocolate agar, Thayer-Martin (TM) agar containing vancomycin-colistin-nystatin inhibitor (VCNI), Brucella agar, and brain heart infusion (BHI) agar containing 5% horse blood and IsoVitaleX (BBLTM BD, USA). Culture of cells in each medium was repeated fourteen times. The growth of H. pylori was measured by using a spectrophotometer. Results: TM, Brucella, and BHI agars showed mean absorbance values of 0.099, 0.059, 1.410, and 0.913, respectively. These values were significantly different (P=0.030). After post-adjustment by Bonferroni correction, similar growth was noted for in chocolate, Brucella, and BHI agars; however, TM agar significantly suppressed H. pylori growth compared with Brucella agar (P=0.031). Conclusions: Chocolate, Brucella, and BHI agars provided effective culture conditions for the growth of H. pylori. TM agar containing VCNI suppressed the growth of H. pylori and other organisms. (Korean J Helicobacter Up Gastrointest Res 2017;17:-212)

Bacteriophage MS2를 이용한 소독제 효력시험 확립에 관한 연구

이채홍 ( Chae Hong Rhee ),김수희 ( Soohee Kim ),한복희 ( Bokhee Han ),김영욱 ( Young-wook Kim ),허문 ( Moon Her ),정우석 ( Wooseog Jeong ) 한국동물위생학회 2021 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.44 No.3

In virucidal efficacy testing, the chemical inactivation cannot be determined for all viruses due to the difficulties or the inability to culture sufficiently or the risk of exposure to the viruses. Therefore, disinfectants against these viruses could be evaluated by different methods and surrogate viruses are used as alternative. In this study we developed a method for efficacy testing of veterinary disinfectants using one of the candidate surrogate viruses, bacteriophage MS2, as part of the research on the selection of surrogate viruses for efficiency of efficacy testing of veterinary disinfectants. This method is based on the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA) guidelines for efficacy testing of veterinary disinfectants. Bacteriophage and disinfectant are reacted in suspension in accordance with the APQA guidelines and then a newly established double agar layer method is applied for the efficacy test. The double agar layer method is summarized as follows: 1) The bottom agar with 1.5% agar is boiled and cooled before poured into petri dishes at volume of 20 mL, and dried under bio-logical safety cabinet. 2) The top agar with 0.7% agar is boiled and kept at 50℃ before E. coli culture was seeded. 3) The serially diluted bacteriophage MS2-disinfectant mixtures 0.05 mL and E. coli host 0.01 mL (OD₆₀₀ 0.2~0.3) are mixed with 5 mL of top agar and incubate them at 50℃ for 5 min for reaction. 4) The resulting mixture is poured over top of a bottom agar plate and rocked sufficiently to ensure that the top agar covers the entire surface of the bottom agar. 5) The double agar layer is then placed under biological safety cabinet to allow the agar layer to solidify and subsequently incubated at 37℃ for 24 hr. 6) Following incubation, the plates may be inspected for plaques and record results.

Characterization of agar from <i>Gracilaria tikvahiae</i> cultivated for nutrient bioextraction in open water farms

Rocha, Cristina M.R.,Sousa, Ana M.M.,Kim, Jang K.,Magalhã,es, Jú,lia M.C.S.,Yarish, Charles,Gonç,alves, Maria do Pilar Elsevier 2019 Food hydrocolloids Vol.89 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Gracilaria tikvahiae</I>, an endemic western North Atlantic red alga, was cultivated for nutrient bioextraction in urbanized estuarine waters in Long Island Sound and the Bronx River Estuary, USA. This study assesses the feasibility of an integrated approach of using <I>G. tikvahiae</I> produced in this bioextraction system as sustainable biomass source for agar production. Agars were extracted after alkaline pre-treatment and characterized in terms of gelling strength, chemical composition, chemical structure and gel structure. Results indicated that this seaweed performed similar to other cultivated <I>Gracilaria</I> in terms of extraction yield and gelling strength of the agar. Differences between sites were not significant in terms of agar gel strength, though yield was higher at Long Island Sound. The extracted agars were sulfated, methylated and with no detectable pyruvate substituents. It is possible to use an integrated strategy of nutrient bioextraction in urbanized estuarine waters and agar exploitation with <I>G. tikvahiae</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Agar was successfully extracted from <I>G. tikvahiae</I> used in the nutrient bioextraction systems in urbanized coastal waters. </LI> <LI> Extracted agar performance was similar to other <I>Gracilaria</I> agars. </LI> <LI> There were no significant differences in the gelling strength between the two cultivation sites. </LI> <LI> NMR profile and gel structure of the extracted agars was analyzed. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

돌나물의 기내 활성보존에 영향하는 요인

이승엽,권태오 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2013 시설원예‧식물공장 Vol.22 No.3

For in vitro minimal-growth conservation of S. sarmentosum, the in vitro shoots with 10 mm length were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's media (MS) containing different levels of agar (0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2%), Gelrite (0.4,0.6, 0.8, 1%), ABA (0, 5, 10, 20 mg · L−1), and sucrose (2, 3, 6, and 9%) without subculture at 4℃ and 25℃. All media were supplemented with 0.2 mg · L−1 BA, agar and Gelrite media, with 5% sucrose, sucrose media, with 1.2%agar, and ABA media, with 5% sucrose and 1.2% agar, respectively. In vitro minimal-growth conservation in roomtemperature (25℃) was effective in the media containing with 10 mg · L−1 ABA or 1.6% agar, and the healthy plantlets could be preserved for 10 months without subculture. After 12 months at 4℃, survival rate was 100% in all media. The in vitro minimal-growth conservation in low temperature (4℃) was effective in the media containing with 10 mg · L−1 ABA or 6% sucrose, and the healthy plantlets could be preserved over 18 months without subculture. Especially, long-term conservation using minimal growth of S. sarmentosum was much more efficient in the medium containing high level sucrose at 4℃ compared to others. 돌나물 유전자원의 기내 활성보존을 위하여, 10mm 크기의 기내배양 shoot를 agar, Gelrite, ABA 및 sucrose 농도를 달리한 MS 배지에 치상하여, 4℃와 25℃에서계대배양 없이 보존하였다. 배지는 0.2mg · L−1 BA를 기본으로 첨가하였고, agar와 Gelrite 배지에는 5% sucrose,ABA 배지에는 5% sucrose와 1.2% agar, sucrose 배지에는 1.2% agar를 각각 첨가하였다. 상온 활성보존(25℃)에서 sucrose와 Gelrite 배지는 생장억제 효과가 거의 없었고, 0.2mg · L−1 BA + 10mg · L−1 ABA + 1.2% agar,또는 0.2mg · L−1 BA + 1.6% agar를 첨가한 배지가 효과적이었으며, 계대배양 없이 10개월까지 활성보존이 가능하였다. 저온 활성보존(4℃)에서 12개월후 생존율은 모든 배지에서 100%였으며, 10mg · L−1 ABA, 또는 6%sucrose 첨가배지에서 계대배양 없이 18개월 이상의 활성보존이 가능하였다. 특히 고농도 sucrose 배지는 저온활성보존(4℃)에서 돌나물 유전자원의 장기간 활성유지에 가장 효과적이었다.

Development of a Three-dimensional Hydrogel System for the Maintenance of Porcine Spermatogonial Stem Cell Self-renewal

Ji Eun Park,Min Hee Park,Min Seong Kim,Jung Im Yun,Jung Hoon Choi,Eunsong Lee,Seung Tae Lee 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Porcine spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) prefer three-dimensional (3D) culture systems to 2D ones for the maintenance of self-renewal. Of the many 3D culture systems, agar-based hydrogels are candidates for supporting porcine SSC self-renewal, and there are various types of agar powder that can be used. In this study, we sought to identify an agar-based 3D hydrogel system that exhibited strong efficacy in the maintenance of porcine SSC self-renewal. First, 3D hydrogels with different mechanics were prepared with various concentrations of Bacto agar, lysogeny broth (LB) agar, and agarose powder, and the 3D hydrogel with the strongest alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and greatest increase in colony size was identified for the different types of agar powder. Second, among the porcine SSCs cultured in the different 3D hydrogels, we analyzed the colony formation, morphology, and size; AP activity; and transcription and translation of porcine SSC-related genes, and these were compared to determine the optimal 3D hydrogel system for the maintenance of porcine SSC self-renewal. We found that 0.6% (w/v) Bacto agar-, 1% (w/v) LB agar-, and 0.2% (w/v) agarose-based 3D hydrogels showed the strongest maintenance of AP activity and the most pronounced increase in colony size in the culture of porcine SSCs. Moreover, among these hydrogels, the strongest transcription and translation of porcine SSC-related genes and largest colony size were detected in porcine SSCs cultured in the 0.2% (w/v) agarose-based 3D hydrogel, whereas there were no significant differences in colony formation and morphology. These results demonstrate that the 0.2% (w/v) agarose-based 3D hydrogel can be effectively used for the maintenance of porcine SSC self-renewal.