명료발화와 보통발화에서 파킨슨병환자 음성의 켑스트럼 및 스펙트럼 분석

신희백(Shin, Hee-Baek),심희정(Shim, Hee-Jeong),정훈(Jung, Hun),고도흥(Ko, Do-Heung) 한국음성학회 2018 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the acoustic characteristics of Parkinsonian speech, with respect to different utterance conditions, by employing acoustic/auditory-perceptual analysis. The subjects of the study were 15 patients (M=7, F=8) with Parkinson’s disease who were asked to read out sentences under different utterance conditions (clear/casual). The sentences read out by each subject were recorded, and the recorded speech was subjected to cepstrum and spectrum analysis using Analysis of Dysphonia in Speech and Voice (ADSV). Additionally, auditory-perceptual evaluation of the recorded speech was conducted with respect to breathiness and loudness. Results indicate that in the case of clear speech, there was a statistically significant increase in the cepstral peak prominence (CPP), and a decrease in the L/H ratio SD(ratio of low to high frequency spectral energy SD) and CPP F0 SD values. In the auditory-perceptual evaluation, a decrease in breathiness and an increase in loudness were noted. Furthermore, CPP was found to be highly correlated to breathiness and loudness. This provides objective evidence of the immediate usefulness of clear speech intervention in improving the voice quality of Parkinsonian speech.

일본어 청ㆍ탁음(淸ㆍ濁音) 지각(知覺)에 있어서의 오용 경향과 발음지도 - 미니멀 페어를 이용한 지도법을 중심으로 -

강연화 한국일본근대학회 2017 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.57

본 연구는 한국인 일본어 학습자 초·중급 각15명을 대상으로 일본어의 청·탁음(淸·濁音) 지각에 나타나는 오용의 경향을 조사했다. 또한 음성 지도법의 효과를 검증하기 위해 김조웅·尾崎達治(1999)『동경발음 일주일에 끝내기』에서 제시하고 있는 한국어 음운 체계를 응용한 청·탁음 지도법의 효과를 밝히기 위해 실험을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 한국인 일본어 학습자는 청·탁음 지각에 오용이 많고, 특히 탁음의 지각에 오용이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 청·탁음의 위치에 따른 오용은 어중에 탁음이 위치하는 경우 많은 것으로 나타났다. 지도법의 효과는 한국어의 음운 체계를 응용한 청·탁음의 지도법으로 지도와 연습을 실시한 그룹이 지도와 연습을 실시하지 않은 그룹에 비해 청·탁음의 오용이 크게 감소함에 따라 지도법에 의한 지도와 연습의 효과가 밝혀졌다. This research investigated the misuse tendency in perception of clear voice and voiced sound targeting respectively 15 beginning/ intermediate level Korean Japanese language learners. Furthermore, in order to verify the effect of phonological guidance method, this research determined following points through a test to review the effect of guidance method of clear voice and voiced sound using Korean phonological system suggested by Kim/ Ojaki(1999)`s 『Pronunciation clinic for Korean people』. Korean Japanese language learners frequently have misuse of clear voice and voiced sound, particularly, there are misuse in perception of voiced sound. Misuse along with the position of clear voice and voiced sound appears frequently when a voiced sound is located in the middle (in the middle of a word). In respect of the effect of guidance method, the group which received guidance and practiced regarding clear voice and voiced sound guidance method utilizing Korean phonological system much reduced misuse of clear voice and voiced sound compared to the group without guidance and practice, accordingly, the effect of guidance and practice along with guidance method became definite.

음성지도법을 이용한 일본어 청 · 탁음(淸 · 濁音)의 지도 효과

강연화(姜蓮華) 한국일본문화학회 2017 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.75

This study aims to analyze Japanese unvoiced/voiced sounds with lots of misuses, when they are perceived by Korean learners of the Japanese language, and seeks to understand how the results could be applied to Japanese language education. The listening research examined the tendency of misuses in the perception of unvoiced/voiced sounds targeting 45 low/intermediate Korean learners of the Japanese language. The listening research entailed instruction and practice using the VT method (Nursery Rhyme stimulation) and minimal pair in order to identify more effective phonetic instruction methods. The listening research showed that Korean learners of the Japanese language had lots of misuses in the perception of unvoiced/voiced sounds, especially lots of misunderstandings of voiced sounds as unvoiced sounds. Also, regarding the misuse in accordance with the position of unvoiced/voiced sounds, there were many misuses of voiced sounds in the middle of words. In the listening research with instruction and practice using phonetic instruction, the number of misused unvoiced/voiced sounds was largely reduced in the group with instruction and practice compared to the group without them. Especially, the group with instruction using VT method showed the most remarkable decrease of misuses compared to the group with instruction using minimal pair, which showed the effect of VT method. Just as shown in the results above, it would be important to continuously instruct even for a short time after accurately understanding difficult phonetic items to learners and then introducing proper phonetic instruction methods.

일본어 청 · 탁음(淸 · 濁音) 지각(知覺)에 있어서의 오용 경향과 지도법에 대하여

강연화(姜蓮華) 한국일본문화학회 2016 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.70

This research involves the perception of clear and voiced sounds, one issue Korean Japanese learners face in learning Japanese. Above all, this research analyzed the problems learners faced with clear and voiced sound perception. Elementary and Intermediate Japanese learners are separated into 2 groups. Using the practices of warabe and Verbo-Tonal Method, an experiment was conducted to record the learning patterns of each learner. As a result, Korean learners had many problems with voiced sound perception. The misuse depending on the syllable position is more common in voiced sound, particularly in the middle of words. In listening investigation too, instruction using Verbo-Tonal Method was determined to be effective, as the misuse of clear and voiced sound noticeably decreased compared to the group without the use of Verbo-Tonal Method.

언어문화 속의 오노마토피아의 기능

황규삼 ( Hwang Kyu-sam ) 한국사상문화학회 2019 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.96 No.-

언어문화 속에서 한국어와 일본어 운용자들이 일상생활 속에서 미묘한 의미전달을 위해 어감(語感)을 구분하고자 음운체계(音韻體系)를 운용하고 있다는 점에서 언어의 보편성과 정합성(整合性)이 오노마토피아에서는 보다 효과적으로 잘 적용되고 있음을 알 수가 있다. 오노마토피아에서 한국어와 일본어는 동음반복형(同音反復形)의 첩어(疊語)가 발달되어 있으며 접미어가 결합하여 다양한 이형태(異形態)와 의미를 생산하고 있다는 공통점을 가지고 있으나 어감의 차이를 나타내는 주된 역할에 있어서는 차이점을 보이고 있다. 일본어의 특징 중 하나로 어두(語頭)에 탁음(濁音)이 오지 않는다는 「語音配列則」이 있지만 오노마토피아의 경우는 어두(語頭)에 탁음(濁音)을 오게 함으로써 단어의 의미만이 아니라 음상징적(音象徵的)인 인상(印象)과 표현가치에도 중대한 영향을 미쳐 표현의 다양성과 적합성을 부여할 수 있었기 때문에 현재에도 그 기능은 잘 유지되어 효율적으로 운용되고 있다고 할 수 있다. 오노마토피아에 있어서 어감의 차이를 나타내는 주된 역할은 일본어는 모음교체(母音交替)보다 어두(語頭)의 청음(淸音)· 탁음(濁音)의 교체 즉, 자음교체(子音交替)에 의해 어감의 차이가 보다 명확하게 나타남을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 자음(子音)이 모음(母音)보다 주도적인 역할을 담당하여 뚜렷한 어감(語感)의 차이를 나타내거나 변화를 흡수해서 유사한 어감(語感)을 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이에 반해 한국어의 경우는 자음교체(子音交替)보다도 모음교체(母音交替)에 의해 어감(語感)의 차이가 체계적이고 효과적으로 나타남을 보여주고 있다. 즉, 모음(母音)이 「강세(强勢)와 대소(大小)·경중(輕重)·명암(明暗)·정밀성(精密性)」등 자음(子音)의 어감변화(語感變化)를 흡수, 통합하거나 유사한 어감(語感)을 나타내고 있음을 알 수가 있다. 이러한 점을 고려할 때, 일상생활 속에서 무의식적으로 애용되고 있는 오노마토피아가 주변적인 그룹으로 취급되어지는 것이 아니라 앞으로는 문화속의 언어라는 관점에서 독자적 어휘체계(語彙體系)로 자리매김할 방법적 고찰이 이루어져야 한다고 생각 한다. 언어에 본질적으로 결여되어 있는 사태를 추상화하고 객관화하는 언어활동에 대해 언어의 기능원리를 이해하고 감성을 움직여서 인간의 감정과 감각을 직감적으로 변함없이 표현할 수 있는 생명력을 가진 오노마토피아야말로 인간이 소유하고 있는 소중한 자산이며 이 기능을 잘 이해하고 활용하는 것이 언어문화활동을 윤택하게 하는 하나의 방법일 것이다. Consonant replacement in Korean and Japanese. The difference of vocabulary by vowel change was examined. In Onomatopia, Korean and Japanese have the same pronounced repetitive forms and have a common meaning that they produce various forms and meanings by combining the suffixes. However, in the main role of difference in the sense of the word, Respectively. One of the special features of the Japanese language is that there are no voices in the head of the word, but in the case of Onomatopia, the voiced sound comes to the head of the word, thereby affecting not only the meaning of the word but also the phonetic impression and expression value It can be said that the functions are maintained well and are operated efficiently. In addition, since the Japanese and Korean language operators in the language culture are operating the phonemic system which seeks to distinguish the word sense for subtle meaning propagation in everyday life, the universality and consistency of the language is more effective for Onomatopia As shown in Fig. The main role of onomatopia is to show the difference of vocabulary by vocabulary substitution, vocabulary substitution, or consonant substitution. Therefore, it can be seen that consonants play a dominant role over the vowels and show a similar word sense by showing a difference of a clear word sense or absorbing a change. On the other hand, Korean language shows systematic and effective difference of vocabulary by vowel replacement than consonant replacement. In other words, the vowels are "strong and large. Light, darkness, and precision ", which are similar to those of the consonants. Considering this point, it is not considered that onomatopia which is unconsciously used in everyday life is regarded as peripheral group, but it is considered in the viewpoint of how it is positioned as an independent vocabulary system in future, I think it should be done. Onomatopia, which has the vitality to express the emotions and feelings of the human being unchanged by understanding the function principle of language and moving the sensibility about the language activity that abstains the situation which is essentially lacking in language, It is a valuable asset possessed by human beings, and understanding and utilizing this function is one way to enrich language culture activities.

초분절 자질의 관점에서 살펴본 『동국정운(東國正韻)』 한자음의 ‘청·탁’에 대한 고찰

문성호(Moon, Sungho) 중앙어문학회 2021 語文論集 Vol.85 No.-

청·탁은 본래 음악 용어로 경중(輕重)·고하(高下)·심천(深淺)·음양(陰陽)으로 묘사되었고, 근대 이전까지 음악과 성운학에서 청·탁의 용어 사용은 큰 차이가 없었다. 칼그렌(Klas Bernhard Johannes Karlgren, 1889~1978)의 연구 이후 청·탁은 무성음과 유성음의 분절 자질로 분석되는데, 이 경우 음소문자인 훈민정음의 음운 자질이 설명되기 어렵다. 세종은 음악과 성운학의 전문가로 훈민정음을 창제했을 때, 청·탁을 분절 자질이 아닌 전통의 초분절 자질로 인식했을 것이라 생각된다. 이에 대한 근거로 『동국정운(東國正韻)』 한자음의 청·탁이 『광운(廣韻)』 41성류의 반절상자에 대응하고, 반절상자의 청·탁은 광동어의 초분절 자질인 음조와 양조에 대응하는 것을 들 수 있다. 청·탁을 음조와 양조의 관점에서 살필 경우, 훈민정음의 청·탁 표기가 체계적으로 설명이 된다. 본고에서는 청·탁을 공명강의 무게중심에 따라 달라지는 음색의 대비라는 관점에서 초분절 자질을 설명했다. 음색은 동양음악에서 가장 중요한 요소로 소리의 무게·높이·깊이가 종합적으로 갖추어질 때 하나의 음색이 형성된다. The qīngyīn (淸/clear) and zhuóyīn (濁/unclear) sounds, originally derived from musical terminology, were used from a hyper segmental perspective where qīngyīn denoted high notes, and zhuóyīn denoted low notes within the Chinese phonological field. There was barely any difference between Chinese phonological terms and musical terms before the modern era. However, after the research carried out by Klas Bernhard Johannes Karlgren (1889-1978), the qīngyīn and zhuóyīn sounds were analyzed as segmental phonemes chosen as a result of confrontations between voiced and unvoiced sounds. If we were to follow this reasoning, it would be very difficult to explain the phoneme quality of the Hunminjeongeum, which is a phonemic writing system. King Sejong was an expert in music and Chinese phonology and when he created the Hunminjeongeum, he must have perceived the qīngyīn and zhuóyīn sounds as the traditional hyper segmental phonemes instead of segmental phonemes. To prove this, the qīngyīn and zhuóyīn sounds of the Chinese character sounds in the Donggukjungwoon can be observed as corresponding with the 41 initial consonants of the first character in a fǎnqiè (反切) in the Guǎngyùn(廣韻). It is also possible to cite the fact that the qīngyīn and zhuóyīn sounds of the first character in a fǎnqiè corresponds with the yīndiào (陰調/high tones) and yángdiào (陽調/low tones), which are the hyper segmental phonemes of Cantonese.

『全韻玉篇』 漢字音의 正音 硏究 - 齒音의 濁音 聲母를 중심으로 -

이길경,김은희,김서영,안영실,류정정 한국중국언어문화연구회 2022 한중언어문화연구 Vol.- No.63

This paper examined the pronunciations of X and Y in the Jeon Un-okpyeon "X Jeong Y" through a comparison between the middle and high notes of Korean, based on the four-sound and seven-tone. Due to the limitations of space This paper Among the Chinese characters marked as "X Jeong Y," only the Chinese characters belonging to the four-sound and seven-tone were examined. It was possible to check the readings of the Chinese characters corresponding to full-voiced sounds among the Chinese characters indicated in the Jeon Un-okpyeon "X Jeong Y". All the X sounds of Chinese characters corresponding to jong-mo, seon-mo, sa-mo, and seon-mo reflect voicing, but sueng-mo is excluded from the notation. Thus, it was possible to estimate that the devoicing of the latter consonants had already proceeded to completion in the phonological system of the text, as reflected in the fact that the X notes and Y notes showed extensive diversity, with indications via polyphonic characters, phonetic notation, heterogeneous characters, harmonic characters, and Chinese characters, indicating a lack of systematicity.