반영웅소설(反英雄小說)의 서사적 특성 연구

김유진 ( Kim¸ Yujin ) 한국고소설학회 2020 古小說 硏究 Vol.49 No.-

영웅소설 유형은 영웅의 일대기를 중심으로 설명되었다. 본고에서는 영웅의 일대기라는 구성의 문제에서 나아가 영웅이라는 인물 유형이 지닌 변별적 자질을 통해 영웅소설의 세부 분류를 시도하였다. 〈최고운전〉, 〈전우치전〉, 〈홍길동전〉처럼 영웅소설 가운데 예외적 특징을 보이는 작품들의 주인공을 반영웅(反英雄, Anti-Hero)의 인물유형으로 분류하고 이들 작품의 서사가 보여주는 특성을 추출해보았다. 그 결과 반영웅소설 유형을 새롭게 제안할 수 있었다. 반영웅소설의 서사는 자식 살해라는 가부장제의 극단적 폭력성을 보여주는 한편, 국가 지배 권력의 무능력을 고발하는 것이었다. 나아가 반영웅소설의 서사는 국가 간 관계에 있어서 대국(大國)과 소국(小國)의 불평등한 관계의 문제를 비판하는 한편 대등한 국가 간 관계에 대한 고민을 보여주기도 하였다. 이러한 반영웅 인물 유형과 반영웅소설은 새로운 작품 유형으로 제안될 수 있다. So far, the type of heroic novel has been described about the hero's biographical story. This paper tried to classify heroic novels in detail through the distinctive feature of the heroic character type in addition to the problem of the composition of the hero's biographical narratives. The protagonist of the heroic novels such as Choe-go-un-jeon, Jeon-u-cu-jeon, and Hong-gil-dong-jeon were classified as the type of characters of Anti-Hero and these pre-modem novels extracted the characteristics of the narratives of Anti-Heroic novels. As a result, this paper could suggest to call this type of novels as Anti-Hervic novels. The main character of the Anti-Hero novels and these narratives were to show the extreme violence of the patriarchal system of killing children, while accusing the incompetence of national governance. Furthermore, the narrative of the Anti-Heroic novel criticized the unequal relationship between the great and small nations in the international relations, while also showing concerns about equal relations between the nations. These Anti-Heroic characters and Anti-Heroic novels can be categorized into a group of pre-modern novels.

열처리 및 나이신ㆍ유카추출물 첨가에 의한 김치의 미생물 증식 저해

김지선(Ji Sun Kim),김유진(Yujin Kim),박정미(Jung-Mi Park),김태집(Tae-Jip Kim),김범수(Beom Soo Kim),김연미(Yeon Mi Kim),김혜림(Hye Rim Kim),한남수(Nam Soo Han) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.11

본 실험은 김치의 유통기한을 연장하고자 배추김치에 열처리 및 천연보존료를 첨가하여 그 효과를 조사하였다. 400g의 배추김치를 각각 원형 polyethylene 플라스틱 용기에 담고 90℃에서 120분 처리하였을 때, 2.0 log₁?CFU/g만큼 총균수가 감소하였으나 열처리 10분 만에 용기의 변형이 일어났고, 김치의 관능변화가 감지되어 부적절한 조건으로 판정되었다. 필름 파우치에 김치를 옮겨 열처리하였을 때는 80℃에서 30분 이하로 열처리하였을 때 0.3 log₁?CFU/g의 저해효과를 보여 효과는 크지 않았지만 김치의 관능변화를 일으키지 않는 적정조건이었다. 반면에, 배추 조직의 느린 열전달과 열처리 시 관능 변화 특성을 고려하여 김치 부재료 양념을 절임배추와 혼합 전 별도 열처리를 실시한 결과, 80℃ 이하에서 30분 열처리하였을 때 총 균수를 0.5 log₁?CFU/g, 그리고 유산균을 1.0 log₁?CFU/g만큼 저해하여 배추김치 살균보다도 더 효과적인 방법으로 판명되었다. 또한, 나이신과 유카추추물을 첨가한 김치를 한 달간 저장하며 미생물의 저해 효과를 확인한 결과 5℃에 보관할 때에 두 처리구 모두 저장기간 동안 유산균의 생육을 저해하는 효과를 보였다. 나이신과 유카추출물의 경우 모두 낮은 온도에서(5℃) 높은 초기 미생물의 저해 효과를 보였다. 이 연구 결과는 저온 살균법의 물리적 방법과 나이신 또는 유카추출물과 같은 천연보존료를 사용하는 화학적방법이 각각 김치의 초기 미생물을 감소시키고 유통기간 동안 미생물의 생육속도를 저해하는데 효과적임을 보여준다. For extension of storage period of cabbage-kimchi, effects of heat treatment as well as nisin or yucca extract were examined on the growth of microbes. Firstly, when kimchi was heated at various temperatures in polyethylene plastic bottle or membrane pouch, the optimum inhibitory condition giving no sensory change was at 80℃ for 30 min in a plastic membrane pouch and this treatment made a reduction of 0.3 log₁?CFU/g in total microbes. The result showed that use of plastic bottle was inefficient due to low heat transfer rate. Interestingly, pasteurization of seasoning pastes at 80℃ for 30 min separately from cabbage resulted in better inhibitory effect reducing 0.5 log₁?CFU/g of total bacteria and 1.0 log₁?CFU/g of lactic acid bacteria, and this operation was regarded as a promising inhibitory method. Secondly, when nisin and yucca extract were separately added in kimchi, microbial growth was inhibited during storage period and their inhibition effects were enhanced at lower temperature.

The SAM Domains of Anks Family Proteins Are Critically Involved in Modulating the Degradation of EphA Receptors

Kim, Jieun;Lee, Haeryung;Kim, Yujin;Yoo, Sooyeon;Park, Eunjeong;Park, Soochul 숙명여자대학교 여성건강연구소 2011 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.2

We recently reported that the phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain of Anks family proteins binds to EphA8,thereby positively regulating EphA8-mediated signaling pathways. In the current study, we identified a potential role for the SAM domains of Anks family proteins in EphA signaling. We found that SAM domains of Anks family proteins directly bind to ubiquitin, suggesting that Anks proteins regulate the degradation of ubiquitinated EphA receptors. Consistent with the role of Cbl ubiquitin ligases in the degradation of Eph receptors, our results revealed that the ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl induced the ubiquilinaiion and degradation of EphA8 upon ligand binding. Ubiquitinated EphA8 also bound to the SAM domains of Odin, a member of the Anks family proteins. More importantly, the overexpression of wild-type Odin protected EphA8 and EphA2 from undergoing degradation following ligand stimulation and promoted EphA-mediated inhibition of cell migration. In contrast,a SAM domain deletion mutant of Odin strongly impaired the function of endogenous Odin, suggesting that the mutant functions in a dominant-negative manner. An analysis of Odin-deficient primary embryonic fibroblasts indicated that Odin levels play a critical role in regulating the stability of EphA2 in response to ligand stimulation. Taken together,our studies suggest that the SAM domains of Anks family proteins play a pivotal role in enhancing the stability of EphA receptors by modulating the ubiquitination process.

Bright visible light emission from graphene

Kim, Young Duck,Kim, Hakseong,Cho, Yujin,Ryoo, Ji Hoon,Park, Cheol-Hwan,Kim, Pilkwang,Kim, Yong Seung,Lee, Sunwoo,Li, Yilei,Park, Seung-Nam,Shim Yoo, Yong,Yoon, Duhee,Dorgan, Vincent E.,Pop, Eric,Hein Nature Publishing Group 2015 Nature nanotechnology Vol.10 No.8

Graphene and related two-dimensional materials are promising candidates for atomically thin, flexible and transparent optoelectronics. In particular, the strong light–matter interaction in graphene has allowed for the development of state-of-the-art photodetectors, optical modulators and plasmonic devices. In addition, electrically biased graphene on SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrates can be used as a low-efficiency emitter in the mid-infrared range. However, emission in the visible range has remained elusive. Here, we report the observation of bright visible light emission from electrically biased suspended graphene devices. In these devices, heat transport is greatly reduced. Hot electrons (∼2,800 K) therefore become spatially localized at the centre of the graphene layer, resulting in a 1,000-fold enhancement in thermal radiation efficiency. Moreover, strong optical interference between the suspended graphene and substrate can be used to tune the emission spectrum. We also demonstrate the scalability of this technique by realizing arrays of chemical-vapour-deposited graphene light emitters. These results pave the way towards the realization of commercially viable large-scale, atomically thin, flexible and transparent light emitters and displays with low operation voltage and graphene-based on-chip ultrafast optical communications.

Cancer signature ensemble integrating cfDNA methylation, copy number, and fragmentation facilitates multi-cancer early detection

Kim Su Yeon,Jeong Seongmun,Lee Wookjae,Jeon Yujin,Kim Yong-Jin,Park Seowoo,Lee Dongin,Go Dayoung,Song Sang-Hyun,Lee Sanghoo,Woo Hyun Goo,Yoon Jung-Ki,Park Young Sik,Kim Young Tae,Lee Se-Hoon,Kim Kwang 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing has demonstrated great potential for early cancer detection. However, most large-scale studies have focused only on either targeted methylation sites or whole-genome sequencing, limiting comprehensive analysis that integrates both epigenetic and genetic signatures. In this study, we present a platform that enables simultaneous analysis of whole-genome methylation, copy number, and fragmentomic patterns of cfDNA in a single assay. Using a total of 950 plasma (361 healthy and 589 cancer) and 240 tissue samples, we demonstrate that a multifeature cancer signature ensemble (CSE) classifier integrating all features outperforms single-feature classifiers. At 95.2% specificity, the cancer detection sensitivity with methylation, copy number, and fragmentomic models was 77.2%, 61.4%, and 60.5%, respectively, but sensitivity was significantly increased to 88.9% with the CSE classifier (p value < 0.0001). For tissue of origin, the CSE classifier enhanced the accuracy beyond the methylation classifier, from 74.3% to 76.4%. Overall, this work proves the utility of a signature ensemble integrating epigenetic and genetic information for accurate cancer detection.

Corrigendum to: Low Molecular Weight Collagen Peptide (LMWCP) Promotes Hair Growth by Activating the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

( Yujin Kim ),( Jung Ok Lee ),( Jung Min Lee ),( Mun-hoe Lee ),( Hyeong-min Kim ),( Hee-chul Chung ),( Do-un Kim ),( Jin-hee Lee ),( Beom Joon Kim ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2024 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.34 No.4

Brachybacterium kimchii sp. nov. and Brachybacterium halotolerans subsp. kimchii subsp. nov., isolated from the Korean fermented vegetables, kimchi, and description of Brachybacterium halotolerans subsp. halotolerans subsp. nov.

Yujin Kim,Yeon Bee Kim,Juseok Kim,Joon Yong Kim,Tae Woong Whon,Won-Hyong Chung,Eun-Ji Song,Young-Do Nam,Se Hee Lee,Seong Woon Roh 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.7

Two Gram-stain-positive, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, and coccus-shaped bacterial strains, designated CBA3104T and CBA3105T, were isolated from kimchi. Strain CBA3104T and CBA3105T grew at 10–35°C (optimum, 25°C and 30°C, respectively), at pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, pH 6.5), and in the presence of 0–15% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 5%). A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CBA3104T formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the genus Brachybacterium whereas strain CBA3105T was closely positioned with Brachybacterium halotolerans MASK1Z-5T. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains CBA3104T and CBA3105T was 99.9%, but ANI and dDDH values between strains CBA3104T and CBA3105T were 93.61% and 51.5%, respectively. Strain CBA3104T showed lower ANI and dDDH values than species delineation against three closely related strains and type species of the genus Brachybacterium, however, strain CBA3105T showed 96.63% ANI value and 69.6% dDDH value with Brachybacterium halotolerans MASK1Z-5T. Among biochemical analysis results, strain CBA3104T could uniquely utilize bromo-succinic acid whereas only strain CBA3105T was positive for alkaline phosphatase and α-fucosidase among two novel strains, closely related strains, and type species of the genus Brachybacterium. Compared with strain CBA3105T and Brachybacterium halotolerans JCM 34339T, strain CBA3105T was differentially positive for acid production of D-arabinose, D-adonitol, and potassium 5-ketogluconate and enzyme activity of β-glucuronidase. Both strains contained menaquinone-7 as the dominant quinone. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of two novel strains contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acids of strains CBA3104T and CBA3105T were anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0, and iso-C16:0. The major polar lipids of both strains were phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. Strain CBA3104T possessed a uniquely higher abundance of tRNA (97 tRNAs) than four Brachybacterium strains used for comparative taxonomic analysis (54–62 tRNAs). Both the CBA3104T and CBA3105T strain harbored various oxidoreductase, transferase, hydrolase, and lyase as strain-specific functional genes compared to closely related strains and Brachybacterium type species. The results of biochemical/physiological, chemotaxonomic, and genomic analyses demonstrated that strains CBA3104T and CBA3105T represent a novel species of the genus Brachybacterium and a novel subspecies of B. halotolerans, respectively, for which the names Brachybacterium kimchii sp. nov. and B. halotolerans subsp. kimchii subsp. nov. are proposed. The type strains of the novel species and the novel subspecies are CBA3104T (= KCCM 43417T = JCM 34759T) and CBA3105T (= KCCM 43418T = JCM 34760T), respectively.

Material Characterization of Single Crystalline Cu Subjected to High Strain Rates and High Temperatures for Multiscale Simulation

Yujin Seong,Youngkyu Kim,Im Doo Jung,Sungho Kim,See Jo Kim,Seong-gon Kim,Hak Jun Kim,Seong Jin Park 대한금속ㆍ재료학회 2017 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.55 No.11

The material characterization of single crystalline Cu columns was numerically carried out at the submicroscopic level. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed using the embedded-atom method (EAM) interatomic potential between a pair of Cu atoms to describe the interactions among Cu atoms. First, the relationship between mechanical properties and factors affecting their behavior were numerically investigated using a crystal structure including several defects. The factors were specimen size, strain rate, and temperature. As the specimen size increased the normalized yield stress decreased, which was similar to results obtained at other length-scale. The yield stress tended to lead to exponential strain rate-hardening and a linear temperature-softening. Next, material characterization was conducted based on these results. These computational results can lead to the development of an in silico platform to characterize material properties and MD simulation can lay the groundwork for multi-scale modeling and simulation. (Received June 16, 2017; Accepted June 29, 2017)

Low Molecular Weight Collagen Peptide (LMWCP) Promotes Hair Growth by Activating the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Kim Yujin,Lee Jung Ok,Lee Jung Min,Lee Mun-Hoe,Kim Hyeong-Min,Chung Hee-Chul,Kim Do-Un,Lee Jin-Hee,Lee Jung Min 한국미생물·생명공학회 2024 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.34 No.1

Low molecular weight collagen peptide (LMWCP) is a collagen hydrolysate derived from fish. We investigated the effects of LMWCP on hair growth using human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs), human hair follicles (hHFs), patch assay, and telogenic C57BL/6 mice, while also examining the underlying mechanisms of its action. LMWCP promoted proliferation and mitochondrial potential, and the secretion of hair growth-related factors, such as EGF, HB-EGF, FGF-4, and FGF-6 in hDPCs. Patch assay showed that LMWCP increased the neogeneration of new HFs in a dose-dependent manner. This result correlated with an increase in the expression of dermal papilla (DP) signature genes such as, ALPL, SHH, FGF7, and BMP-2. LMWCP upregulated phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and β-catenin, and nuclear translocation of β-catenin, and it increased the expression of Wnt3a, LEF1, VEGF, ALP, and β-catenin. LMWCP promoted the growth of hHFs and increased the expression of β-catenin and VEGF. Oral administration of LMWCP to mice significantly stimulated hair growth. The expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, PCNA, Cyclin D1, and VEGF was also elevated in the back skin of the mice. Furthermore, LMWCP increased the expression of cytokeratin and Keratin Type I and II. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that LMWCP has the potential to increase hair growth via activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Increased GABA Levels in Medial Prefrontal Cortex of Young Adults with Narcolepsy

Kim, Seog Ju,Lyoo, In Kyoon,Lee, Yujin S.,Sung, Young Hoon,Kim, Hengjun J.,Kim, Jihyun H.,Kim, Kye Hyun,Jeong, Do-Un Oxford University Press 2008 SLEEP Vol.31 No.3