고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

이진헌,강진경,박인서,송건훈,정재복,백용한,송시영,서정훈 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Background/Aims: Inflammatory diseasas of the pancreas are not uncommon. The advanced age is one of the significant factors in assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis. It has been shown that the biliary tract disease is a more frequent cause of acute pancreatitis in the elderly than in the young. With the increased life span, the elderly are comprising a large proportion of the population. As a result, physicians are more often being faced with acute pancreatitis in the elderly. The purpose af this study was to evaluate clinical features of acute panereatitis in the elderly. Methods: A total of 188 patients with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. We investigated the differences of clinical characteristics between the elderly patients aged over 60 and the young patients aged under 60. Results: The sex distribution showed male preponderance in the young patients (M:F=2.4:1), but was nearly equal in the elderly patients (M:F=1.1:1). The most common cause of acute pancreatitis in the elderly was biliary tract disease (52.5%), while alcohol abuse was the most common cause in the young patients (38.8%), Local complications of acute pancreatitis, such as psuedocyst, necrosis, abscesses were not differently shown between the elderly (16.9%) and the young (20.2%) patients. Systemic complications including acute puhnonary failure occurred more frequently in the elderly patients than the young patients. The mortality rate of the elderly patients (5.1%) was not significantly different from that of the young patients (3.1%). Conclusions: To detect correctable underlying bihary tract diseases the elderly patients with acute pancreatitis should be completely investigated using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In addition, the patient should be closely monitored for the development of the systemic complications during the disease process.

고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

백용한,서정훈,송건훈,이진헌,송시영,정재복,강진경,박인서,이수진 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

성인간호학회지 논문(1989-2000)의 내용과 경향 분석

서문자,김소선,송미순,이명선,오의금,신경림,김옥수,이숙자,이영자,오효숙,정재심,김철규 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.4

"Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing" has been published since 1989 and more than 330 articles have been published up 2000. We reviewed all the articles published in this journal to analyze the contents and trend of published articles and to find out the way of improvement both in quantity and quality of studies in this area. The results are as follows : 1) Ninety percent of articles were quantitative studies. Experimental design was used in 16.1% and quasi-experimental design was adapted in 73.6% of articles. Qualitative research were 10.3% of total articles reviewed. 2) Only 5.1% of articles described theoretical framework and 73.6% of experimentally designed articles included research hypotheses. 3) Among experimental studies, only one was true experimental studie design. Eighty nine point three persent had descriptive survey method among non-experimental studies. Amog the thirty four qualitative studies, phenomenologic(73.5%), grounded theory(14.7%), and ethnographic (11.8%) design were used. 4) Most of research subject were patients and few healthy people, healthcare worker, and patient family. 5) Psychosocial data collection method which used questionnaire were 53.7% and interview. physical measurement, observation were used in 22.8%. 8.2% 5.4% of articles respectively. 6) Total number of keywords were 692, and average number of key words per article was 2.2. Health-related keyword was the most frequently used according to four metaparadigm of nursing (human, health, nursing, and environment). Environment related keyword was rarely appeared. The number and quality of nursing research in "Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing" have been improved continuously. It is difficult to find out special trend or characteristics which is unique in this journal because of relatively short history of adult nursing studies. This review study was performed to analyze adult nursing studies only in the view of quantitative aspect, but it is needed to analyse qualitatively to find philosophical or theoretical trend in nursing.

자기 효능의 개념 분석

서순림,이은남,박송자,양영희,이동숙,최은옥,구미옥,김인자,이인숙,김성재,박영임,이은옥 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1997 간호학 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

Today human needs for health promotion and maintenance are increasing. The nursing progression has a great responsibility for helping clients to practice good health behavior. self efficacy was found to be potent predictor in initiating and maintaining the health-related behavior. Therefore, the concept is important in nursig intervention for change of health behavior. The purpose of this paper was to analyze and clarify the meaning of the concept, self efficacy. This study used Walder & Avant's process of concept analysis. Critical attributes of self efficacy were : 1) positive perception of his won capability; 2) intrapersonal strength; 3) possibility of being learned; 4) individuality; 5) specificity; 6) generalizability. Antecedents of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) new situation occurs; 2) individuals have needs to change the new situation; 3) there are some required actions in new situation. Consequences occurring as a result of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) individual initiates the of failure; 5) cope with the situation; 6) controls the situation; 7) the level of self efficacy is enhanced; 8) the level of self-esteem is enhanced.

皮膚科 外來 癩患者의 動態

宋浚榮,朴義守,徐舜鳳,徐基錫,河龍馬,孫在卿,金基洪,金蘭姬 大韓癩學會 1981 癩學 會誌 Vol.14 No.1

北韓政治體制分析을 위한 接近 모델에 關한 考察 : 세가지 模型을 中心으로 its Validity and Availability

徐陽重,宋永俊 慶尙大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this article is to study various approaches for analyzing the political systems in the western countries. Their validity and availability are particularly considered in this article. There is not any integrated models to fully explain communist systems. The existed models can only explain the specific facet of the communist system. Several problems are arisen from applying these proposed models to the various communist systems. The totalitarian model overlooks the system changes. The formulation of the development and the modernization models can not be validated practically. The approaches to analyse the advanced communist systems such as the Soviet Union can not apply to the North Korea. Each country has her own historical practices, and has different ways of establishing a communist society, and thereby of taking communist government. In the case of North Korea, the organized ideology with the pseudo charismatic authority and the systematic terrorism are still predominant. From the analyzed result of these models, it is concluded that the nature of the political system in North Korea should be investigated by introducing the sequential analysis based on the comparison with comparison with synchronic and diachronic approaches.

품질보증수준확보를 위한 최적검사설비대수의 결정

송서일,조영찬 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1998 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.1

As the rapid growth of industrial society, many enterprises are inclined to 100 ppm management, even more to ppm management from the traditional 3σ management method. Therefore, it needs to extend process capability index for guarantee of high quality assurance level to ppm unit. Thus, in this paper, using the probability of standard normal distribution from 3σ tp 6σ, which was developed by an author, the optimal numbers of inspection facility is determined for guarantee of process capability index and quality assurance level. Also, high quality assurance level is determined by considering the precision of inspection when one and two sided specification is given for the probability which is out of the specification limit.

貯水池 流域內의 河川 特性

徐承德,宋永立,千萬福 경북대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study is to develop regression equation between physical characteristic factors of watershed of irrigation reservoirs(122 reservoirs), which are in operation for 3 to 65 years and have irrigation area equal to or larger than 200 has, located in South Korea are used in the analysis. The results obtained from this study are as follows. 1. In each province, the relationships between watershed area and main stream length, circumferential length, and number of streams, and that between main stream length and total tributary length have high correlation and high stastical significance. 2. It is found that the ratios of main stream length to circumferential length, total tributary length, and centroid length are 1:3, 1:3, and 1:0.5, respectively. 3. Watershed unit characterisitics are found that the shape factor of 0.44, the stream compactness of 0.79, the stream density of 1,63㎞/㎢, the stream frequency of 1.06piece/㎢, the relief factor of 45.6 m/㎞ and the average watershed altitude of 194.2m, respectively. The result of this study are useful for understanding correlation between watershed characteristic factors of reservoirs.

강원지역의 자원관리를 위한 지리정보시스템 개발

서백수,임길재,정영준,송화선,류창희,민경원,서희정 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1997 석재연 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

강원도는 오랫동안 금속, 비금속, 석재 및 석탄과 같은 지하자원들을 공급하는 국내 주요생산지로 알려져 왔으나, 장기적인 채광과 비 계획적인 생산으로 인하여 매장량이 고갈되고 있으며, 대외적으로 생산 경쟁력 마저 잃어가고 있다. 이러한 문제점에 대한 해결방안의 일환으로 본 연구에서는 강원도내에 산재되어 있는 지하자원의 분포, 자원 생산시설 및 생산량, 경제성, 자원개발, 환경문제 등 자원관리에 필요한 제반사항을 수행할 수 있는 강원지역 자원 종합관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템의 개발은 방대한 양의 정보 조사 및 저장, 오랜 개발기간, 많은 소요인력 및 개발 비용이 요구되기 때문에 본 연구에서는 조기에 자원관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하여 이와 관련된 생산 및 연구 분야에 조기에 적용할 수 있도록, 일차년도에는 현재 석재복합 신소재제품 연구센터의 집중적 연구대상 지역인 태백지역에 대한 탄광지역을 중심으로 자원 종합관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하였다. The Kangwon province has been well-known to be one of major underground resource producing districts which are mainly supplying metals, non-metals, stones, and coals. However, due to the long-term mining and unplanned production, the natural resource reserves have been rapidly drained and oversea production competition has been losing. In this study, we has developed a GIS system for regional resource management in the Kangwon province, which can operate, maintain, and manage the distribution of underground resources, resource production facilities, production and economic development, and environmental issues. The development of this system requires the collection, analysis, evaluation, and storage for a huge amount of research data, and in addition, the long period of time, the big research man power, and big development cost. Accordingly, to shorten the development period of time and to early apply itself to production, this stage of study has been intensively developed a regional resource GIS system for managing the mines scattered in the Tabak province, which is one of hottest RRC's research areas.

역유동층 반응기와 삼상유동층 반응기를 이용한 유기물 제거에 관한 연구

박영식,안갑환,추석열,서근학,송승구 부산대학교 1995 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.48 No.-

구형의 섬유상 플라스틱을 media로 사용하여 3상 유동층 생물막 반응기와 역유동층 생물막 반응기로 유기물 제거효율을 비교 실험하였다. 유입수의 SCOD가 1800㎎/L였을 때 역유동층 생물막 반응기와 3상 유동층 생물막 반응기의 제거효율은 각각 94%, 92.5%였다. 유기물 부하율이 2㎏COD/㎥.day였을 때 역유동층 생물막 반응기의 미생물 농도는 2810㎎/L, 3상 유동층 생물막 반응기의 경우는 2300㎎/L 였다. 반응기 부피, 공기유량, media 형태 및 폐수성상이 모두 같은 조건에서는 두 반응기 모두 유기물 제거효율과 미생물 농도 등에서 거의 비슷한 거동을 나타내었다. A number of experiments were conducted to examine the COD removal efficency and the biomass concentration of the three phase fluidized bed biofilm reactor(TFR) and inverse fluidized bed biofilm reactor(IFR) using fibrous plastic ball and synthetic wastewater. When the influent SCOD was 1800㎎/L, SCOD removal efficiency of IFR and TFR were 94% and 92.5%, respectively. When organic loading rate was 2㎏COD/㎥.day, the biomass concentrations of the IFR and the TFR were 2810㎎/L and 2300㎎/L, respectively. When operated at the same conditions on reactor volume, air flow rate, media type and wastewater characteristic, two reactors showed a very similar performance.