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정염성,방승규 大韓神經精神醫學會 1982 신경정신의학 Vol.21 No.2
저자들은 1977년 1월 1일부터 1980년 12월 31일까지 카톨릭의과대학 부속 여의도 성모병원 신경정신과 입원환자중 전기충격요법을 받은 272명을 대상으로 임상적 고찰을 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 총 입원환자 1,709명중 272명(15.9%)이 전기충격요법을 받았으며 정신분열증이 75.7%, 주요정동장애가 15.5%, 기타질환이 8.8%이었다. 2. 진단별로 보면 정신분열증의 30.4%, 주요정동장애의 22.5%, 기타질환의 2.8%가 전기충격요법을 받았다. 3. 전기충격요법의 시행횟수는 1인당 평균 8.3회(정신분열증, 8.9회;주요정동장애, 6.3회;기타질환, 7회)이었다. 4. 치료의 대상이 되었던 증상은 정신분열증의 경우 피해망상(20.3%)이 가장 많았으며 주요정동장애의 경우 정신운동성지체 혹은 초조(23.0%)가 가장 많았다. The authors performed this preliminary study to investigate the effect of ECT. The 272 psychiatric inpatients who received ECT atthe Department of Neuropsychiatry of Catholic Medical College from 1977 to 1980 were evaluated for clinical features. The results were as follows; 1. ECT was performed in 15.9% of a total of 1,709 inpatients who were admitted during the study period. Of them, 75.7% were diagnosed as schizophrenia, 15.5% as major affective disorder and 8.8% as others. 2. ECT was performed in 30.4% of the schizophrenics, 22.5% of those with major affective disorder and 2.8% of others. 3. Mean number of ECT was 8.3 times a patient. 4. The most common target symptom was persecutory delusion in schizophrenia and psychomotor retardation or agitation in major affective disorder.
초등 실과 바느질 단원의 모듈 수업이 학업 성취도에 미치는 영향
최염숙 韓國實科敎育硏究學會 1999 實科敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.2
For this study to determine the effect of modules instruction of sewing in elementary schools, two fifth-grade classes were selected: one as the experimental group receiving modular sewing lessons, and the other as the control group receiving conventional sewing lessons, for a period of four weeks. The cognitive, functional, and definitive aptitudes of each student from both groups wee assessed right before and after the experiment. The result showed that functional and definitive achievements were higher in the experimental group while cognitive achievement did not indicate any significant difference. In conclusion, a modular sewing lesson, coping with difference in individual learning abilities, was found to be a better educational method in functional and definitive areas, but not in cognitive area.
고 아밀라아제 혈증을 보인 급성 Lithium Carbonate 중독증 1례
홍현상,박흥수,정염성,노왕구 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.2
Lithium carbonate is a widely used and invaluable drug in the treatment and prevention of manic-depressive illness. However, lithium cardonate may induce multisystemic adverse effects and toxic effects that, when not recognized, may lead to severe, life-threatening complications. The authors experienced a manic patient who showed severe lithium toxic reactions with hyperamylasemia. The patient was 41-year-old woman who had received lithium carbonate treatment for 3 months. The patient's symptoms and signs of toxic reaction had disappeared after hydration, insulin therapy, and hemodialysis.
( Hyun Sik Youm ),( Hyun Sik Youm ),( Jong-ryeol Choi ),( Daesik Oh ),( Young Ho Rho ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
목적: To evaluate whether ectopic pregnancy rates differ between natural and hormone replacement endometrial preparation in frozen embryo transfer. 방법: Meta-analysis was performed on the 3 selected studies in the statistical framework R using ‘meta’ package (random effects model: DerSimonian-Laird estimator). The outcome considered in this study was the ectopic pregnancy rates. 결과: The ectopic pregnancy rates were not different between natural and hormone replacement endometrial preparation in frozen embryo transfer (odds ratio [OR] 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40-2.06). 결론: The data presented in this meta-analysis do not support a different risk in ectopic pregnancy between natural and hormone replacement endometrial preparation in frozen embryo transfer.
A Computational Model of Cytosolic and Mitochondrial [$Ca^{2+}$] in Paced Rat Ventricular Myocytes
Youm, Jae-Boum,Choi, Seong-Woo,Jang, Chang-Han,Kim, Hyoung-Kyu,Leem, Chae-Hun,Kim, Na-Ri,Han, Jin The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2011 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.15 No.4
We carried out a series of experiment demonstrating the role of mitochondria in the cytosolic and mitochondrial $Ca^{2+}$ transients and compared the results with those from computer simulation. In rat ventricular myocytes, increasing the rate of stimulation (1~3 Hz) made both the diastolic and systolic [$Ca^{2+}]$ bigger in mitochondria as well as in cytosol. As L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel has key influence on the amplitude of $Ca^{2+}$ -induced $Ca^{2+}$ release, the relation between stimulus frequency and the amplitude of $Ca^{2+}$ transients was examined under the low density (1/10 of control) of L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel in model simulation, where the relation was reversed. In experiment, block of $Ca^{2+}$ uniporter on mitochondrial inner membrane significantly reduced the amplitude of mitochondrial $Ca^{2+}$ transients, while it failed to affect the cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ transients. In computer simulation, the amplitude of cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ transients was not affected by removal of $Ca^{2+}$ uniporter. The application of carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP) known as a protonophore on mitochondrial membrane to rat ventricular myocytes gradually increased the diastolic [$Ca^{2+}$] in cytosol and eventually abolished the $Ca^{2+}$ transients, which was similarly reproduced in computer simulation. The model study suggests that the relative contribution of L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel to total transsarcolemmal $Ca^{2+}$ flux could determine whether the cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ transients become bigger or smaller with higher stimulus frequency. The present study also suggests that cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ affects mitochondrial $Ca^{2+}$ in a beat-to-beat manner, however, removal of $Ca^{2+}$ influx mechanism into mitochondria does not affect the amplitude of cytosolic $Ca^{2+}$ transients.
( Youming Sun ),( Hongxiang Shao ),( Xin Liu ),( Jian Zhang ),( Junfei Qiu ),( Yuhua Xu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.11
This paper investigates the traffic offloading over unlicensed bands for two-tier multi-mode small cell networks. We formulate this problem as a Stackelberg game and apply a hierarchical learning framework to jointly maximize the utilities of both macro base station (MBS) and small base stations (SBSs). During the learning process, the MBS behaves as a leader and the SBSs are followers. A pricing mechanism is adopt by MBS and the price information is broadcasted to all SBSs by MBS firstly, then each SBS competes with other SBSs and takes its best response strategies to appropriately allocate the traffic load in licensed and unlicensed band in the sequel, taking the traffic flow payment charged by MBS into consideration. Then, we present a hierarchical Q-learning algorithm (HQL) to discover the Stackelberg equilibrium. Additionally, if some extra information can be obtained via feedback, we propose an improved hierarchical Q-learning algorithm (IHQL) to speed up the SBSs` learning process. Last but not the least, the convergence performance of the proposed two algorithms is analyzed. Numerical experiments are presented to validate the proposed schemes and show the effectiveness.