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Chemical Mechanical Planarization of Silicon Wafers at Natural pH for Green Manufacturing
Yong-Guang Wang,Yao Chen,Yong-Wu Zhao 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
In order to eliminate the disposal issues of toxic chemicals in chemical mechanical planarization, a water-based ultra-polishing experiment with alumina abrasives was investigated for silicon wafer based on Box-behnken theory. It was found that the material removal rate (MRR) was sensitive to pH value, more sensitive to the slurry flow rate, and most sensitive to the oxidizer concentration. Under the optimal conditions of oxidizer concentration (0.44%), slurry flow rate (71.86 mL/min), and natural pH (pH: 7), the highest MRR was derived. Finally, a confuse-understanding of pH on material removal was addressed as well. It was pointed out that the increase in pH leads to the initial decrease in MRR, followed by a rapid increase as pH exceeds 11.
( Yao Wang ),( Yong-dong Dai ),( Zhong-lin Yang ),( Rui Guo ),( Yuan-bing Wang ),( Zhu L. Yang ),( Lei Ding ),( Hong Yu ) 한국균학회 2021 Mycobiology Vol.49 No.4
A cordycipitoid fungus infecting Hepialidae sp. in Nepal was supposed to be identical to Cordyceps liangshanensis, originally described from southwestern China, and thus, transferred to the genus Metacordyceps or Papiliomyces in previous studies. However, our multi-gene (nrSSU-nrLSU-tef-1a-rpb1-rpb2) phylogenetic and morphological studies based on the type specimen and additional collections of C. liangshanensis revealed that the fungus belongs to the genus Ophiocordyceps (Ophiocordycipitaceae). Therefore, a new combination O. liangshanensis was made, and a detailed description of this species was provided.
( Yong-sheng Tian ),( Jing Xu ),( Lei-chen ),( Xiao-yan Fu ),( Ri-he Peng ),( Quan-hong Yao ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.10
Thermostability is an important property of xylanase because high temperature is required for its applications, such as wood pulp bleaching, baking, and animal feedstuff processing. In this study, XynB from Thermobacillus composti, a moderately thermophilic gram-negative bacterium, was modified via site-directed mutagenesis (based on its 3D structure) to obtain thermostable xylanase, and the properties of this enzyme were analyzed. Results revealed that the half-life of xylanase at 65°C increased from 10 to 50 min after a disulfide bridge was introduced between the α-helix and its adjacent β-sheet at S98 and N145. Further mutation at the side of A153E named XynB-CE in the C-terminal of this α-helix enhanced the half-life of xylanase for 60 min at 65°C. Therefore, the mutant may be utilized for industrial applications.
Yong Yao,Li-Hua Ma,Yu-Xiao Liu,Deng-Mu Cheng,Yi Qiu,Li-Sha Wu,Yun Qi 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.5
The thermodynamic properties of small metallic superconducting grains are affected by fluctuations in the order parameter and the level statistics, especially in the critical region. Here, the static path approximation was applied to deal with the fluctuations and the thermodynamic contribution of quasiparticles, and random matrix theory was applied to deal with level statistics. The specific heats were calculated numerically in the cases of even and odd number of electrons and different spins.
Transcriptional Analysis of the DNA Polymerase Gene of Bombyx mori Parvo-like Virus (China Isolate)
Yong-Jie Wang,Ke-Ping Chen,Qin Yao,Xu Han 한국미생물학회 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.2
The Bombyx mori parvo-like virus (China isolate) DNA polymerase (BmDNV-3 dnapol) gene has been tentatively identified based on the presence of conserved motifs. In the present study, we perform a transcriptional analysis of the BmDNV-3 dnapol gene using the total RNA isolated from BmDNV-3 infected silkworm at different times. Northern blot analysis with a BmDNV-3 dnapol-specific riboprobe showed a major transcript of 3.3 kb. 5′-RACE revealed that the major transcription start point was located 20 nucleotides downstream of the TATA box. In a temporal expression analysis using differential RT-PCR, BmDNV-3 dnapol transcript was detected at low levels at 6 h.p.i., increased from 6 to 36 h.p.i., and remained fairly constant thereafter. Analysis of the predicted DNA polymerase sequence using neighborjoining and protein parsimony algorithms indicated that the predicted 1115-residue polypeptide contained five motifs associated with DNA polymerases synthetic activities and three additional motifs associated with polymerases possessing 3′to 5′exonuclease activity. The molecular phylogenetic analysis of this gene supported the placement of Bombyx mori parvo-like virus in a separate virus family.
Different segregation effects for Sc and Ce in an Al/δ´ interface
Yao Jian-Gang,Jiang Yong,Yin Deng-Feng 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.78 No.8
The behaviors of Sc and Ce segregation at Al (100)/δ´(100), Al (110)/δ´(110), and Al (111)/δ´(111) interfaces were theoretically predicted to explore the differences in the segregation effects in Al–Li alloys. The results show that Sc exhibits an evident trend to segregation to the Al/δ´ interface whereas this effect for Ce seems to be weak. The variation of the segregation energy is associated with the different orientation of the corresponding interface. The preferable segregated site is on the Al matrix side where the solutes tend to substitute the Al atom at the Li site for the first layer of the corresponding interface.
( Yong Chen ),( Qingguo Liu ),( Tao Zhou ),( Bingbing Li ),( Shiwei Yao ),( An Li ),( Jing Lan Wu ),( Han Jie Ying ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.4
In this work, a fibrous bed bioreactor with high specific surface area and good adsorption efficacy for S. cerevisiae cells was used as the immobilization matrix in the production of ethanol. In batch fermentation, an optimal ethanol concentration of 91.36 g/l and productivity of 4.57 g l-1 h-1 were obtained at an initial sugar concentration of 200 g/l. The ethanol productivity achieved by the immobilized cells was 41.93% higher than that obtained from free cells. Ethanol production in a 22-cycle repeated batch fermentation demonstrated the enhanced stability of the immobilized yeast cells. Under continuous fermentation in packed-bed reactors, a maximum ethanol concentration of 108.14 g/l and a productivity of 14.71 g l-1 h-1 were attained at 35oC, and a dilution rate of 0.136 h-1 with 250 g/l glucose.
Radio-Sensitization by Piper longumine of Human Breast Adenoma MDA-MB-231 Cells in Vitro
Yao, Jian-Xin,Yao, Zhi-Feng,Li, Zhan-Feng,Liu, Yong-Biao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7
Background: The current study investigated the effects of Piper longumine on radio-sensitization of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in vitro and those in logarithmic growth phase were selected for experiments divided into four groups: control, X-ray exposed, Piper longumine, and Piper longumine combined with X-rays. Conogenic assays were performed to determine the radio-sensitizing effects. Cell survival curves were fitted by single-hit multi-target model and then the survival fraction (SF), average lethal dose ($D_0$), quasi-threshold dose ($D_q$) and sensitive enhancement ratio (SER) were calculated. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Western blot assays were employed for expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bc1-2 and Bax) after treatment with Piper longumine and/or X-ray radiation. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by FCM with a DCFH-DA probe. Results: The cloning formation capacity was decreased in the group of piperlongumine plus radiation, which displayed the values of SF2, D0, Dq significantly lower than those of radiation alone group and the sensitive enhancement ratio (SER) of D0 was1.22 and 1.29, respectively. The cell apoptosis rate was increased by the combination treatment of Piper longumine and radiation. Piper longumine increased the radiation-induced intracellular levels of ROS. Compared with the control group and individual group, the combination group demonstrated significantly decreased expression of Bcl-2 with increased Bax. Conclusions: Piper longumine at a non-cytotoxic concentration can enhance the radio-sensitivity of MDA-MB-231cells, which may be related to its regulation of apoptosis-related protein expression and the increase of intracellular ROS level, thus increasing radiation-induced apoptosis.
Laminarin enhances the quality of aged pig oocytes by reducing oxidative stress
YAO, Xuerui,JIANG, Hao,LIANG, Shuang,SHEN, Xinghui,GAO, Qingshan,XU, Yong Nan,KIM, Nam-Hyung 家畜繁殖硏究所 2018 Journal of Reproduction and Development Vol.64 No.6
<P>Laminarin (LAM) is a β-glucan oligomer known to possess biological activities such as anticancer and antioxidant effects. This study explored the influence of LAM supplementation on <I>in vitro</I> aged porcine oocytes and the underlying mechanisms behind this influence. We found that LAM delayed the aging process and improved the quality of aged oocytes. LAM supplementation enhanced the subsequent developmental competence of aged oocytes during the <I>in vitro</I> aging process. The blastocyst formation rate was significantly increased in aged oocytes treated with 20 µg/ml LAM compared to non-treated aged oocytes (45.3% <I>vs</I>. 28.7%, P < 0.01). The mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes, B cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein (<I>Bax)</I> and <I>Caspase-3,</I> were significantly lower in blastocysts derived from the LAM-treated aged oocytes during the <I>in vitro</I> aging process. Furthermore, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species was significantly decreased and that of glutathione was significantly increased in aged oocytes following LAM treatment. Mitochondrial membrane potential was increased, and the activities of caspase-3 and cathepsin B were significantly reduced in the LAM-treated aged oocytes compared with the non-treated aged oocytes. Taken together, these results suggest that LAM is beneficial for delaying the aging process in porcine oocytes.</P>