김영삼정부하에서의 정치개혁 평가 : 통합선거법 제·개정을 중심으로 focused on the election law

최용섭 광주보건대학 1998 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of political reforms, with special reference to election law and political fund law in Kim(Kim Young Sam)'s Government. To achieve a purpose of this study, accordingly, this article is classified into three parties as follows; 1. political reforms and Kirn's government 2. political reforms and the process of revising laws related to election 3-evaluation on the results of political reforms Since the inauguration of the Kirn's govemmnet, the ruling and opposition parties have been negotiating over the political reform issues, which had led to the creation of a special committee at the House. The election law has been revised at Stimes since legislation in 1994. The election law is controversial issue on how to introduce political reform programs between the ruling party and the opposition party. The bill for political reform law marks a major turning point in Korea's political culture as it will cut costs for elections which previously have been marked by runaway spending. During the Kirn's government, the National Assembly has delibrated major bills related to political reform programs, which' include measures that guarantee the political neutrality of law enforcement authorities, laws managing the election process, laws related to political donation, the broadcast media. In the negotiating process, the primary interest of parties is whether the new bill on the election laws should affect their interests friendly or not. In delibrating, the opposition parties tried to improve their weak status in their pursuit of revising the election laws and other new reform measures. On the otherhand, the ruling party tried to maintain it's dominated status in the political competition. With the passage of the many bills on political reform issues, it's results are very limited. The ruling and opposition camps have taken an adamant position over the political reform issue, carefully weighing its impacts on their parties. Once the measures become law, there will be no room for the parties to renege on their legal commitments to political and election reforms. In the 8th revision, a bill for political reforms, which contains provisions abolishing the current political donation system and large outdoor campaign rallies. More significant is the provision calling for banning large outdoor rallies that require large sums of money for organizing and gathering an audience, which go against the effort to get rid of costly politics. To recall, under the provision, money was mostly funneled to the ruling party and its members, while opposition parties were mostly denied receiving donations. In conclusion, the parties failed to achieve the goals of the political reform, a reform bill must contains various programs to ensure fair elections and promote clean politics with emphasis on less expensive campaigns and partisan activities.

民主化 推進 모델에 대한 序說的 硏究

崔龍燮 광주보건대학 1993 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Recent transition from authoritarianism to democracy in several of the third states have generated renewed interest in central questions about the proper paths toward democracy. In present, the phenomena of democratization regarded as an universal trends. In view of Samuel p. Huntington, such trends characterized the third waves. The object of this study is to build the model of democratization in comparing democratizating states. In order to compare states use cross national research. The term of this paper is from 1970 to 1990. By this time there has been many analyses on the paths toward democracy, but has scarcely been study using the abstractizied variables. In view of 0'Donell and Philippe Schimitter, in spite of the differences in cultural, historical and environmetal backgrounds, there have been common trends and similarities in the process of democratization of the transitional states. A central assumption of this study is that the democratization of each states can be classified. The tasks of this study, then, are conceptual and contextual. How should we conceptualize the type of paths? Thus, in this paper, we tired to build the model of democratization in using the four variables - the actor of promotion, the velocity of promotion and the scope and method of promotion. On abstract ad historical grounds, we can propose three types of democratization,--democratization from above, democratization from below and symmetrical balanced types. In each types, there is selective affinity between four variables. For example, in democratization from above the actor of promotion is the ruling civilian and military, velocity is gradual, scope is narrow, sequences and method is continual and compromise. In conclusion, it is possible to classify the paths toward democracy on the context in spite of differences.

鹽化物 含有梁에 따른 鐵分 腐蝕에 관한 實驗的 硏究

최진석,조철희,신용석,고송균,손순채,김정섭 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

As a result of separating river sand and sea sand into the corrosion increased according to the of thinnss or the coating and the Chloride Content and Corrosion of Steel Bar through the experiment, the following conclusions are obtained. 1. There was no corrosion in the case of treating the steel bar with anticorrosive among test specimens cured in the air for 60 days, corrosion was found in the test specimens not treated with anticorrosive and for 60 days of age. 2. The area of corrosion increased according to the thinnss of the coating and the chloride content wher exposed for are more than 60 days. Therefore, it was determined in general that the corrosion progressed more rapidly in water cured specimens than in air cured ones and this was due to the influence of C1_(￣) in the sea sand.

한국 정당정치의 저발전과 극복방안에 관한 연구 : 정당의 조직적 특성을 중심으로 focused on the Organization of Politica Parties

최용섭 광주보건대학 2001 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Korean politics were changed dramatically by the 1988 legislative elections. After 1988 there was significant political liberalization, including greater freedom of the press, greater freedoms of expression and assembly, and the restoration of the civil rights of former detainees. In free and fair elections in December 1992, Kim Young-sam became Korea's first civilian president in nearly 30 years. Kim Dae-jung won the December 1997 presidential election. The trend toward greater democratization continued. However the level of political parties were evaluated very low and underdevelopment in Korea. In present, Korean political parties have capitalized on regional rivalry for their partisan motives. The outcome is the appearance of regional parties whose political strength is not based on policies or platforms but on the exploitation of regional sentiments. This article sheds light on the dilemmas, problems,and contradictions of political parties arising from democratic consolidation in Korea. I explore the characteristics of Korean political parties from the first Republic to the Kim Young Sam regime, assess the problems that has been made, and identify the key social, cultural, and political obstacles to effective and stable development of the political parties in Korea. In conclusion, I suggest some kinds of key solution for overcoming the underdevelopment status of political parties in Korea.

선거제도의 개혁 : 정당명부식 비례대표제에 대한 고찰 focused on the proportional representation system

최용섭 광주보건대학 1999 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

The object of this study is to analyze the present electoral system and present an alternative reform bill including constituency system and the proportional representation system. The problems of the present electoral system are summarized to the 'high-cost, low-efficiency', 'chronic regional antagonism'. In this situation, the ruling party and the opposition party are confronted with the method and contents in the election reform bills. The object of the political and election reform bills in the ruling coalition camp-the ruling coalition National Congress for New Politics (NCNP) and United Liberal Democrats (ULD)-roughly aimed at eradicating the 'high-cost, low-efficiency' political structure. Envisioned under the reform bills in the ruling coalition camp are, among other things, the reduction in the number of seats in the National Assembly(299→270); adoption of a multi-seat, medium-size constituency system; the abolition of the political parties' local chapters and downsizing of the central parties; the adoption of a new proportional representation election formula, and a strengthened public election management. The most feature of the new bills is the adoption of a new proportional representation system under which voters are expected to cast two ballots, one for regional candidates and the other for the party of their choice. The number of votes cast for the parties would determine the winners of the proportional seats. The present proportional representation system provides the distribution of seats in proportion to the number of lawmakers elected in constituency races. Introducing the proportional representation system, the ruling coalition is sure of achieving the goal of preventing any single party from winning almost all the seats in a given province, thus helping overcome chronic regional antagonism. The proportional representation system under which each party is given Assembly seats in accordance with the votes becomes nationwide. However, the opposition Grand National Party (GNP) rejected the electoral reform bills. Nevertheless, there is no denying that the new reform program must be designed to put an end to the current political system requiring high cost with low efficiency. In order to realize the goals, all possible means must be mobilized. In the midst of them, the proportional representation system are recommended as the most useful means by the political scientists. Indeed, political reform is regarded as imperative for 'Rebuilding Korea' like other social spheres. Now is the time to accelerate the pace of efforts to remake the stagnant political landscape.

Xe 평판형 플라즈마 광원의 전극 구조에 따른 전자계 특성

최용성,이경섭 동신대학교 2006 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

Discharge of the flat lamp lighting source research are requested very much. For improving brightness, life time, efficiency of flat lamp and plasma diagnosis of the flat lamp lighting source to understand property of lighting source is very important. In this paper, we changed a tip shape of an electrode for production by the most suitable LCD backlight surface light source, and confirmed discharge characteristic along discharge gas pressure and voltage, and confirmed electric field distribution and discharge energy characteristic through a Maxwell 2D simulation. Therefore the discharge firing voltage characteristic showed a low characteristic than a rectangular type and round type in case of electrode which used tip of a triangle type, and displayed a discharge electric current as a same voltage was low. When a distance of discharge electrode is 5.5mm and width is 16.5mm, we measured electron temperature and ion density measured with single Langmuir probe in flat lamp. We tested the discharge from 100 Torr to 300 Torr pressure. The pulse type was rectangular with frequency 20kHz and duty ratio was 20%. In result, electron temperature decreased and electron density increased as increase the gas pressure and electron temperature decreases and electron density increase as increase the voltage.

Urapidil, Labetalol의 투여가 기관내 삽관시 심혈관계에 미치는 영향

신용섭,윤석화,손수창,이원형,이정은,황원재,김만수,김영주,김혜자,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.2

We have examined the comparative efficacy of small doses of intravenous urapidil and labetalol in blunting hemodynamic response to endotracheal intubation and surgical incision in 30 patients without cardiovascular diseases. After intravenous urapidil 0.2 mg/kg or labetalol 0.2 mg/kg anesthesia was induced with thiopental 5mg/kg. Endotracheal intubation was facilitated by vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg with priming principle and anesthesia was maintained with enflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and heart rate were measured before administration of the drugs, 5 minute after administration, just prior to endotracheal intubation and 1, 3, 5, 10 minute after intubatin. Also the peak blood pressures and heart rate within 10 minutes after surgical incision were measured. Endotracheal intubation and surgical stimulation were associated with significant increases in blood pressures and heart rate in both urapidil and labetalol group. Comparison of the changes in systolic, diastolic, and mean artrial pressures and heart rate between urapidil and labetalol group showed no significant difference except peak systolic pressure after surgical incision. It is concluded that the pressor response to endotracheal intubation and surgical stimulation are not influenced significantly by urapidil 0.2 mg/kg or labetalol 0.2 mg/kg. However, urapidil and labetalol preloading may be similarly effective in the blunting of the increases in blood pressures with larger doses of the durgs during anesthetic induction.

先加力 후 補修-補强한 鐵筋콘크리트 壓縮部材의 構造特性에 관한 實驗的 硏究

신용석,최진석,김판선,조철희,손순채,김정섭 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

This study examined the Stress and structural characteristics of reinforced concrete compressive member repair and strengthening by CFS and GFS after pre-loading. The following results were obtained. The results of compressive testing by the kind of fiber suggested that: In CFS, Specimen increased by about 26.9% and strengthening after pre-loading, by about 111.8%, compared with after strengthening, In GFS, Specimen increased by about 69.0% and repaired and models after pre-loading, by about 76.7%, compared with after strengthening. In the compressive testing, strengthen with CFS-Specimen showed a brittle fracture and strengthen with GFS-Specimen represented ductile fracture. More increasing in stress of Specimen, and repair and Strengthening specimen after pre-loading than loading specimen after strengthening suggested the strengthen effect of fiber.

集中降雨時 無限斜面의 剪斷强度特性에 關한 實驗的 硏究

심태섭,김선학,신태욱,최용준 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2004 建設技術硏究 Vol.24 No.2

Granite weathered soil obtained from the cutting slope is divided into two sample materials of SM and SP on the basis of the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS), manufactured the model slope consisting of these, and the pore water pressure and the depth of seepage according to the inclination of the slope and the precipitation strength are measured. From the result of the experiment, the pore water pressure is increased in proportion to the precipitation strength, which is proportionally increased to the inclination of the slope and tends to be decreased when it meets the steep slope of more than 1:1.5. The speed of seepage to the slope in accordance with the precipitation is turned out fast when the inclination of the slope is gentle; according to the result of the Lumbs suggested formula, the actual speed of seepage is faster than the theoretical speed. The shear strength within the slope is decreased as the precipitation strength increases, and since it shows the minimum value at the inclination of the slope in 1:1.5, it can be said that the shear strength declines due to the' increase of the pore water pressure within the slope. Also the slope consisting of SP is faster in the seepage compared to that of SM: and the likelihood of the slope failure is a lot bigger as the shear strength greatly declines with the much increase of the pore water pressure.

Vecuronium에 의한 기관내 삽관시 안압 및 심맥관계에 미치는 영향

신용섭,이정은,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1988 충남의대잡지 Vol.15 No.1

The effects of muscle relaxants(vecuronium, pancuronium, d-tubocurarine, and succinylcholine) for endotracheal intubation on intraocular pressure, blood pressure, heart rate, and arrhythmia were studied in 60 patients undergoing general anesthesia, The patients were divided into 4 groups : vecuronium group (0. 1 mg/kg), pancuronium group (0.08 mg/kg), d-tubocurarine group(0.4 mg/kg), and succinylcholine group(1 mg/kg) according to be administrated. Before induction of anesthesia, initial measurement of intraocular pressure (control value) was taken with Schiotz tonometer after instilling of a 0. 5% pontocaine on conjunctival sac. Subsequent measurement were undertaken as soon as the lid reflex was lost after thiopental sodium injection and then at 75-100% depression of first twitch height of train-of-four after intravenous administration of muscle relaxants. It was measured at 1, 3, 5, 10 minutes after endotracheal intubation too. Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), heart rate, and ECG abnormalities were observed in all cases. The results were as follows; 1. After thiopental sodium injection, intraocular pressure(IOP) decreased than the control value. 2. At 70-100% depression of first twitch height, IOP decreaeed significantly in vecuronium, pancuronium and d-tubocurarine group, but increased significantly in succinylcholine group than the control value. 3. After 1 minute of endotracheal intubation, IOP increased in all groups. There was no stastistical significance in vecuronium group compared with the control value. 4. After 3 minutes of endotracheal intubation, IOP decreased in all groups. 5. The changes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in vecuronium group were the smallest value among all groups. 6. There was no arrythmia in vecurouium group.