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Quan, Yu Hua,Kim, Byungji,Park, Ji-Ho,Choi, Yeonho,Choi, Young Ho,Kim, Hyun Koo Informa Healthcare 2014 Experimental lung research Vol.40 No.10
<P>In spite of severe side effects, chemotherapy is widely used as a major anticancer treatment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In order to enhance the therapeutic properties and reduce side effects, enormous efforts have been devoted to direct anticancer agents specifically to tumor tissues by the use of nanoparticles, or cancer cell marker attached drugs. However, cell-specific chemotherapy is still in its infancy and is not applicable to all types of cancers due to the complexity of the cancer occurrence and progress. In this study, we demonstrate that hyaluronan (HA)-conjugated cisplatin has highly selective and sensitive anticancer effects in NSCLC cells that overexpress the trans-membrane receptor, CD44, as HA is a specific ligand for CD44. In proliferation experiments, HA-conjugated cisplatin showed dramatic cell viability decreases (from 100% to 42.31%) in H1299 cells, which overexpress CD44, whereas no such change was observed in A549 and HFL1, which have little to no expression of CD44. More importantly, conjugation with HA decreased the dosage concentration of cisplatin by 50-fold for both cytotoxic and anti-metastatic effects. In addition, HA-cisplatin conjugate treatment selectively decreased migration (from 100% to 7.8%) and invasiveness (from 100% to 21.4%, respectively) of H1299. Based on our experimental results, we strongly believe that HA-cisplatin conjugate is a potential anticancer chemo-agent, which target CD44 overexpression in NSCLC, with minimal side effects and high therapeutic properties.</P>
Soonju Lee,Yeonho Yu,Jina Ku,Junghwa Ra 전북대학교 부설 휴양및경관계획연구소 2015 휴양및경관연구 (J East Asian Landscape Studies) Vol.9 No.2
본 연구는 대전광역시 서구에 위치한 월평공원 내 탐방로를 대상으로 탐방로의 훼손현황, 주연부 식물상을 조사하여 훼손유형에 따른 관리방안을 도출하여 보다 쾌적한 도시자연공원을 조성하는 데 필요한 기초자료를 제시하고자 수행하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 탐방로 폭 조사 결과 평균 폭은 3.5m이었다. 탐방로 훼손유형별로는 노면분기형이 2회(4.76%)로 가장 낮은 빈도를 보였으며, 노폭확대형이 3회(7.14%), 분기샛길형 4회(9.52%), 급경사형 5회(11.90%), 노면세굴형과 암반노출형이 각각 6회(14.29%), 노면침식형 7회(16.67%), 수목뿌리노출 9회(21.43%)로 나타났다. 즉, 2.07㎞의 탐방로 구간에서 총 훼손 발생 지역이 42곳으로서 탐방로의 훼손이 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탐방로 주연부에서 총 51과 111속 138종의 식물종이 확인되었으며, 귀화율은 12.4%, 도시화지수는 5.9%로 나타났다. 탐방로 주변으로 확산되는 훼손의 진행단계와 범위를 파악하기 위하여 환경 피해도 조사 결과, 환경 피해도 0~2등급은 나타나지 않았다. 3등급은 훼손유형 1개와 훼손지역 2곳, 4등급은 훼손유형 3개와 훼손지역 8곳으로 조사되었으며, 5등급의 경우 훼손유형 6개와 훼손지역 4곳, 6등급은 훼손유형 6개와 훼손지역 2곳으로 조사되었다. 암반지역은 훼손유형 2개와 훼손지역 2곳으로 나타났고, 포장지역은 훼손유형 2개와 훼손지역 12곳으로 나타났다. 종합적으로 볼 때, 월평 공원의 탐방로의 훼손상태는 심각한 수준이다. 특히 월평공원은 접근성이 뛰어나 이용객이 꾸준히 늘어나고 있으므로 조속한 대책이 강구되어야 한다. This study concerns a trail in Wolpyeong park in Seogu, Daejeon City; it aims to present basic data necessary for creating a more pleasant urban nature park by investigating the status of damage to the trail and flora in the ecotone and then devising restoration plans depending on the types of damage. The results of this study are as follows. Our measurement showed that the average width of the trail was 3.5m. Regarding the types of damage to the trail, we found, in ascending order, two cases of road divergence (4.76%), three cases of path widening (7.14%), four cases of diverging side roads (9.52%), five cases of steep sloping (11.90%), six cases of road scouring (14.29%), six cases of bedrock exposure (14.29%), seven cases of road erosion (16.67%), and nine cases of tree root exposure (21.43%). In sum, a total of 42 seriously damaged trail segments were found within a 2.07 km section of the trail. Additionally, in total, 51 families, 111 genera, and 138 species of flora were identified in the ecotone of the trail. The naturalization index and urbanization index were measured at 12.4% and 5.9%, respectively. We examined the degree of environmental damage to determine the phase and range of deterioration that has spread around the trail. The degree of environmental damage was absent between grades 0 and 2. Grade 3 had one type of damage and two damaged areas; grade 4 had three types of damage and eight damaged areas; grade 5 had six types of damage and four damaged areas; and grade 6 had six types of damage and two damaged areas. The bedrock area had two types of damage and two damaged areas, whereas the pavement area had two types of damage and 12 damaged areas. Overall, the damage to the trail in Wolpyeong Park was found to be serious. In particular, considering that easy access to Wolpyeong Park has attracted an increasing volume of visitors, countermeasures should be devised quickly.
Bae, Songmee,Lee, Jaehoon,Lee, Jaehwa,Kim, Eunah,Lee, Sunhwa,Yu, Jaeyon,Kang, Yeonho American Society for Microbiology 2010 Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol.54 No.1
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and β-lactam resistance mechanisms of 544 <I>Haemophilus influenzae</I> isolates through the nationwide Acute Respiratory Infections Surveillance (ARIS) network in Korea during 2005 and 2006 were determined. Resistance to ampicillin was 58.5%, followed by resistance to cefuroxime (23.3%), clarithromycin (18.7%), cefaclor (17.0%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (10.4%), and chloramphenicol (8.1%). Levofloxacin and cefotaxime were the most active agents tested in this study. β-Lactamase production (52.4%) was the main mechanism of ampicillin resistance, affecting 96.1% of TEM-1-type β-lactamase. According to their β-lactam resistance mechanisms, all isolates were classified into the following groups: β-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-sensitive (BLNAS) strains (<I>n</I> = 224; 41.5%); β-lactamase-positive, ampicillin-resistant (BLPAR) strains (<I>n</I> = 255; 47.2%); β-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) strains (<I>n</I> = 33; 6.1%); and β-lactamase-positive, amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant (BLPACR) strains (<I>n</I> = 28; 5.2%). Among the BLNAR and BLPACR strains, there were various patterns of multiple-amino-acid substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 3. Particularly, among BLNAR, group III isolates, which had three simultaneous substitutions (Met377Ile, Ser385Thr, and Leu389Phe), were identified for the first time in Korea. Three group III strains displayed the highest MIC of cefotaxime (1 to 2 μg/ml). The results indicate the importance of monitoring a changing situation pertaining to the increase and spread of BLNAR and BLPACR strains of <I>H. influenzae</I> for appropriate antibiotic therapy for patients with respiratory tract infections in Korea.</P>
Songmee Bae,Jaehoon Lee,Eunah Kim,Jaehwa Lee,Jaeyon Yu,Yeonho Kang 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.1
Haemophilus influenzae is a frequent causative bacterial pathogen of respiratory tract infections. Resistance to β-lactam antibiotics has been a significant clinical problem in treatment for H. influenzae respiratory infections. This study describes the serotype, antibiotic resistance and distribution of TEM-1 or ROB-1 β-lactamase in H. influenzae isolates from local private hospitals from 2002 to 2004. Among the 100 H. influenzae respiratory isolates, only 7% were identified as serotypes a, b, e, and f, with the remaining 93%being nontypeable. Resistance to ampicillin, cefaclor, and tetracycline was 57%, 46%, and 16%, respectively. All strains were susceptible to azithromycin and ciprofloxacin, whereas amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefotaxime,and imipenem exhibited reduced susceptibilities of 99%, 99%, and 91%, respectively. All 57 ampicillinresistant strains (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC≥4 µg/ml) were β-lactamase-positive and possessed the TEM-1 type β-lactamase. One β-lactamase-positive amoxicillin/clavulanate-resistant isolate that was resistant to ampicillin (MIC>128 µg/ml) had the TEM-1 type β-lactamase and not susceptible to cefaclor and cefotaxime. Analysis of penicillin binding protein 3 revealed six residues (Asp-350, Met-377, Ala-502, Asn-526, Val-547, and Asn-569) that were substituted by Asn, Ile, Val, Lys, Ile, and Ser, respectively.