Psychological and behavioral performance of female players under the background of feminism - Honor of Kings

Zhou Yaqi(주아기),Liu Shanshan(유산산),Lee Jong-yoon(이종윤) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2021 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.63

MOBA게임은 매우 유행하는 게임 유형이다. Honor of Kings은 MOBA와 모바일 게임의 장점을 모두 갖추고 있다. 2017년 기준 1억 명이 넘는 여성 사용자가 Honor of Kings를 즐기고 있으며, 중국 시장에서의 성과를 성공적으로 이끌어 내고 있기에 본 연구에서는 Honor of Kings가 어떻게 많은 여성 게이머들을 유치했는지에 대해 연구했다. 페미니즘 이론의 측면에서 살펴볼 때, 여성 게이머들이 Honor of Kings에서 어떻게 체험을 하고 있는 지를 이해하는 것이 필요하다. 여성 게이머들의 체험이 어떻게 게임 디자인에 영향을 미치고 게임 시장과 어떠한 연결점이 있는지는 게임 산업의 전반적인 발전에 기인한다는 의미를 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 15명의 여성에 대한 인터뷰를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 내렸다. 첫째, 여성 게이머들은 게임을 진행할 때 여성 캐릭터를 선택하는 경향이 있다. 이것은 인물의 ‘외재 미’와 관계가 있다고 본다. 둘째, Honor of Kings에서 일부 캐릭터의 성별은 여성에게 더욱 적합하기 때문에 대중들에게 딱딱한 인상을 주었고, 이는 여성들이 ‘법사’나 ‘보조’ 캐릭터 역할만 맡아야 한다는 인식이 자리 잡고 있다. 셋째, Honor of Kings에서 여성 게이머들이 차별당하는 것은 단순히 남성 게이머 뿐만 아니라 여성 게이머들도 종종 자신의 능력을 부인하는 경향이 있다. 넷째, 다른 성별로 인해 여성 게이머들은 Honor of Kings 중 특권이 있거나 도움이 되는 지에 대해 서로 다른 견해를 지니고 있다. 이는 여타 게임 모델과 관련성이 있다. 다섯째, 여자 게이머들이 성차별 등의 불평등한 문제를 인지할 때 이를 해결하고자 하는 반응을 보인다. 여섯째, Honor of Kings에서 성비와 공정성을 강화시키려고 한다. 예를 들어 보고 제도를 구축하고 다양한 게임 모델을 개발하여 게이머들이 다양한 선택할 수 있도록 한다. 마지막으로, Honor of Kings에서 영웅 이미지 디자인은 여성 게이머에게 더욱 호의적이다. 캐릭터의 예쁜 피부는 더욱 많은 여성 사용자들을 끌어들이며, 이는 Honor of Kings에 적지 않은 수입을 증대시켰다. 본 논문의 연구결과는 Honor of Kings이 더욱 완성 될 수 있도록 도와주고 캐릭터 포지셔닝, 캐릭터 디자인, 공평 제도, 게임 경쟁 모델 등 측면에서 다른 유형의 게임에도 참고 의미를 제공할 수 있다. MOBA games are a very popular genre of games. Honor of Kings has the advantages of both MOBA and mobile games. In 2017, it had over 100 million female players. As a very successful game in the Chinese market, how this game attracts so many female players is explored in this study. From the perspective of feminist theory, it is necessary to understand the experience of female player in this game. How the experience of female player is reflected in the design of the game and how it is connected with the market is of promoting significance to the development of the entire game industry. Therefore, through interviews with 15 females, this study draws the following conclusions: 1. Female players tend to choose female characters in games. This has to do with the character’s “external beauty” factor. 2. Because the gender of certain characters in the game is more suitable for women, it has created a public stereotype that women only play the position of “Mage” or “Support”. 3. It is not only male players who discriminate against female players in the game. Female player also denies her abilities. 4. Female players have different views on whether they enjoy privileges or help in the game because of their gender. The associated with the different modes of game. 5. When female players are subjected to gender discrimination and abuse, they will resist. 6. Honor of Kings tries to balance the gender ratio and fairness in its games, such as establishing a reporting system and developing multiple game modes for players to choose from. 7. The game is more female-friendly when it comes to hero image design. The beautiful skin attracted a large number of female users and brought in a lot of money for the game. The results of this research can help the game to improve better and provide some learning and reference significance for other similar games in the aspects of character positioning, character design, fair system and game competition mode.

Effect of different concentrations of hypotaurine on melanosis and quality of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) during refrigeration

Zhou, Jiaying,Ying, Yubin,Zhou, Yaqi,Li, Gaoshang,Hu, Yaqin The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2022 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.25 No.4

Effect of different concentrations of hypotaurine (HTU) on melanosis and quality of shrimps during 10 d storage in ice were studied. During refrigeration, the total plate count and total volatile basic nitrogen of shrimps treated with 20 g/L HTU were the lowest, and the hardness and microstructure were the best. Moreover, the score of melanoses, pH and total bile acid of shrimps treated with 20 g/L HTU were also low. Sensory evaluation showed that HTU treatment could make the shelf life of shrimps 3-4 days longer compared with the control. Based on the above physical and chemical indexes, 20 g/L HTU showed great potential as a safe inhibitor in the treatment of shrimps' melanosis.

Research on the Uses and Gratifications of Tiktok(Douyin short video)

Zhou Yaqi,Jong-Yoon Lee,Shanshan Liu 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 International Journal of Contents Vol.17 No.1

The Role of China Douyin Short Video App During COVID-19

Yaqi Zhou,Jong Yoon Lee,Shanshan Liu,Hao Fan 한국콘텐츠학회 2022 International Journal of Contents Vol.18 No.2

Effect of Phellinus linteus polysaccharides on improving polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) induced by letrozole in SD rats

Yaqi Wu,Chaojie Chong,Zhewen Dong,Zixian Wang,Haokun Chen,Shumei Zhong,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song,Yanyuan Zhou 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

To explore the ameliorative effect of Phellinus linteus polysaccharide(PLP) on letrozole-induced PCOS rats. A total of 32 female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, PCOS group, metformin group and PLP group, and weighed every three days. The estrous cycle of rats was observed by vaginal smear ten days before sacrifice. The estrous cycle of PCOS rats was disordered, the ovaries showed polycystic changes and the body weight and the relative weight of the ovaries increased (P<0.05). The estrous cycle, polycystic ovary, body weight and relative weight of the ovaries in PLP group and Metformin group recovered significantly (P<0.05). The serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FINS, T, LH, E2 and FSH were detected by ELISA kits. After treatment, the serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, FINS, T, LH and LH/FSH in the PLP group and Metformin group were lower than PCOS group (P<0.05). In addition, the serum levels of E2, FSH and HDL-C were increased (P<0.05) in the PLP group and Metformin group. The results showed that Phellinus linteus polysaccharides can ameliorate glucose and lipid metabolism, polycystic ovary and regulate the levels of sex hormones in PCOS rats.

Effect of Grifola frondosa polysaccharides (GFPS) on the improvement of clinical symptoms in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats

Chaojie Chong,Yaqi Wu,Zhewen Dong,Zixian Wang,Shumei Zhong,Haokun Chen,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song,Yanyuan Zhou 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

This study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of GFPS on clinical symptoms in letrozole(1 mg/kg)-induced PCOS rats. The female SD rats were classified into 4 groups as follows: the normal group (gavaged with saline), the PCOS group(ingested letrozole daily for 21 days). Normal group and metformin group gavaged with letrozole followed by metformin (265 mg/kg) and GFPS(600 mg/kg), respectively. All rats were weighed every 3 days until the end of the experiment. The ovaries, perirenal, abdomen and periuterine fat were removed and the relative weights (g/bw×100) were calculated. Serum levels of FSH, LH, E2, T, TG, TC, LDL-C were measured by ELISA and calculated the LH/FSH ratio. GFPS reduced follicle number and increases granulosa cell layer thickness and luteal number. GFPS also reduced the increase of body weight, ovarian and visceral fat weight in PCOS rats (P<0.01). In addition, GFPS reduced the serum levels of T, LH/FSH, TC, TG, LDL-C and LH, and elevated the serum levels of E2 and FSH in PCOS rats. In conclusion, GFPS can improve follicular development and restore body weight, ovarian weight, serum hormone levels and lipid profile in PCOS rats.

Rhamnocitrin (Rha) attenuates ovarian fibrosis in rats with letrozole-induced experimental polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Huan Lan,Zhewen Dong,Yaqi Wu,Chaojie Chong,Zhiqiang Liu,Wanying Li,Zixian Wang,Junyang Liu,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song,Yanyuan Zhou 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

In this study, we investigated the antifibrotic effects of Rha on letrozole-induced PCOS in rats. Rha treatment restored letrozole-induced alterations in the body weight (BW), relative weights of the ovaries, and relative weights of uterine and visceral adipose tissues. Histological observation showed that Rha reduced the number of atretic follicles, cystic follicles, and fibrosis of the ovaries in the PCOS rats. Administration of Rha reduced letrozole-induced metabolic dysfunction by decreasing the serum levels of TG and TC and increasing the levels of HDL-C in the PCOS rats. Rha treatment also modulated the serum levels of sex hormones, which decreased the LH, E2 and T and increased the FSH in PCOS rats. Finally, Rha treatment appeared to increase the activity of PPAR-γ, reduce the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway, and reduce the collagen I, α-SMA and CTGF levels in the ovaries of the PCOS rats. Our results demonstrated that Rha significantly ameliorated metabolic disturbances and ovarian fibrosis in the letrozole-induced PCOS rats. Rha may be an effective compound in preventing ovarian fibrosis in the future.

Sinapic acid(SA) attenuated the letrozole-induced ovarian fibrosis and modulated the abolic disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) SD rat

Huan Lan,Zhewen Dong,Yaqi Wu,Chaojie Chong,Zhiqiang Liu,Wanying Li,Zixian Wang,Junyang Liu,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song,Yanyuan Zhou 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

This study investigated the antifibrotic effects of SA on ovarian fibrosis in letrozole-induced PCOS in rats. SA treatment restored letrozole-induced alterations in the body weight (BW), relative weights of the ovaries, and visceral adipose tissues. Histological observation showed that SA reduced the number of atretic follicles, cystic follicles, and fibrosis of the ovaries in PCOS rats. SA treatment also modulated the serum levels of sex hormones, which decreased the luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) and increased the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in PCOS rats. Administration of SA reduced letrozole-induced metabolic dysfunction by decreasing the serum levels of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) and increasing the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in PCOS rats. Finally, SA treatment appeared to increase the activity of PPAR-γ, reduce the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway, and reduce the collagen I, α-SMA and CTGF levels in the ovaries of the PCOS rats. Our results demonstrated that SA significantly ameliorated ovarian fibrosis and abolic disturbances in the letrozole-induced PCOS rats.

Effect of chitosan coating combined with hypotaurine on the quality of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during storage

Meiyu Chen,Lingping Hu,Zhiheng Hu,Yaqi Zhou,Gaoshang Li,Yaoxian Chin,Yaqin Hu 한국수산과학회 2022 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.25 No.2

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different coating materials on the quality of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during chilled storage for 10 days. Fresh shrimp were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the hypotaurine treatment group (2%), the chitosan group (1%), the hypotaurine + chitosan group (2% hypotaurine solution with 1% of chitosan), and the sodium metabisulfite treatment group (1.25%). Compared with other treatments, the lower accumulation of total visible counts (TVC, 5.25 Log10 CFU/g), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N, 22.5 mg/100 g) and thiobarbituric acid values (TBA, 0.58 mg MDA/ kg) suggested that coating of chitosan-hypotaurine could retard the microbial activity, protein degradation and lipid oxidation of shrimp. Meanwhile, results demonstrated that the chitosan coating combined with hypotaurine showed an excellent performance in inhibiting quality deterioration (pH 7.5, ΔE 7.0, hardness 393 g, and elasticity 0.69). Furthermore, the melanosis degree of shrimp was alleviated, and the sensory parameters, including appearance, odor and texture, were maintained to the acceptable level by chitosan based hypotaurine treatment during the chilled storage.

Effect of Antrodia camphorata polysaccharides on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model rats

Zhiqiang Liu,Chaojie Chong,Zhewen Dong,Yaqi Wu,Wanying Li,Haokun Chen,Shumei Zhong,Junyang Liu,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song,Yanyuan Zhou 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

To investigate the effect of ACP on letrozole-induced PCOS rats. All rats were divided into normal groups, PCOS group, metformin group and ACP group. The body weight (BW) was recorded every three days, and the final body weight as well as ovarian weight were recorded. Serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and E2, T, FSH and LH were measured by ELISA assay, and the LH/FSH ratio was calculated. The results showed that ACP decreased the BW and the ratio of ovarian to BW. Compared with the normal group, the serum levels of T, LH, LH/FSH, TG, TC, LDL-C increased, and the levels of FSH, E2, HDL-C decreased in PCOS group. ACP effectively improves the serum levels of FSH, LH/FSH, TG, TC, LDL-C and other related factors. The results of H&E staining of ovarian tissues showed that the ACP group showed different degrees of improvement in the reduced number of corpus luteum, thinning of granulosa cell layer, follicular capsular dilatation and follicular atresia. ACP not only reduces BW and the ratio of ovarian to BW, but also it can elevate the level of FSH and reduce LH/FSH, TG, TC and HDL-C levels. Furthermore, ACP can protect ovarian tissue to some extent.