Practical examples of microbial use and industrial status for agriculture

Yangseon Kim,Dae-Hyuk Kim 한국농약과학회 2018 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

Timing of Fusarium Head Blight Infection in Rice by Heading Stage

( Yangseon Kim ),( In Jeong Kang ),( Dong Bum Shin ),( Jae Hwan Roh ),( Sunggi Heu ),( Hyeong Kwon Shim ) 한국균학회 2018 Mycobiology Vol.46 No.3

Fusarium graminearum causes the devastating plant disease Fusarium head blight and produces mycotoxins on small cultivated grains. To investigate the timeframe of F. graminearum infection during rice cultivation, a spore suspension of F. graminearum was applied to the rice cultivars Dongjin 1 and Nampyeongbyeo before and after the heading stage. The disease incidence rate was the highest (50%) directly after heading, when the greatest number of flowers were present, while only 10% of the rice infected 30 days after heading showed symptoms. To understand the mechanism of infection, an F. graminearum strain expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) was inoculated, and the resulting infections were visually examined. Spores were found in all areas between the glume and inner seed, with the largest amount of GFP detected in the aleurone layer. When the inner part of the rice seed was infected, the pathogen was mainly observed in the embryo. These results suggest that F. graminearum migrates from the anthers to the ovaries and into the seeds during the flowering stage of rice. This study will contribute to uncovering the infection process of this pathogen in rice.

Complete genome sequence of Bacillus coagulans CACC834 isolated from canine

( Jung-ae Kim ),( Dae-hyuk Kim ),( Yangseon Kim ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.6

Bacillus coagulans CACC 834 was isolated from canine feces, and its potential probiotic properties were characterized by functional genome analysis. Whole-genome sequencing of B. coagulans CACC 834 was performed using the PacBio RSII platforms. The complete genome assembly consisted of one circular chromosome (3.1 Mb) with guanine (G) + cytosine (C) content of 47.1%. Annotation revealed 3,181 protein-coding sequences (CDSs), 30 rRNAs, and 83 tRNAs. Gene associated 11% of the genes were involved in replication, recombination, and repair. We also annotated various stress-related, acid resistance, bile salt resistance and adhesion-related domains in this strain, which likely provide support in exerting probiotic action by survival under gastrointestinal tract. These results add to our comprehensive understanding of B. coagulans and suggest potential mammal-related industrial applications.

Trade and Investment between China and South Korea: Toward a Long-Term Partership

JOON-KYUNG KIM,YANGSEON KIM,CHUNG H. LEE 한국경제연구학회 2004 Korea and the World Economy Vol.5 No.1

This paper examines the effect of China’s rapid economic development on the Korean economy through trade and investment linkages. It shows that China’s export structure has converged to that of Korea with its exports displacing Korean exports in third-country markets while the bilateral trade between the two countries has expanded rapidly. The paper points out that the displacement of Korean exports by exports from China is partly due to exports from Korean affiliates in China. It concludes with ideas on how Korea will have to respond to China’s rapid industrialization to sustain its own economic growth.

Changes in Shoulder Trauma during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A South Korean Survey

Su Cheol Kim,Jae Chul Yoo,Jong Hun Park,Hashem Bukhary,Yangseon Choi,Kyu Tae Kang,Chul-Ho Kim 대한정형외과학회 2023 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.15 No.2

Background: This study aimed to investigate the changes in the incidence of shoulder trauma and surgery 1 year after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with social restriction compared with 1 year before the pandemic. Methods: Patients managed in our orthopedic trauma center between February 18, 2020, and February 17, 2021 (COVID-19 period) for shoulder trauma were compared with patients managed for the same duration a year ago (non–COVID-19 period; February 18, 2019, to February 17, 2020). The incidence of shoulder trauma, surgery, and mechanism of injury were compared between these periods. Results: The total number of shoulder trauma cases was lower in the COVID-19 period than in the non–COVID-19 period, although the difference was not significant (160 vs. 180 cases, p = 0.278). In addition, traumatic shoulder surgeries decreased during the COVID-19 period (57 vs. 69 cases, p = 0.285). The incidence of shoulder trauma according to four diagnostic classifications (contusion, sprain/subluxation, fracture, and dislocation) and fracture/dislocation types did not differ between the periods. During the COVID-19 period, accidental falls outdoors (45 vs. 67, p = 0.038) and sports-related injuries (15 vs. 29, p = 0.035) significantly decreased, but accidental falls at home (52 vs. 37, p = 0.112) increased compared with those during the non–COVID-19 period, although the difference was not significant. The monthly incidence of shoulder trauma decreased 2 months after the first outbreak (significant in March, p = 0.019), then steadily increased and significantly decreased during the second outbreak (August, p = 0.012). However, the third outbreak (December, p = 0.077) had little effect on the incidence of shoulder trauma. The number of monthly traumatic shoulder surgeries showed a similar pattern to the monthly incidence of shoulder trauma. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, annual shoulder trauma cases and surgeries decreased compared to those in the non–COVID-19 period, even though the difference was insignificant. The incidence of shoulder trauma and surgery was significantly reduced in the early COVID-19 period; however, the effect of the pandemic on orthopedic trauma practice was minimal after approximately half a year. Decreases in falls outdoors and sports-related injuries, but an increase in falls at home, were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Complete genome sequence of Pediococcus acidilactici CACC 537 isolated from canine

Jung-Ae Kim,Hyun Jun Jang,Dae-Hyuk Kim,Youn Kyoung Son,Yangseon Kim 한국축산학회 2023 한국축산학회지 Vol.65 No.5

Pedi coccus acidilactici CACC 537 was isolated from canine feces and reported to have probiotic properties. We aimed to characterize the potential probiotic properties of this strain by functional genomic analysis. Complete genome sequencing of P. acidilactici CACC 537 was performed using a PacBio RSII and Illumina platform, and contained one circular chromosome (2.0 Mb) with a 42% G + C content. The sequences were annotation revealed 1,897 protein-coding sequences, 15 rRNAs, and 56 tRNAs. It was determined that P. acidilactici CACC 537 genome carries genes known to be involved in the immune system, defense mechanisms, restriction-modification (R-M), and the CRISPR system. CACC 537 was shown to be beneficial in preventing pathogen infection during the fermentation process, help host immunity, and maintain intestinal health. These results provide for a comprehensive understanding of P. acidilactici and the development of industrial probiotic feed additives that can help improve host immunity and intestinal health.

Genome Analysis of Bacteroides sp. CACC 737 Isolated from Feline for Its Potential Application

Jung-Ae KIM,Min Young JUNG,Dae-Hyuk KIM,Yangseon KIM 한국생물공학회 2020 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.10

Short Communication: Complete genome sequence of functional probiotic candidate Lactobacillus amylovorus CACC736

Soyeon Park,Jung-Ae Kim,Hyun Jun Jang,Dae-Hyuk Kim,Yangseon Kim 한국축산학회 2023 한국축산학회지 Vol.65 No.2

Lactobacillus amylovorus CACC736 was originated from swine feces in Korea. The complete genome sequences of the strain contained one circular chromosome (2,057,809 base pair [bp]) with 38.2% guanine-cytosine (GC) content and two circular plasmids, namely, pCACC736-1 and pCACC736-2. The predicted protein-coding genes, which are encoding the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated proteins, biosynthesis of bacteriocin (helveticin J), and the related proteins of the bile, acid tolerance. Notably, the genes related to vitamin B-group biosynthesis (riboflavin and cobalamin) were also found in L. amylovorus CACC736. Collectively, the complete genome sequence of the L. amylovorus CACC736 will aid in the development of functional probiotics in the animal industry.

미생물을 활용한 친환경적인 벼 병해 방제법

김정애(Jung-Ae Kim),송정섭(Jeong-Sup Song),정민혜(Min-Hye Jeong),박숙영(Sook-Young Park),김양선(Yangseon Kim) 한국식물병리학회 2021 식물병연구 Vol.27 No.4

Rice is responsible for the stable crop of 3 billion people worldwide, about half of Asian depends on it, and rice is grown in more than 100 countries. Rice diseases can lead to devastating economic loss by decreasing yield production, disturbing a stable food supply and demand chain. The most commonly used method to control rice disease is chemical control. However, misuse of chemical control can cause environmental pollution, residual toxicity, and the emergence of chemical-resistant pathogens, the deterioration of soil quality, and the destruction of biodiversity. In order to control rice diseases, research on alternative biocontrol is actively pursued including microorganism-oriented biocontrol agents. Microbial agents control plant disease through competition with and antibiotic effects and parasitism against plant pathogens. Microorganisms isolated from the rice rhizosphere are studied comprehensively as biocontrol agents against rice pathogens. Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Trichoderma sp. were reported to control rice diseases, such as blast, sheath blight, bacterial leaf blight, brown spot, and bakanae diseases. Here we reviewed the microorganisms that are stud- ied as biocontrol agents against rice diseases.

Changes in Soil Chemical Properties by Applying Microbial Fertilizers

Jeong-Sup Song(송정섭),Jung-Ae Kim(김정애),Hyun-Jun Jang(장현준),Dae-Hyuk Kim(김대혁),Sook-Young Park(박숙영),Yangseon Kim(김양선) 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11

Plant uptake nutient for growth and reproduction, the nutrients derive originally from the mineral component of the soil. Diverse and numerous microorganisms are component of ecosystem including plants. Some of these microbes, such as nitrogen fixing symbiotic bacteria, play important roles in plant growth by enhancing mineral nutrition. Recently the market of microbial fertilizer are growing in terms of environmental protection. Microbial fertilizer improves soil nutrients, crop stress and disease resistance, promotes plant growth and no pollution to the environment. This study evaluated in vitro activity of nitrogen fixing and phoshate solubilzing bacteria with microbial fertilizers currently on sale. Especially we investigated changes in soil chemical properties according to the interaction of microorganisms, plants, and soil after treatment with microbial fertilizer. In addition, sterilized soil and sterilized water were used to reduce other effects besides microorganisms, and were cultivated by randomized blocks method using ports indoors. The result was analyzed by applying the soil chemical analysis method of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences. As a result, phosphate solubilization and nitrogen fixing ability were confirmed in several microbial fertilizers. Among the soil treatment test, pH (1:5) were increased in all microbial fertilizers tested in this study, and available phosphorus (Lancaster), exchangeable cation (NH₄OAc, ICP-MS) tended to be decreased. Conclusively, these results could provide comprehensive understanding of the effects of microbial fertilizers and their industrial applications.