65세 이상의 노령층에서 고지혈증의 위험요인

김용배,장원기,황보영,김화성,안규동,이병국,이용진,김세훈,김승수,김승훈,김영록,김웅빈,이성수 순천향의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.1

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하악과두 골절 치료에 있어 보존적 치료와 외과적 치료의 비교

박인순,이철우,여환호,이효빈,김영균,변웅래 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1994 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.16 No.1

The authors investigated the 17 patients with the condylar fractures of the mandible who were admitted in Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chosun University, Dental hospital from 1990 to 1993 and could be taken follow-up above 6 months. Helkimo's clinical dysfunction index and mandibular mobility index were applied to the evaluation of the patients and the obtained results were as follows. 1. Mean maximal mouth opening was 38.4mm in the conservative group, 41.3mm in the surgical group and that showed no statistically significant difference.(P>0.05) 2. Clinical dysfunction index was higher in the surgical group than in the conservative group but .that showed no statistically difference.(P>0.05) 3. The extent of maximal mouth opening was increased gradually throughout the follow-up period. 4. Both groups didn't show severe clinically dysfunction.

How Women Evaluate Syndromic Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

Woong Bin Kim,이상욱,Kwang Woo Lee,Jun Mo Kim,김영호,Min Eui Kim 대한요로생식기감염학회 2019 Urogenital Tract Infection Vol.14 No.2

Purpose: To investigate the clinical manifestations of patients with the principal complaint of syndromic recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), correlate these symptoms with the results of urine cultures, and identify the characteristics that can be used to differentiate UTI from similar diseases.Materials and Methods: A total of 212 consecutive patients with syndromic re-current UTIs over a 24 month period were evaluated. The major symptoms were recorded using the UTISA questionnaire and VAS. The patients were divided into group A (n=98; positive urine and urethral swab cultures) and group B (n=114; negative cultures), and the symptoms were compared. For group B, cystoscopy was used to diagnose 61 patients who complained of pain levels ≥6 on the VAS.Results: The proportion of patients with the classic symptoms of UTI (dysuria, urinary frequency, lower abdominal discomfort during bladder filling, and urgency) was similar in groups A and B. Significantly more patients complained of urethral pain in group B, and significantly fewer patients had gross hematuria, low back pain, a post-voiding sensation of residual urine, and general symptoms compared to group A. Of the 61 patients with a VAS ≥6, 29, 28, and four were diagnosed with bladder pain syndrome, interstitial cystitis, and urethral pain syndrome, respect-ively.Conclusions: In patients with syndromic recurrent UTI, the classic symptoms were not sufficiently characteristic to allow bacterial cystitis to be differentiated from other bladder diseases. Diagnostic cystoscopy and VAS can assist in making a differential diagnosis in patients with non-bacterial syndromic recurrent UTIs.

Feasible tuning of barrier energy in PEDOT:PSS/Bi₂Te₃ nanowires-based thermoelectric nanocomposite thin films through polar solvent vapor annealing

Kim, Wan Sik,Anoop, Gopinathan,Jeong, Il-Seok,Lee, Hye Jeong,Kim, Hyun Bin,Kim, Soo Hyeon,Goo, Gi Won,Lee, Hyunmyung,Lee, Hyeon Jun,Kim, Chingu,Lee, Joo-Hyoung,Mun, Bongjin Simon,Park, Ji-Woong,Lee, E Elsevier 2020 Nano energy Vol.67 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For next-generation energy harvesting thermoelectric (TE) devices based on organic/inorganic composites, the barrier energy at interfaces of components is critical in determining the TE performances, because the barrier energy can directly enhance Seebeck coefficient (<I>S</I>). We have succeeded in precisely tuning the barrier energy in poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> nanowires (NWs) based organic/inorganic nanocomposite films through polar solvent vapor annealing (PSVA). Controlling the PSS/PEDOT ratio as a function of PSVA duration, the work function of PEDOT:PSS was tuned, which eventually varied the barrier energy of nanocomposite thin films. Through optimization of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>/PEDOT:PSS barrier energy, the <I>S</I> was maximized up to 47 μV/K. The electrical conductivity was also maximized simultaneously, because of the PSVA-induced <I>π-π</I> stacking among PEDOT chains and templating effect. Density functional theory calculated an optimal barrier energy (0.12 eV), which showed an excellent agreement with our experimentally determined optimal barrier energy (0.11 eV), at which we also maximized the power factor—an efficiency indicator of TE performance. Our feasible strategy on the manipulation of barrier energy in PEDOT:PSS/Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> NWs through the PSVA can be extended to other organic/inorganic based TE composites, toward the realization of highly efficient TE devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We tuned the barrier energy of PEDOT:PSS/Bi<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> nanowires through simply varying the PSVA duration. </LI> <LI> Simultaneous enhancement of Seebeck and electrical conductivity is achieved by optimizing the barrier energy. </LI> <LI> We achieved a power factor maximum of 223 μW/mK<SUP>2</SUP> when the barrier energy, Δ<I>E</I>=0.11 eV, at PSVA duration for 120 min. </LI> <LI> The optimized barrier energy for the enhanced Seebeck coefficient agrees well with the DFT calculated Δ<I>E</I> of 0.12 eV. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Threshold Voltage Setting Method for Layer Selection by Multi-Level Operation in Channel Stacked NAND Flash Memory

Kim, Do-Bin,Kwon, Dae Woong,Kim, Wandong,Park, Byung-Gook American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.17 No.5

<P>In this paper, we propose a modified channel-stacked array with a layer selection by multi-level operation (LSM) and a new string select transistors (SSTs) threshold voltage (V-th) setting method that all the SSTs on each layer are set to target V-th by using boosted body operation. To verify the validity of the new method in LSM, TCAD simulations are performed. It is verified that the V-th values of SSTs are set to the target V-th values by the new method. Moreover, memory operations are examined in TCAD simulation by the new method. As a result, stable memory operations are obtained successfully without the interference between stacked layers.</P>

Essential Engagement of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Initiation of Early Protective Th1 Response against Rough Variants of <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i>

Kim, Jong-Seok,Kang, Min-Jung,Kim, Woo Sik,Han, Seung Jung,Kim, Hong Min,Kim, Ho Won,Kwon, Kee Woong,Kim, So Jeong,Cha, Seung Bin,Eum, Seok-Yong,Koh, Won-Jung,Cho, Sang-Nae,Park, Jong-Hwan,Shin, Sung American Society for Microbiology 2015 Infection and immunity Vol.83 No.4

<P>Although <I>Mycobacterium abscessus</I> (<I>M. abscessus</I>) is becoming more prevalent in patients without overt immunodeficiency, little is known about the factors that contribute to disease susceptibility. This study was undertaken to investigate how Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) functionally contributes to the generation of protective immunity against <I>M. abscessus</I> in a morphotype-specific manner. We found that <I>Tlr2</I><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice were extremely susceptible to an intravenous (i.v.) model of infection by <I>M. abscessus</I> rough variants, displaying uncontrolled infection in the lungs and a significantly lower survival rate than with wild-type (WT) mice. This uncontrolled infection resulted from failures in the following processes: (i) production of the crucial cytokines gamma interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70); (ii) early infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs) in the lungs of <I>Tlr2</I><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice; (iii) rapid influx of CD4<SUP>+</SUP> and CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells; and (iv) the expansion of memory/effector T cells. Notably, systemic administration of <I>M. abscessus</I> culture filtrate-treated syngeneic DCs from WT mice greatly strengthened immune priming <I>in vivo</I>, resulting in a dramatic reduction in bacterial growth and improved long-term survival in <I>Tlr2</I><SUP>−/−</SUP> mice, with a recovery of protective immunity. Our findings demonstrate that TLR2 is an essential contributor to instructive and effector immunity during <I>M. abscessus</I> infection in a morphotype-specific manner.</P>

GABAergic Excitation of Vasopressin Neurons : Possible Mechanism Underlying Sodium-Dependent Hypertension

Kim, Young-Beom,Kim, Yoon Sik,Kim, Woong Bin,Shen, Feng-Yan,Lee, Seung Won,Chung, Hyun Joo,Kim, Jeong Sook,Han, Hee Chul,Colwell, Christopher S.,Kim, Yang In American Heart Association, Inc. 2013 Circulation research Vol.113 No.12

<P><B><U>Rationale:</U></B></P><P>Increased arginine-vasopressin (AVP) secretion is a key physiological response to hyperosmotic stress and may be part of the mechanism by which high-salt diets induce or exacerbate hypertension.</P><P><B><U>Objective:</U></B></P><P>Using deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertension model rats, we sought to test the hypothesis that changes in GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor–mediated inhibition in AVP-secreting magnocellular neurons contribute to the generation of Na<SUP>+</SUP>-dependent hypertension.</P><P><B><U>Methods and Results:</U></B></P><P>In vitro gramicidin-perforated recordings in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei revealed that the GABAergic inhibition in AVP-secreting neurons was converted into excitation in this model, because of the depolarization of GABA equilibrium potential. Meanwhile, in vivo extracellular recordings in the supraoptic nuclei showed that the GABAergic baroreflexive inhibition of magnocellular neurons was transformed to excitation, so that baroreceptor activation may increase AVP release. The depolarizing GABA equilibrium potential shift in AVP-secreting neurons occurred progressively over weeks of deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt treatment along with gradual increases in plasma AVP and blood pressure. Furthermore, the shift was associated with changes in chloride transporter expression and partially reversed by bumetanide (Na<SUP>+</SUP>-K<SUP>+</SUP>-2Cl<SUP>–</SUP> cotransporter inhibitor). Intracerebroventricular bumetanide administration during deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt treatment hindered the development of hypertension and rise in plasma AVP level. Muscimol (GABA<SUB>A</SUB> agonist) microinjection into the supraoptic nuclei in hypertensive rats increased blood pressure, which was prevented by previous intravenous V1a AVP antagonist injection.</P><P><B><U>Conclusions:</U></B></P><P>We conclude that the inhibitory-to-excitatory switch of GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor–mediated transmission in AVP neurons contributes to the generation of Na<SUP>+</SUP>-dependent hypertension by increasing AVP release. We speculate that normalizing the GABA equilibrium potential may have some utility in treating Na<SUP>+</SUP>-dependent hypertension.</P>

Differences in Urine Microbiome of Acute Cystitis and Chronic Recurrent Cystitis in Women

Woong Bin Kim 대한요로생식기감염학회 2023 Urogenital Tract Infection Vol.18 No.1

The diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) relies on urine culture tests to identify aerobic or anaerobic urinary tract pathogens. This method has limitations in identifying anaerobic bacteria, and there is uncertainty in identifying all bacteria. A new next-generation sequencing (NGS) method has gradually helped overcome these limitations, and the microorganisms present in the human urinary tract are gradually being revealed. This review introduces studies on the microbiome analyzed using NGS of urine from patients with acute cystitis and recurrent UTIs and discusses whether NGS may reveal the pathophysiology of the disease.

Photo-induced healing of stretchable transparent electrodes based on thermoplastic polyurethane with embedded metallic nanowires

Kim, Kwang-Seok,Choi, Su Bin,Kim, Dae Up,Lee, Cheul-Ro,Kim, Jong-Woong The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.26

<P>The incorporation of self-healing functionalities into stretchable thermoset systems can be associated with challenges such as large accumulation of inelastic strain as a result of repeated stretching or dramatic changes in modulus during repeated damage-self-healing cycles. Here, we successfully fabricate a stretchable and transparent electrode with photo-irradiation mediated self-healing capacity. This electrode was realised using Ag nanowires (AgNWs) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) without employing any of the established dynamic self-healing chemistries. First, the AgNWs deposited on a cured TPU film were irradiated with intense-pulsed-light (IPL) to induce plasmonic heating, resulting in a large enhancement in conductivity and mechanically stable, stretchable transparent electrodes. Subsequent rounds of IPL irradiation were employed to repair the artificial cracks formed on the surface of the AgNW/TPU electrodes and the micro-cracks induced by repeated rounds of stretch-and-release testing. The surface analysis confirmed that both types of defects were successfully repaired by the IPL treatment owing to the enhanced flowability and thermal expansion of TPU during IPL irradiation. Multiple scratching with a cutting knife and healing demonstration revealed that the cracks formed at the same locations were healed repeatedly up to five times.</P>

생체분해성 망막압정을 이용한 망막고정에 대한 실험적 연구

김용백,민병무,김창식,박근성,김승영,길숙종,조항진,이성복,노승무,송규상,강대영,조준식,양준묵,정경수,최선웅,이진호,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Biodegradable retinal fixation devices obtain mechnical fixation of the retina with desirable chorioretinal scarring and with the potential for local, sustained release of antimetabolites and steroids to inhibit proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack with barb that was designed in order to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. This study was carried to evaluate the efficacy for retinal fixation and the capability for sustained release of drugs with a newly designed biodegradable retinal tack Biodegradable retinal tacks were made of polymers of glycolic acids and were designed with barbs in a shape to prevent the disinsertion. Biodegradale retinal tacks are divided into 3 parts, a conical portion that is inserted into the sclera, a cylinder portion that remains in the vitreous, and a neck portion between the pin and the cylinder. The tapered conical end was manufactured to allow easy insertion through the retina and choroid into the sclera. A cylinder portion was manufactured with a tapered angle that fixes firmly into the orifice of 19 gauge spinal needle. A neck portion, 0.4 mm in diameter, was designed to prevent disinsertion from following implantation of retinal tack. The applicator was a 19 gauge spinal needle and its orifice was prepared to 15°angle to accept the tapered cylinder portion of the retinal tack. The retinal tacks, secured in the needles, were passed through the formed vitreous and inserted into the retina, choroid, and sclera and were released by pushing the internal needle, usually within 2-3mm of the medullary ray of the posterior rabbit retina A retinal tack was placed in each of 8 pigmented rabbit eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography were performed periodically from 1 day to 8 weeks after surgery. Eight eyes were enucleated and studied by light microscopy at 8 weeks. Biomicroscopic evaluation of the animals revealed edemas adjacent to the retinal surfaces immediately after insertion of the biodegradable retinal tacks in all the animals. These edemas disappeared after 1 week. The first noticeable change in the size of retinal tacks was shown after 2weeks. The size of the retinal tacks gradually got smaller, decreasing to about one-half at 4 weeks and about one-third at 8 weeks. All retinal tacks remained in inserted places without any movement for an 8 week period. On light microscopy, epiretinal proliferations were seen to extend into the vitreous cavity. Cellular capsules that lined the inner aspect of the scleral defect caused by tack insertion were found. However the adjacent retina had a normal cytologic appearance and architecture in all specimens. We manufactured a biodegradable retinal tack that is designed to prevent intrusion from implantation of retinal tacks. All biodegradable retinal tacks reduce in size with time, but no retinal tacks extruded from the inserted place. The newly designed biodegradable retinal tack can be used for retinal fixation and may be used as a vehicle for the introduction of pharmacologic agents to prevent the cellular events that promote proliferative vitreoretinopathy.