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김원겸 배재대학교사회과학 연구소 2004 사회과학연구 Vol.25 No.-
Due to major policies of the current government such as balanced development of nation, lots of changes of major cities in Chucheong area expected in city structure and trading area. In case of Dajeon city which is the largest-sized city in Chucheong area adjacent to these candidate cities, people's attention is focused on various kinds of industries. In future, the trading area of Daejeon city includes lots of opportunities including the qualitative and quantitative improvement of consumption caused by increase of inflow population and improvement of consumption culture according to the change of city structure such as the pivotal function movement and the new city development by each step of the policy of decentralization. However it has also threats factors that the purchasing power of existing commercial power may be decentralized and flown out. Therefore, from the viewpoint of Daejeon city, it is necessary to escape from existing regulation-centered policies and to reinforce the trading area concentration function based on a political effort to reinforce centralization as a base city. If commercial centralization is reinforced, firstly, it is possible to absorb the purchasing power of shopping goods from new towns and neighboring small and medium-sized cities, and so to enlarge the local commercial power and to attract the offshore purchasing power. Secondly, it is possible to prevent the purchasing power of daily necessaries in areas adjacent to Northwest Daejeon from outflowing to new towns. From the viewpoint of retail companies, they will have to establish the upward positioning strategy comparing to current level for 4P's Mix Strategy to correspond to characteristic of new city residents.
Kim, Won Kyum 한국균학회 1987 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.15 No.2
Two dimensional electrophoretograms of detergent-soluble polypeptides extracted from dormant urediospores were used to compare inter-and intraspecific relationships among nine races of rye stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. secalis) , a hybrid between rye stem rust and wheat stem rust (P. graminis f. sp. tritici), and its parents. More than 280 polypeptides were detected in each race of rye stem rust. The nine races differed by one to five genes for virulence and by five to seven polypeptides, but these differences were not correlated. The rye/wheat stem rust hybrid, rye stem rust parent and wheat stem rust parent differed by 12 polypeptides. The polypeptide patterns of the rye stem rust races were similar to those previously found for wheat and oat stem rusts. Rye stem rust and wheat stem rust had 270 polypeptides in common, and differed by 17 polypeptides. In contrast, ninety-two polypeptides separated rye and oat stem rusts. The considerable homology in polypeptide patterns is consistent with the view that these three cereal stem rusts are related, and that rye stem rust and wheat stem rust have the closest genetic relationship.
Kim, Won-Geun,Kim, Chang-Kyum,Lee, Jong-Tae,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Yun, Chang-Wan,Yook, Se-Jin Pergamon 2017 Transportation Research Part D. Transport & Enviro Vol.53 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The characteristics of fine particle emission from a light-duty diesel vehicle operated on a chassis dynamometer were investigated according to vehicle acceleration and road grade. Particle number (PN) concentration and particle mass (PM) concentration were measured using a Solid Particle Counting System (SPCS), an Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer (EEPS), and a Dekati Low Pressure Impactor (DLPI). In this study, actual mass distribution of particles emitted from the tested diesel vehicle was determined by sampling the particles on 25-mm Teflon-coated filters installed at 13 impactor stages of the DLPI and then compared with the particle mass distribution converted from the particle number distribution measured by the EEPS. In order to evaluate the characteristics of fine particle emission under various conditions of vehicle acceleration and road grade, testing was conducted with or without installing a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). In general, PN and PM concentrations increased with both increasing vehicle acceleration and increasing road grade.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fine particle emission characteristics of a light-duty diesel vehicle were examined. </LI> <LI> A diesel vehicle was operated at various vehicle accelerations and road grades. </LI> <LI> Actual mass distribution of particles emitted from test diesel vehicle was obtained. </LI> <LI> Mass concentration increased as both vehicle acceleration and road grade increased. </LI> </UL> </P>
IRF7 promotes glioma cell invasion by inhibiting AGO2 expression.
Kim, Jun-Kyum,Jin, Xiong,Ham, Seok Won,Lee, Seon Yong,Seo, Sunyoung,Kim, Sung-Chan,Kim, Sung-Hak,Kim, Hyunggee Saikon Pub. Co 2015 TUMOR BIOLOGY Vol.36 No.7
<P>Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) is the master transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in the transcriptional activation of type I interferon genes in the inflammatory response. Our previous study revealed that IRF7 is an important regulator of tumor progression via the expression of inflammatory cytokines in glioma. Here, we report that IRF7 promotes glioma invasion and confers resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy by inhibiting expression of argonaute 2 (AGO2), a regulator of microRNA biogenesis. We found that IRF7 and AGO2 expression levels were negatively correlated in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Ectopic IRF7 expression led to a reduction in AGO2 expression, while depletion of IRF7 resulted in increased AGO2 expression in the LN-229 glioma cell line. In an in vitro invasion assay, IRF7 overexpression enhanced glioma cell invasion. Furthermore, reconstitution of AGO2 expression in IRF7-overexpressing cells led to decreased cell invasion, whereas the reduced invasion due to IRF7 depletion was rescued by AGO2 depletion. In addition, IRF7 induced chemoresistance and radioresistance of glioma cells by diminishing AGO2 expression. Finally, AGO2 depletion alone was sufficient to accelerate glioma cell invasion in vitro and in vivo, indicating that AGO2 regulates cancer cell invasion. Taken together, our results indicate that IRF7 promotes glioma cell invasion and both chemoresistance and radioresistance through AGO2 inhibition.</P>