Concentration Dependent Optical Properties of Rhodamine B Doped Poly(vinyl alcohol) Solutions

Jitendra Tripathi,Anupam Sharma,Shilpa Tripathi,Kallol Kumar Das 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.7

The optical properties, namely refractive index (RI) studies, are reported on a series of pure and doped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in solution form. The PVA solutions were synthesized with 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt% of PVA in distilled water followed by doping with Rhodamine B in concentrations ranging from 0.05 wt% to 2 wt%. The absorption spectra show an observable shift in the band edge position towards higher wavelength with increase in PVA wt%. When the dopant molecules are added, the curves are drastically modified with the occurrence of new peaks arising at higher doping concentrations along with change in the bandgap. These effects are prominent for all the concentration of PVA solution. The RI does not change much for low doping wt%. but when dopant is added in higher concentrations, it increases slightly reaching a maximum of ~1.35 at 2 wt%. It is observed that host polymer properties dominate at low doping while a combination of host polymer and dopant dye properties dominate at higher doping concentrations.

Tales from Fragments: A Review of Indian Human Skeletal Studies

Veena Mushrif-Tripathy 대한체질인류학회 2019 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.32 No.2

India provides large number of skeletal data from the pre- and protohistoric levels covering a time span of almost 10,000 years. Major skeletal collection comes from the cultural phases ranging from the Mesolithic, Harappan, Neolithic, Chalcolithic and Iron Age levels. After the Early Historic phase cremation became the most common method for disposing the dead. Though the relevant documentation is far less than complete, recovery of human burials has been reported from more than 300 sites (Mushrif-Tripathy et al. 2016) and a conservative estimate would lead to imagine approximately 2000 human skeletons. The human skeletal analysis started around 1950s and initial focus of the study was to understand the racial classification of the skulls and to prove the Indo-Aryan invasion theory. Later from 1980s multidisplinary approach including socio-cultural anthropology, growth and nutrition and medical anthropology were considered. The recent development includes the use of new scientific methods like isotope, aDNA, DXA scans, and Scanning Electron Microscope studies etc. are consider to understand ancient inhabitants of Indian Sub-continent.

Purification and partial characterization of α-amylase from soybean (Glycine max)

Tripathi, Pallavi,Dwevedi, Alka,Kayastha, Arvind M. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2004 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.4 No.4

An ${\alpha}-Amylase$ was purified to apparent homogeneity from germinating soybean seeds (Glycine max). Enzyme showed high specificity for starch. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ from soybean has optimum pH at 7.6 in the pH range 4.0-10.6. At this pH, the $K_m$ of starch was 2.63 mg/ml and the $V_{max}$ was equal to 52.6 mg/ml/min protein. Optimum temperature of the enzyme was found to be $55^{\circ}C,\;Q_{10}$ equal to 1.85 and energy of activation equal to 12 kcal/mol. Additives like, EDTA reduced the activity of ${\alpha}-amylase$ whereas PMSF enhanced the activity. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ was inhibited by several heavy metal ions.

Tropical Soil Bacterial Communities in Malaysia: pH Dominates in the Equatorial Tropics Too

Tripathi, Binu M.,Kim, Mincheol,Singh, Dharmesh,Lee-Cruz, Larisa,Lai-Hoe, Ang,Ainuddin, A. N.,Go, Rusea,Rahim, Raha Abdul,Husni, M. H. A.,Chun, Jongsik,Adams, Jonathan M. Springer-Verlag 2012 Microbial ecology Vol.64 No.2

The Millimeter Continuum Size-Frequency Relationship in the UZ Tau E Disk

Tripathi, Anjali,Andrews, Sean M.,Birnstiel, Tilman,Chandler, Claire J.,Isella, Andrea,Pé,rez, Laura M.,Harris, R. J.,Ricci, Luca,Wilner, David J.,Carpenter, John M.,Calvet, N.,Corder, S. A.,Del American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.861 No.1

<P>We present high spatial resolution observations of the continuum emission from the young multiple star system UZ Tau at frequencies from 6 to 340 GHz. To quantify the spatial variation of dust emission in the UZ Tau E circumbinary disk, the observed interferometric visibilities are modeled with a simple parametric prescription for the radial surface brightnesses at each frequency. We find evidence that the spectrum steepens with radius in the disk, manifested as a positive correlation between the observing frequency and the radius that encircles a fixed fraction of the emission (R-eff proportional to nu(0.34 +/- 0.08)). The origins of this size-frequency relation are explored in the context of a theoretical framework for the growth and migration of disk solids. While that framework can reproduce a similar size-frequency relation, it predicts a steeper spectrum than that observed. Moreover, it comes closest to matching the data only on timescales much shorter (<= 1 Myr) than the putative UZ Tau age (similar to 2-3 Myr). These discrepancies are direct consequences of the rapid radial drift rates predicted by models of dust evolution in a smooth gas disk. One way to mitigate that efficiency problem is to invoke small-scale gas pressure modulations that locally concentrate drifting solids. If such particle traps reach high-continuum optical depths at 30-340 GHz with a similar to 30%-60%. filling fraction in the inner disk (r less than or similar to 20 au), they can also explain the observed spatial gradient in the UZ Tau E disk spectrum.</P>

Investigation of root phenotype in soybeans (Glycine max L.) using imagery data

Tripathi Pooja,Kim Yoonha 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.2

Roots are the most essential plant part owing to the uptake of water and nutrients. Therefore, phenotyping of root features is vital for improving soybean cultivars. This study evaluated the root morphological and architectural traits of six soybean cultivars using two-dimensional (2D) root imaging. The cultivars were selected from a previous experiment, based on 6 root phenotypes (total root length [TRL], surface area [SA], average diameter [AD], number of tips, number of forks, and main total length [MTL]) in 372 soybean cultivars, (3 each from the highest 5% and lowest 5%). When plants reached two trifoliate leaves stage, both root and shoot parts were harvested and analyzed. According to the analysis of variance, signifcant variability was observed between the two groups (highest 5% and lowest 5%) for root and shoot morphological traits, but no signifcant diference was found regarding most root architectural traits. Among three root phenotypes (TRL, SA, and RV [root volume]), IT 21595 and IT 165432 were the highest and lowest, respectively. TRL exhibited a signifcant positive correlation with other root and shoot morphological traits, such as SA, RV, leaf area, leaf length, and leaf width. Contrastingly, AD showed a signifcant negative correlation with those parameters. TRL and SA of all the cultivars were classifed based on root diameter classes (0–0.5 mm, 0.5–1.0 mm, and 1.0–1.5 mm). A segment of TRL<0.5-mm root diameter was observed from 74.0 to 75.6% in the highest 5% cultivars and 63.7–75.3% in the lowest 5% cultivars. A segment of SA<0.5- mm root diameter was observed from 42.0 to 46.9% in the highest 5% cultivars and a relatively reduced ratio (34.5–44.7%) in the lowest 5% cultivars. Conclusively, this research highlighted the characterization of root morphological and architectural traits and some soybean cultivars

Unpaid care work among women in South Asia: A systematic review

Tripathi Saumya,Azhar Sameena,Zhai Fuhua 한국사회복지학회 2022 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.16 No.3

The specific aims of this systematic review are to (1) understand the prevalence and context for women's unpaid care work in South Asia, (2) explore factors that affect the prevalence of unpaid care work, and (3) identify gaps in the extant research on unpaid care work that influence women's lives. Using the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we searched 18 databases and identified 13 research studies. Drawing on the devaluation framework, we found three main recurring themes in the selected studies. First, women in South Asia disproportionately share the burden of unpaid care work responsibilities. Second, due to sociocultural norms, unpaid care work is unrecognized and devalued as are those who perform it. Third, flexible working arrangements for women are not currently being offered. We conclude that there is a need for care work policies that incorporate the unique cultures, demographics, and labor markets in South Asian contexts.

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Endangered Medicinal Plant Species Coleus forskohlii Collected from Central India

Tripathi, Niraj,Saini, Navinder,Tiwari, Sharad 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.4

In recent years, Coleus forskohlii has been considered plant as an important medicinal. Because of the continuous collection of roots from the wild sources, this plant has been included in the list of endangered species. This has necessitated the use of biotechnology in conservation and sustainable management of this endangered plant species. Morphological and molecular characterization of this herb will enhance our understanding in improving the optimal yields of Forskolin through breeding. To assess the morphological and molecular genetic diversity in 18 C. forskohlii genotypes collected from different places of central India, RAPD, ISSR, and AFLP marker systems were employed. Eleven RAPD, ten ISSRs and eight AFLP primers produced 101, 80, and 483 fragments, respectively. Among the three marker system used in this study, RAPD and ISSR showed 61.39 and 68.75% polymorphism, respectively, while eight AFLP primer combinations produced 70.81% polymorphism. UPGMA cluster analysis method group genotypes in two clusters with all marker systems separately and after combined analysis. Results show that both morphological and molecular factors are effective in observing variations. Our results also indicate that the RAPD, ISSR, and AFLP approaches, along with pharmaceutically important morphological trait analysis, seemed to be best-suited for assessing the genetic relationships among distinct C. Forskohlii genotypes with high accuracy.

On Some New Paranormed Difference Sequence Spaces Defined by Orlicz Functions

Tripathy, Binod Chandra,Dutta, Hemen Department of Mathematics 2010 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.50 No.1

The main aim of this article is to introduce a new class of sequence spaces using the concept of n-norm and to investigate these spaces for some linear topological structures as well as examine these spaces with respect to derived (n-1)-norm. We use an Orlicz function, a bounded sequence of positive real numbers and some difference operators to construct these spaces so that they become more generalized and some other spaces can be derived under special cases. These investigations will enhance the acceptability of the notion of n-norm by giving a way to construct different sequence spaces with elements in n-normed spaces.

Graphene Coating via Chemical Vapor Deposition for Improving Friction and Wear of Gray Cast Iron at Interfaces

Tripathi, Khagendra,Gyawali, Gobinda,Lee, Soo Wohn American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.37

<P>This study reports the influence of CVD-graphene on the tribological performance of gray cast iron (GCI) from the internal combustion engine (ICE) cylinder liners by performing a ball-on-disk friction tests. The graphene-coated specimen exhibited a significant reduction (similar to 53%) of friction as compared to that of the uncoated specimen, whereas wear resistance increased by 2- and 5-fold regarding the wear of specimen and ball, respectively. Extremely low shear strength and highly lubricating nature of graphene contribute to the formation of a lubricative film between the sliding surfaces and decreases the interaction between surfaces in the dry environment. Under the applied load, a uniform film of iron oxides such as Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeOOH is found to be formed between the surfaces. It is proposed that the graphene encapsulation with the metal debris and oxides formed between the specimens increases the lubricity and decreases the shear force. The transformation of graphene/graphite into nanocrystalline graphites across the contact interfaces following the amorphization trajectory further increases the lubricity of the film that ultimately reduces friction and wear of the material.</P>