니喜歡나件衣服? 對互聯網社區中新娘的口碑檢驗

( Jane Boyd Thomas ),( Cara O. Peters ) 한국마케팅과학회 2011 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.2 No.3

To find the perfect wedding dress, a bride will consult bridal magazines, bridal fairs, family, and friends. Today`s bride might also watch popular television shows such as TLC`s, "Say Yes to the Dress," or read and/or post comments on popular online wedding planning sites such as TheKnot.com, Weddingchannel.com, and Brides.com. According to Nelson and Otnes (2005), "Many brides use the Internet as a resource because it enables them to easily access information and communicate with widely dispersed providers of wedding resources" (p. 90). Nelson and Otnes (2005) found that many brides are participating in online virtual communities (i.e., Internet-based message boards) that "focus on the shared ritual and offer camaraderie and information exchange" (p. 90). In fact, the Bridal Association of America reported that 77% of brides in 2009 used the Internet to aid in the planning and/or purchasing of wedding related products and services. The purpose of this exploratory research is to investigate the types of information shared on social media sites by brides who are searching for a wedding dress. This research is unique because it explores the types of information shared in a popular wedding online community, www.Brides.com. As the influence of online communities on purchase decisions, including wedding dresses, continues to grow; it is important that designers, retailers, and manufactures understand how a brides online community friends many influence her purchase decision. For quite some time, marketers have recognized the potential of online communities to generate word of mouth. Research has shown that consumers seek advice and brand meaning from online communities (Brown, Broderick, & Lee 2007; Fischer, Bristor, & Gainer 1996; Granitz & Ward 1996; Moore, Mazvancheryl, & Rego 1996; Muniz & O``Guinn 2001; Scarpi 2010). Jepsen (2006) found that, when researching products, consumers prefer gathering information from people in online communities rather than through commercial sources (i.e., sales people, brochures, and advertisements). This preference may be due to the fact that people join online communities because these forums share valuable information (Dwyer 2007). Our research builds upon the work of Kozinets, deValck, Wonjnicki, and Wilner (2010) by examining the types of information shared in a popular wedding online wedding community. The information shared on Brides.com differs from product reviews as it is more identity and community driven. In other words the information shared is not driven by traditional apparel product evaluative criteria of product quality, performance and price. Instead this study provides a unique and valuable perspective on the types of information shared via consumer-to-consumer word of mouth in online communities that is far beyond the traditional evaluative criteria used for apparel purchased. Using established netnography research methods a total of 739 individual posts were examined. The conversations analyzed revealed four categories of discussion: community rituals and artifacts, communal norms, community cohesion, and communal sharing. Our findings expand marketers` understanding of word of mouth and its relationship to online communities. Specifically, information shared on www.Brides.com is different from product reviews as it is more identity and community driven. The conversations analyzed in the sample of 739 posts revealed four categories of discussion: community rituals and artifacts, communal norms, community cohesion, and communal sharing. In exploring how community rituals and artifacts shape and influence the "dream dress" concept, we uncover the holistic influence of community members on wedding dress purchase decisions. The posts on Brides.com discussed how the brides felt deep emotions as they searched for and identified the perfect wedding dress. The communal norms discussion focused on how much to spend and where to shop. This is not surprising because many brides have a limited budget for the wedding and want to purchase high-quality items within that budget. Community cohesion around brands was evident in the data as the brides questioned and discussed various brands and designers of wedding gowns. The fourth category of discussion was centered around the emotional tension and physical isolation from family and friends. In their research on intercultural wedding message boards Nelson and Otnes (2005) found that members of the online community often serve as friends and counselors. The brides seem to trust the other members of the community and are comfortable seeking their advice and accepting as truth their opinion. Findings from this exploratory study provide insight into the word of mouth that impacts complex choices and decisions involved in the purchase of a wedding dress. Unlike previous research on brand communities (Algesheima, Dholakia, & Herrmann, 2005; Kates, 2004; Leigh, Peters & Shelton, 2006; Muniz & Schau, 2007), this study has not focused on the characteristics of the community members, but more on the holistic socio-emotional interactions that exist among community members. By becoming members of these types of communities, wedding dress designers, manufacturers and retailers could better understand the questions and issues posited by brides. Findings from the current study identify opportunities where designers, manufacturers, and retailers can better connect with brides. We believe the first strategy is to build social media into the business model. Our findings demonstrate that brides want to talk to others about their wedding gown purchase decision process. However, for many companies associated with bridal gowns, social media is more akin to a fan or information page. There needs to be more engagement with brides. While consumers might understand the evaluative criteria for purchasing a winter coat or a skirt, they may not know how to evaluate the price of a wedding dress. Wedding dress designers, manufacturers, and retailers need to educate consumers on the pricing of wedding dress. Videos where designers talk about how a wedding dress is constructed and construction elements that are worth paying more for and those that are not essential could be posted on the designer`s website with easy links for sharing with online community forums like Brides.com. Finally, there is an opportunity for creating online experiences that lend themselves to mobile (i.e., smart phones and tablet) devices. Apps that connect brides to advice and reassurance would be useful when the bride is shopping and/or in need of connecting with members of the bridal community for advice.

Seaweed and Soy: Companion Foods in Asian Cuisine and Their Effects on Thyroid Function in American Women

Jane Teas,Lewis E. Braverman,Mindy S. Kurzer,Sam Pino,Thomas G. Hurley,James R. Hebert 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.1

Seaweeds and soy are two commonly eaten foods in Asia. Both have been reported to affect thyroid function,seaweed because of its iodine content and soy because of its goitrogenic effect. Twenty-five healthy postmenopausal women(mean age 58 years) completed a double-blinded randomized crossover study. Ten capsules (5 g/day) of placebo or seaweed(Alaria esculenta), providing 475 .g of iodine/day, were consumed daily for 7 weeks. A powdered soy protein isolate (So-lae Co., St. Louis, MO), providing 2 mg of isoflavones/kg of body weight, was given daily during the last week of each treat-ment arm. On average, this provided 141.3 mg of isoflavones/day and 67.5 g of protein/day. Blood samples and 48-hour urinesamples were collected before and after each intervention period, and urinary I/C (.g of iodine/g of creatinine) and serumthyroxine, free thyroxine index, total triiodothyronine, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. Seaweed in-gestion increased I/C concentrations (P. .0001) and serum TSH (P. .0001) (1.69. 0.22 vs. 2.19. 0.22 .U/mL, mean.SE). Soy supplementation did not affect thyroid end points. Seven weeks of 5 g/day seaweed supplementation was associatedwith a small but statistically significant increase in TSH. Soy protein isolate supplementation was not associated with changesin serum thyroid hormone concentrations.

Black Friday: Has the game changed?

Peters Cara,Thomas Jane 한국마케팅과학회 2022 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.13 No.4

Previous research on Black Friday consumption rituals has focused on planning and shopping for an in-store customer experience. In recent times, however, consumer perceptions and shopping behaviors related to Black Friday have begun to shift. Consumers are shopping earlier, moving online, taking advantage of delivery and curbside pickup, and expecting retailers to provide a safe, socially distanced shopping experience. This study was grounded in theory from social change within the field of sociology. The purpose of this study was to examine how various factors, such as the pandemic, retailer strategies, online shopping, cultural trends are reshaping consumers’ views and shopping behaviors related to Black Friday. Data were collected via 31 phenomenological interviews with consumers who have shopped on Black Friday in the past. Results were analyzed according to the protocol for phenomenology and were presented in the form of themes that emerged from the data. Overall, consumers believed that Black Friday had changed and had become less impactful. Changes were due to store policies and procedures around safety during the pandemic, retailers extending the number of days and weeks for Black Friday shopping, the convenience and breadth of products available among a plethora of online shopping alternatives, the impact of the economy on the ability to shop, and how the name Black Friday has negative associations for some shoppers. Managerial implications for retailers were discussed as the game of Black Friday has changed. Implications included strategies retailers can use to entice consumers as they try to revamp Black Friday and engage shoppers in the future.

Evaluating the effects of finishing diet and feeding location on sheep performance, carcass characteristics, and internal parasites

( Devon L Ragen ),( Molly R Butler ),( Jane A Boles ),( William A Layton ),( Thomas M Craig ),( Patrick G Hatfield ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.3

A 3 yr experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of diet and feeding location on animal performance, carcass characteristics, whole blood counts, and internal parasite burden of lambs assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) confinement fed 71% alfalfa, 18% barley pellet, 5% molasses, 0.013% Bovatec, 6.1% vitamin/mineral package diet (CALF), 2) confinement fed 60% barley, 26% alfalfa pellet, 4% molasses, 2.5% soybean-hi pro, 0.016% Bovatec, 7.4% vitamin/mineral package diet (CBAR), 3) field fed 71% alfalfa, 18% barley pellet, 5% molasses, 0.013% Bovatec, 6.1% vitamin/mineral package diet (FALF), and 4) field fed 60% barley, 26% alfalfa pellet, 4% molasses, 2.5% soybean-hi pro, 0.016% Bovatec, 7.4% vitamin/mineral package diet (FBAR). A year × location interaction was detected for ending body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and dry matter intake (DMI); therefore results are presented by year. In all years, cost of gain and DMI were greater for CALF and FALF than for CBAR and FBAR feed treatments (p ≤ 0.03). In yr 2 and 3 field treatments had greater ending BW and ADG than confinement treatments. For all years, diet did not affect ending BW or ADG. In yr 1 dressing percent and rib eye area were greater for field finished lambs than confinement finished (p ≤ 0.02) and Warner-Bratzler shear force was greater for CALF and FALF (p = 0.03). In yr 2 lambs in FALF and FBAR treatments had greater leg scores and conformation than CALF and CBAR (p = 0.09). In yr 1, FALF had a greater small intestine total worm count than all other treatments. In yr 1, ending Trichostrongyle type egg counts were greater for FALF (p = 0.05). In yr 2, ending Nematodirus spp. egg counts were greater for FALF and lowest for CBAR (p < 0.01). Abomasum Teladorsagia circumcinta worm burden was greater in CALF than all other treatments (p = 0.07) in yr 2. While field finishing lambs with a grain- or forage-based diet we conclude that it is possible to produce a quality lamb product without adverse effects to animal performance, carcass quality or increasing parasite burdens.

NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation comprises a family of temporally overlapping forms of synaptic plasticity that are induced by different patterns of stimulation

Park, Pojeong,Volianskis, Arturas,Sanderson, Thomas M.,Bortolotto, Zuner A.,Jane, David E.,Zhuo, Min,Kaang, Bong-Kiun,Collingridge, Graham L. The Royal Society 2014 Philosophical transactions. Biological sciences Vol.369 No.1633

<P><I>N</I>-methyl-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) is extensively studied since it is believed to use the same molecular mechanisms that are required for many forms of learning and memory. Unfortunately, many controversies exist, not least the seemingly simple issue concerning the locus of expression of LTP. Here, we review our recent work and some of the extensive literature on this topic and present new data that collectively suggest that LTP can be explained, during its first few hours, by the coexistence of at least three mechanistically distinct processes that are all triggered by the synaptic activation of NMDARs.</P>

NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation comprises a family of temporally overlapping forms of synaptic plasticity that are induced by different patterns of stimulation

Park, Pojeong,Volianskis, Arturas,Sanderson, Thomas M.,Bortolotto, Zuner A.,Jane, David E.,Zhuo, Min,Kaang, Bong-Kiun,Collingridge, Graham L. Royal Society of London 2014 Philosophical transactions. Biological sciences Vol.369 No.1633

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) is extensively studied since it is believed to use the same molecular mechanisms that are required for many forms of learning and memory. Unfortunately, many controversies exist, not least the seemingly simple issue concerning the locus of expression of LTP. Here, we review our recent work and some of the extensive literature on this topic and present new data that collectively suggest that LTP can be explained, during its first few hours, by the coexistence of at least three mechanistically distinct processes that are all triggered by the synaptic activation of NMDARs.

Polyphenolic Contents and the Effects of Methanol Extracts from Mango Varieties on Breast Cancer Cells

Van Le Thu Hoang,Jean-Thomas Pierson,Merril Carmel Curry,Paul Nicholas Shaw,Ralf Georg Dietzgen,Michael John Gidley,Sarah Jane Roberts-Thomson,Gregory Raymond Monteith 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.1

Bioactivities of peel and flesh extracts of 3 genetically diverse mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties were studied. Nam Doc Mai peel extracts, containing the largest amounts of polyphenols, were associated with an effect on MCF-7 viable cell numbers with an IC50 (dose required for 50% inhibition of cell viability) of 56 μg/mL and significantly (p<0.01) induced cell death in MDA-MB- 231 cells, compared with other varieties. Hydrophilic fractions of Nam Doc Mai peel extracts had the highest bioactivity values against both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Soluble polyphenols were present in the largest amounts in most hydrophilic fractions. The Nam Doc Mai mango variety contains high levels of fruit peel bioactivity, which appears to be related to the nature of the polyphenol composition.

A Review of the Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Lean Body Mass in Humans

Jack Alistair Sargeant,Joseph Henson,James Adam King,Thomas Yates,Kamlesh Khunti,Melanie Jane Davies 대한내분비학회 2019 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.34 No.3

Weight loss is an important goal in the management of several chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, and pharmacological therapies that aid weight loss are appealing. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are novel glucose-lowering therapies that have been shown to induce clinically significant reductions in body weight. However, this weight loss may not be attributed solely to fat mass (FM). Given the importance of skeletal muscle and lean body mass (LBM) on cardio-metabolic health and physical function, we reviewed the available literature reporting theeffects of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is on body composition. Results demonstrate that, in most circumstances, the weight loss associatedwith both therapies predominantly comprises a reduction in FM, although significant heterogeneity exists between studies. In overhalf of the studies identified, the proportion of LBM reduction ranged between 20% and 50% of total weight lost, which is consistentwith diet-induced weight loss and bariatric surgery. No clear differences existed between GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is. Consequently,the loss of LBM and skeletal muscle associated with weight loss induced by GLP-1RAs and SGLT2is warrants attention. Strategiesto preserve skeletal muscle and improve physical function, for example through structured exercise, are of great importance.