Registration of Aerial Imagery and Aerial LiDAR Data Using Centroids of Plane Roof Surfaces as Control Information

Tae-Suk Kwak,Yong-Il Kim,Ki-Yun Yu,Byoung-Kil Lee 대한토목학회 2006 KSCE journal of civil engineering Vol.10 No.5

This study proposes using centroid of the plane roof surface of a building as control information for registering the aerial imagery relative to the aerial LiDAR data. A majority of the roofs in South Korea are plane roofs. The centroid of the plane roof is extracted from aerial imagery by using the Canny Edge Detector and from aerial LiDAR data by using Local Maxima Filtering. These extracted centroids from LiDAR data are used as control information and exterior orientation parameters of aerial imagery are estimated. Also, exterior orientation parameters of aerial imagery are estimated by using GCPs and the accuracy of registration is evaluated. From the experimental results, the positional accuracy satisfied the error range of 1/5,000 digital map which was prescribed by National Geographic Information Institute of South Korea. From this study, it is found that centroid could be useful source of control information.

원위부 총담관 결석으로 오인된 결석을 동반한 총담관류 치료

곽태영 ( Tae Young Kwak ),박창환 ( Chang Hwan Park ),엄석현 ( Seok Hyeon Eom ),황홍석 ( Hong Suk Hwang ),정덕원 ( Duk Won Chung ),서지영 ( Ji Young Seo ),김영성 ( Yeong Sung Kim ),곽동협 ( Dong Hyup Kwak ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2015 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.32 No.1

A choledochocele is an expanded sac of the duodenal side of the distal common bile duct (CBD), and is categorized as a type III choledochal cyst. Unlike other choledochal cysts, it can be easily overlooked because of its very low prevalence, non-specific clinical symptoms, and lack of distinctive radiological findings. However, a patient having a repeated pancreaticobiliary disorder with an unknown origin, frequent abdominal pain after cholecystectomy, or repeated non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms can be suspected as having a choledochocele, and a more accurate diagnosis can be achieved via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound. Because it rarely becomes malignant, a choledochocele can be treated via endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and surgical treatment. The authors were able to diagnose choledochocele accompanied by a stone in a patient admitted to the authors’ hospital due to cholangitis and pancreatitis. The patient``s condition was suspected to have been caused by a distal CBD stone detected via multiple detector computed tomography and ERCP, and was successfully treated via EST.

골 및 골수의 다발성 지방 괴사를 초래한 만성 췌장염

곽동석(Dong Suk Kwak),현동우(Dong Woo Hyun),이영학(Young Hak Lee),김정균(Jeong Gyun Kim),배선근(Sun Kun Bae),안병철(Byeong Cheal Ahn),손상균(Sang Kyun Sohn),이재태(Jae Tae Lee),이규보(Kyu Bo Lee),김태석(Tae Sug Kim),김채기(Chae Gi Ki 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.51 No.3

Pancreatic and intra-abdominal fat necrosis are frequently in chronic pancreatitis, but fat necrosis of the bone marrow has been rarely reported. These extrapancreatic fat necrosis occur by circulating lipolytic enzymes. We report a case of multiple fat necrosis of the osseous medulla and skin associated with chronic recurrent pancreatitis.

유방질환이 의심되는 환자에서의 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy 사용

곽희숙,배영태,문상은 釜山外科學會 1997 釜山外科學會誌 Vol.13 No.-

Sensory Characteristics and Consumer Acceptance of Frozen Cooked Rice by a Rapid Freezing Process Compared to Homemade and Aseptic Packaged Cooked Rice

Kwak, Han Sub,Kim, Hye-Gyeong,Kim, Hyun Suk,Ahn, Yong Sik,Jung, Kyunghee,Jeong, Hyo-Young,Kim, Tae Hyeong The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2013 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.18 No.1

Descriptive analysis and consumer acceptance tests were conducted with frozen (FCR), homemade (HCR), and aseptic-packaged (ACR) cooked rice products from two cultivars-IM and SD. FCR was prepared using a rapid freezing process, which may provide consumers with a quality similar to that of HCR. The intensity of the flavors of roasted, glutinous rice, rice cake, and rice starch and the textures of glutinousness, moistness, chunkiness, adhesiveness, and squishiness were all greater in the FCR as compared to the HCR and ACR (p<0.05) in IM and SD cultivars. The differences in sensory characteristics between the FCR and ACR were larger than the equivalent differences between the FCR and HCR. Overall consumer acceptance ratings for FCR in overall aspect, appearance, aroma, and texture were not significantly different compared to those for HCR (p>0.05); however, in most cases these factors showed significant differences when compared with ACR (p<0.05). From partial least square regression analysis, cooked rice was positively related to sweet, transparency, glossiness, roasted, glutinousness, chunkiness, moistness, glutinous rice, adhesiveness, rice shape, rice starch, and squishiness attributes but negatively related to raw rice, old rice, old rice aroma, a particle feeling, off-aroma, white color, scatteredness, slickness, size of cooked rice, and firmness attributes.

정신분열병 환자의 말초 임파구에서 도파민 수용체 mRNA의 변화

곽용태,최철희,김옥준,주연호,김형섭,강성숙,구민성,선우일남 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

연구목적 : 정신분열병은 주로 청소년기에 발병하는 정신과에서 가장 흔한 질환 중의 하나이다. 이 질환의 원인이나 병인은 아직 불확실하지만 뇌 도파민계의 기능장애가 중요한 기전으로 생각되고 있으나 부검없이 뇌 도파민계를 직접 관찰할수 없으므로 많은 혼란이 있어왔다. 이를 극복하기 위하여 최근에 발견된 말초 임파구의 도파민 수용체를 이용하여 정신분열병에 있어서 말초 임파구 도파민 수용체가 뇌 도파민계의 기능을 반영하는 말초표식인자일 가능성이 있는지를 규명한다. 방 법 : 3년 이상 항정신병 약물을 복용중인 정신분열병 환자(약물투약군) 44명, 최근 3개월 이상 항정신병 약물을 복용하지 않은 환자(약물비투약군) 43명, 정상대조군 31명을 대상으로 말초 임파구의 D3, D5 도파민 수용체를 정량적 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응(quantitative reverse transcritpase polymerase chain reaction)을 이용하여서 정량 비교하였고, 또한 항정신병 약물을 복용하지 않은 환자들에 있어서 약물 투여 후 도파민 수용체의 변화 및 임상양상의 변화를 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 1) 말초혈액 임파구의 D3R/βA는 약물비투약군에서 정상대조군이나 약물투약군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 있게 증가되어 있었다. D5R/βA의 경우 약물비투약군이 약물투약군에서만 비하여 유의하게 증가되었다. 그러나 약물투약군과 정상대조군 간에는 도파민 수용체 mRNA(D3R/βA, D5R/βA)양에 있어서 차이가 없었다. 2) 항정신병 약물을 새로 투여하는 환자에서 항정신병 약물을 투여 후 임파구 도파민 수용체의 변화를 추적 관찰한 결과 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 3) 약물비투약군을 정상 대조군과 비교하여 D3R/βA mRNA가 정상범위에 속하는 군과 높은 군으로 나누어서 임상척도와 비교 분석한 결과 임파구 도파민 수용체가 증가한 군에서 다음과 같은 임상특징을 관찰할 수 있었다. (1) 정신병리증상이(BPRS) 현저하였다. (2) 약물치료에 대해 양성 정신병리증상(pBPRS)의 호전도가 낮았다. (3) 약물치료시 추체외로 부작용이 심하였다. 결 론 : 이상의 연구결과로 말초 임파구에서 발현되는 도파민 수용체는 정신분열병의 소군 분류 및 예후 예측에 있어서 임상적 의의가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 말초임파구에서 발현되는 도파민 수용체는 비록 이에 상응하는 뇌의 해부학적 위치는 알 수 없지만 중추신경계의 도파민 수용체의 기능을 반영할 가능성이 높다고 생각되었다. Objectives : Schizophrenia, commonly developed in adolescence and young adulthood, is one of the most common mental diseases in psychiatry. The etiology or pathogenesis of this disease is uncertain yet, but the dysfunction of dopaminergic system in the brain has been proposed. However, there is no direct evidence of dysfunction of brain dopaminergic systems in schizophrenic patients because the direct assessment of brain dopaminergic systems is almost impossible at present. To overcome this problem, recently founded dopamine receptors and their mRNAs in peripheral lymphocytes was used. The purpose of this study was to define whether the dopamine receptors of peripheral lymphocytes can be the peripheral markers of schizophrenia or not. Methods : The total numbers of subjects are 87 schizophrenic patients. Among them 44 patients were schizophrenics who had been taking antipsychotic drugs for more than 3 years(medicated patients), 43 schizophrenics who recently are not taken antipsychotic drugs for more than 3 months(drug-free patients). For controls age and sex matched 31 healthy persons were enrolled. Sequential reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction of the mRNA were used to investigate the expression of dopamine receptors in peripheral lymphocytes. The gene expression of dopamine receptors were compared in each groups and after starting antipsychotic medicines in drug-free patients, the clinical scales and the dopamine receptors of peripheral lymphocytes were sequentially studied before, 2 weeks after and 8 weeks after medication. Results : 1) In drug-free schizophrenics, D3 dopamine receptor mRNA expression of peripheral lymphocytes was significantly increased comparing with that of controls and drug-medicated schizophrenics and D5 dopamine receptor mRNA expression was increased comparing with only that of drug-medicated schizophrenics. There was no difference between controls and drug-medicated schizophrenics. 2) After antipsychotic medication, dopamine receptors of lymphocytes were increased tendency. 3) Drug-free patients were divided into two groups according to dopamine receptor expression in controls to evaluate the significance of increased dopamine receptor expression. The group of patients with increaseddopamine receptor expressio had following clinical characteristics. (1) More severe psychiatric symptoms (2) Poor pharmacological response of pBPRS on medicines (3) Severe extrapyramidal side effects after pharmacological treatment Conculsion : These results revealed that the molecular biologically determined dopamine receptors of peripheral lymphocytes were reactive, and increased expression of dopamine receptor in peripheral lymphocyte had clinical significance for subgrouping and prognostication. These findings suggested that dopamine receptors of peripheral lymphocyte may represent dopamine receptors of the brain, even the location cannot be determined.

Origin of Non-axisymmetric Features of Virgo Cluster Early-type Dwarf Galaxies. I. Bar Formation and Recurrent Buckling

Kwak, SungWon,Kim, Woong-Tae,Rey, Soo-Chang,Kim, Suk American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.839 No.1

<P>A fraction of early-type dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster have a disk component and even possess disk features such as bar, lens, and spiral arms. In this study, we construct 15 galaxy models that resemble VCC856, which is considered to be an infalling progenitor of disk dwarf galaxies, within observational error ranges, and use N-body simulations to study their long-term dynamical evolution in isolation as well as the formation of bar in them. We find that dwarf disk galaxies readily form bars unless they have an excessively concentrated halo or a hot disk. This suggests that infalling dwarf disk galaxies are intrinsically unstable to bar formation, even without any external perturbation, accounting for a population of barred dwarf galaxies in the outskirts of the Virgo cluster. The bars form earlier and stronger in galaxies with a lower fraction of counter-streaming motions, lower halo concentration, lower velocity anisotropy, and thinner disk. Similarly to normal disk galaxies, dwarf disk galaxies also undergo recurrent buckling instabilities. The first buckling instability tends to shorten the bar and to thicken the disk, and drives a dynamical transition in the bar pattern speed as well as mass inflow rate. In nine models, the bars regrow after the mild first buckling instability due to the efficient transfer of disk angular momentum to the halo, and are subject to recurrent buckling instabilities to turn into X-shaped bulges.</P>

Forest Canopy Density Estimation Using Airborne Hyperspectral Data

( Tae Hyub Kwon ),( Woo Kyun Lee ),( Doo Ahn Kwak ),( Tae Jin Park ),( Jong Yoel Lee ),( Suk Young Hong ),( Cui Guishan ),( So Ra Kim ) 대한원격탐사학회 2012 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

This study was performed to estimate forest canopy density (FCD) using airborne hyperspectral data acquired in the Independence Hall of Korea in central Korea. The airborne hyperspectral data were obtained with 36 narrow spectrum ranges of visible (Red, Green, and Blue) and near infrared spectrum (NIR) scope. The FCD mapping model developed by the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) uses vegetation index (VI), bare soil index (BI), shadow index (SI), and temperature index (TI) for estimating FCD. Vegetation density (VD) was calculated through the integration of VI and BI, and scaled shadow index (SSI) was extracted from SI after the detection of black soil by TI. Finally, the FCD was estimated with VD and SSI. For the estimation of FCD in this study, VI and SI were extracted from hyperspectral data. But BI and TI were not available from hyperspectral data. Hyperspectral data makes the numerous combination of each band for calculating VI and SI. Therefore, the principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to find which band combinations are explanatory. This study showed that forest canopy density can be efficiently estimated with the help of airborne hyperspectral data. Our result showed that most forest area had 60 ~ 80% canopy density. On the other hand, there was little area of 10 ~ 20% canopy density forest.

Local kallikrein–kinin system is involved in podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions

Kwak, Seung-Jae,Paeng, Jisun,Kim, Do Hee,Lee, Sun Ha,Nam, Bo-Young,Kang, Hye Young,Li, Jin Ji,Jung, Dong-Sub,Han, Seung Hyeok,Ryu, Dong-Ryeol,Park, Jung Tak,Chang, Tae Ik,Yoo, Tae-Hyun,Han, Dae Suk,Ka Springer-Verlag 2011 Apoptosis Vol.16 No.5

rvH1N1 Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activities of Phenolics from Perilla frutescens (L.) and Their Contents in Cultivars and Germplasm

( Tae Joung Ha ),( Myoung-hee Lee ),( Chang-hwan Park ),( Jung-in Kim ),( Eunyoung Oh ),( Suk-bok Pae ),( Jae Eun Park ),( Sung-up Kim ),( Do-yeon Kwak ) 한국육종학회 2018 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.6 No.4

The influenza neuraminidase (NA, E.C. 3.2.1.18), an antiviral, has been the target of high pharmaceutical companies due to its essential role in viral replication cycle. Perilla frutescens (P. frutescens) is used in traditional Chinese medicine for various diseases, such as cold due to wind-cold, headache and cough. In this context, four major polyphenolic compounds including rosmarinic acid-3-O-glucoside (1), rosmarinic acid (2), luteolin (3), and apigenin (4) isolated from P. frutescens were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on recombinant virus H1N1 neuraminidase (rvH1N1 NA). Among the test compounds, rosmarinic acid and luteolin inhibited the rvH1N1 NA with an IC50 of 46.7 and 8.4 μM, respectively. The inhibition kinetics analyzed by the Dixon plots indicated that rosmarinic acid and luteolin were noncompetitive inhibitors and that the inhibition constant, KI, was established as 43.9 and 14.3 μM, respectively. In addition, 578 genetically diverse accessions and 39 cultivars of P. frutescens were analyzed using HPLC to characterize the diversity of polyphenolic composition and concentration. The individual and total compositions exhibited significant difference (P < 0.05), especially rosmarinic acid which was detected as the predominant metabolite in all accessions (58.8%) and cultivars (62.8%). Yeupsil and Sangback cultivars exhibited the highest rosmarinic acid (3,393.5 μg/g) and luteolin (383.3 μg/g) content respectively. YCPL177-2 with the high concentration (889.8 μg/g) of luteolin may be used as a genetic resource for breeding elite cultivars.