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소화 효소 및 시간에 따른 고섬유소 사료의 In vitro 소화율 측정법
오서영(S. Y. Oh),이민영(M. Y. Lee),김재만(J. M. Kim),이지환(J. H. Lee),윤원(W. Yun),송태화(T. H. Song),정연근(Y. K. Cheong),조진호(J. H. Cho) 충북대학교 동물생명과학연구소 2015 동물생명과학연구 Vol.7 No.-
This study was conducted to investigate assay of high fiber diet in vitro digestibility according to digestive enzyme and time. Treatment of this study included: 1) CON (basic method) 2) T1 (sample amount: 2 times; enzyme level: 2 times) 3) T2 (sample amount: 2 times, enzyme level: 2 times, assay time: 1.5 times) 4) T3 (sample amount: 2 times, enzyme level: 2 times, assay time: 2 times). With regard to dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) digestibility, T3 and CON were higher than T1 and T2 (P<0.05). Also, with regard to DM and OM digestibility by time of digestion, base was similar T2. In conclusion, in vitro digestibility was closely related to digestion time.
Kang, H.w.,Song, P.H.,Ha, Y.S.,Kim, W.T.,Kim, Y.J.,Yun, S.J.,Lee, S.C.,Choi, Y.H.,Moon, S.K.,Kim, W.J. Pergamon Press 2013 European journal of cancer Vol.49 No.14
Background: We investigated whether genetic polymorphisms in the glutathione S transferase mu (GSTM1) and theta (GSTT1) genes modulated risk, disease progression and survival in primary muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Methods: GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were analysed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using blood genomic DNA in 110 MIBC patients and 220 gender- and age-matched healthy controls. The influence of the genetic polymorphisms on patient survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox Proportional Hazard models. We also evaluated whether cigarette smoking and treatment modality modified the association between genotype and prognosis. Results: GSTM1-null individuals exhibited increased risk for MIBC and an association with cigarette smoking. GSTT1-null subjects showed significant disease progression and cancer-specific death. In the combined analysis, GSTT1-null genotype was an independent risk factor for disease progression and cancer specific death regardless of GSTM1 genotype. Significant differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were seen based on GSTT1 genotype. The survival impact of the GSTT1 genotype was only valid for smokers. The GSTT1-null genotype was an independent prognostic factor for shorter PFS in patients who received chemotherapy and those who did not undergo radical cystectomy. By multivariate Cox regression analysis, GSTT1-null genotype was a predictive factor for disease progression and cancer specific survival regardless of treatment modality. Conclusions: The GSTM1-null genotype plays an important role in genetic susceptibility to MIBC and the GSTT1-null genotype is associated with disease progression and shorter survival in MIBC.
Printed internal antenna for mobile broadcasting (DVB-H/T-DMB) and communications (GSM900)
Kim, J-H,Chae, Y-B,Lim, J-H,Yun, T-Y IET 2012 IET microwaves, antennas & propagation Vol.6 No.6
<P>This study proposes a printed internal antenna operating in the digital video broadcasting-handheld (DVB-H) band and the terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) L-band for mobile broadcasting and the GSM900 band for mobile communications. Owing to the limited physical size of the mobile terminal, the miniature antenna technique is very important for a low-band application. The proposed antenna consists of a printed rectangular monopole with a U-shaped slot, an extended ground stub and a folder-type chassis, which are easily printed on an FR4 substrate. The antenna occupies an area of only 50×27×mm<SUP>2</SUP>, which makes it attractive for use with modern multiband and multifunctional slim handsets. The combined behaviour of the antenna resonant mode and the chassis resonant mode is utilised without any matching circuits or magneto-dielectric materials. In addition, the proposed antenna uses a second higher-order resonance of the extended ground stub and the U-shaped slot.</P>
Seroprevalence of equine piroplasms in the Republic of Korea
Seo, M.G.,Yun, S.H.,Choi, S.K.,Cho, G.J.,Park, Y.S.,Kwon, O.D.,Cho, K.H.,Kim, T.H.,Jeong, K.S.,Park, S.J.,Kwon, Y.S.,Kwak, D. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2011 Veterinary parasitology Vol.179 No.1
Equine piroplasms include two tick-borne protozoan parasites, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Although no clinical equine piroplasmosis has been reported in the Republic of Korea, the possible existence of the disease has been proposed due to a nationwide distribution of the vector ticks. To determine if the antibodies against B. caballi and T. equi were present, 184 sera of horses (Equus caballus) raised in the Republic of Korea from 2007 to 2010 were assessed using cELISA kits. Two (1.1%) out of 184 sera were positive for T. equi, but none were seropositive for B. caballi. Both samples tested positive came from one region (Gyeonggi province). The accuracy of the cELISA was confirmed by PCR using primers specific to the 18S rRNA of T. equi. This study presents for the first time horses infected by T. equi in the Republic of Korea. Since the infection of T. equi occurred in horses raised in the Republic of Korea, further studies with continuous monitoring of the vector ticks for equine piroplasms and appropriate control programs need to be established.
Feasibility experiment of physics-based global electron temperature profile control in KSTAR
Kim, H.-S.,Kim, S.H.,Jeon, Y.M.,Na, Y.-S.,Bae, Y.S.,Hahn, S.H.,Joung, M.,Lee, K.D.,Han, H.S.,Woo, M.H.,Lee, T.G.,Yun, S.W.,Yoon, S.W. Elsevier 2018 Fusion engineering and design Vol.135 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>KSTAR experiments have been conducted aiming at establishing a real-time control system that uses multiple actuators (NBI and ECH) to control the plasma profiles (T<SUB>e</SUB> and q profiles) and validating an applied physics-based plasma profile response model. Toward establishing the multiple plasma profile control system, the control experiment of the electron temperature profile has been performed in KSTAR as a first step. Although the plasma profile control system was in the commissioning phase, the electron temperature was feedback controlled successfully in real-time while the normalized radial profile of electron temperature remained nearly constant. In the circumstance, the implemented physics-based response model was successfully validated against control experiments with a step variation on the control target and an application of multiple actuators. The robustness of the controller is examined against an external disturbance in which a static version of the control matrix was used.</P>
Hysteresis and fast timescales in transport relations of toroidal plasmas
Itoh, K.,Itoh, S.-I.,Ida, K.,Inagaki, S.,Kamada, Y.,Kamiya, K.,Dong, J.Q.,Hidalgo, C.,Evans, T.,Ko, W.H.,Park, H.,Tokuzawa, T.,Kubo, S.,Kobayashi, T.,Kosuga, Y.,Sasaki, M.,Yun, G.S.,Song, S.D.,Kasuya, International Atomic Energy Agency 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.10
<P>This article assesses current understanding of hysteresis in transport relations, and its impact on the field. The rapid changes of fluxes compared to slow changes of plasma parameters are overviewed for both core and edge plasmas. The modulation ECH experiment is explained, in which the heating power cycles on-and-off periodically, revealing hysteresis and fast changes in the gradient–flux relation. The key finding is that hystereses were observed simultaneously in both the the gradient–flux and gradient–fluctuation relations. Hysteresis with rapid timescale exists in the channels of energy, electron and impurity densities, and plausibly in momentum. Advanced methods of data analysis are explained. Transport hysteresis can be studied by observing the higher harmonics of temperature perturbation <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$\delta T_{\rm m}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/10/102021/nfaa796aieqn001.gif'/> in heating modulation experiments. The hysteresis introduces the term <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$\delta T_{\rm m}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/10/102021/nfaa796aieqn002.gif'/>, which depends on the harmonic number <I>m</I> in an algebraic manner (not exponential decay). Next, the causes of hysteresis and its fast timescale are discussed. The nonlocal-in-space coupling works here, but does not suffice. One mechanism for ‘the heating heats turbulence’ is that the external source <I>S</I> in phase space for heating has its fluctuation in turbulent plasma. This coupling can induce the direct input of heating power into fluctuations. The height of the jump in transport hysteresis is smaller for heavier hydrogen isotopes, and could be one of the origins of isotope effects on confinement. Finally, the impacts of transport hysteresis on the control system are assessed. Control systems must be designed so as to protect the system from sudden plasma loss.</P>
Lee, H.G.,Hong, Z.S.,Wang, J.H.,Xu, C.X.,Jin, Y.C.,Kim, T.K.,Kim, Y.J.,Song, M.K.,Choi, Yun.-Jaei Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.11
A feeding trial was conducted to examine the effect of high-temperature-micro-time (HTMT) processing of diets containing extruded soybean (ESB) in high quantity on milk fat production, metabolic responses, and the formation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-vaccenic acid (TVA). Twenty-one multiparous Holstein cows in mid-lactation were blocked according to milk yield in the previous lactation. Cows within each block were randomly assigned to either normal concentrate or HTMT treated diets containing ESB (7.5% HTMT-ESB and 15% HTMT-ESB). It was hypothesized that the HTMT-ESB would affect the undegradable fatty acids in the rumen and, thus, would modify the fatty acid profile of milk fat. Both 7.5% and 15% HTMT-ESB did not affect milk yield, fat, protein, lactose and solid-not-fat (SNF), but the proportion of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat was significantly increased by these treatments. Content of TVA in milk fat was not affected by HTMT-ESB. The HTMT-ESB influenced the fatty acid profile in milk fat, but there was little difference between 7.5% and 15% of supplementation. HTMT-ESB feeding significantly decreased the concentration of plasma insulin and glucose, while plasma growth hormone (GH), triglyceride (TG), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and HDLcholesterol were increased by 7.5% and 15% ESB-HTMT supplementation in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in plasma LDL-cholesterol, insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1, T3, T4, and leptin concentrations among treatments (p>0.05). The present results showed that cis-9, trans-11 CLA production was increased by HTMT treatment of dietary ESB without reduction of milk fat, and the unchanged milk fat and yield was assumed to be associated with the constant level of thyroid hormones, leptin, and IGF-1.