Chemopreventive Potential of an Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Curcuma Longa is Associated with Upregulation of p57^kip2 and Rad9 in the PC-3M Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Rao, K.V.K.,Samikkannu, T.,Dakshayani, K.B.,Zhang, X.,Sathaye, S.S.,Indap, M.A.,Nair, Madhavan P.N. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3

Background: Turmeric ($Curcuma$ $longa$) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor properties. However, despite the progress in research with $C.$ $longa$, there is still a big lacuna in the information on the active principles and their molecular targets. More particularly very little is known about the role of cell cycle genes $p57^{kip2}$ and Rad9 during chemoprevention by turmeric and its derivatives especially in prostate cancer cell lines. Methods: Accordingly, in this study, we have examined the antitumor effect of several extracts of $C.$ $longa$ rhizomes by successive fractionation in clonogenic assays using highly metastatic PC-3M prostate cancer cell line. Results: A mixture of isopropyl alcohol: acetone: water: chloroform: and methanol extract of $C.$ $longa$ showed significant bioactivity. Further partition of this extract showed that bioactivity resides in the dichloromethane soluble fraction. Column chromatography of this fraction showed presence of biological activity only in ethyl acetate eluted fraction. HPLC, UV-Vis and Mass spectra studies showed presence three curcuminoids in this fraction besides few unidentified components. Conclusions: From these observations it was concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction showed not only inhibition of colony forming ability of PC-3M cells but also up-regulated cell cycle genes $p57^{kip2}$ and Rad9 and further reduced the migration and invasive ability of prostate cancer cells.

X-RAY ASTRONOMY EXPERIMENT ON THE INDIAN SATELLITE IRS-P3

AGRAWAL P. C.,PAUL B.,RAO A. R.,SHAH M. R.,MCKERJEE K.,VARIA M. N.,YADAV J. S.,DEDHIA D. K.,MALKAR J. P.,SHAH P.,DAMLE S. V.,MARAR T. M. K.,SEETHA S. The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1

An x-ray astronomy experiment consisting of three collimated proportional counters and an X-ray Sky Monitor (XSM) was flown aboard the Indian Satellite IRS-P3 launched on March 21, 1996 from SHAR range in India. The Satellite is in a circular orbit of 830 km altitude with an orbital inclination of $98^{\circ}$ and has three axis stabilized pointing capability. Each pointed-mode Proportional Counter (PPC) is a multilayer, multianode unit filled with P-10 gas ($90\%$ Ar + $10\%\;CH_4$) at 800 torr and having an aluminized mylar window of 25 micron thickness. The three PPCs are identical and have a field of view of $2^{\circ}{\times}2^{\circ}$ defined by silver coated aluminium honeycomb collimators. The total effective area of the three PPCs is about 1200 $cm^2$. The PPCs are sensitive in 2-20 keV band. The XSM consists of a pin-hole of 1 $cm^2$ area placed 16 cm above the anode plane of a 32 cm$\times$32 cm position sensitive proportional counter sensitive in 3-8 keV interval. The position of the x-ray events is determined by charge division technique using nichrome wires as anodes. The principal objective of this experiment is to carry out timing studies of x-ray pulsars, x-ray binaries and other rapidly varying x-ray sources. The XSM will be used to detect transient x-ray sources and monitor intensity of bright x-ray binaries. Observations of black-hole binary Cyg X-1 and few other binary sources were carried out in early May and July-August 1996 period. Details of the x-ray detector characteristics are presented and preliminary results from the observations are discussed.

Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) Extracts Reduce Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

T.P. Rao,N. Sakaguchi,L.R. Juneja,E. Wada,T. Yokozawa 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.3

The antioxidant properties of amla extracts and their effects on the oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induceddiabetes were examined in rats. Amla in the form of either the commercial enzymatic extract SunAmla (Taiyo Kagaku Co.Ltd., Yokkaichi, Japan) (20 or 40 mg/kg of body weight/day) or a polyphenol-rich fraction of ethyl acetate extract (10 or 20mg/kg of body weight/day) was given orally for 20 days to the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Amla extracts showedstrong free radical scavenging activity. Amla also showed strong inhibition of the production of advanced glycosylated endproducts. The oral administration of amla extracts to the diabetic rats slightly improved body weight gain and also signifi-cantly alleviated various oxidative stress indices of the serum of the diabetic rats. The elevated serum levels of 5-hydrox-ymethylfurfural, which is a glycosylated protein that is an indicator of oxidative stress, were significantly reduced dose-de-pendently in the diabetic rats fed amla. Similarly, the serum level of creatinine, yet another oxidative stress parameter, wasalso reduced. Furthermore, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels were significantly reduced with amla, indicating areduction in lipid peroxidation. In addition, the decreased albumin levels in the diabetic rats were significantly improved withamla. Amla also significantly improved the serum adiponectin levels. These results form the scientific basis supporting theefficacy of amla for relieving the oxidative stress and improving glucose metabolism in diabetes.

Isolation of a New Microsporidian sp. (NIK-5hm) forming Spores within the Haemocytes of Silkworm, B. mori L.

( T. Selvakumar ),( B. Nataraju ),( K. Chandrasekharan ),( S. D. Sharma ),( M. Balavenkatasubbaiah ),( P. Sudhakara Rao ),( V. Thiagarajan ),( S. B. Dandin ) 한국잠사학회 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.11 No.1

While observing silkworm larval samples received from field, microsporidian spores formed within the haemocytes of silkworm haemolymph were observed. The spores of microsporidian sp. were purified and characterized for morphological characters viz., size, shape as well as serological affinity with different Nosema spp. (M11 and M12). The infectivity of the isolated spores to silkworm was also studied. The microsporidian sp. was found to be highly pathogenic to silkworm, B. mori. The isolated microsporidian sp. was designated as NIK-5hm, which formed ovocylindrical spore in the haemocytes of silkworm and differed in spore size (length, 4.55 μm & width, 2.10 μm) and shape from Nosema bombycis (NIK-1s), NIK-2r (Nosema sp. Mysore [3.6 & 2.8 μm]), NIK-3h (Nosema sp. M11 [3.8 & 1.8 μm]), NIK-4m (Nosema sp. M12 [5.0 & 2.1 μm]) and Lb㎳ (Nosema sp. in Lamerine breed of silkworm [4.36 & 2.14]). In immonological test (Latex agglutination test), the isolated microsporidian spores did not react with antibody sensitized latex particles of N. bombycis, M11, M12 and Lb㎳ and thus are different type of microsporidian sp., parasitic to silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

Development of New Robust Bivoltine Silkworm Hybrid $SR2{\times}SR5$ for Rearing throughout the Year

Rao, P. Sudhakara,Nayaka, A. R. Narasimha,Mamatha, M.,Sowmyashree, T. S.,Bashir, Ifat,Ilahi, Irfan Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2007 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.14 No.2

A Silkworm breeding programme was designed to develop a robust but productive bivoltine silkworm hybrid of Bombyx mori L. suitable for rearing throughout the year in tropical climate by utilizing indigenous polyvoltine and productive bivoltine breeds. The breeding was carried out under high temperature ($36^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) and low humidity ($50{\pm}5%$) conditions in the environmental chamber. By $F_{12}$, three oval and three dumbbell breeds were isolated with higher survival and productive merits. These breeds were utilized in the hybrid evaluation along with other popular breeds. Based on combining ability test results, the hybrid $SR_2{\times}SR_5$ was selected for large scale testing and evaluated in different seasons. The evaluation studies indicated that the hybrid has higher viability and productive merits and it is suitable to rear throughout the year. The hybrid $SR_2{\times}SR_5$ recorded a survival of 92.0%, cocoon shell weight of 0.417 g, cocoon shell percentage of 23.0 and a filament length of 1042 meters under hot and dry conditions of environmental chamber compared to the control thermo-tolerant hybrid $CSR18{\times}CSR19$.

Effect of storage temperature and dormancy-breaking treatments on seed germination, moisture content and seed vigor in gum karaya (Sterculia urens Roxb.)

P. Subhashini Devi,B. Satyanarayana,A. Arundhati,T. Raghava Rao 한국산림과학회 2012 Forest Science And Technology Vol.8 No.1

Sterculia urens is a commercially important tree with wide applications. Although it reproduces by seed, its germination requirements are not known. The seed also suffers with dormancy. The present study is an attempt to understand the proper storage conditions and also the type of dormancy in seeds of Sterculia urens. The optimum temperature for storage of seeds was found to be 0–4℃ in a polythene bag which retained the required moisture content of seed for germination. The treatment with phytohormones showed maximum increase in germination percentage followed by acid and mechanical scarification, suggesting both physical and physiological dormancy in seeds of Sterculia urens.

Effect of Gd Doping on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ni-Cu-Zn-Fe$_2$O$_4$

P. Venkata Srinivasa Rao,T. Anjaneyulu,M. Rami Reddy 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.75 No.4

Ni$_{0.5}$Cu$_{0.25}$Zn$_{0.25}$Gd$_x$Fe$_{2-x}$O$_4$ ($x$ = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) ferrites were synthesized using an oxalic-based precursor method. A single phase Ni-Cu-Zn-Gd ferrite was observed from X-ray diffraction (XRD) data except for higher Gd content. For $x$ = 0.1, a secondary phase due GdFe$_2$O$_3$ was observed. The particle size was observed to decrease and the lattice constant to increase with increasing Gd doping concentration. The IR spectra confirmed the existence of bands corresponding to spinel ferrites. The IR band positions were observed to shift towards higher positions with increasing Gd doping concentration. The saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanence magnetization were observed to increase as a result of Gd doping. The substitution of Gd ions in the place of Fe ions resulted in changes in the structural and magnetic properties due to replacement of smaller ionic radii Fe ions by larger ionic radii Gd ions.

Annealing Temperature Dependent Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ni-Cu-Zn Nanoferrites

P. Venkata Srinivasa Rao,T. Anjaneyulu,M. Rami Reddy 한국물리학회 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.72 No.5

The effect of annealing temperature on the structural and the magnetic properties of Ni0.5Cu0.25Zn0.25Fe2O4 (Ni−Cu−Zn) nanoferrites synthesized using an oxalic-based precursor method was investigated in detail. A single phase of the Ni−Cu−Zn ferrite was observed from X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. From the XRD analysis, the grain size was found to increase with increasing annealing temperature from 500 to 800 °C whereas the lattice constant was found to decrease. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed nanosize grains in the prepared samples. The magnetization analysis showed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) increased with increasing annealing temperature due to the increasing grain size whereas the coercivity (Hc) and the remanence magnetization (Mr) showed decreasing behaviors. The Curie temperature (TC) was measured for all samples. As the grain size increased the Curie temperature was also observed to increase. For these samples, the Curie temperatures lies between 426 K to 504 K. The dielectric constant (ε') was observed to be higher for these samples. The dielectric loss tangent increase slowly with increasing frequency till a particular frequency, after that it slowly decreased. Therefore the annealing temperature was observed to have a significant effect on the structural, magnetic and electrical properties of synthesized Ni−Cu−Zn ferrite.

Applying Z-Curve Technique to Compute Skyline Set in Multi Criteria Decision Making System

T. Vijaya Saradhi,Kodukula Subrahmanyam,P. Venkateswara Rao,Hye-jin Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.12

The skyline queries are the best tools to be used in distributed multi criteria decision making of web based applications for user commendations. However, as the Data dimensions are increasing size of dominance set and skyline set is also increasing. Increasing dimensionality becomes the major problem with real word databases. In skyline computation major cost depends on finding dominance tests between high dimensional objects and the order in which they are accessing. Space filling Z-curve is the best suitable way to address the challenges in skyline computation. In this proposed work, we incorporated Z-curve with optimized skyline boundary detection algorithm to effective access and early pruning. In this paper efficient hybrid index structure was proposed which takes the advantage of sorting and partition approaches to improve the storage and search efficiency. Experimental results show that our propose approach is better than the previous static skyline computation techniques in terms of searching and finding skyline set.

Simulation of Capacitively Graded Bushing for Very Fast Transients Generated in a GIS during Switching Operations

Rao, M.Mohana,Rao, T. Prasad,Ram, S.S. Tulasi,Singh, B.P. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2008 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.3 No.1

In a gas insulated substation (GIS), Very Fast Transient Over-voltages (VFTOs) are generated due to switching operations and ground faults. These fast transients are associated with high frequency components of the order of a few hundreds of MHz. These transients may cause internal faults i.e., layer-to-layer faults or minor faults in a capacitively graded bushing, which is one of the important pieces of terminal equipment for GIS. In the present study, the PSPICE model has been developed to calculate the voltage distribution across the layers of 420kV graded bushing for high frequency pulses of rise time 1 to 50ns, which simulate the VFTO. For this simulation, an equivalent electrical network of bushing with different equivalent layers has been considered. The effect of different equivalent layers modeling circuits on the non-uniform voltage factor has been analysed. The influence of copper strip inductance on voltage distribution across layers has also been analysed for various rise times of high frequency transients. Finally, the leakage current of the bushing is calculated for evaluating the bushing condition under these transients.