교실영어의 효율적인 사용 전략

선규수,조초희,조복희 광주교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2000 初等敎育硏究 Vol.15 No.1

This article proposes some strategies for effective use of classroom English in the EFL classroom. For this purpose, it argues the relationships between the use of classroom English and classroom language teaching. Through the use of classroom English, teachers of English should, whether native or non-native, help pupils progress from dependence on the book and on the teacher to independence, which is often called autonomy. The present article also analyzes the problems of current studies of classroom English. Particularly, the teachers of English who they think have limited proficiency of English and who teach young pupils in the EFL context may find that those studies rarely provide them with relevant information on classroom language teaching. A coherent, principled framework of classroom English needs to be proposed so that non-native speaker teachers of English can effectively use it for their English language teaching, depending on their students' age. The strategies thus developed are strongly supported by communicative language teaching in the EFL context.

인삼엽의 엽록체발달과 CO2 고정양상에 관한 연구

이순희,조영동,홍영남,권영명 ( Sun Hi Lee,Young Dong Cho,Young Nam Hong,Young Myung Kwon ) 생화학분자생물학회 1982 BMB Reports Vol.15 No.2

Development of chloroplast, ability of CO₂-fixation, photosynthetic early intermediates and activities of catalase and glycolate oxidase were observed during greening process. Such results were discussed with the formation of CP-complex. The phenomenon of chloroplast development was similar to other plants, but the rate of process was relatively slow, and ability of CO₂-fixation was slow accordingly. The increase in chlorophyll was observed after more than 12 hours illumination. Such results were paralleled with the formation of CP-complex in thylakoid membrane. Considering the low ability of CO₂-fixation compared with that of other sun-plants, different photosynthetic intermediates at early period, and activities of both glycolate oxidase and catalase, ginseng is more likely to be C₃-plant.

인삼엽(人蔘葉)의 엽록체발달(葉綠體發達)과 $CO_2$ 고정양상(固定樣相)에 관한 연구(硏究)

이순희,조영동,홍영남,권영명,Lee, Sun-Hi,Cho, Young-Dong,Hong, Young-Nam,Kwon, Young-Myung 생화학분자생물학회 1982 한국생화학회지 Vol.15 No.2

인삼엽의 greening과정중 엽록체발달(葉綠體發達), $CO_2$ 고정능(固定能), 초기(初期) 광합성(光合成) 중간대사산물(中間代謝産物), catalase와 glycolate oxidase 활성등을 조사(調査)하였고, 이러한 결과(結果)들은 CP-complex의 생성(生成)과 연관시켜 논의(論議)하였다. 엽록체발달양상(葉綠體發達樣相)은 타식물(他植物)과 같았으나 그 과정(過程)이 비교적 느렸고, 따라서 $CO_2$고정능(固定能)도 느렸다. 12시간 이상(以上) 빛을 조사(照射)하여야 엽록소양(量)이 증가하였다. 이러한 결과(結果)는 엽록체발달(葉綠體發達)에 따라 thylakoid막(膜)에서 CP-cmplex의 생성(生成)의 증가와 일치하였다. $CO_2$고정능(固定能)은 다른 양지식물(陽地植物)에 비하여 훨씬 낮았으며, 초기(初期) 광합성(光合成) 중간대사산물(中間代謝産物)의 변이(變異)와 glycolate oxidase 및 catalase 등의 활성(活性)으로 보아 인삼은 $C_3$-plant임을 추정할 수 있었다. Development of chloroplast, ability of $CO_2$-fixation, photosynthetic early intermediates and activities of catalase and glycolate oxidase were observed during greening process. Such results were discussed with the formation of CP-complex. The phenomenon of chloroplast development was similar to other plants, but the rate of process was relatively slow, and ability of $CO_2$-fixation was slow accordingly. The increase in chlorophyll was observed after more than 12 hours illumination. Such results were paralleled with the formation of CP-complex in thylakoid membrane. Considering the low ability of $CO_2$-fixation compared with that of other sun-plants, different photosynthetic intermediates at early period, and activities of both glycolate oxidase and catalase, ginseng is more likely to be $C_3$-plant.

대유행인플루엔자 대비를 위한 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 : 고안 및 평가

설희윤,김지량,권보란,목정하,이선희,곽임수,정진우,김정수,고옥배,조은희,김성순,신상숙,이상원 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.2

목적 : 의료기관의 범유행 인플루엔자에 대한 효과적인 대비를 위한 훈련방법으로서 의료기관-바탕 탁상훈련 (hospital based tabletop exercise)의 유용성과 순응도를 평가하기 위해서 시행되었다. 재료 및 방법 : 탁상 훈련은 부산대학교 병원에서 시행되었으며 병원의 주요의사결정권자 및 주요부서 대표자, 실무자 42명이 지휘부, 진료부, 지원부 3그룹으로 나뉘어 훈련에 참가하였다 탁상훈련의 시나리오는 의료기관의 자체 훈련을 위해서 고안하였으며 현재 동남아에서 유행하고 있는 H5N1 인플루엔자가 국내에 처음으로 유입되어 확산되는 과정에서 의료기관에서 발생할 수 있는 상황을 3가지 모듈로 구성하였다. 훈련 평가는 훈련 전후에 각각 익명의 설문조사를 시행하였다. 결과 : 훈련에 초청된 참여자 42명 중 37명(88%)이 실제 당일 훈련에 참여하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 전 시행한 설문에 27명(73%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 전 정가에서는 훈련을 통해 획득하고 싶은 지식이나 기술의 우선 순위를 물었으며, 참여자들이 가장 중요하다고 생각하는 항목은 대유행인플루엔자 바이러스에 대한 지식 향상 22%, 병원 각 부서가 취해야 할 계획 및 의사소통과 관련된 지식 향상 19%, 지역사회 병원들 간의 상호협력을 향상시킬 전략 계발이 19%이었다. 그룹토의 동안에는 환자의 조기 발견 이후 대응에 대한 토론이 많았지만, 구체적인 부분이 미흡하였고, 대유행 인플루엔자에 대한 기본적인 이해가 부족하였다. 훈련에 참여한 37명의 직원 중에서 훈련 후 시행한 설문에 21명(57%)이 응답하였다. 훈련 후 평가에서 탁상훈련의 전반적인 만족도에 대한 질문에서 81%가 만족하였다고 답변을 하였고, 새로운 것을 배우는데 유용했는가 대한 질문에도 86%가 유용했다고 답변하였다. 결론 : 탁상훈련은 의료기관의 대유행인플루엔자 대비에 효과적인 훈련방법이라고 생각되며 훈련을 통해 의료기관 내의 여러 부서들이 각 의료기관의 특성에 맞는 현실적이고 실제적인 대비 계획을 수립하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 기대된다. 그러나 향후 토른 촉진, 구체적인 결과에 도달을 유도할 수 있는 질문, 끼워넣기 개발, 적절한 시간 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : To evaluate the usefulness and compliance of a hospital-based tabletop exercise in setting of pandemic influenza in hospitals. Materials and Methods : Tabletop exercise was held in Pusan National University Hospital and forty two hospital employees were invited to participate in the exercise. The scenario for hospital-based tabletop exercise was designed. It consisted of three modules, which simulated the influx and outbreak of H5N1 influenza that was epidemic in Southeast Asia. Pre-, post-exercise surveys were completed by anonymous questions. Results : Thirty-seven (88%) of 42 invited participants attended exercise. AII members of the administration group and the ancillary services group participated. But, only 77% members of the clinical services group participated. In pre-exercise survey, priorities of eight goals regarding skills and knowledge during exercise were inquired., The highest priorities pointed out by the respondents were "Increase the knowledge of pandemic influenza" (22%), "Development of strategies for optimal communication among employees within specific department" (19%) and "Development of strategies for improved coordination between facilities within the health system" (19%). Twenty-one (57%) of participants completed the post-exercise surveys. At post-exercise surveys, 81% of the participants stated that the tabletop exercise was extremely or very useful, 86% of the participants also stated that it increased their knowledge of pandemic influenza. Conclusion : Tabletop exercise is an effective modality for increasing pandemic influenza preparedness in hospitals, and this method is useful for guiding preparedness activities within the hospital environment. Further studies to determine the appropriate method of discussion, questionnaire, duration of exercise and injection are needed.

가족커뮤니케이션과 의복 구매유형에 따른 청소년의 마켓가치 평가 및 구매 영향력 연구

조희라,이선재 한국의류학회 2001 한국의류학회지 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this study were to investigate the purchase influence of teenagers in the family by examining the evaluation of market value according to their clothing purchase style. The questionaire survey was carried out 572 high school, and middle school students in Seoul region in Feb., 2000. SPSS package program was used to analyze the gathered data. The results of the research were as follows: 1. Four types of family communication patterns were identified through cluster analyses: laissez-faires, protectives, pluralistics, consensuals. 2. Market values were classified into seven dimensions by factor analyses: user value-psychological value, performance value; payer value-payment convenience value, price value; buyer valuepersonalization value, service value, purchase convenience value. 3. Independent purchase was evaluated higher than joint purchase for the price value and psychological value, while pint purchase marked higher than independent purchase for the performance value, payment convenience value, service value and purchase convenience value. And there were some differences in the results of evaluation among the family communication patterns.

소아환자와 성인에서 사전산소투여의 비교

조미선,이귀용,한종인,김동연,정락경,김종학,김치효,이춘희 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1998 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.21 No.3

목적: 사전 산소 투여는 100% 산소를 마취유도전에 흡입시킴으로써 산소 예비량을 증가시켜 저산소증을 예방하기 이한 수기로 소아에서는 저산소혈증에 민감하므로 호기말 산소 농도가 90%가 되기 위한 사전 산소 투여 기간을 성인과 비교하여 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 건강한 5 ~ 13세 소아 환자와 성인환자 각각 24명을 대상으로 하였으며 CapnomacⅡ(Datex, Helsinki Finland) 가스채취 카테테르에 5Fr 크기의 카테테르를 연결하여 비강내에 고정시킨후 호기말 가스를 채취하였다. 호기말 산소 및 이산화 탄소 농도를 매 15초간격으로 3분간 측정하였다. 결과: 소아환자는 75초 경과후에 호기말 산소 농도가 91.6±2.6%에 도달하였으나 성인은 180초 경과후에 89.6±2.4%에 도달하였다. 호기말 이산화 탄소 농도는 사전 산소 투여후 유의한 변화가 없었다. 결론: 소아에서는 빠른 산소 교체가 일어날 수 있으며 일회 호흡량, 생리적 사강, 기능적 잔기용량의 크기가 몸 크기로 볼 때 성인과 비슷하지만 소아에서는 환기 횟수가 빨라서 호기말 산소 농도가 성인에 비해 빨리 90%에 도달한다. 그러나 저산소증에 민감한 소아환자에서는 사전 산소호가 반드시 필요하며 적어도 3분이상으로 하여야 한다. Objectives : Preoxygenation is recommended in order to prevent hypoxemia with hypoven-tilation or apnea during induction of anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the duration of preoxygenation required to achieve an end-tidal oxygen fraction(FE'O_2) of 0.9 in children and adults. Method : In 24 healthy children and adults breathing 100% oxygen, end tidal oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration have been measured at 15 seconds interval from the start of liter per minute. The gas sampling line of the CapnomacⅡ(Datex, Helsinki, Finland) was placed in the nasal cavity. Results : The study showed that all children attained an FE'O_2 of 0.9 within 75s of preoxy-genation, but adults had not reached an FE'O_2 of 0.9 within 180s. Conclusion : More oxygen wash-in would be expected in children. We suggested that at least 3 min of preoxygenation should be performed before intravenous induction of anesthesia in children.

ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF QUATERNION FIELDS

CHO, IN-HO,KWON, SUN-HI,LIM, JONG-IN Korean Mathematical Society 1989 대한수학회논문집 Vol.4 No.1

The optimization of biodegradation of 2,4-D using response surface methodology

Sun Kyun Yoo,Byung Hoon Kim,Do Hwan Kim,Myung Hi Han,Sung Yong Cho 대한환경공학회 2002 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2002 No.06

Long COVID-19 and Health-Related Quality of Life of Mild Cases in Korea: 3-Months Follow-up of a Single Community Treatment Center

Soh Hi Sun,Cho BeLong 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.46

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) survivors mount as the pandemic continues. To date, studies on persistent symptoms and their effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in mild COVID-19 cases have been limited. Methods: A prospective online survey was conducted in COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Seongnam Community Treatment Center, an isolation center in South Korea, from November 23rd 2021 to January 2nd 2022. Patients above the age of 19 with no or mild symptoms were included in the study. Total of 147 patients returned to the follow-up survey 3 months after discharge. Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, symptoms, and EuroQol-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) measures were investigated. Results: The median (interquartile range [IQR]) interval period between the initial and follow-up survey was 96.0 (93.0–98.0) days. The median (IQR) age of participants was 51.0 (43.0–61.0). During isolation, 131 (89.1%) patients manifested symptoms. On follow-up, 82 (55.8%) participants remained symptomatic. Common symptoms were constitutional (fatigue, myalgia), neurological (memory impairment, hyposmia, hypogeusia, dizziness), and neuropsychiatric (anxiety) symptoms. Participants with remaining neuropsychiatric symptoms reported the lowest EQ-5D-5L index values. Factors associated with persistent symptoms and diminished HRQoL were identified as female sex, metabolic disease, and anxiety during acute COVID-19 phase. Conclusions: Cardiopulmonary symptoms improved over time but constitutional, neurological, neuropsychiatric symptoms remained. Patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms (anxiety and insomnia) reported the worst HRQoL. Female sex, metabolic disease, and anxiety during the acute COVID-19 phase were associated with long COVID. Observations of long-term symptoms of COVID-19 with decline in HRQoL and integrated research in COVID-19 survivors are warranted.

의류제품의 상표관계 경로모형 연구 : 제1보 Part Ⅰ

이선재,조희라 한국의류학회 2002 한국의류학회지 Vol.26 No.6

Brand relationship, which refers to the bond between brands and consumers, plays an important role in marketing due to its positive or negative effects on consumer behavior. The goals of this research were 1) to identify the types of brand relationships between young female consumers and apparel brands, and 2) to examine the influence of brand relationships over consumers' favorable attitudes and strong attachment (durability) to the brands. For the purpose of this study, ten casual wear brands, which are highly perceived by and popular with high school and university female students, were chosen by a preliminary inquiry. And then focused group interviews were performed to develop a questionnaire. The main examination was performed from August 20 to September 12, 2000, using five types of surveys each of which contained two brands. SPSS 8.0 was used for factor analysis and regression analysis. Four types of brand relationships were categorized based on the results of factor analysis: self-devotion, intimacy, rejection and trust. Each factor showed significant influence on both positive attitude and durability.