Cytokine and Tumor Environments

Jin Tae Hong1*, Ju Kyung Song, Sun Mi Kwon, Byung Woo Ahn, Youngsoo Kim, Sang Bae Han 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1

Cytokines are known to function as regulatory molecules that can be produced by virtually every nucleated cell type in the body, including lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and many others. Cytokines include lymphocyte-derived factors (lymphokines), monocyte-derived factors (monokines), hematopoietic factors (colony-stimulating factors), connective tissue/growth factors, and chemotactic chemokines. Cytokines released in response to infection can affect tumor development in different ways. When exposed to infectious agents, cytokines are secreted by sentinel cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. These cytokines include interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as others, such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18. When released in sufficient quantities, these molecules can cause inflammation. Chronic inflammation is highly associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. In this article, we review the roles and mechanisms of cytokines in tumor development.

우반구 뇌 손상 후 나타난 연축성 발성장애 1예

권미선,심현섭,정선주,이재홍 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.1

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a kind of focal dystonia of larynx and it is calssified into three subtypes:adductor type, abductor type, and mixed type. The etiology of SD is not clearly known yet. Cortical dysfunction is regarded as one of the causes of SD based on the clinical data in which patients who showed SD due to the lesion of the central nervous system. The lesions documented so far involve the basal ganglia, supplementary motor area, and thalamus in the dominant hemisphere. We report an unusual case with SD after an ischemic lesion of the precentral gyrus in the right hemisphere, which is rarely mentioned in relation to SD. The characteristics of the symptoms and cortical functions in phonation are discussed.

급성 ST 분절 상승 심근경색증의 표준진료지침 설계

권선옥,김우식,오명기,나종천,이홍기,조욱현,최석구 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

The use of critical pathways for a variety of clinical conditions has grown rapidly in recent years, particularly pathways for patients with acute myocardial infarction. We intend to determine the impact of a clinical pathway on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared with primary PCI. Low risk STEMI patients (ST elevation >0.1mV in more than 2 limb leads or ST elevation >0.2mV in contiguous precordial lead, chest pain lasting more than 30 min without response to nitroglycerin) will be included. All patients will be also treated medically according to critical pathway. STEMI is one of the common diseases in emergency medicine and so it is necessary to establish realistic treatment guidelines. The use of critical pathways will improve the quality of care.

芥子 收量檢定試驗區의 크기와 모양에 따른 變異係數(C.V.) 推定

權炳善,李洪宰 順天大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

芥子의 圃場實驗을 遂行함에 있어 適正試驗區의 面積 및 모양을 定하기 위해 實驗한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 實驗經費를 고려하지 않은 경우의 適正面積은 10-12㎡의 범위로 推定된다. 2. 分散(S²), 標準偏差(S.D) 및 變異係數(C.V.)는 實驗區 面積이 클수록 낮았고 實驗區모양은 列數를 많게 配置한 正方型에서 變異係數(C.V.)가 낮았다. This study was carried out to determine the optimum plot size and plot shape in Yield trials of mustardseed. Based on the obsservations of 360 basic units, plot size of 10-12㎡ was found to be appropriate for mustardseed yield trials. Lower coefficients of variation indicated the preference of square plot to rectangular plot.

연 X-선 현미경을 이용한 금 나노입자 세포영상

권영만,김한경,김경우,김선희,윤홍화,천권수,강성훈,박성훈,정선관,윤권하 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.3

연 x-선 현미경은 ‘물의 창’ 영역(2.3~4.4 nm)의 파장을 이용하여, 수십 nm의 분해능으로 세포를 파괴하지 않고 살아있는 상태에서 세포의 내부구조를 관찰할 수 있어 가시광선현미경과 전자현미경을 단점을 보완하는 특징을 갖는 세포 생물학 연구에 적합한 현미경이다. 그러나 기존 연 x-선 현미경은 광원으로 방사선 가속기를 이용하기 때문에 사용이 제한적이었다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 2.88 nm의 연 x-선을 광원으로 사용하는 소형 연 x-선 현미경을 이용하여, 내포작용에 의해 금 나노입자를 포획한 HT1080과 MDA-MB 231 세포의 영상을 약 60 nm 분해능으로 획득하였다. 금 나노입자의 세포에 대한 독성을 제거하기 위하여 폴리에틸렌 글리콜을 캡핑하였고, 2.88 nm 파장의 연 x-선에 대하여 충분한 조영효과로 인하여 세포영상에서 뚜렷한 대조도를 나타내었다. 내포작용에 의해 액포에 포함되어 있는 다양한 크기의 금 나노입자 군집을 확인하였으며, 세포내부의 액포의 분포상태도 관찰할 수 있었다. 따라서 고분해능을 가진 소형 연 x-선 현미경을 이용하여 금 나노입자를 세포내의 미세기관이나 특정 단백질에 표지하면 연 x-선에 대한 조영효과의 증가에 의하여 더욱 유용한 정보를 획득할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. A compact soft x-ray microscope operated in the ‘water window’ wavelength region (2.3~4.4 nm) was used for observing cells with nano-scale spatial resolution. To obtain cellular imaging captured with colloidal gold nanoparticles using a compact soft x-ray microscope. The colloidal gold nanoparticles showed higher contrast and lower transmission more than 7 times than that of cellular protein on the soft x-ray wavelength region. The structure and thickness of the cell membrane of the Coscinodiscus oculoides (diatome) and red blood cells were seen clearly. The gold nanoparticles within the HT1080 and MDA-MB 231 cells were seen clearly on the soft x-ray microscopy. The gold nanoparticles were aggregated within vesicles by endocytosis.

壓縮코일스프링의 設計自動化

권혁홍,최선준 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.6

Springs for vehicle suspension control the vibration of a car and influence on the ridability, safety, and life of a car. In the paper, the computer aided design program has been developed, which design the leaf spring shape from the given spec-ifications using basic theory and the expert's knowledge, and the design results arc checked by the analysis theory in order to increase the accuracy, and feed back to the design input. For the purpose of easy use, this program consists of pull-down menu and interactive input mode. To prove the effec-tiveness of this program, two springs, of which one is symmetric, other asymmetric, arc designed and analyzed, and the outputs are compared to the experiments. Considering the tolerance of the given specifications, the results are good.

銅板핀이 附着된 水平圓筒에서의 自然對流 熱傳達

權純錫,金善政,洪南湖 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1987 硏究報告 Vol.11 No.1

This study on the natural convection has been studied experimentally for the heat transfer characteristics of the horizontal cylinder with one copper fin in air according to the various lengths of fin and the various Rayleigh numbers. The experimental results are as follows; 1. When Rayleigh number is constant, local Nusselt number from the cylinder surface is decreased by increasing fin length. 2. When Rayleigh number is constant, mean fin Nusselt number has the highest value at ℓ=0.2 and the increasing value at ℓ<0.2 and the decreasing value at ℓ≥ 0.2 as the fin length increases. 3. Local fin Nusselt number is increased apparently near the base and rapidly near the tip, and the value near the tip is decreased as dimensionless fin length increases. 4. When fin length is constant, mean fin, mean cylinder and mean total Nusselt number are increased by increasing Rayleigh number.

박판스프링 교정시스템 구축에 관한 연구

권혁홍,김선호 대진대학교 1997 大眞論叢 Vol.5 No.-

This paper describes that study which construct a theoretic and experimental algorithm in order to make the automatic correction system of detent spring, and when load for correction pressed at spring, it can be found elastic and plastic deformation quantities by Finite Element Analysis. As a result, it has been found that the simulation datas are in good agreement with experimetal results.

기어加工用 챔퍼링머신의 構造解析

權赫洪,金善浩 대진대학교 1994 大眞論叢 Vol.2 No.-

In this study the structure analysis of chamfering m/c is developed to improve dynamic characteristics To this purpose a chamfering m/c is mathematically modelled and dynamic response analysis of the model are investigated by use of Finite Element Method(FEM). The investigation procedures are as follows. The finite element modelling of the chamfering m/c is done with triangular and rectangular plate elements and each node of the elements has 6 degrees of freedom. And this model is idealized as a forced vibration system under impulse load by cutting force Model parameters, natural frequency and mode shape, and dynamic response for displacement and stress are analyzed by use of mode superposition method. To reduce computing time of dynamic response analysis, lower vibration mode is analyzed with master-DOF and mass participation factor. In this case maximum relative displacement is occured at 17.483 Hz in the right column. this result

갯쑥부쟁이(Heteropappus hispidus (Thunb.))의 감마방사선 감수성과 M1 세대 형질변동 특징

오병권,홍경애,송성준,유장걸,이선주,이영일 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2003 연구보고 Vol.17 No.-

제주도에서 자생하는 갯쑥부정이(Heteropappus hispidus(Thunb.))에 감마선을 10, 20, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 300, 400Gy 수준으로 나누어서 조사한 뒤 발아율 및 발아 30일 후의 본엽 출현을, LD_(50), 본엽길이, 줄기부분의 안토시아닌 색소 형성 유무, 생육 60일 후의 로젯형 엽, multi-shoot 형성율, 초장, 채화 결실율등의 주요 양적형질들을 생존개체를 대상으로 실시하였다. 120Gy 까지의 발아율은 88.5%로 대조구와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 160Gy 이상에서 부터는 급격히 감소하여 치사선량(LD_(50))은 160Gy 범위 정도였다. 또한, 본엽 출연율과 그 길이는 조사선량이 높아질수록 억제되었다. 안토시아닌 색소 형성은 조사전량이 높을수록 대조구 2%에서 30%로 높아졌으며 로젯형도 고선량 처리구에서 발생하였다. Multi-shooting은 80Gy 이상일 때 부터 나타났으며 multi-shooting을 형성하는 개체들은 초장은 짧고 줄기는 가늘게 다발형으로 자라는 특성이 있어서 만일 형질이 고정된다면 화분 관상용 개체로 선발하기에 적합하였다. 특히, 조사선량이 증가됨에 따라서 안토시아닌 색소 형성, 로젯형 개체, multi-shoot등의 개체가 많이 출현되었는데 이는 돌연변이 유기의 선발지표가 될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. The seeds of naturally growing Heteropappus hispidus Thunb were treated by nine different doses(0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 300, 400㏉) of gamma rays to investigate their germination rate and to quantify the characteristics of their germinated plant as like as leaf appearance and length, the formation rate of anthocyanin color in stem 30 days after germination, the formation rate of rosette leaf and multi-shoot, the flowering and seed-bearing, and shoot length. The germination rate at least up to 120 ㏉ was not greatly affected but was rapidly decreased at over 160 ㏉. It seemed that lethal dose(LD_(50)) of germination was 160 ㏉. The leaf appearance and growth was also inhibited, but the formation rate of anthocyanin color in the flower stem was enhanced up to 30% with dose. The rosette plants were observed in plants irradiated with higher than 40 ㏉. Multi-shoots were developed over 80 ㏉. For a short shoot length and bundle of thin stem, it was considered that they can be selected as the potential pot flower plants, through genetic fixation. In particular, it was suggested that the formation of anthocyanin color in flower stem, rosette and multi-shoot plants induced by the morphologically markers for the mutant selection of Heteropappus hispidus (Thunb.)