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특허회피설계에 있어서 TRIZ를 사용한 클레임의 기능식 분해분석의 활용에 관한 연구
조세훈(Sehoon Cho) 대한산업공학회 2021 대한산업공학회지 Vol.47 No.4
Patents are legally the most desirable safeguard as an intangible asset when a product or service is newly created. Worldwide, the number of patent applications is increasing every year and patent disputes are also increasing. Patent design-around is an important process to fundamentally resolve patent disputes, and it is changing into an essential procedure in research and development as well. This study focuses on the procedure after the analysis of the scope of general legal rights for patent claims in the patent design-around. The procedure and method use the main theory of TRIZ to provide a method for the developer to convert the patent into a technical system and systematically decompose the elements and functions that compose the system. The proposed method guides the developer to attempt various changes to the elements of the claim that have been disassembled using some of TRIZ’s tools. The attempt of patent design-around according to the guide makes it possible to secure new conceptual designs and good patents. The case and results of this study were utilized and verified in the actual work of the company.
The effect of oral antibiotics on the skin microbiota characteristics in acne
( Sehoon Lee ),( Eun Sun Hong ),( Eun Jung Byun ),( Yu Ri Woo ),( Jeong Deuk Lee ),( Sang Hyun Cho ),( Hei Sung Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2
Background: With the extensive use of oral antibiotics for treatment of moderate to severe acne, it is important to understand the association of such antibiotic use with changes not only in Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) but also in the complete bacterial community of the skin. Objectives: We sought to investigate the changes of skin microbiota in acne patients in association with oral antibiotics. Methods: The skin microbiota of acne patients, before and after taking 6 weeks of oral antibiotics (oral doxycycline, 100mg, twice daily) were compared. Skin areas on the cheek were sampled for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results: Twenty patients were included in this study (11 female, 8 males, ages between 11-44 years). Across all patients, antibiotic treatment was associated with reduction in the levels of C. acnes, Snodgrassella alvi, Corynebacterium matruchotii etc., and an increase in Neisseria oralis, Enterococcus hirae et al. There also was a significant change in microbial diversity represented by Shannon and Inverse Simpson index. Conclusion: In this study, oral antibiotic treatment of acne was associated with changes in the composition and diversity of the skin microbiota.
The effect of oral antibiotics on the skin microbiota in rosacea
( Sehoon Lee ),( Eun Sun Hong ),( Eun Jung Byun ),( Yu Ri Woo ),( Jeong Deuk Lee ),( Sang Hyun Cho ),( Hei Sung Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2
Background: Given the widespread use of oral antibiotics for treatment of rosacea, it is important to understand the association of such antibiotic use with changes in the bacterial community of the skin. Objectives: We aimed to see the effect of oral antibiotics on the skin microbiota in rosacea patients Methods: The skin microbiota before and after 6 weeks of oral doxycycline (100 mg, twice a day) were compared. Skin areas on the cheek were sampled for 16s ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results: A total of 12 patients enrolled (11 females and 1 male, age: 20-79 years). The percentage of Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis were 13% and 28% before treatment. The percentage decreased to 7% (C. acnes) and 22% (S. epidermidis) after 6 weeks of oral doxycycline. Conclusion: Oral antibiotics had some effect on the skin microbial composition in rosacea patients which needs to be further examined.
Cho, Hong-Jun,Park, Sung-Jun,Lee, Yoon-Sik,Kim, Sehoon Elsevier 2019 Journal of controlled release Vol.300 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In theranostics, peptide-based platforms have widely been exploited owing to their unique biological functions and chemical versatilities. As a tumor-homing ligand, internalizing RGD peptide (iRGD), composed of a tumor-targeting sequence (RGD) and a cell-penetrating C-end Rule (CendR) motif, is known to facilitate the tumor-specific delivery of payloads that are covalently conjugated on its <I>N</I>-terminal fragment or co-administered without any covalent linkages. However, theranostic uses of the iRGD-based platform remain in its infancy with its full potential unexplored; for instance, detailed mechanism of iRGD fragmentation during internalization, strategies for the tumor-specific release of payloads from iRGD and the role of the <I>C</I>-terminal iRGD fragment in delivery have yet to be revealed. In this study, we designed a dual-channel fluorescent cyclic iRGD (TAMRA-iRGDC-Cy5.5) to track each of the <I>N</I>- and <I>C</I>-terminal fragments separately during the tumor internalization process. It turned out that both fragments undergo translocation into cancer cells together and are localized within endosomal-lysosomal compartments. The resulting co-internalization of both iRGD fragments allowed us to develop a new theranostic peptide platform (Cy5.5-iRGDC-Pt(IV)) by conjugating a fluorescent dye and a cisplatin prodrug on each terminus of cyclic iRGD for simultaneous cancer-targeted imaging and therapy. Compared to a control peptide having a non-iRGD sequence, the Cy5.5-iRGDC-Pt(IV) did not only provide a better tumor imaging contrast but also induced tumor-specific apoptosis leading to efficacious tumor suppression. Besides the outstanding cancer imaging and therapeutic performance, the Cy5.5-iRGDC-Pt(IV) revealed negligible systemic toxicity, holding potential to be applied for theranostic uses.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Cho, Hong-Jun,Lee, Seokyung,Park, Sung-Jun,Lee, Yong-Deok,Jeong, Keunsoo,Park, Jae Hyung,Lee, Yoon-Sik,Kim, Bokyung,Jeong, Han-Sin,Kim, Sehoon Elsevier 2019 Colloids and Surfaces B Vol.179 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Fluorogenic nanoprobes capable of providing microenvironmental information have extensively been developed to improve the diagnostic accuracy for early or metastatic cancer detection. In cancer-associated microenvironment, matrix metalloproteinase-2,9 (MMP-2,9) has drawn attention as a representative enzymatic marker for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of various cancers, which is overexpressed in the primary site as well as metastatic regions. Here, we devised dual-emissive fluorogenic nanoprobe (DFNP) emitting both MMP-2,9-sensitive and insensitive fluorescence signals, for accurate monitoring of the MMP-2,9 activity in metastatic regions. DFNP was nanoscopically constructed by amphiphilic self-assembly between a constantly fluorescent polymer surfactant labeled with Cy7 (F127-Cy7) and an initially nonfluorescent hydrophobic peptide (Cy5.5-MMP-Q) that is fluorogenic in response to MMP-2,9. Ratiometric readout (Cy5.5/Cy7) by dual-channel imaging could normalize the enzyme-responsive sensing signal relative to the constantly emissive internal reference that reflects the probe amount, allowing for semi-quantitative analysis on the MMP-2,9-related tissue microenvironment. In addition to the dual-channel emission, the nanoconstructed colloidal structure of DFNP enabled efficient accumulation to lymph node <I>in vivo</I>. Because of these two colloidal characteristics, when injected intradermally to a mouse model of lymph node metastasis, DFNP could produce reliable ratiometric signals to provide information on the MMP-2,9 activity in the lymph nodes depending on metastatic progression, which corresponded well to the temporal histologic analysis. Furthermore, ratiometric lymph node imaging with DFNP after photodynamic therapy allowed for monitoring a therapeutic response to the given cancer treatment, demonstrating diagnostic and prognostic potential of the nanoconstructed colloidal sensor of tumor microenvironment in cancer treatment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A dual-emissive fluorogenic nanoprobe was devised for <I>in vivo</I> MMP-2,9 imaging. </LI> <LI> The nanoprobe was efficiently accumulated to lymph nodes through local injection. </LI> <LI> Lymph node metastasis could be monitored by dual-channel imaging of the MMP-2,9 levels. </LI> <LI> Ratiometric readout provided quantitative information on the MMP-2,9 activity <I>in vivo</I>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Genetic variations in HMGCR and PCSK9 and kidney function: a Mendelian randomization study
( Sehoon Park ),( Seong Geun Kim ),( Soojin Lee ),( Yaerim Kim ),( Semin Cho ),( Kwangsoo Kim ),( Yong Chul Kim ),( Seung Seok Han ),( Hajeong Lee ),( Jung Pyo Lee ),( Kwon Wook Joo ),( Chun Soo Lim ) 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.4
Background: The genetically predicted lipid-lowering effect of HMGCR or PCSK9 variant can be used to assess drug proxy effects on kidney function. Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis-identified HMGCR and PCSK9 genetic variants were used to predict the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol-lowering effects of medications targeting related molecules. Primary summary-level outcome data for log-estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; creatinine) were provided by the CKDGen Consortium (n = 1,004,040 European) from a meta-analysis of CKDGen and UK Biobank data. We also conducted a separate investigation of summary-level data from CKDGen (n = 567,460, log-eGFR [creatinine]) and UK Biobank (n = 436,581, log-eGFR [cystatin C]) samples. Summary-level MRs using an inverse variance weighted method and pleiotropy-robust methods were performed. Results: Summary-level MR analysis indicated that the LDL-lowering effect predicted genetically by HMGCR variants (50-mg/dL decrease) was significantly associated with a decrease in eGFR (-1.67%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.20% to - 1.13%). Similar significance was found in results from the pleiotropy-robust MR methods when the CKDGen and UK Biobank data were analyzed separately. However, the LDL-lowering effect predicted genetically by PCSK9 variants was significantly associated with an increase in eGFR (+1.17%; 95% CI, 0.10%-2.25%). The results were similarly supported by the weighted median method and in each CKDGen and UK Biobank dataset, but the significance obtained by MR-Egger regression was attenuated. Conclusion: Genetically predicted HMG-CoA reductase inhibition was associated with low eGFR, while genetically predicted PCSK9 inhibition was associated with high eGFR. Clinicians should consider that the direct effect of different types of lipid-lowering medication on kidney function can vary.
Glomerular crescents are associated with worse graft outcome in allograft IgA nephropathy
Park, Sehoon,Baek, Chung Hee,Cho, Hyunjeong,Yu, Mi‐,yeon,Kim, Yong Chul,Go, Heounjeong,Kim, Young Hoon,Lee, Jung Pyo,Min, Sang Il,Ha, Jongwon,Moon, Kyung Chul,Kim, Yon Su,Ahn, Curie,Park, Su Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2019 American journal of transplantation Vol.19 No.1