Long-Term Outcomes and Dynamics of Mutants Associated with Lamivudine- Adefovir Rescue Therapy in Patients with Lamivudine-Resistant Chronic Hepatitis B

( Jih Yun Kim ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Kang Hyug Choi ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Boo Sung Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.1

Background/Aims: To investigate the association between the baseline profiles and dynamics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase gene mutations and the long-term virological response of lamivudine (LAM)-adefovir (ADV) combination therapy in patients with LAM-resistant chronic hepatitis B. Methods: Seventy-five patients who received LAM-ADV combination therapy for more than 12 months were analyzed. Restriction fragment mass polymorphism assays were used to detect and monitor the dynamics of LAM- and ADVresistant mutations. Results: The median duration of LAMADV combination therapy was 26 months (range, 12 to 58 months). The baseline mutation profiles, rtM204I (p=0.992), rtM204I/V (p=0.177), and rtL180M (p=0.051), were not correlated with the cumulative virological response, and the baseline HBV DNA level (p=0.032) was the only independent predictive factor for cumulative virological response. Tests for LAM- and ADV-resistant mutations were performed in 12 suboptimal responders in weeks 48 and 96. The population of rtM204 mutants persisted or increased in 8 of 12 patients, and rtA181T mutants newly emerged as a minor population in four patients until 96 weeks. Nevertheless, the viral loads progressively decreased during rescue therapy, and these dynamics did not correlate with virological response. Conclusions: The baseline profile and dynamics of LAM-resistant mutations during LAM-ADV combination therapy are not associated with a virological response. (Gut Liver 2015;9:103- 108)

Production of Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid by Megasphaera Elsdenii YJ-4: Physiological Roles in the Rumen

Kim, T.W.,Choi, N.J.,Hwangbo, J.,Hsu, Jih-Tay,Lee, Sang S.,Song, M.K.,Seo, I.J.,Kim, Y.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.10

Megaspahera elsdenii YJ-4, which was previously isolated as a producer of trans-10, cis-12 CLA, was studied for its carbon source on the CLA production. M. elsdenii YJ-4, was incubated with glucose and lactose, and cultured in batch and continuous culture systems with linoleic acid at various pHs to investigate CLA production. Batch cultures of the ruminal bacterium, M. elsdenii YJ-4, were resistant to stearic acid and linoleic acid, and little growth inhibition was observed even when the fatty acid concentration in the culture was as much as 4 mg $ml^{-1}$. Stationary phase batch cultures (0.25 mg bacterial protein $ml^{-1}$) that had been grown on lactate and incubated with linoleic acid (0.20 mg $ml^{-1}$) produced approximately 12 ${\mu}g$ trans-10, cis-12 CLA mg $protein^{-1}$ and little cis-9, trans-11 CLA was detected. Some linoleic acid was converted to hydrogenated products (chiefly stearic acid), but these fatty acids were less than 5 ${\mu}g$ mg bacterial $protein^{-1}$. Stationary phase batch cultures that had been grown on glucose produced at least 3-fold less trans-10, cis-12 CLA than ones grown on lactate. Cells from lactate-limited continuous cultures produced less trans-10, cis-12 CLA than those from batch culture, but only if the pH was greater than 6.4. When the pH of the lactate-limited continuous cultures was lower than 6.4, trans-10, cis-12 CLA and hydrogenated products declined. Cells from glucose-limited continuous cultures produced less trans-10, cis-12 CLA and hydrogenated products than the cells that had been limited by lactate, but pH had little impact on this production. These results support the idea that M. elsdenii YJ-4 could be one of the major producers of trans-10, cis-12 CLA which causes cows to produce milk with a low fat content.

Influence of the gas mixture ratio on the electrical and ferroelectric properties of PLZT thin films

Sang-Jih Kim,손영국,Dong-Hyun Hwang,In-Seok Lee,Jung-Hoon Ahn 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2010 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.11 No.4

A (Pb0.92La0.08)(Zr0.65Ti0.35)O3 (PLZT) ferroelectric thin film was deposited on deposited on TiO2 buffered layer on top of a Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate by RF magnetron sputtering method. The effect of the Ar/O2 partial pressure ratio on the ferroelectric properties of PLZT thin films was investigated at various Ar/O2 partial pressure ratios such as 27/1.5, 23/5.5, 21/7.5 and 19/9.5 sccm. The crystallinities of PLZT thin films were analyzed by XRD. The surface morphology was characterized by FESEM. The P-E hysteresis loops, the remnant polarization characteristics and the leakage current characteristics were obtained using a precision LC. With an increase of the oxygen partial pressure ratio, the crystallinity was decreased. Also the preferred orientation of PLZT thin films was changed from the (110) plane to the (111) plane. Results indicated that the change of the oxygen partial pressure ratio significantly affects the thin film surface morphology and the ferroelectric properties.

The Ferroelectric Properties of (Pb<SUB>1.1</SUB>La<SUB>0.08</SUB>)(Zr<SUB>0.65</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.35</SUB>)O₃ (PLZT) Thin Films Deposited as Ar/O₂ Partial Pressure Ratio by RF-Magnetron Sputtering Method

Sang-Jih Kim,Ji-Eon Yoon,In-Seok Lee,Young-Guk Son 한국표면공학회 2008 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2008 No.-

Poster Session:PS 0247 ; Gastroenterology : Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy in a Patient with Crohn` Disease: A Case Report

( Jih Ye Kim ),( Jae Yong Park ),( Seung Wook Hong ),( Joo Young Lee ),( Jin Woo Kang ),( Jaeyoung Chun ),( Jong Pil Im ),( Joo Sung Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1

Metronidazole is a widely used antibiotic for the treatment of anaerobic-related infections. The use of metronidazole may cause various manifestations of neurotoxicity including peripheral neuropathy, ataxia, seizure, and encephalopathy. Metronidazole- induced encephalopathy (MIEP) is a rare but potentially reversible disease. In most cases, MIEP occurred after long-term use of metronidazole at high cumulative dose. However, the exact mechanism of MIEP remains unclear and the difference in the neurotoxic effects between oral and intravenous (IV) routes of metronidazole administration has not been determined yet. We report the case of a Crohn`s disease (CD) patient who experienced encephalopathy immediately after IV administration of a single-dose of metronidazole followed long-term exposure to orally administered metronidazole. The 64-year-old man who had undergone right hemicolectomy and small bowel segmental resection for intractable CD presented with sudden onset of altered mental status, aphasia and muscle weakness after IV administration of metronidazole. He had taken metronidazole 250mg orally 3 times a day since 13 years ago. After 8 years of treatment, he stopped taking metronidazole orally because of peripheral neuropathy as a side effect of the drug although he received IV metronidazole on an intermittent schedule for the treatment of acute exacerbations of CD. Six months ago, he restarted oral metronidazole for the treatment of active CD and the cumulative dose of metronidazole was 111.75g. The brain MRI scan showed high intensity signals in bilateral medial thalamus, midbrain and tegmentum of pons on T2-weighted images. After 7 days of thiamine replacement therapy with discontinuation of metronidazole, he showed an improvement in the level of consciousness and the abnormal fi ndings of the brain MRI scans resolved partially. However, the typical clinical signs of frontal lobe dysfunctions including executive dysfunction and abulia remained 2 months after the onset of encephalopathy.

RF Magnetron Sputtering법으로 제작된 (Pb<SUB>0.92</SUB>La<SUB>0.08</SUB>)(Zr<SUB>0.65</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.35</SUB>)O₃ 박막의 Ar/O₂ 분압비에 따른 강유전 특성연구

김상지(Sang-Jih Kim),윤지언(Ji-Eon Yoon),황동현(Dong-Hyun Hwang),이인석(In-Seok Lee),안정훈(Jung-Hoon Ahn),손영국(Young-Guk Son) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 2009 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.18 No.2

rf magnetron sputtering 법을 이용하여 Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si 기판 위에 buffer layer인 TiO₂ 층을 증착한 후 PLZT 강유전체 박막을 증착하였다. PLZT 박막 증착 시 가스 분압비가 박막의 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 Ar/O₂ 분압비를 각각 27/1.5 sccm, 23/5.5 sccm, 21/7.5 sccm, 19/9.5 sccm로 변화시키면서 박막을 증착하였다. 이들 박막의 구조적인 특성을 분석하기 위해 X-선 회절법을 사용하였으며 FE-SEM을 이용하여 입자상을 관찰하였다. 또한 박막의 유전특성을 분석하기 위해 Precision LC를 이용하여 이력곡선, 잔류분극, 누설전류를 측정하였다. 산소 분압이 높아질수록 박막의 결정성 및 치밀성이 저하되었으며, (110) 방향에서 (111) 방향으로 우선배향성이 변화하는 것을 확인하였다. 산소 분압비의 변화는 박막 표면 및 강유전 특성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. PLZT ferroelectric thin films were deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrate with TiO₂ buffer layer in between by rf magnetron sputtering method. In order to investigate the effect of Ar/O₂ partial pressure ratio on the ferroelectric properties of PLZT thin films, PLZT thin films were deposited at various Ar/O₂ partial pressure ratio ; 27/1.5 sccm, 23/5.5 sccm, 21/7.5 sccm and 19/9.5 sccm. The crystallinities of PLZT thin films were analyzed by XRD. The surface morphology was observed using FE-SEM. The P-E hysteresis loops, the remanent polarization characteristics and the leakage current characteristics were obtained using a Precision LC. The crystallinity and elaborateness of PLZT thin films were decreased as increasing the oxygen partial pressure ratio. And preferred orientation of PLZT thin films changed from (110) plane to (111) plane. The oxygen partial pressure ratio affects the thin film surface morphology and the ferroelectric properties.

Comparison of the remineralization effect of newly-developed fluoride agents according to the depth of early carious lesions

( Mi-ri Kim ),( Nan-young Lee ),( Myeong-kwan Jih ),( Ji-woong Kim ),( Won-seok Choi ),( Sang-ho Lee ) 조선대학교 치의학연구원(구 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소) 2020 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.44 No.3

This study aimed to compare the re-mineralization effects of the new fluorine formulations of the 5% sodium fluoride adhesive film (NaF AF) and 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) with conventional 5% sodium fluoride varnish (NaF V), and whether the re-mineralization effect of each fluoride formulation is affected by the depth of the initial enamel caries. The re-mineralization effect of the SDF group was significantly greater than those of the NaF V and NaF AF groups (p<0.05). The NaF V and NaF AF groups showed a significantly greater re-mineralization effect than did the control group (artificial saliva) (p<0.05), and there was no difference between those two groups. Also, in the NaF V and NaF AF groups, there was no significant difference in the degree of re-mineralization depending on the depth of the initial enamel caries, but in the SDF group, a significantly greater amount of re-mineralization was observed in deep lesions than in shallow lesions (p<0.05). SDF is expected to expand the range of fluoride for the prevention and treatment of dental caries that were limited to initially shallow caries.

Green pigmentation on both deciduous and permanent dentition of a biliary atresia patient: A case report

( Mi-ri Kim ),( Sang-ho Lee ),( Nan-young Lee ),( Myeong-kwan Jih ),( Young-mi Yoon ),( Yu-jin Lim ) 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2017 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.41 No.2

Biliary atresia is a rare disease, and it is defined as partial or total absence of the biliary tract. If not treated, this disease may cause death within 5 years. Treatment methods for biliary atresia include conservative methods and surgical methods, such as a Kasai operation or/ and liver transplantation. Oral symptoms associated with biliary atresia are green pigmented teeth, enamel hypoplasia, rampant caries, enlargement of the pulp chamber and root canals, and delayed eruption of teeth. Among these symptoms, green pigmentation of teeth is the most significant and unesthetic complication affecting a child`s social psychology. The majority of case reports about green pigmented teeth caused by biliary atresia showed that it affected the deciduous dentition rather than the permanent dentition. This case report describes the dental management of a patient with biliary atresia, who had undergone liver transplantation at age two years, and presented with green pigmentation in both deciduous and permanent dentition.

Forced eruption with customized resin tube appliance

( So-young Kim ),( Sang-ho Lee ),( Nan-young Lee ),( Myeong-kwan Jih ) 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2018 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.42 No.1

There are various forms of dental trauma that occur in childhood. In the subgingivally crown-root fracture case, forced eruption has been depicted as one of the most conservative treatments. Generally, the forced eruption is done by using wires, power chains, elastic threads, or using removable appliances and elastic. However, due to the characteristics of pediatric patients, it is difficult to obtain the patient's cooperation and maintain clean oral hygiene status. As an alternative, forced eruption using MTA (Mini-Tube Appliance) can be proposed. This case report describes two cases of subgingivally crown-root fracture, which were treated with modified MTA to form a customized resin tube to perform a treatment more aesthetic, rapid, and stable.

Plenary Session 1 : PS-1-5 ; Is HBsAg seroclearance following nucleoside analogue therapy durable in patients with chronic hepatitis B?

( Gi Ae Kim ),( Young Suk Lim ),( Ju Hyun Shim ),( Kang Mo Kim ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Yung Sang Lee ),( Young Hwa Chung ),( Dan Bi Lee ),( Jih Yun An ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Background: Spontaneous or interferon-induced HBsAg seroclearance is durable in most patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, little is known about the durability of HBsAg seroclearance following nucleoside analogue (NUC) therapy. Methods: Among 4,578 patients who were treated with either lamivudine (n=1,924) or entecavir (n=2,654) at a tertiary referral hospital in Korea between 2000 and 2010, 121 achieved HBsAg seroclearance. Fifty-eight patients were included in this study after exclusion of 63 patients; acute hepatitis B (n=19), hepatocellular carcinoma (n=8), prior treatment with interferon (n=6), prior immunosuppressive therapy (n=17), liver transplantation (n=6), follow-up loss immediately after HBsAg seroclearance (n=5), and continued NUC therapy (n=2). Results: Mean age of 58 patients were 42 (SD 11) years and 41 (71%) were males. All were assumed to have HBV genotype C. At the initiation of NUC therapy, median levels of ALT and HBV DNA were 153 IU/L (interquartile range [IQR], 48-340 IU/L) and 7.0 log10 copies/mL (IQR, 3.8-8.0 log10 copies/mL), respectively. Twenty-seven (47%) had HBeAg. The median duration of NUC therapy (56 with lamivudine and 2 with entecavir) before HBsAg seroclearance was 42 months (IQR, 24-66 months). During a median follow-up period of 20 months (IQR, 12-32 months), HBsAg reversion occurred in 5 of 58 (8.6%) patients. Three of those 5 patients achieved re-clearance of HBsAg without treatment during further follow-up. The other 2 patients remained HBsAg-positive, but with low titer (<1.0 IU/mL) and undetectable HBV DNA by PCR. Virologic recurrence (detectable HBV DNA by PCR) occurred in 12 of 58 (20.7%) patients. However, all of these patients maintained HBV DNA <10,000 copies/mL. No patient experienced biochemical relapse (ALT flare > x5 ULN). Conclusion: HBsAg seroclearance following NUC therapy is rare but durable in most patients with CHB after treatment discontinuation. Therefore, HBsAg seroclearance would be an ideal treatment endpoint during NUC therapy.