실용음악 전공 학생들의 발성치료 전후 성대 및 음성 특성 비교

황연신,심미란,김철준,최용석,김상연,최찬호,선동일,Hwang, Yeon Shin,Shim, Mi Ran,Kim, Chul Jun,Choi, Yong Suk,Kim, Sang Yeon,Choi, Chan Ho,Sun, Dong Il 대한후두음성언어의학회 2016 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives : Many students major in applied music singing have various difficulties in phonation when they sing or perform. But the studies about this cause are lack. The purpose of this study is whether singing voice therapy based on vocal music is effective or not to applied music singing students that have difficulties in phonation. Materials and Methods : Singing voice therapy program had been done to 8 students major in applied music singing during 7 weeks. We did laryngeal stroboscope, perceptual, acoustic and aerodynamic examination before and after singing voice therapy to this students. And we studied post examination results have differences or improvements compared to pre examination results. Results : Four male students don't have effective improvement after singing voice therapy but they shows slight improvement in aerodynamic examination values compared to pre examination values. Four female students shows improvement in aerodynamic examination values and pitch range increasing. Above all, one student's vocal nodules disappeared after singing voice therapy. Conclusion : Singing voice therapy based on music singing is very effective to the students major in applied music singing. Above all, their curriculum in applied music singing should include phonation training based on music singing before training perform and technic practices.

An Alternative Dendritic Cell-Induced Murine Model of Asthma Exhibiting a Robust Th2/Th17-Skewed Response

Sang Chul Park,Hongmin Kim,Yeeun Bak,Dahee Shim,권기웅,Chang-Hoon Kim,윤주헌,신성재 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.3

Purpose: Simple and reliable animal models of human diseases contribute to the understanding of disease pathogenesis as well as the development of therapeutic interventions. Although several murine models to mimic human asthma have been established, most of them require anesthesia, resulting in variability among test individuals, and do not mimic asthmatic responses accompanied by T-helper (Th) 17 and neutrophils. As dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play an important role in initiating and maintaining asthmatic inflammation, we developed an asthma model via adoptive transfer of allergen-loaded DCs. Methods: Ovalbumin (OVA)-loaded bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) (OVA-BMDCs) were injected intravenously 3 times into non-anesthetized C57BL/6 mice after intraperitoneal OVA-sensitization. Results: OVA-BMDC-transferred mice developed severe asthmatic immune responses when compared with mice receiving conventional OVA challenge intranasally. Notably, remarkable increases in systemic immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IgG1 responses, Th2/Th17-associated cytokines (interleukin [IL]-5, IL-13 and IL-17), Th2/Th17-skewed T-cell responses, and cellular components, including eosinophils, neutrophils, and goblet cells, were observed in the lungs of OVA-BMDC-transferred mice. Moreover, the asthmatic immune responses and severity of inflammation were correlated with the number of OVA-BMDCs transferred, indicating that the disease severity and asthma type may be adjusted according to the experimental purpose by this method. Furthermore, this model exhibited less variation among the test individuals than the conventional model. In addition, this DCs-based asthma model was partially resistant to steroid treatment. Conclusions: A reliable murine model of asthma by intravenous (i.v.) transfer of OVA-BMDCs was successfully established without anesthesia. This model more accurately reflects heterogeneous human asthma, exhibiting a robust Th2/Th17-skewed response and eosinophilic/neutrophilic infiltration with good reproducibility and low variation among individuals. This model will be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of asthma and would serve as an alternative tool for immunological studies on the function of DCs, T-cell responses and new drugs.

Photocyclodimerization of Maleimide

Shim, Sang-Chul,Bong, Pill-Hoon Korean Chemical Society 1982 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.3 No.3

The photoreaction of maleimide, one of the best model compounds of DNA molecules for psoralen-DNA photoreactions, is studied in order to investigate the photoreactivity and the mechanism of the maleimide-psoralen photoreaction. The (2+2) photocyclodimer of maleimide was obtained in solution state by direct or sensitized irradiation. The rate constant of dimerization is determined by quenching studies and found to be of the order of $10^9 M^{-1}sec^{-1}$. The direct dimerization of maleimide is found to undergo through the triplet excited state. The quantum yields of dimerization are dependent on the maleimide concentration.

Photochemistry and Thermochemistry of Picolyl Chlorides

Shim, Sang-Chul,Kim, Sung-Sik Korean Chemical Society 1982 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.3 No.3

Thermochemistry and photochemistry of picolyl chlorides were studied. The thermal reaction of 2-picolyl chloride in benzene afforded intermolecular condensation product. In the case of 3-picolyl chloride, this type of the reaction did not occur, but polymers were obtained. A cyclic hexamer, suggested by a molecular model, was not formed because of the steric strain and low reactivity. The thermal reaction of 4-picolyl chloride gave a cyclic hexamer as well as a polymer. The cyclic hexamer, identified by NMR spectrum, showed ${\lambda}_{max}$ at 460 nm. The cyclic hexamer was cloven to the linear structure. Photolysis of 2-picolyl chloride at 253.7 nm gave a para-isomer followed by polymerization. When a methyl hydrogen of 2-methylpyridine is substituted by $CH_3O$, iso-PrO, and EtO group, the photoisomerization to the corresponding anilines or para-substituted pyridines did not occur within the range of the time used for 2-picolyl chloride. Thermolysis of picolyl chlorides in an acidic methanol solution did not afford any product.

Studies on the Linear Free Energy Relationship in Methyl Cinnamates by $^1$H-NMR Spectrometry

Shim, Sang-Chul,Park, Joon-Won Korean Chemical Society 1981 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.2 No.1

Chemical shift values of ${\alpha}$-proton of trans- and cis-methyl cinnamates are well correlated with ${\sigma}({\sigma}_1,\; {{\sigma}_R}^{\alpha})$, and (F, R) (r=0.999-0.879). It is observed that (1) the degree of variation of ${\delta}H_{\alpha}$ value by varying the substituents in trans-cinnamates is similar to that of cis-cinnamates $({\rho}_{trans}=0.296,\;{\rho}_{cis}=0.2840, (2) resonance contribution is larger in the trans-cinnamates than that in the cis-cinnamates, but inductive contribution is reversed, (3) for m-substitued derivatives, resonance contribution is very small compared to that for p-substituted derivatives.

The Facile Synthesis of Pentane-1, 5-diamines from Glutaraldehyde and Secondary Amines with Tetracarbonylhydridoferrate

Shim Sang Chul,Watanabe Yoshihisa Korean Chemical Society 1982 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.3 No.2

Ethanolic tetracarbonylhydridoferrate solution combined with glutaraldehyde is a very effective reducing agent for the selective transformation of two moles of secondary amines into pentane-1,5-diamine derivatives. A variety of aliphatic secondary amines react with ferrate-glutaraldehyde at room temperature under carbon monoxide to give the corresponding N-substituted pentane-1,5-diamines in reasonable yields.

Performance Testing of Integrated Strapdwon INS and GPS

Sang-Jong Lee,Chang-Sun Yoo,Yo-Han Shim,Jong-Chul Kim 한국항공우주학회 2001 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.2 No.1

Quantitative detection of telomerase activity by real-time TRAP assay in the body fluids of cancer patients.

Shim, Woo Young,Park, Kyu Hyun,Jeung, Hei-Chul,Kim, Yong Tae,Kim, Tae Soo,Hyung, Woo Jin,An, Sung Hwan,Yang, Sang Hwa,Noh, Sung Hoon,Chung, Hyun Cheol,Rha, Sun Young D.A. Spandidos 2005 International journal of molecular medicine Vol.16 No.5

<P>Real-time TRAP assay was developed to improve the sensitivity and quantitative detection of telomerase activity in the body fluids of cancer patients. The sensitivity and clinical significance of the real-time TRAP assay was investigated. Real-time PCR protocol was modified by using ACX primer and SYBR green mixture from the process of TS primer extension. Real-time TRAP showed high correlation (r2=0.843, p=0.001) and sensitivity (25 times higher) compared to conventional TRAP. Of 164 samples, there were 8 positives in cytology (4.9%), 7 (4.3%) using the conventional TRAP, and 41 (25%) using real-time TRAP. In cytology positive samples, real-time TRAP showed a higher positivity than conventional TRAP (75% vs 63%) suggesting a higher sensitivity in the body fluids. There was a tendency towards a longer progression-free duration in telomerase negative patients than in positive patients, as determined by conventional and real-time TRAP. The diagnostic interval between the first positivity documentation and clinical progression was short in the order of real-time TRAP, conventional TRAP and cytology. In conclusion, real-time TRAP assay can detect telomerase activity at an earlier phase of cancer progression and can replace conventional TRAP assay for detecting the telomerase activity in body fluids.</P>

Study on Path Planning Algorithms for Unmanned Agricultural Helicopters in Complex Environment

Sang-Woo Moon,David Hyun-Chul Shim 한국항공우주학회 2009 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.10 No.2

In this paper, two algorithms to solve the path planning problem with constraints from obstacles are presented. One proposed Algorithm is “Grid point-based path planning”. The first step of this algorithm is to set points which can be the waypoints around the field. These points can be located inside or outside of the field or the obstacles. Therefore, we should determine whether those points are located in the field or not. Using the equations of boundary lines for a region that we are interested in is an effective approach to handle. The other algorithm is based on the boundary lines of the agricultural field, and the concept of this algorithm is well known as “boustrophedon method”. These proposed algorithms are simple but powerful for complex cases since it can generate a plausible path for the complex shape which cannot be represented by using geometrical approaches efficiently and for the case that some obstacles or forbidden regions are located on the field by using a skill of discriminants about set points. As will be presented, this proposed algorithm could exhibit a reasonable accuracy to perform an agricultural mission.

The Linear Free Energy Relationship in Cinnamonitrile Derivatives

Shim, Sang-Chul,Yoon, Suk-Kyoon Korean Chemical Society 1981 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.2 No.4

Chemical shift differences of vinyl protons of cis- and trans-cinnamonitrile derivatives are very well correlated with $({\sigma}_I, {\sigma_R^0})$, ${\sigma}_P^+$, and (F, R) (r = 0.9996-0.8946), much better correlation than the case of methyl cinnamates. para-Substituted and trans-cinnamonitrile derivatives have larger resonance contribution than meta-substituted and cis-derivatives.