이상설 : 한국 근대수학교육의 아버지

설한국,이상구,Seol, Han-Guk,Lee, Sang-Gu 한국수학사학회 2009 Journal for history of mathematics Vol.22 No.3

본 논문은 한국수학사에서 연구와 정리가 취약한 시기인 근대수학의 도입기를 조사하면서, 그 근대수학의 도입기에서 만나게 되는 인물인 이상설(李相卨)에 대한 조명을 시도한다. 시대적 상황이 모든 분야의 침체기를 가져온 구한말 이상설은 근대수학에서 당대를 대표하는 높은 학식을 쌓고 뛰어난 재능을 보여주었다. 그간 이상설에 대해 '근대수학교육의 아버지'라는 평가가 없지 않았음에도 불구하고 낯설게 느껴진다면, 그것은 그가 독립운동가로만 강하게 각인된 탓일 것이다. 하지만 그는 19세기말 조선 근대수학의 첫 번째 교과서 편저자이자 수학교사이기도 했음을 새겨둘 필요가 있다. 대유학자이면서도 선구적으로 외국어와 서양과학 특히 근대 서양수학을 이해한 면모는 한국이 배출한 천재 중 하나라는 평가가 결코 과장이 아님을 보여준다. 이에 본 논문에서는 한국 근대수학교육에 커다란 기여를 한 인물인 이상설의 교육과 학문 및 실천업적을 조명한다. 보재 이상설이 1886년경에 쓴 책 <수리>와 최초로 수학과 과학을 관립교육기관의 교육과정에 편성한 과정, 최초의 근대수학교과서로 여겨지는 <산술신서>의 발간, 민족교육기관인 '서전서숙'의 설립 및 운영을 포함한 보재의 업적을 한국수학사 관점에서 조명한다. 또한 <산술신서>의 목차와 구체적인 내용 및 1901년에 출간된 <신정산술>의 내용을 소개하고, 지금까지 부정확하게 알려진 <수리>와 <산술신서>에 관한 몇 가지 역사적 사실을 발굴하여 재조명한다. Most who have heard of Sang-Seol Lee know him for his contribution to the Korean independence movement nearly a hundred years ago. This paper, however, will discuss Lee's other great contribution to his country; that of being "The father of modern mathematical education in Korea". Lee passed the rigorous government officer examination with the highest honor and became a teacher for the royal prince. Later he became the president of Sunkyunkwan, a national institute of higher learning since 1398, and eventually a well-known university bearing the same name. Lee was also a highly regarded Confucian scholar and well versed in foreign languages. He wanted Korea to become a modern country and felt that the areas of science and engineering were studies that needed improving in order to achieve modernization. While researching Western textbooks on the subjects he realized that Western mathematics would be especially important for Korea. With that, it became his mission to integrate Western mathematics into the Korean educational system. This paper will explain the importance of Sang-Seol Lee's contributions to mathematic education in Korea and how it helped Korea become the modern nation it is today.

흰쥐 성장기간에 따른 Xylene의 독성에 관한 연구

이혜자,이상희,전태원,이상일,윤종국 대한의생명과학회 2000 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.6 No.3

실험동물에 있어서 연령 차이에 따라서 xylene 독성이 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 검토하는 일환으로 5주령 및 12주령 흰쥐에 50% m-xylene을 체중 100 g 당 0.25 ml씩 1회 투여한 다음 24시간 후에 처치하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Xylene 투여로 인한 요 중 methylhippuric acid 함량은 5주령군이 12주령군에 비해 현저하게 높게 나타났다. 그리고 간조직 중 cytochroms P-450 함량은 대조군에 있어서 5주령군이 12주령군 보다 약 50% 정도 낮게 나타났으나 xylene 투여로 인한 cytochrome P-450 함량 증가율은 12주령군 보다 5주령군에서 높게 나타났다. 간 alcohol dehydrogenase 활성치도 대조군에 있어서는 5주령군이 12주령 보다 약 35% 정도 낮게 나타났으나 xylene 투여로 인한 본 효소의 활성 증가율은 5주령군에서 오히려 높게 나타났다. 그러나 간 aldehyde dehydrogenase 활성치는 대조군 및 xylene 투여군 모두 5주령과 12주령간에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 한편 xylene 투여시 체중 당 간무게, 간조직 malondialdehyde 함량 및 혈청 ALT 활성 변동을 통하여 간손상 정도를 상호 비교 관찰하였을 때, 12주령군이 5주령 실험동물 보다 간손상이 다소 심하게 나타남을 알 수가 있었다. 이상 실험결과는 연령에 따라 xylene에 의한 간손상의 차이는 이물질의 생체내 대사율이 달리 나타나기 때문일 것으로 생각된다. To evaluate an effect of aging on the xylene toxicity, 50% m-xylene in olive oil (0.25 ml/100 g body wt.) was administered to 5 week and 12 week-old rats one times intraperitoneally and sacrificed at 24 hrs afterwards. The increasing rate of urinary H-methylhippuric acid concentration was higher in 12 week-old rats than 5 week-old rats by the treatment of m-xylene. On the liver function findings, i.e., liver weight/body weight (%), serum levels of ALT activity and hepatic malondialdehyde content, 12 week-old rats showed more severe liver injury than 5 weeks those in xylene-treated rats. And the hepatic cytochrome P-450 contents was higher in 12 weeks rats than those of in 5 week-old rats, but the increasing rate of that was lower in 12 week-old rats. Hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity was also higher in 12 week-old rats than in 5 week-old rats whereas the increasing rate of that was higher in 5 week-old than those in 12 week-old rats by the xylene treatment. Furthermore, the hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase activities were no differences between the 5 and 12 week-old rats both in the control and xylene-treated group, In conclusion, age may influences upon the hepatotoxicity with xylene and it may be responsible for xylene metabolism in rats.

Performance of electrochemical double layer capacitors using highly porous activated carbons prepared from beer lees

Sang Guk Lee,Hee Moon,Kwang Hyun Park,심왕근,M.S. balathanigaimani 한국공업화학회 2011 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.17 No.3

Beer lees precursor is chosen to prepare activated carbons having different physical and chemical properties. The beer lees-based activated carbons (BL-ACs) are characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, adsorption energy distributions (AEDs), and X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore the electrochemical properties of the BL-ACs are assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and constant current charge/discharge method. The maximum specific capacitance (about 188 F/g at discharge current of l mA/cm2) is obtained in 0.1 M H2SO4 electrolyte solution, which is a relatively low electrolyte concentration. The overall results suggest that the BL-ACs are good candidates for EDLC electrode materials.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

종 분포 모형을 이용한 구상나무림의 지속 및 쇠퇴에 관한 연구 - 전라남도 광양시 백운산을 중심으로 -

조선희 ( Seon Hee Cho ),박종영 ( Jong Young Park ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ),이양근 ( Yang Geun Lee ),문이만 ( Lee Man Mun ),강상호 ( Sang Ho Kang ),김광현 ( Gwang Hyun Kim ),윤종국 ( Jong Guk Yun ) 한국산림과학회 2015 한국산림과학회지 Vol.104 No.3

The present study investigated the habitats of Korean fir trees (Abies koreana E. H. Wilson) on Mt. Baekwun (Baekwun-san), determined the current distribution, quantified the contribution of biological and nonbiological environmental factors affecting the distribution, derived actual and potential habitats, presented a plan for the establishment of protected areas, applied RCP 8.5 climate change scenario to analyze the effects of climate change on the future distribution of Korean fir trees, and predicted future potential habitats. According to the results of the study, 3,325 Korean fir trees (DBH >= 2.5 cm) inhabited Mt. Baekwun, and their distribution area was approximately 150 ha. Populations of Korean fir trees were confirmed to exist at an altitude of 900 m above sea level and were distributed up to 1,200 m. Based on potential distribution, areas appropriate for habitation by Korean fir trees were analyzed to be 450 ha, three times the current distribution area, with a focus on Sang Peak (Sang-bong), Eokbul Peak (Eokbul-bong), Ddari Peak (Ddari-bong), and Dosol Peak (Dosol-bong). The forest stands near Sang Peak, the main peak, were evaluated as those with the most appropriate potential for the habitation of Korean fir trees, and populations of the trees tended to prefer the northern slope rather than the southern slope. When climate change scenario RCP 8.5 was applied and future potential distribution was analyzed, the habitats were expected to decrease in area to 20 ha by 2050, with a focus on Sang Peak, and areas appropriate for habitation were predicted not to exist by 2080. Judging from such results, as global warming accelerates, the habitats of Korean fir trees are clearly expected to move from lowlands to highlands.

하악 이부에 발생한 방선균증의 치험례

李暲東,孫東錫,金成國 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1996 연구논문집 Vol.52 No.2

Actinomycosis is a chronic infection of inhibitant oral bacteria, especially Actinomyces israelii. A. israelii are Gram positive, non acid-fast, anaerobic, filamentous organisms. The most frefguent form of actinomycosis is the cervicofacial type. Its involved skin is purplished red and indurated, tending to form multiple draining sinus tract. The characteristic “sulfur granule”appear in the abscess center. The infection of the soft tissue may extend to involve the mandible or less commomly, the maxilla. The treatment is antibiotic therapy and adequete drainage. We experienced actinomycosis occured in chin area and treated this disease with antibiotics &surgical drainage. The patient showed good prognosis.

랫드에 있어서 Bromobenzene의 격일 투여 시, 매일 투여한 경우와 간손상 정도의 비교

이상희,윤종국,조현국 대한의생명과학회 2000 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.6 No.2

Bromobenzene의 투여 간격에 따라 간손상이 어떠한 차이를 나타내는지를 검토하기 위하여 흰쥐에 체중 1kg 당 400mg의 bromobenzene을 복강으로 2일 및 1일 간격으로 각각 3회 투여한 다음 간손상을 병리조직학적, 간기능적 측면에서 검토한 결과 2일 간격으로 투여한 실험군에서 간손상이 경미하게 나타났다. 그리고 간조직 중 cytochrome P450 함량은 2일 간격으로 투여한 실험군에서는 대조군 보다 증가되는 경향을 보였으나 1일 간격으로 투여한 경우에는 대조군 보다 오히려 유의한 (p<0.01) 감소를 보였다. 간조직 중 대조군에 대한 glutathione 감소율과 glutathione S-transferase 활성 증가율은 2일 간격으로 bromobenzene을 투여한 군이 1일 간격으로 투여한 실험군 보다 높게 나타났다. 이상 실험 결과는 동일한 양과 회수로서 bromobenzene을 격일로 투여한 실험동물에 있어서 매일 투여한 경우 보다 간손상이 경미하였으며, 이는 bromobenzene의 대사율이 증가됨으로서 나타난 결과로 생각된다. To evaluate the effect of intervals of bromobenzene treatment on the liver damage, the bromobenzene(400 mg/kg, i.p.) was given to rats at either one day or two days interval at three times. All the experimental animals were sacrificed at 24 hours after the last injection. Liver morphological changes were observed under a light microscopic examination and liver functional changes were determined by the measurement of alaine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The experimental to examine the cause of liver damage were cytochrome P450, glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione S-transferase(GST) activities. The results are summarized as follows; Based on the liver morphological and functional findings, the daily bromobenzene-treated rats (ED) showed the more severe liver damage than every other day bromobenzene-treated rats (EOD). The hepatic cytochrome p450 content was higher in EOD group than that in ED group. And the increasing rate of hepatic GST activity and decreasing rate of GSH content to the control were higher in EOD group than that in ED group. In conclusion, the treatment of bromobenzene intermittently to the rats may lead to more reduced liver injury compared with the continuously treated animals when both cases are treated with the same dose and frequency, and it may be caused by the enhancement of bromobenzene metabolism.

초음파법을 이용한 Cr-Mo강 고온배관재료의 크리프손상 평가

이상국 한국비파괴검사학회 2000 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.20 No.1

화력발전소 보일러 고온배관인 주증기관, 헤드 및 증기드럼 등의 설비들은 장시간동안 고온고압의 가혹한 조건으로 운전됨에 따라 크리프손상에 의해 열화되고 있다. 이들 설비의 크리프손상측정에 적용되는 종래의 비파괴기법인 레프리카법, 전기저항법 및 경도법 등은 복잡한 측정절차 및 접근성, 검사결과의 신뢰도 및 측정정도 등 여러가지면에서 단점이 많다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 화력발전소 주요 고온배관에서 발생되는 경년열화인 크리프손상에 대한 초음파 측정연구를 수행한 결과로서, 고온배관재료인 Cr-Mo강의 프리프 인공열화재를 대상으로 이들에 대한 크리프손상 상태별 초음파 음속(sound velocity) 및 감쇠(attenuation)의 초음파 신호특성을 평가하였다. Boiler high-temperature pipelines such as main steam pipe, header and steam drum in fossil power plants are degraded by creep damage due to severe operating conditions such as high temperature and high pressure for an extended period time, Conventional measurement techniques(replica method, electric resistance method, and hardness test method) for measuring creep damage have such disadvantages as complex preparation and measurement procedures, too many control parameters, And also these techniques have low practicality and applied only to component surfaces with good accessibility. In this paper, artificial creep degradation test and ultrasonic measurement for their creep degraded specimens(Cr-Mo alloy steels) were carried out for the purpose of evaluation for creep damage. Absolute measuring method of quantitative ultrasonic measurement for material degradation was established, and long term creep degradation tests using life prediction formula were carried out. As a result of ultrasonic tests for crept specimens, we conformed that both the sound velocity decreased and attenuation coefficient linearly increased in proportion to the increase of creep life fraction(φc).

주파수분석법에 의한 발전소 고온배관재료의 크리프손상 평가

이상국,이인철,장홍근 한국비파괴검사학회 2000 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.20 No.1

화력발전소 보일러의 주증기관, 헤더, 스팀드럼 등과 같은 주요 고온배관설비에서 발생하는 크리프 손상을 측정하는 비파괴적 측정방법에는 레프리카, 전기저항법 및 경도법 등이 적용되고 있으나, 이들 방법들은 측정절차 및 준비가 복잡할 뿐만 아니라 접근이 가능한 설비표면에만 적용되는 제한점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 이들 종래의 방법을 신뢰성 있고 정량적인 초음파 비파괴평가법으로 보완 및 적용을 위하여, 실제 고온배관의 운전조건을 모의하여 수행한 크리프 인공열화실험 및 이들 크리프손상재에 대한 초음파실험을 통한 주파수분석 연구로서, 크리프손상 상태별 초음파 신호 분류를 위해 초음파신호의 각종 주파수특성을 평가하였다. In boiler high-temperature pipelines such as main steam pipe, header and steam drum in fossil power plants, conventional measurement techniques(replica method, electric resistance method, and hardness test method) for measuring creep damage have such disadvantages as complex preparation and measurement procedures, too many control parameters. And also, these techniques have low practicality and applied only to component surfaces with good accessibility. It needs to apply a reliable and quantitative ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation method that can be replaced for these equipment. In this study, both artificial creep degradation test using life prediction formula and frequency analysis by ultrasonic tests for crept specimens were carried out for the purpose of nondestructive evaluation for creep damage. As a result of ultrasonic tests for crept specimens, we conformed that the high frequency side spectra decrease and central frequency components shift to low frequency band, and also their bandwidth decreases as increasing creep damage in backwall echos.

포공영 추출물이 흰쥐 간 Xanthine Oxidase 활성에 미치는 영향

이상일,이영순,윤종국 동아시아식생활학회 1995 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.5 No.3

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Taraxacum herba extract on the hepatic xanthine oxidase activity as a oxygen free radical generating enzyme in vitro and in vivo. It was observed that partial purified hepatic xanthine oxidase (type O) activity was strongly inhibited by the addition of Taraxacum herby n-butanol extract in vitro. The K_(m) value of xanthine oxidase without affecting the V_(max) value for xanthine was significantly increased by the addition of Taraxacum herba n-butanol extract (200㎍/㎖) in vitro. It was also observed that hepatic xanthine oxidase (type O) activity was significantly inhibited by the treatment of Taraxacum herba n-butanol extract for 5 days (over 40mg/kg, i.p.), whereas, xanthine oxidase (type D) activity was not changed by the injection of Taraxacum herba n-butanol extract. Meanwhile, liver weight /body weight(%), serum alanine aminotransferase activity and hepatic lipid peroxide content in Taraxacum herba n-butanol extract-treated rat were not changed. These findings led us to conclude that Taraxacum herba n-butanol extract may regulate the hepatic xanthine oxidase type O activity to prevent toxic effect of oxidative stress by the oxygen free radicals.