상업적 응유효소의 탈지유에 대한 단백질 분해 작용

신현수,김상범,임종우 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.6

상업적 단백질 분해 효소에 0.02% CaCl_2를 첨가하여 응유 활성화를 시킨 탈지유에 대한 분해 작용의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 다양한 효소별 가수분해 시간에 따른 가수분해도는 미생물 유래 효소와 trypsin은 pepsin과 papain W-40보다 높은 분해도를 나타냈다. 12% TCA 용액에 가용성인 NPN의 양은 trypsin이 가장 높은 분해도를 나타내었고 rennet과 pepsin이 가장 낮은 분해도를 보였다. 전기영동에 있어서 trypsin과 protease S는 α-lactalbumin을 분해하였고 papain w-40은 β-lactoglobulin을 미약하게 분해하였으며 neutrase 1.5는 90분 이후부터 α-lactalbumin과 β-lactoglobulin을 분해하였다. Rennet과 비교한 전기영동상에서는 rennet에 의해 분해 되지 않은 α_s-casein과 β-casein을 trypsin과 protease S가 다량 분해하였고 k-casein은 rennet에 비해 papain W-40이 상당 수준의 분해상을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과 가수분해도 및 NPN 양은 trypsin, neutrase 1.5 및 protease S가 다른 효소에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 전기영동상에서는 pepsin과 neutrase 1.5가 rennet과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. Proteolytic activities of some commercial milk clotting enzymes(rennet, trypsin, pepsin, papain W-40, neutrase 1.5 and protease S) in bovine skim milk containing 0.02% CaCl_2 were determined by measuring DH(Degree of Hydrolysis), NPN(Non Protein Nitrogen) and by comparing patterns of SDS-PAGE(Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis). The DH of microbial enzymes(neutrase 1.5 and protease S) and trypsin in bovine skim milk were higher than those of pepsin and papain W-40. The amounts of NPN in the milk treated with trypsin and the other animal enzymes(rennet and pepsin) showed the highest and lowest degrees of proteolysis, respectively. SDS-PAGE showed that trypsin and protease S hydrolyzed α-lactalbumin and papain W-40 hydrolyzed β-lactoglobulin slightly, while neutrase 1.5 hydrolyzed both α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin after treating for 90 min. Trypsin and protease S easily hydrolyzed α_s-casein and β-casein, which were not hydrolyzed by rennet. Papain W-40 hydrolyzed k-casein more than rennet as shown in SDS-PAGE. Based on the results of the experiments, the DH and NPN of trypsin, neutrase 1.5 and protease S were shown to be higher than those of the other enzymes. The SDS-PAGE patterns of papain W-40 and neutrase 1.5 were similar with that of rennet.

산란계 개량에 관한 연구 1 . 순계의 생산능력 비교시험

상병찬,강만석,김동곤,한성욱 ( B . C . Sang,M . S . Kang,D . K . Kim,S . W . Han ) 한국축산학회 1980 한국축산학회지 Vol.22 No.5

This experiment was carried out to test performance of the domentic purebred fowl. The purpose of this experiment was to compare the productive performance of the purebred fowl to obtained basic materials for laying performance improvement by means of cross breeding. In this study, 1, 200 chickens was used-that is 6 purebred strains White Leghorns(720 chickens), 1 purebred strain Rhode Island Reds (120 chickens), 1 purebred strain New Hampshires (120 chickens). The results obtained in this study are as follows; 1. The average Viability of brooding, rearing and laying period was best for Rhode Island Reds and E. Strain among White Leghorns. 2. The average body weight at 8 weeks, first egg production days, 500days of age in W. L. was 546.86g. 1431.37g, 1738.34g, respectively, but there was no significant difference among. purebred strains of W. L. 3. The average Sexual maturity of 50% egg production was 170.58 days in W. L., but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 189.94 days, 182.42days, respectively. There was significant difference at 1 % level among Strains. 4. The average hen-housed egg production was 214.16 eggs in W. L., but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 214.22 eggs, 196.74 eggs, respectively. There was significant difference at 1% level among Strains, but the highest hen-housed egg production (231.84 eggs) was E. Strain among strains. 5. The average egg weight was 54. 48g in W. L, but R. I. R. and .S. N. H. were 56.12g, 54.90g, respectively, The highest egg weight (57.69g) was Coronial Strain of W. L. among strains. There was significant difference at 1 % Level among strains. 6. The average feed requirement was 3.01 in W. L. but R. I. R. and S. N. H. were 3.23, 3.52, respectively the highest feed requirement (2.79) was Coronial Strain of W. L. among strains. There was significant difference at 1 % level among strains. 7. On the basis of the results of this study, the productive performance was best for C. D. E. strains among W. L. and R. I. R.

<i>S100A9</i> and <i>EGFR</i> gene signatures predict disease progression in muscle invasive bladder cancer patients after chemotherapy

Kim, W. T.,Kim, J.,Yan, C.,Jeong, P.,Choi, S. Y.,Lee, O. J.,Chae, Y. B.,Yun, S. J.,Lee, S. C.,Kim, W. J. Oxford University Press 2014 Annals of Oncology Vol.25 No.5

<P>In our previous gene expression profile analysis, IL1B, S100A8, S100A9, and EGFR were shown to be important mediators of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) progression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of these gene signatures to predict disease progression after chemotherapy in patients with locally recurrent or metastatic MIBC. Patients with locally advanced MIBC who received chemotherapy were enrolled. The expression signatures of four genes were measured and carried out further functional analysis to confirm our findings. Two of the four genes, S100A9 and EGFR, were determined to significantly influence disease progression (P = 0.023, 0.045, respectively). Based on a receiver operating characteristic curve, a cut-off value for disease progression was determined. Patients with the good-prognostic signature group had a significantly longer time to progression and cancer-specific survival time than those with the poor-prognostic signature group (P < 0.001, 0.042, respectively). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, gene signature was the only factor that significantly influenced disease progression [hazard ratio: 4.726, confidence interval: 1.623-13.763, P = 0.004]. In immunohistochemical analysis, S100A9 and EGFR positivity were associated with disease progression after chemotherapy. Protein expression of S100A9/EGFR showed modest correlation with gene expression of S100A9/EGFR (r = 0.395, P = 0.014 and r = 0.453, P = 0.004). Our functional analysis provided the evidence demonstrating that expression of S100A9 and EGFR closely associated chemoresistance, and that inhibition of S100A9 and EGFR may sensitize bladder tumor cells to the cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The S100A9/EGFR level is a novel prognostic marker to predict the chemoresponsiveness of patients with locally recurrent or metastatic MIBC.</P>

기계체조선수(器械體操選手)의 총지방량(總脂肪量)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

白元俊(W.J.Paik),金尙民(S.M.Kim),兪承熙(S.H.Yoo) 한국체육학회 1975 한국체육학회지 Vol.11 No.-

We computed the % Fat by the measured values of skinfold thickness at 4 sites; back, waist, abdomen, arm with 20 male gymnasic players(8 Kyung Hee high school, 12 Kyung ung Hee university players) and with 16 Female gymnastic player (8 Kyung He girl’s high school players, 8 Kyung Hee university players) hat all (total) 36 players were executed.Calculation Formula● high school players% Fat=1.324×Mean Skinfold thickness(mm) -0.045● Male College players% Fat=0.911×Mean Skinfold thickness(㎜)+8.1● Female high school and college players% Fat=0.58×Mean skinfold thickness(㎜)+14.311. The player’s average Skinfold thickness of 4 sites was less that of non-athletic persons.2. Both of male and Female gymnastic players showed the maximum value on the among 4 sites, while non-athltic males showed in back and Female in Arms, the maximum value.3. The Female player’s Skinfold thickness was thicker than that of male about 5.8㎜.4. The Kyung Hee high school gymnastic players skinfold thickness is as follws;back 6.9㎜waist 8.3㎜abdomen 5.9㎜arm 4.8㎜, the skinfold thickness averaged 6.3㎜and the Kyung Hee university gymnastic player’sSkinfold thickness is as follows;back 6.5㎜waist 8.9㎜abdomen 5.8㎜arm 4.7㎜, the Skinfold thickness averaged 6.4㎜5. The Kyung Hee girl’s High school player’s skinfold thickness is as follows;back 9.6㎜waist 12.1㎜abdomen 11.9㎜arm 8.3㎜, the Skinfold thickness averaged 10.1㎜ and the women’s skinfold thikness(Kyung Hee university gymnastic players) is as follows;back 10.8㎜waist 16.7㎜abdomen 11.0㎜arm 11.3㎜, the skinfold thickness averaged 12.4㎜6. The male players % Fat 11.7% (High school players 8.3%, college players 14.0%) and Female player’s % Fat was 2.8% (girl’s High school player’s 20.1%, colleye players 21.5%)7. Both of male and Female gymnastic player’s % Fat was less that of non-athletic persons and college player’s % Fat was more than that of high school players.

Role of the Meckel’s Cartilage in Embryonic Mandibular Development of Mice

J. W Choi,S. B Han,J. H Sung,H. I Shin 대한구강악안면병리학회 2005 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.29 No.5

Mecke!'s car t ilage is one of the ea rliest structu re to appear in a mandible derived from the lï rst branchi a l a rch and serves as the primorclium I"or the formation 01‘ mandible‘ mall eus. incus. and sphenomandibular li gament However. its direct role a nd the mechanism in mandibular clevelopment a re not well elucidated. 1'0 address t his Issue‘ we observed morphol ogical and histological changes and gene expression patterns in the Mecke!'s cart ilage 01" a cleveloping mouse. I"rom E13.5 to E18.5 embryos. using skeletal preparation samples a ncl routinely prepa red s lide secti ons for light mi croscopic observation in various sectional planes. The following methods were per |‘ ormecl : H&E staining I"or general hi st이 og i cal observation ‘ Von Kossafor detection of minerali zation. TRAP activ ity staining for locali zaLion 01’ osteoclastic cell s. immunohistochemistry for !Iα@-1 a ncl -9 forevaluati on of enzy matic activity 01" osteoclasLic cell s. a ncl in situ hybricli zation for detection of collagen type 1. Il. ancl X mRNA ex presslon‘ respecLively. AL E1 3.5 Mec kel's cartilage appeared as a V-shaped rod fused a t the micl line and thin minera li zed ma ndibular buccal plaLe was I"ormed lateral to. and at some clistance from. Meckel’s carti lage in an intramembranous ossi lïcation mocle. WiLh the progression of tooth development. t he Meckel’s in carti lage adjacent incisors revealecl hyperLrophi c chonclrocyte di ff"er entiation with minerali zation of the chondroid matrix. The Meckel’s car Li lage was replacecl with bone by o~ L eoc l asLs . showing strong immunoreact ivity for MMP- l ancl -9 from E16 5 Wi Lh ti me‘ Lhis bony replacement of Meckel's cartilage in an endochondral ossification mode was ex Lenclecl up Lo the mid-porLion of Lhe molar sockets til l EI8.5. The bony replacement of minera li zed hypertrophic chondrocyte zone expressing X collagen mHNA conLri buted to the formation of thick mandibular lingual plate . 1'hese f"i ndings suggesL LhaL mandibular formalion and development is closely relatecl with not only Mecke!'s carLi lage. buL also wiLh Lhc developing LooLh. and thaL C'erLai n in f"l uence from the developing tooth may play a role in detcrmin in g Lhe faLc of Meckel’s ca rLi lage cluring ma ndi bular development.

계단형 텅스텐 결정면의 질소 흡착에 관한 연구 : Ⅱ. W(210) 및 W(310)면

최대선(D. S. Choi),한종훈(J. H. Han),백선목(S. M. Paik),박노길(N. G. Park),김욕욱(Y. W. Kim),황정남(C. N. Whang) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1996 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.5 No.4

장전자 방출법으로 텡스텐 (210)면 및 (310)면(100)면의 질소 흡착에 의한 일함수의 변화에 heat of desorption을 측정하였으며 Thermal Desortion Spectra(TDS) 결과로부터 adsorption site를 예측하였다. 텅스텐 (210)면 및 (310)면에 에 질소가 흡착될 때 흡착율에 따라 일함수는 증가하다가 각 면에 대하여 흡착율 5 Langmuir일때 최대 변화량 0.29 eV및 0.20 eV에서 포화되었다. TDS 결과는 이 면들은 낮은 dose의 영역에서 각각 3개의 흡착 site가 있음을 보였으며 이 흡착 site들 중 α₁state의 spectrum의 강도는 (210)면에서 보다 (310)면에서 상대적으로 강해짐을 보였다. 또한 (210)와 (310)면의 α₁ 과 β₂ state의 흡착 site에 흡착된 질소의 dipole moment의 방향은 이 흡착 site들에 대응되는 (100)면의 α₁ 과 β₂state의 흡착 site에 흡착된 질소의 dipole moment의 방향과 반대 방향으로 측정되었으며 이 현상으로부터 질소의 상대적인 흡착 위치를 예측하였다. The heat of desorption and the work function change induced by nitrogen adsorption on the stepped tungstein surface planes, W(210) and W(310), are measured using the Field Electron Emission Microscope(FEM). The adsoption sites are predicted from the Thermal Desortion Spectra(TDS). The work function change of both W(210) and W(310) planes increase as increasing the nitrogen dose and saturates at the nitrogen dose about 5 Langmuir to 0.29 eV and 0.20 ev respectively. We find three adsorption site on each plane for the low dose range. The TDS result shows that the intensity of α₁, state on W(310) is much stronger than that of α₁ state on W(210), and the direction of nitrogen dipole moment adsorbed on the sites correspond to α₁, and β₂ states on W(210) and W(310) planes are in the opposite direction to that of the equivalent states on W(100) plane. From this observation we can predict the relative atomic position in the zdirection (perpendicular direction to the surface) of nitrogen molecules/atoms adsorbed on these sites.

O/W · W/O Emulsion의 Tribology 특성 연구

이봉구,임웅빈,오성모 원광대학교 생산 및 자동화기술연구소 1995 생산.자동화기술연구소논문집 : 원광대 Vol.- No.2

We have been so much interested in the lubrication of emulsion property recently. In particular, O/W and W/O type emulsion have a good property to be used in the Lubricative situation of several services. Therefore, in this section we have studied about the lubricational characteristics in Neat Oil, O/W and W/O type emulsion using the Falex, wear test machine. The result is as follows. 1. In the case of O/W and W/O type emulsion, the beginning friction coefficient than Neat Oil, but it becomes more excellent as the time passes. especially, the W/O type becomes the more excellent. 2. As the load increase, a change in temperature shows to us be nearly similar and all of them, the O/W type is the most excellent in the temperature characteristic. 3. In the beginning, the anti-wear characteristic of emulsion lowers, but after the some load has stability, O/W and W/O type is excellent in order of anti-wear characteristic. 4. In the regular hours, a change in the emulsion becomes settled, so the character of temperature is superior. specially, O/W type is predominant. Therefore, the emulsion in case of the O/W and W/O type are more excellent than Neat oil in the thermal stability and can improve the characteristics of tribology.

Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Typhimurium 및 Salmonella Enteritidis의 항균제 감수성 (1997)

신영학,유정식,김기상,정동준,오경수,이점규,이상원,이근영,박미선,이복권,김호훈 국립보건연구원 1998 국립보건원보 Vol.35 No.-

단세포군 항체를 이용한 Shigella serotyping serum 개발(Ⅱ) : S. flexneri type Ⅰ,Ⅱ & type Ⅰ:6, group 6

정의범,이영희,김순남,박강수,이명숙,성원근,김종욱,홍승의,박정우 국립보건연구원 1994 국립보건원보 Vol.31 No.1

중부 평야지에서 사일리지용 옥수수 품종 선발에 관한 연구 - 파종시기가 사일리지용 옥수수의 생육특성 및 수량에 미치는 영향 -

김원호,김원영,김영진,한학석,김준식,김맹중 ( W . H . Kim,Y . W . Kim,Y . J . Kim,H . S . Han,J . S . Kim,M . J . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.1

This experiment was conducted at theForage Research Farm of the Beef and Dairy Cattle Division, National Livestock Research Institute, Songhwan in 1992 and 1995 to investigate the effects of planting time (April 15, May 11, June 5) on the growth and yield of silage com(Zea mat`s L.). In the plant height, P3144W and DK729 were taller than the others, as 301.6, and 296.3cm, respectively, and P3282 was the shortest as 247.7㎝ at the first planting time. P3144W and DK729 were taller than the others, as 303.6㎝, 281.7㎝, respectively, and P3282 was the shortest as 249.6㎝ at the second planting time. P3144W was the tallest as 276.9㎝. DK689 was the shortest as 246.1㎝ at the third planting time. The ear heights of P3144W and P3282 were 137.3 and 132.7㎝, respectively, and Suweon 19 was the shortest as 116.4㎝ at the first planting time. Those of P3144W and P3282 were as 135.9, 134.4㎝, respectively, and Suwoen 19 was the shortest as 112.1㎝ at the second planting time. P3144W was the tallest as 111.0㎝ and Suweon 19 was the shortest as 94.2㎝ at the third planting time. In the dry matter yield per ha, P3352, DK729 and P3144W were higher than the others as 18,957, 18,840, 18,743㎏, respectively, and P3282 was the lowest as 13,863㎏ at the first planting time. 64743 and P3352 were 18,183 and 17,874㎏, respectively, and Suwoen 19 was the lowest as 15,007㎏ at the second planting time. P3144W was the highest as 19,112㎏ and Suwnen 19 was the lowest as 14,793㎏ at the third planting time. The TDN yield per ha, of P3352, P3144W and DK729 were 13,552, 13,281 and 13,252㎏, respectively, and P3282 was the lowest as 9,793㎏ at the first planting time. 64743 and P3352 were higher than the others as 13,149 and 13,009kg, respectively, and Suwoen 19 was the lowest as 10,872㎏ at the second planting time. P3144W was the highest as 13,521㎏ and Suwven 19 was the lowest as 10,392㎏ at the third planting time.