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Quang Vang DANG(Quang Vang DANG ),Viet Thanh Truc TRAN(Viet Thanh Truc TRAN ),Hieu PHAM(Hieu PHAM ),Van Nam MAI(Van Nam MAI ),Quoc Duy VUONG(Quoc Duy VUONG ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.2
This paper investigates the determinants of credit accessibility and the effect of credit on the income of farm households borrowing from Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Giong Rieng District Branch, Kien Giang Province. Based on the primary data of 200 farming households who are the customer of the bank, the study applied the Probit regression model to examine determinant factors of credit accessibility of farm households and employed the Propensity score matching method to investigate the impact of credit on households’ income. The findings of the Probit regression shown that three independent variables that significantly influence the access to credit of households are household size, income source, and farm size. Besides that, the Propensity score matching method results showed a difference of 23.799 million VND/year between the income of borrowing households and that of non-borrowing households at the significance level of 1%. The difference in the imcome from the interval and central matching methods are VND 24.700 million VND/year and VND 24.633 million VND/year, respectively. Given empirical findings suggetsted that several recommendations to increase the credit accessibility of farm households, thereby creating favorable conditions for improving their income.
Economic Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review
( Hai Quang Pham ),( Kiet Huy Tuan Pham ),( Giang Hai Ha ),( Tin Trung Pham ),( Hien Thi Nguyen ),( Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen ),( Jin-kyoung Oh ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2024 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.87 No.3
Globally, providing evidence on the economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is becoming essential as it assists the health authorities to efficiently allocate resources. This study aimed to summarize the literature on economic burden evidence for COPD from 1990 to 2019. This study examined the economic burden of COPD through a systematic review of studies from 1990 to 2019. A search was done in online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. After screening 12,734 studies, 43 articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified. General study information and data on direct, indirect, and intangible costs were extracted and converted to 2018 international dollars (Int$). Findings revealed that the total direct costs ranged from Int$ 52.08 (India) to Int$ 13,776.33 (Canada) across 16 studies, with drug costs rannging from Int$ 70.07 (Vietnam) to Int$ 8,706.9 (China) in 11 studies. Eight studies explored indirect costs, while one highlighted caregivers’ direct costs at approximately Int$ 1,207.8 (Greece). This study underscores the limited research on COPD caregivers’ economic burdens, particularly in developing countries, emphasizing the importance of increased research support, particularly in high-resource settings. This study provides information about the demographics and economic burden of COPD from 1990 to 2019. More strategies to reduce the frequency of hospital admissions and acute care services should be implemented to improve the quality of COPD patients’ lives and reduce the disease’s rising economic burden.
Clustering Algorithm of Hierarchical Structures in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks
Pham Tran Anh Quang,김동성 한국통신학회 2015 Journal of communications and networks Vol.17 No.5
In this study, we propose a clustering algorithm to enhance the performance of wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs). In each cluster, a multi-level hierarchical structure can be applied to reduce energy consumption. In addition to the cluster head, some nodes can be selected as intermediate nodes (INs). Each IN manages a subcluster that includes its neighbors. INs aggregate data from members in its subcluster, then send them to the cluster head. The selection of intermediate nodes aiming to optimize energy consumption can be considered high computational complexity mixed-integer linear programming. Therefore, a heuristic lowest energy path searching algorithm is proposed to reduce computational time. Moreover, a channel assignment scheme for subclusters is proposed to minimize interference between neighboring subclusters, thereby increasing aggregated throughput. Simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme can prolong network lifetime inWSANs.
Synthesis and Quality of Cr-doped AlN Thin Films Grown by RF Sputtering
Pham Hong Quang,Tran Quang Hung,Ngo Xuan Dai,Tran Hoai Thanh,Kim CheolGi 한국자기학회 2007 Journal of Magnetics Vol.12 No.4
The AlCrN films were grown by RF reactive sputtering method under the selected conditions. The Cr concentration was varied by the number of Cr pieces placed on the Al target. The sample quality has been studied by XRD, Auger spectroscopy, optical absorption and electrical resistant measurements. The XRD and Auger results show that the samples consist of a major phase with the Al1-xCrxN formula, which has a hexagonal structure, and a few percents at. of oxygen, which may form Al₂O₃. There exist the Cr clusters in the samples with high concentration of Cr. The optical absorption measurement provides the information about the band gap that relates strongly to the quality of samples. The quality of samples is also clearly reflected in electrical measurement, i.e., the temperature dependence of resistance exhibits a semiconductor characteristic only for the samples that have no Cr cluster. In these cases, the values of ionization energies Ea can be derived from R(T) plots by using the function R(T) = Ro exp (Ea/kBT).
Better Prediction of the Performance of a Radio-frequency Ion Thruster
Quang T. D. Pham,신지철 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.76 No.2
A zero-dimensional analytical model for an RF discharge ion thruster has been improved to predict the thruster performance better. Improvements were made by incorporating most physical phenomena expected in an RF ion thruster, such as secondary electron emission, double ionization, a variable Clausing factor, grid optical transparency, and an ion confinement factor affected by the electromagnetic field. Clausing factors were calculated for each flow rate by using a Monte-Carlo technique. The grid optical transparency was calculated using an ion optics simulation. The ion confinement factor was also calculated for each flow rate by using the calculated magnetic field strength obtained from magnetic field simulations. The ion confinement factor turned out to have the greatest effect on the results while minor corrections were achieved by other processes. Comparison with previously reported analytical solutions and experimental data showed improved prediction of the thruster performance for various size and power ranges.
Non-flammable organic liquid electrolyte for high-safety and high-energy density Li-ion batteries
Pham, Hieu Quang,Lee, Hee-Yeol,Hwang, Eui-Hyung,Kwon, Young-Gil,Song, Seung-Wan Elsevier 2018 Journal of Power Sources Vol.404 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>With increased energy density of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries for powering smart phones and electric vehicles and for their long range use, battery safety becomes more important than ever. This aspect motivated us to develop non-flammable liquid electrolyte that removes the risk of battery fire and explosion, which is urgently needed. Battery energy density and performance however should not be sacrificed to achieve just the safety. Here we report for the first time a rational design of non-flammable carbonate-based organic liquid electrolyte to satisfy safety, energy density and performance simultaneously. Our novel electrolyte, composed of 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate salt and propylene carbonate and fluorinated linear carbonate co-solvents, at unmeasurable flash point does not fire representing non-flammable safe batteries but permits high-voltage stability to enable high-voltage charge of lithium-rich layered oxide cathode up to 5.0 V, high-energy density of 856 Wh per kg of cathode active mass and stable charge-discharge cycling performance of full-cell with graphite anode, in contrast to rapid performance fade of flammable conventional electrolyte system. The discovery of non-flammable carbonate-based organic liquid electrolyte opens up a new avenue to high-safety and high energy-density lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles and advanced energy-storage applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Rational design of non-flammable carbonate-based organic liquid electrolyte. </LI> <LI> High energy density of non-flammable full-cell with Li-rich layered oxide cathode. </LI> <LI> Preserved cathode structure and stable interface with non-flammable electrolyte. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>