Differential effects of triterpene glycosides, frondoside A and cucumarioside A₂-2 isolated from sea cucumbers on caspase activation and apoptosis of human leukemia cells

Jin, J.O.,Shastina, V.V.,Shin, S.W.,Xu, Q.,Park, J.I.,Rasskazov, V.A.,Avilov, S.A.,Fedorov, S.N.,Stonik, V.A.,Kwak, J.Y. North-Holland Pub ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 FEBS letters Vol.583 No.4

Frondoside A is a pentaoside having an acetyl moiety at the aglycon ring and xylose as a third monosaccharide residue. Cucumarioside A<SUB>2</SUB>-2 is a pentaoside having glucose as a third monosaccahride unit. We compared the effects of frondoside A and A<SUB>2</SUB>-2 for cell death-inducing capability with close attention paid to structure-activity relationships. Both frondoside A and A<SUB>2</SUB>-2 strongly induced apoptosis of leukemic cells. Frondoside A-induced apoptosis was more potent and rapid than A<SUB>2</SUB>-2-induced apoptosis. A<SUB>2</SUB>-2-induced but not frondoside A-induced apoptosis was caspase-dependent. This suggests that holothurians may induce apoptosis of leukemic cells caspase-dependently or -independently, depending on the holothurian structure.

Regulatory role of Echinochrome A in cancer-associated fibroblast-mediated lung cancer cell migration

Eum Da-Young,Lee Chaeyoung,Tran Cong So,Lee Jinyoung,Park Soon Yong,Jeong Mi-So,Jin Yunho,Shim Jae Woong,Lee Seoung Rak,Koh Minseob,Vasileva Elena A.,Mishchenko Natalia P.,Park Seong-Joon,Choi Si Ho,C 한국독성학회 2024 Toxicological Research Vol.40 No.3

Echinochrome A (Ech A), a marine biosubstance isolated from sea urchins, is a strong antioxidant, and its clinical form, histochrome, is being used to treat several diseases, such as ophthalmic, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. Cancerassociated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a component of the tumor stroma and induce phenotypes related to tumor malignancy, including epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness, through reciprocal interactions with cancer cells. Here, we investigated whether Ech A modulates the properties of CAFs and alleviates CAF-induced lung cancer cell migration. First, we observed that the expression levels of CAF markers, Vimentin and fibroblast-activating protein (FAP), were decreased in Ech A-treated CAF-like MRC5 cells. The mRNA transcriptome analysis revealed that in MRC5 cells, the expression of genes associated with cell migration was largely modulated after Ech A treatment. In particular, the expression and secretion of cytokine and chemokine, such as IL6 and CCL2, stimulating cancer cell metastasis was reduced through the inactivation of STAT3 and Akt in MRC5 cells treated with Ech A compared to untreated MRC5 cells. Moreover, while conditioned medium from MRC5 cells enhanced the migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells, conditioned medium from MRC5 cells treated with Ech A suppressed cancer cell migration. In conclusion, we suggest that Ech A might be a potent adjuvant that increases the efficacy of cancer treatments to mitigate lung cancer progression.

역세권내 역 인접 소공원의 유형별 이용행태분석을 통한 활성화 방안 연구

이주희,박진아,Lee, Joo-Hee,Park, Jin-A. 한국조경학회 2008 한국조경학회지 Vol.36 No.3

The government is planning to link a small park with the soon to be ready subway line 9 as a part of Seoul's policy, "The standard or plan for making a water-friendly space by water use" (2007). However, the specified concepts and instructions of the small parks need further work. Therefore, the policy is expected to expand to neighboring small parks near the subway station, but these are not supported by research or data which suggests the needs or actual user behavior and utilization of small parks. our country added the specified concept of small parks and theme parks to the classification of urban parks in the Urban Park Act Revision (2005.3.31), but the concept of small parks is not clearly settled in the law in the scopes of its function, scale, promotion nor particularly defined plans for small park projects. This study examines as small park near a subway station. The characteristics of there region and users vary from the characteristics of the station and region. In the "directions for concrete standards under the types of urban parks and green zones" (2007.2) the types of small parks are classified by "regional characteristics" and "user characteristics". Therefore, this study classifies the subject of neighboring small parks near subway stations as the neighborhood and small urban parks according to the Urban Park Act. The study was paralleled with observation and questionnaires on the analysis of the neighborhood and small urban parks. The actual conditions of park utilization and user behavioral characteristics were deducted by observation, while the questionnaire determined actual user utilization, importance and satisfaction level as well as the small park environment. This study largely focused on three aspects: park facility, design of this sentence isn't even complete. The second aspect isn't finished and the third isn't here.

대전 지역에서 급성 A형 간염의 유전자형에 따른 임상 특성 고찰

이영우 ( Young Woo Lee ),양현웅 ( Hyeon Woong Yang ),이진아 ( Jin A Lee ),윤기호 ( Ki Ho Yun ),양성은 ( Seong Eun Yang ),이민지 ( Min Ji Lee ),박세영 ( Se Young Park ),김새희 ( Sae Hee Kim ),이향이 ( Hyang Ie Lee ),이윤정 ( Yun Ju 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.5

Background/Aims: Acute viral hepatitis A is a major health problem in Korea and the influx of genotype IIIA is thought to be one reason. We examined the differences in the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of genotypes IA and IIIA in Daejeon. Methods: From November 2009 to June 2010, 81 patients positive for IgM anti-HAV were enrolled prospectively. The hepatitis A was genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The clinical characteristics and laboratory results were compared on the Results: The mean patient age was 32.6±7.4 years. The mean hospitalization was 7.7±2.4 days. The patient occupation varied. Clinically, vomiting and diarrhea were relatively more prevalent in genotype IIIA than in IA. Abdominal pain and skin spots were relatively more prevalent in genotype IA than in IIIA. The hemoglobin, peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, and C-reactive protein were statistically higher in genotype IIIA than in IA. The distributions of the peak AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin values tended to be perched in genotype IIIA than in IA. The international normalized ratio (INR) tended to be slightly prolonged in genotype IIIA than in IA. Conclusions: Recently, genotype IIIA of acute viral hepatitis A has become prevalent in Daejeon. Hepatitis A genotype IIIA probably causes worse laboratory abnormalities than genotype IA.

Upregulation of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase by radiation potentiates the effect of bioreductive beta-lapachone on cancer cells.

Choi, Eun K,Terai, Kaoru,Ji, In-Mi,Kook, Yeon H,Park, Kyung H,Oh, Eun T,Griffin, Robert J,Lim, Byung U,Kim, Jin-Seok,Lee, Doo S,Boothman, David A,Loren, Melissa,Song, Chang W,Park, Heon Joo Stockton Press 2007 Neoplasia Vol.9 No.8

<P>We found that beta-lapachone (beta-lap), a novel bioreductive drug, caused rapid apoptosis and clonogenic cell death in A549 human lung epithelial cancer cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The clonogenic cell death caused by beta-lap could be significantly inhibited by dicoumarol, an inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxido-reductase (NQO1), and also by siRNA for NQO1, demonstrating that NQO1-induced bioreduction of beta-lap is an essential step in beta-lap-induced cell death. Irradiation of A549 cells with 4 Gy caused a long-lasting upregulation of NQO1, thereby increasing NQO1-mediated beta-lap-induced cell deaths. Although the direct cause of beta-lap-induced apoptosis is not yet clear, beta-lap treatment reduced the expression of p53 and NF-kappaB, whereas it increased cytochrome C release, caspase-3 activity, and gammaH2AX foci formation. Importantly, beta-lap treatment immediately after irradiation enhanced radiation-induced cell death, indicating that beta-lap sensitizes cancer cells to radiation, in addition to directly killing some of the cells. The growth of A549 tumors induced in immunocompromised mice could be markedly suppressed by local radiation therapy when followed by beta-lap treatment. This is the first study to demonstrate that combined radiotherapy and beta-lap treatment can have a significant effect on human tumor xenografts.</P>

Polyphenolic compounds from Korean <i>Lonicera japonica</i> Thunb. induces apoptosis via AKT and caspase cascade activation in A549 cells

Park, Kwang Il,Park, Hyeonsoo,Nagappan, Arulkumar,Hong, Gyeong Eun,Yumnam, Silvia,Lee, Ho Jeong,Kim, Eun Hee,Lee, Won Sup,Shin, Sung Chul,Kim, Jin A,Lee, Sang Joon,Ma, Jin Yeul,Min, Taesun,Heo, Jeong D.A. Spandidos 2017 Oncology letters Vol.13 No.4

<P><I>Lonicera japonica</I> Thunb. (<I>L. japonica</I> T.) has historically been used in Korean herbal medicine due to its anticancer and protective effects on the respiratory system. In the present study, the polyphenolic compounds in <I>L. japonica</I> T. were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, and its anticancer effects on A549 non-small-cell lung cancer cells were studied. Polyphenolic compounds potentially inhibit A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry and western blot analysis demonstrated that polyphenolic compounds induce apoptosis by regulating the protein expression levels of caspases, poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase and the B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X-protein/B-cell lymphoma-extra large ratio. Furthermore, polyphenolic compounds inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential activity. Caspase-3 activity was increased in a dose-dependent manner and polyphenolic compounds inhibited the activation of protein kinase B by dephosphorylation. These results suggest that polyphenolic compounds in A549 cells indicate the anticancer activity through the induction of apoptosis.</P>

귀충만감 환자에 대한 임상적 고찰

이상철,정진호,이상목,이재완,엄재욱,박춘근 釜算慶南耳鼻咽喉科學會 1994 임상이비인후과 Vol.5 No.1

끝없는 불화, 숭고한 언어 : 김훈, 『흑산』

박진아 이화어문학회 2013 이화어문논집 Vol.31 No.-

등단작『빗살무늬토기의 추억』(1995) 에서부터 근작 『흑산』(2011)까지 김훈은 지속적으로 깨어진 몸, 비루한 몸에 대한 집요한 시선을 보여주었다. 몸을 중심으로 한 그의 글쓰기는 ‘밥’을 먹어야 유지할 수 있는 신체의 한계와 능력을 동시에 표현하는 한편 이 신체를 중심으로 공허하게 떠도는 ‘말’의 헛됨을 표현하는 데 주의를 기울여 왔다. 그의 작품세계에서 몸과 말은 이중적 대립구도를 형성하며, 몸의 고통을 구원할 수도 소거할 수도 없는 권력자들의 정치적인 ‘말’들이 김훈 특유의 신문기사와도 같은 건조한 문체와 만나 뚜렷하게 그 한계를 드러내며 작품의 주제를 형성하는 것이 김훈 작품의 가장 큰 특징으로 분류되어 왔다. 그러나 최근작 『흑산』에서 김훈은 깨어지는 몸을 보여주는 것을 넘어서서 말의 한계를 인지하고 있음에도 불구하고 끝까지 언어의 가능성을 포기하지 않는 정약전이라는 인물을 통해 이 대립구도에 변화를 시도하고 있다. 이것은 비록 언어는 공허하나 언어가 공허하다고 다시 말하는 언어, 완성을 지향하는 대신 모순을 인정하는 언어에서 새로운 정치적 실천의 가능성을 찾겠다는 시도로 보인다. 본고는 이러한 김훈의 시도를 숭고와 관련된 이론들, 특히 지젝의 논의를 참고하여 살펴보고자 한다. 숭고는 ‘현시할 수 없는 것의 현시’라는 명제와 관련되어 언어의 한계, 그리고 인식의 한계를 체험하고 역설적이게도 여기에서 쾌(快)를 경험하는 사건이기 때문이다. 이러한 숭고 체험의 원리를 밝히고 그 의의에 대해 고찰하는 논의는 고대 그리스의 롱기누스부터 현대에 이르기까지 계속적으로 서양 철학의 중심에서 시도되어 왔다. 이에 본고는 김훈이 표현하고자 하는 언어와 한계, 그리고 새로운 정치적 실천성의 가능성을 숭고의 이론을 통해 살펴보면서 그 의미에 대해 깊이 있게 생각해 보고자 한다. From the maiden work 『The Memory of Comb-Pattern Earthenware』(1995) to the recent work 『Heuksan』(2011), Kim Hoon has been throwing his persistent eyes continually upon the broken and abject body. His writing based on a body pays attention to expressing physical ability and limit that can be preserved only through eating 'meal', while representing vanity of a 'language' that floats on such a body. In his work world, a body and a language shape dual conflict composition. The biggest characteristic of Kim Hoon's works has been referred to encounter between the political 'language' of men of power that neither relieves nor erases suffering of a body and Kim Hoon's own dry literary style like a newspaper article, showing its limit saliently and forming a theme. However, in the latest work 『Heuksan』, beyond showing a broken body, Kim Hoon is attempting a change of this conflict composition through a character Jeong Yak-Jeon recognizing the linguistic limit but never giving up the linguistic potential to the last. It seems to be an attempt to find out a new possibility of the political practice from the language saying again language is empty, though it's hollow, and from the language recognizing the contradiction rather than pursuing completion -oriented. This study intends to examine such an attempt of Kim Hoon based on theories of the sublime, particularly on discussion by Kant, Lyotard and Zizek. Because the sublime, related to the proposition of 'Revealing things not to be revealed', is an event to experience the limits of the language and recognition, paradoxically pleasure. Discourse examining the principle of such experiencing the sublime and its significance has been the central of the Western philosophy from the ancient Greek Longinos to the contemporary. So, this study aims at reviewing the linguistic limit and a new possibility of the political practice Kim Hoon expresses through theories of the sublime and giving in-depth idea of its significance.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

대학교 담장개방 녹화사업의 생활권 공원녹지로서의 잠재적 활용가치에 대한 연구

박진아(Park Jin-A),최희수(Choi Hee-Soo) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.7

This paper aims to explore whether the “Campus Fence Afforestation Project”, which is one of the Seoul’s green strategies, has contributed to a qualitative and quantitative improvement in civic life. Therefore, this study defined these created places in this purpose as “Neighborhood Green Space”. In doing so, three main factors of “Neighborhood Green Space” were drawn and used as a measure to evaluate “Campus Fence Afforestation Project”. The physical characteristic of Campus Fence Afforestation Project was elaborated, while at the same time interviews and questionnaire were canvassed for the local aspiration. This combined analysis resulted in the importance of “Campus Fence Afforestation Project” located specially in Kangbuk area in Seoul due to a lack of neighborhood green space compared to Kangnam are. More over, it is essential to build an utilizable space as an agent of urban open space - which acts like a “functional park” rather than just a “green space” - for a revitalization.